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Cells that ingest harmful matter within the body
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. They include monocytes, macrophages
Phagocyte
Part of the immune system
In immunology, the mononuclear phagocyte system or mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS), also known as the macrophage system, is a part of the immune system
Mononuclear_phagocyte_system
Cell membrane engulfing a large particle
one type of endocytosis. A cell that performs phagocytosis is called a phagocyte. In a multicellular organism's immune system, phagocytosis is a major
Phagocytosis
Subtype of leukocytes
cytotoxicity. Vacuolization may be present in a cell that has recently phagocytized foreign matter. Monocytes can migrate into tissues and replenish resident
Monocyte
Vesicle formed around a particle engulfed by a phagocyte via phagocytosis
a vesicle formed around a particle engulfed by a phagocyte via phagocytosis. Professional phagocytes include macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells
Phagosome
Immunity strategy in living beings
receptors, cause local vasodilation of the blood vessels, and attract phagocytes, especially neutrophils. Neutrophils then trigger other parts of the immune
Innate_immune_system
List of organ systems in the human body
Immune system Innate immune system Adaptive immune system Mononuclear phagocyte system Reticuloendothelial system Musculoskeletal system Neuroendocrine
List of systems of the human body
List_of_systems_of_the_human_body
Immune system process
immune effector cells, ultimately accelerating microbial clearance through phagocytic destruction or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Antibody-mediated
Antibody_opsonization
Immune organ that filters blood
phagocyte system, it metabolizes hemoglobin removed from senescent red blood cells. The spleen is a center of activity of the mononuclear phagocyte system
Spleen
Type of immune system molecule
extracellular proteins that, when bound to substances or cells, induce phagocytes to phagocytose the substances or cells with the opsonins bound. Thus,
Opsonin
history of phagocytosis is an account of the discoveries of cells, known as phagocytes, that are capable of eating other cells or particles, and how that eventually
History_of_phagocytosis
System of specialized cells in anatomy
"reticuloendothelial system", more accurately called the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), was employed by the beginning of the 20th century to denote
Reticuloendothelial_system
Chemical compound
granulomatous disease and other diseases of phagocyte function. When there is an NADPH oxidase defect, the phagocyte is unable to make reactive oxygen species
Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride
Nitro_blue_tetrazolium_chloride
Part of the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells
immune system and enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation
Complement_system
Vertebrate cell
the mononuclear phagocyte system (also known as the reticuloendothelial system or lymphoreticular system). The mononuclear phagocytic system is part of
Histiocyte
Hereditary disease group
oxygen compounds (most importantly the superoxide radical due to defective phagocyte NADPH oxidase) used to kill certain ingested pathogens. This leads to
Chronic_granulomatous_disease
Surface protein important to the immune system
attached to infected cells or invading pathogens. Their activity stimulates phagocytic or cytotoxic cells to destroy microbes, or infected cells by antibody-mediated
Fc_receptor
Iron-storage complex
accumulation of hemosiderin is usually detected within cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) or occasionally within epithelial cells of the liver and
Hemosiderin
Category of white blood cells
are normally found in the bloodstream and are the most abundant type of phagocyte, constituting 60% to 65% of the total circulating white blood cells, and
Granulocyte
Immune response that does not involve antibodies
production of antibodies. Rather, cell-mediated immunity is the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (a.k.a. cytotoxic T lymphocytes),
Cell-mediated_immunity
Protein(s) forming a major part of an organism's immune system
molecules marks the microbe for ingestion by phagocytes in a process called opsonization; these phagocytes are attracted by certain complement molecules
Antibody
Type of white blood cell
macrophages, microglia, and others), but all are part of the mononuclear phagocyte system. Besides phagocytosis, they play a critical role in nonspecific
Macrophage
Molecular markers associated with apoptosis
Recognition of these patterns by the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of phagocytes then leads to phagocytosis of the apoptotic cell. These patterns include
ACAMPs
Glial cell located throughout the brain and spinal cord
types according to their morphology, tissue location and duration of phagocytic activity. Today, many researchers around the world are trying to establish
Microglia
Endocrine gland in the brain of most vertebrates
of the pinealocytes. Perivascular phagocyte Many capillaries are present in the gland, and perivascular phagocytes are located close to these blood vessels
Pineal_gland
Russian immunologist (1845–1916)
immunity called phagocytosis and the cell responsible for it, called phagocyte, specifically macrophage, in 1882. This discovery turned out to be the
Élie_Metchnikoff
Cell-surface glycoprotein
has been referred to as HCAM (homing cell adhesion molecule), Pgp-1 (phagocytic glycoprotein-1), Hermes antigen, lymphocyte homing receptor, ECM-III,
CD44
polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked syndrome) (d) CD25 deficiency Phagocytes are the cells that engulf and ingest pathogens (phagocytosis), and destroy
List of primary immunodeficiencies
List_of_primary_immunodeficiencies
Macrophage found in the lungs
(or dust cell, or dust eater) is a type of macrophage, a professional phagocyte, found in the airways and at the level of the alveoli in the lungs, but
Alveolar_macrophage
Cell that removes bone tissue
ruffled border. Because of their phagocytic properties, osteoclasts are considered to be a component of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). The activity
Osteoclast
Process of apoptotic cell removal in cell biology
are removed by phagocytic cells. It can be regarded as the 'burying of dead cells'. During efferocytosis, the cell membrane of phagocytic cells engulfs
Efferocytosis
Type of white blood cell
Neutrophils are a type of phagocytic white blood cell and part of innate immunity. More specifically, they form the most abundant type of granulocytes
Neutrophil
Cytoplasmic body from the fusion of the phagosome and lysosome
surface of the phagocyte. The phagocyte then engulfs the extracellular pathogen or particle, entrapping it within its membrane. Phagocytic Cup Formation:
Phagolysosome
Cell type in the circulatory system of invertebrates
older literature, the term amebocyte is sometimes used as a synonym of phagocyte. Similarly to some of the white blood cells of vertebrates, in many species
Amebocyte
Chemical compound
active. The phagocytic cell plays a unique role in releasing its own activator. Leukokininase can be found on the outer membrane of phagocytic cells: blood
Tuftsin
Macrophages located in the liver
transplantation and liver fibrosis. They form part of the mononuclear phagocyte system. Kupffer cells can be found in the sinusoidal space attached to
Kupffer_cell
Type of immune cell
growth of cytotoxic T cells, and in maximizing bactericidal activity of phagocytes such as macrophages and neutrophils. CD4+ cells are mature Th cells that
Helper_T_cell
Characteristic cells of granulomatous hypersensitivity
cells to the mononuclear phagocyte system. However, they did not specify exactly from which cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system epithelioid cells
Epithelioid_cell
Medical condition
function with enlarged vesicles. This syndrome also leads to neutropenia and phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction due to impaired chemotaxis. Deficiency in serotonin
Chédiak–Higashi_syndrome
Mammalian protein found in humans
protein highly expressed by cells in the monocyte lineage (e.g., monocytic phagocytes, osteoclasts), by circulating macrophages, and by tissue macrophages (e
CD68
Skin macrophages used for wound repair and hair growth
tissue-resident phagocytes that facilitate microbial debris clearance in the skin. Dermal macrophages belong to the mononuclear phagocyte system that serves
Dermal_macrophage
Vertebrate organ involved in metabolism
sinusoids are lined with two types of cell, sinusoidal endothelial cells, and phagocytic Kupffer cells. Hepatic stellate cells are nonparenchymal cells found in
Liver
1346–1353 pandemic in Eurasia and North Africa
PMID 29339508. DeLeo FR, Hinnebusch BJ (September 2005). "A plague upon the phagocytes". Nature Medicine. 11 (9): 927–928. doi:10.1038/nm0905-927. PMID 16145573
Black_Death
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
PMID 8748143. DeLeo FR, Quinn MT (December 1996). "Assembly of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase: molecular interaction of oxidase proteins". Journal of
Neutrophil_cytosolic_factor_2
requirements these cells have been since used as an important tool for studying phagocyte differentiation and different kinds of cell-to-cell interactions. U-937
U937_(cell_line)
Educational animated television series (1987–1988)
They can discharge a purple smoke that kills bacteria and cancer cells. Phagocyte – hovering spherical craft with several large suction tubes coming out
Once_Upon_a_Time..._Life
German zoologist (1835–1899)
on crustaceans. During his research on cell biology he coined the word phagocyte. He is known for the fact that Sigmund Freud started his studies on the
Carl_Friedrich_Wilhelm_Claus
Cellular object readily stainable with a RomanowskI stain
loaded with a wide variety of anti-microbial defensins that fuse with phagocytic vacuoles. Azurophils may contain myeloperoxidase, phospholipase A2, acid
Azurophilic_granule
Enzyme complex
or Rac2 (Rac stands for Rho-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate) Five phagocytic oxidase subunits: gp91phox (NOX2) p22phox (CYBA) p40phox (NCF4) p47phox
NADPH_oxidase
American immunologist
recognized for her research on the functional specialization of mononuclear phagocytes and their roles in inflammation, cancer immunosurveillance, and immune
Claudia_V._Jakubzick
Defenses (LHD), shifting his research to the host side, with a focus on phagocyte defects and their associated infections. His work in the LHD centered
Steven_M._Holland_(physician)
Antibody isotype
surfaces (known as opsonization) allows their recognition and ingestion by phagocytic immune cells, leading to the elimination of the pathogen itself; IgG activates
Immunoglobulin_G
Cell type
Intraglomerular mesangial cells phagocytize glomerular basal lamina components and immunoglobulins. They are an unusual example of phagocytic cells derived from smooth
Intraglomerular mesangial cell
Intraglomerular_mesangial_cell
Unprogrammed cell death caused by external cell injury
response in the surrounding tissue, which attracts leukocytes and nearby phagocytes which eliminate the dead cells by phagocytosis. However, microbial damaging
Necrosis
median 0.43 ×106 Phagocytes, birth, range 6-26 ×106 Phagocytes, birth, median 11 ×106 Phagocytes, pediatric, range 1.5-8.5 ×106 Phagocytes, pediatric, median
List of human blood components
List_of_human_blood_components
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and fungi so that they can be neutralized by phagocytic engulfment. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000260314 – Ensembl, May
Mannose_receptor_C-type_1
Abnormal white blood cell inclusion
detected. The inclusions were once hypothesized to be bile products phagocytized during fulminant hepatic injury, due to the high incidence of critical
Critical_green_inclusion
Part of the innate immune system
both cases C3b interacts with the C3b receptor, complement receptor 1 on phagocytic cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils, allowing for engulfment of
C3b
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
proposed as a primary component of the microbicidal oxidase system of phagocytes. Nox2 is the catalytic, membrane-bound subunit of NADPH oxidase. It is
NOX2
Topics referred to by the same term
(disambiguation) Macrophage, a large phagocyte that originates from a monocyte Page (disambiguation) Phagocyte, a cell that ingests foreign cells, viruses
Phage_(disambiguation)
Monoclonal antibody
activation pathway is triggered when a T cell encounters its cognate antigen, coupled to an MHC molecule, on the surface of an infected cell or a phagocyte.
Theralizumab
Organ system in vertebrates complementary to the circulatory system
tissue healing. The spleen is a center of activity of the mononuclear phagocyte system. It can be considered analogous to a large lymph node, as its absence
Lymphatic_system
Respiratory toxin
encounter CyaA, immediately interferes with the physiological functions of phagocytes. In monocytes and macrophages, the CyaA-produced cAMP signaling through
CyaA
Human bacterial infection
white blood cells from blood vessels into the soft tissue, thus impairing phagocyte function. As the surrounding circulatory system collapses, neutrophils
Gas_gangrene
Disorder caused by dissolved gases forming bubbles in tissues
of lipid phagocytes and degeneration of adjacent neural fibres with vascular hyperplasia at the edges of the infarcts. The lipid phagocytes are later
Decompression_sickness
Scientific study of death and its aspects
of phagocytosis "Phagocytosis is the process by which a cell—often a phagocyte or protist—engulfs a solid particle to form an internal compartment known
Thanatology
Cell membrane organelle
ranges from 0.1-1.2 μm, with some tubular ones reaching up to 15 μm in phagocytes. Several hundred lysosomes can be found within a single cell. However
Lysosome
Photoreceptor cells responsible for color vision made to function in bright light
worn off at the end of the outer segment, to be consumed and recycled by phagocytic cells. While rods outnumber cones in most parts of the retina, the fovea
Cone_cell
Protozoan parasitic disease
Schneider, Anne G.; Cohen, Sara B.; Butcher, Barbara A. (2 August 2012). "Phagocyte Responses to Protozoan Infection and How Toxoplasma gondii Meets the Challenge"
Toxoplasmosis
Biological system protecting an organism against disease
cellular innate immunity performed by cells called phagocytes that engulf pathogens or particles. Phagocytes generally patrol the body searching for pathogens
Immune_system
similar composition to the cornea, but contains very few cells (mostly phagocytes which remove unwanted cellular debris in the visual field, as well as
Eye
Type of macrophage
also known as Hargraves cell, is a neutrophil or macrophage that has phagocytized (engulfed) the denatured nuclear material of another cell. The denatured
LE_cell
A coelomocyte (/ˈsiːləmoʊˌsaɪt/) is a phagocytic leukocyte that appears in the bodies of animals that have a coelom. In most, it attacks and digests invading
Coelomocyte
Species of sea squirt
J.; Brown, Christina; Kerr, Louie; Tiozzo, Stefano (February 2013). "Phagocyte dynamics in a highly regenerative urochordate: Insights into development
Botryllus_schlosseri
Classification in immunology
for growth factors. Recently, the marker CD47 was found to have anti-phagocytic signals to macrophages and inhibit natural killer (NK) cells. This enabled
Cluster_of_differentiation
Form of programmed cell death
necrosis, apoptosis produces cell fragments called apoptotic bodies that phagocytes are able to engulf and remove before the contents of the cell can spill
Apoptosis
Class of proteins involved in inflammation
ability to increase vascular permeability and act as chemotactic agents for phagocytic cells.[citation needed] "Negative" acute-phase proteins decrease in inflammation
Acute-phase_protein
Group of anti-nuclear antibodies
apoptotic cells contain nearly all the autoantigens found in SLE, and phagocytes bind these apoptotic cells and phagocytose them. If this process is defective
Anti-dsDNA_antibodies
Tumour consisting of histiocytes
that are a part of the mononuclear phagocytic system, a part of the body's immune system that consists of phagocytic cells, which are responsible for engulfing
Histiocytoma
Eat-me signals are molecules exposed on the surface of a cell to induce phagocytes to phagocytose (eat) that cell. Currently known eat-me signals include:
Eat-me_signals
Species of protozoa
free-living state, trophozoites feed on bacteria. In tissues, they appear to phagocytize (enclose and digest) red blood cells and cause tissue damage either through
Naegleria_fowleri
polymorphonuclear leukocytes (mostly neutrophils), NK cells, and mononuclear phagocytes like macrophages. CR3 is a pattern recognition receptor, capable of recognizing
Macrophage-1_antigen
Lymphoid organs in the mouth and throat
mast cells and monocytes expressing CD206 and CD163, indicating altered phagocytic profiles. T-cell activity also declines due to changes in the stromal
Tonsil
Type of cell
differentiation before entering the peripheral blood. As a part of the mononuclear phagocyte system, promonocytes play a critical role in immune surveillance, phagocytosis
Promonocyte
Species of intracellular parasite
kala-azar, the most severe form of leishmaniasis. It infects the mononuclear phagocyte system including spleen, liver and bone marrow. Infection is transmitted
Leishmania_donovani
Vertebrate natural glucocorticoid hormone
opsonization, antibodies bind to the pathogen and create a target for phagocytic immune cells to find and latch onto, allowing them to destroy the pathogen
Cortisol
Ion channel that conducts protons based on voltage and pH
homeostasis and charge compensation in several cell types, including phagocytes, B cells, sperm, microglia, and osteoclasts. Hv-like channels are present
Voltage-gated_proton_channel
American medical researcher
understanding of innate immunity but especially chronic granulomatous disease, a phagocyte disorder. Gallin was appointed director of the NIH Clinical Center on
John_I._Gallin
Antibiotic medication
readily absorbed, and diffuses into most tissues and phagocytes. Due to the high concentration in phagocytes, clarithromycin is actively transported to the
Clarithromycin
Subsystem of the immune system
T-cells. On resolution of the infection, most effector cells die and phagocytes clear them away—but a few of these cells remain as memory cells. On a
Adaptive_immune_system
American immunologist
cells attract phagocytes and communicate messages within the tissue; (ii) how 'eat-me' signals on apoptotic cells are recognized by phagocytes; (iii) how
Kodi_Ravichandran
Immune cells that responds to any antigen
innate immunity, is the immune system with which you were born, made up of phagocytes and barriers. Phagocytosis, derived from the Greek words phagein, meaning
Nonspecific_immune_cell
Medical condition
donor's red blood cells, leading to their sequestration and phagocytosis by phagocyte immune cells such as macrophages. Macrophage activation, in response to
Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
Delayed_hemolytic_transfusion_reaction
Ejection of the placenta from the uterus after childbirth
cells, facilitating placental release. Th1 cells attract an influx of phagocytic leukocytes into the placentome at separation, allowing further degradation
Placental_expulsion
Cell surface receptor found in humans
representatives of the mononuclear phagocyte system in the brain, and TLR4 activation regulates some of their functions, such as phagocytic activity. Activation of
Toll-like_receptor_4
Species of bacterium
when the transmembrane receptors on the extracellular membrane of the phagocyte interacts with a molecule on the surface of the spore. CD14, an extracellular
Bacillus_anthracis
Mosquito-borne disease
can nevertheless be detected and destroyed, either by the spleen or by phagocytes. To avoid this fate, the merozoite generates adhesive proteins which appear
Malaria
Protein family
activation molecules are a CD2-related surface receptor expressed by activated phagocytes, T helper cells, and platelets. SLAMs have a variety of functions, including
Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule
Signaling_lymphocytic_activation_molecule
Class of echinoderms
No specialised organs exist for excretion, while waste is collected by phagocytic coelomocytes. The crinoid nervous system is divided into three parts,
Crinoid
SIRP-alpha receptors on the phagocyte. Opsonins are normally soluble proteins, which when bound to the surface of a cell induce phagocytes to phagocytose that
Phagoptosis
PHAGOCYTE
PHAGOCYTE
PHAGOCYTE
PHAGOCYTE
Boy/Male
Hindu
One who lights lamps, Light, Brightness, Flame
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Lord Nagaraja
Girl/Female
Tamil
Rich or from hadria, Gem, Goddess Lakshmi, Graceful, Singer
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Friendly King
Girl/Female
Muslim
Plant known for its greenness
Girl/Female
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Goddess Laxmi
Boy/Male
Bengali, Indian
Lord
Boy/Male
Bengali, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Tamil
Handsome Gem
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord Shiva
Male
Portuguese
Portuguese form of Latin Desiderius, DESIDÉRIO means "longing."Â
PHAGOCYTE
PHAGOCYTE
PHAGOCYTE
PHAGOCYTE
PHAGOCYTE
n.
A leucocyte which plays a part in retrogressive processes by taking up (eating), in the form of fine granules, the parts to be removed.