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Study of narrative structures
Narratology is the study of narrative and narrative structure and the ways that these affect human perception. The term is an anglicisation of French
Narratology
This glossary of narratology is a list of explanations or translations of contemporary and historical concepts of narratology. It defines all the concepts
Glossary_of_narratology
State of mental uncertainty
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Suspense
Story told primarily through the use of visual media
individuals and societies. The corresponding discipline is called visual narratology. Visual narrative might include: stories from a point of view images
Visual_narrative
French literary theorist (1930–2018)
forms of narratology was that they could deal only with simple stories, such as Vladimir Propp's work in Morphology of the Folk Tale. If narratology could
Gérard_Genette
Lebanese academic and literary critic
Lebanese academic and literary critic. He has two PhDs, one in literature (narratology), and the other in linguistics and translation (the latter from St Joseph's
Latif_Zeitouni
Figure of speech
steed of boat-shed — Þórðr Sjáreksson, Þórálfs drápa Skólmssonar In narratology (and specifically in the theories of Gérard Genette), a paradoxical transgression
Metalepsis
Study of games and the act of playing them
of ludology and narratology. Juul argues that games "for all practicality can not tell stories." This argument holds that narratology and ludology cannot
Game_studies
Style of fiction storytelling involving narration
Dictionary of Narratology, 2003, University of Nebraska Press, ISBN 0-8032-8776-3 Prince, Gerald (1 January 2003) [1987]. A Dictionary of Narratology (revised ed
Diegesis
contribution to several fields of literary theory, particularly that of narratology, but also to postcolonial literary criticism, eighteenth-century aesthetics
Monika_Fludernik
Written or spoken commentary
"Narration in Poetry and Drama". The Living Handbook of Narratology. Interdisciplinary Center for Narratology, University of Hamburg. Chamberlain, Daniel Frank
Narration
Literary theory of narrative structure
equilibrium derives from narratology. This discipline examines story construction and its effect on human consciousness. Narratology perceives stories as
Todorov's narrative theory of equilibrium
Todorov's_narrative_theory_of_equilibrium
Overarching narrative
Master narrative and synonymous terms like metanarrative are also used in narratology to mean "stories within stories," as coined by literary theorist Gérard
Metanarrative
Type of role taken by a character
a character. The concept of actant is important in structuralism of narratology to regard each situation as the minimum independent unit of story. [Linguistically]
Actant
Theatrical genre
Real time within the media is a method in which events are portrayed at the same rate at which they occur in the plot. For example, if a film told in real
Real_time_(media)
Narrator whose credibility is compromised
In: Critical Inquiry. Nr. 1, 1977, S. 121–141. "Living Handbook of Narratology". Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 1 December
Unreliable_narrator
Epic poem attributed to Homer
Homer's Odyssey to Joyce's Ulysses: Theory and Practice of an Ethical Narratology"; Archived 12 December 2025 at the Wayback Machine. Arcadia 50(1):9–36
Odyssey
Pattern in storytelling
In narratology and comparative mythology, the hero's quest or hero's journey, also known as the monomyth, is the common template of stories that involve
Hero's_journey
Terms describing narrative construction
In narratology, fabula (Russian: фабула, IPA: [ˈfabʊlə]) refers to the chronological sequence of events within the world of a narrative and syuzhet (Russian:
Fabula_and_syuzhet
Cause-and-effect events in a narrative
fabula/syuzhet to the concept of story/plot. This definition is usually used in narratology, in parallel with Forster's definition. The fabula (story) is what happened
Plot_(narrative)
/ˈfeɪlən/; born 1951) is an American writer and literary scholar of narratology. He is a third-generation Neo-Aristotelian literary critic of the Chicago
James Phelan (literary scholar)
James_Phelan_(literary_scholar)
Thomas Pavel (born Toma Pavel, April 4, 1941 in Bucharest, Romania) is a literary theorist, critic, and novelist, who currently is Emeritus professor at
Thomas_Pavel
American academic and literary theoretician
scholar of narrative poetics and he has helped to shape the discipline of narratology, developing key concepts such as the narratee, narrativity, the disnarrated
Gerald_Prince
Indian philosopher
philosophy of literature, aesthetics, philosophy of psychoanalysis, narratology, revolutionary theory, critical philosophy of caste and race, and the
Divya_Dwivedi
1952 short story by Yasuoka Shōtarō
"Prized Possessions" (愛玩, Aigan) is a short story written by Yasuoka Shōtarō in 1952. It was translated into English by Edwin McClellan and published in
Prized_Possessions
Basic unit of narrative structure
by Eugene Dorfman and expanded by Henri Wittmann, the narreme is to narratology what the sememe is to semantics, the morpheme is to morphology and the
Narreme
In narratology, a hypodiegetic narrative is a narrative embedded in another narrative. The account of the monster in the novel Frankenstein is an example
Hypodiegetic_narrative
Odysseus's faithful dog in the Odyssey
Michael (eds.). Engaging Classical Texts in the Contemporary World: From Narratology to Reception. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. pp. 9–28. doi:10
Argos_(dog)
Short story by Stephen King
Penguin's 60th anniversary. Umney's Last Case is an example of metalepsis in narratology. Prior to the story's original appearance in the Nightmares & Dreamscapes
Umney's_Last_Case
Literary or social stereotype story character
Archetype Cliché Commedia dell'arte Dan (Chinese opera) Literary tropes Narratology Stereotype Chris Baldick (2008). "stock character". The Oxford Dictionary
Stock_character
Writing principle
The rule of three is a writing principle which suggests that a trio of entities such as examples, events, or characters is more satisfying, effective,
Rule_of_three_(writing)
Term in narrative theory
In narratology, focalisation (also focalization) is the perspective through which events in a narrative are perceived and presented to the reader. The
Focalisation
Text for clarification; one of four rhetorical modes
Description is any type of communication that aims to make vivid a place, object, person, group, or other physical entity. It is one of four rhetorical
Description
Conversational literary device
A non sequitur (English: /nɒn ˈsɛkwɪtər/ non SEK-wit-ər, Classical Latin: [noːn ˈsɛkᶣɪtʊr]; "[it] does not follow") is a conversational literary device
Non sequitur (literary device)
Non_sequitur_(literary_device)
Ancient Greek god of winemaking and wine
Speech in Philicus, Philodams and Limenius" in Hymnic Narrative and the Narratology of Greek Hymns, edited by Andrew Faulkner, Owen Hodkinson, Brill, 2015
Dionysus
Depiction of human ejaculation
pretty much a standard." Mieke Bal (2004). Narrative Theory: Political narratology. Taylor & Francis. p. 297. ISBN 978-0-415-31660-6. Archived from the
Cum_shot
Transmediality is a term used in intermediality studies, narratology, and new media studies (in particular in the phrase ‘transmedia storytelling’ derived
Transmediality
Dutch classicist (born 1957)
1957) is a Dutch classical scholar, known for her pioneering work on narratology and Ancient Greek literature. Irene Jacqueline Frederike de Jong was
Irene_de_Jong
German classical scholar
His academic work has focused on Greek tragedy, the Homeric epics, narratology, and historiography. In 2012, he was awarded a Starting Grant of about
Jonas_Grethlein
Dramatic structure
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Three-act_structure
Huntley and Melanie Anne Phillips. The term is used in the context of narratology and refers to a theory of narration and literary presentation. The software
Dramatica_(software)
Electronic game with user interface and visual feedback
development. The two most visible schools in this field are ludology and narratology. Narrativists approach video games in the context of what Janet Murray
Video_game
Account that presents connected events
academic study of stories and storytelling is called narratology. Some theorists of narratology have attempted to isolate the quality or set of properties
Narrative
Modality Narrator (Imported term from narratology) Paradigmatic analysis Paradigms Paratext (A term from narratology) Receiver (mathematical/transmission
Index_of_semiotics_articles
Type of traditional narrative
Annika (14 March 2023), "In Search Of Dumuzi: An Introduction to Hylistic Narratology", The Shape of Stories, Brill, pp. 285–350, doi:10.1163/9789004539761_013
Myth
Swiss narratologist
(Seuil, 2009) and is co-editor of Narrative Sequence in Contemporary Narratology (Ohio State Univ. Press, 2016). Raphaël Baroni is member of the advisory
Raphaël_Baroni
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up monomyth in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. In narratology and comparative mythology, the hero's journey or monomyth is a common template of
The Hero's Journey (disambiguation)
The_Hero's_Journey_(disambiguation)
American classicist and historian of religion
Ohio State University Main interests Religions of the ancient Mediterranean, Greek myth, divination, the afterlife, narratology, religion and narrative
Sarah_Iles_Johnston
Narrative work derived from existing works
A spin-off or spinoff is any narrative work derived from an already existing work that focuses on different aspects from the original work. One of the
Spin-off_(media)
Writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway
The iceberg theory or theory of omission is a writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway. As a young journalist, Hemingway had to focus
Iceberg_theory
Topics referred to by the same term
dictionary. Quibble (computing), a quad nibble Quibble (plot device), in narratology Quibble, a character in the video game franchise My Singing Monsters
Quibble
Representation that conveys deeper meaning
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Artistic_symbol
Shared fictional universe based on the work of H. P. Lovecraft
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Cthulhu_Mythos
Fictional prose narrative form
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Novella
Literary genre
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Fantasy
Underlying fictitious assumption of a work of fiction
In drama and other art forms, the central conceit of a work of fiction is the underlying fictitious assumption which must be accepted by the audience with
Central_conceit
Concept in psychology, literature, philosophy
The concept of an archetype (/ˈɑːrkɪtaɪp/ AR-ki-type) appears in areas relating to behavior, historical psychology, philosophy and literary analysis. An
Archetype
Story plot device
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
MacGuffin
Performing voice-overs to a character or provide information
"Narration in Poetry and Drama". The Living Handbook of Narratology. Interdisciplinary Center for Narratology, University of Hamburg. Archived from the original
Voice_acting
Dramatic principle
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Chekhov's_gun
Type of fictional character
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Antihero
Community or society that is undesirable or frightening
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Dystopia
Reference point of a deictic expression in the context of pragmatics
German). G. Fischer. p. 149. Fludernik, Monika (2009). An introduction to narratology. London; New York: Routledge. p. 151. ISBN 978-0415450294. OCLC 846355928
Origo_(pragmatics)
Separation of performers and audience
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Fourth_wall
Simultaneity of points of view and voices in a narrative
In literature, polyphony (Russian: полифония) is a feature of narrative, which includes a diversity of simultaneous points of view and voices. Caryl Emerson
Polyphony_(literature)
1947 book by Raymond Queneau
Exercises in Style (French: Exercices de style), written by Raymond Queneau, is a collection of 99 retellings of the same story, each in a different style
Exercises_in_Style
Indian poet and critic (1930–2006)
Indian Literary Encyclopaedia. Another important work by him Indian Narratology, published by IGNCA, was the first of its kind to study various forms
Ayyappa_Paniker
Storytelling device
A body swap (also named mind swap, soul swap or brain swap) is a storytelling device seen in a variety of science fiction and supernatural fiction, in
Body_swap
Shot setting up context for a scene
2007. "Shot types". MediaCollege.com. Retrieved 25 June 2020. "Terms Used by Narratology and Film Theory". Purdue University. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
Establishing_shot
Literary element
simple narrative. The Hero with a Thousand Faces List of story structures Narratology Narreme as the basic unit of narrative structure Non-narrative film Rising
Story_structure
Expression of time reference in grammar
Press. pp. 586–610. ISBN 978-0-19-538197-9. Fludernik, Monika (2012). "Narratology and literary linguistics". In Binnick, Robert I. (ed.). The Oxford handbook
Grammatical_tense
Academic, hellenist, classical philologist, Byzantinist (1970-)
Uppsala University in Sweden, specializing in Byzantine literature and narratology. In 2001, Nilsson received her Ph.D. at the University of Gothenburg
Ingela_Nilsson
Systematic study of the nature of literature
post-colonialism, new historicism, deconstruction, reader-response criticism, narratology and psychoanalytic criticism. The different interpretive and epistemological
Literary_theory
Video game designer
Achievement Award by the Knight Foundation. This work expands on concepts of narratology and ludology as modes for framing game analysis. These concepts were
Gonzalo_Frasca
Story in a nested narration that brackets one or more embedded stories
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Frame_story
Genre of fiction about fiction
Metafiction is a form of fiction that emphasizes its own narrative structure in a way that inherently reminds the audience that they are reading or viewing
Metafiction
Style of narration
Pragmatics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2000. Prince, Gerald, Dictionary of Narratology Stevenson, Randall, Modernist Fiction. Lexington: University of Kentucky
Free_indirect_speech
Nonfictional motion picture
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Documentary_film
Psychological theory
Narrative transportation theory, proposed by Green and Brock suggests that people become immersed in a story when they experience focused attention, emotional
Transportation theory (psychology)
Transportation_theory_(psychology)
Novel written as a series of letters
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Epistolary_novel
Prophet in Abrahamic religions
Rabbinic Interpretations". pp. 145–175 in C. Cordoni and G. Langer (eds.), Narratology, Hermeneutics, and Midrash: Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Narratives
Moses
Fallacious approach to mislead an audience
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Red_herring
Main enemy of someone
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Archenemy
Significant event within a plot
In television and film, a plot point is any incident, episode, or event that "hooks" into the action and spins it around into another direction. Noted
Plot_point
Genre of narrative presented in a long format
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Epic_(genre)
Self-consistent fictional setting
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Fictional_universe
Armenian-American scholar (born 1944)
Diaspora studies, globalization, nationalism, transnationalism, world literature, narratology, modern novel, literary theory, film theory, Thomas Pynchon
Khachig_Tölölyan
Deliberate distortion of rules or convention for aesthetic reasons
Artistic license (and more general or contextually-specific, derivative terms such as creative license, poetic license, historical license, dramatic license
Artistic_license
Signs that stand in for and take the place of something else
Representation is the use of signs that stand in for and take the place of something else. It is through representation that people organize the world
Representation_(arts)
Film and video terminology
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Crossover_(fiction)
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
List of underwater science fiction works
List_of_underwater_science_fiction_works
Long fictional narrative story
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Novel
Literary and art genre with a style of humor based on parody
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Satire
Study, evaluation, and interpretation of literature
and the economics of literary form. New Historicism Russian Formalism Narratology Structuralism Post-structuralism Deconstructionism Literary Modernism
Literary_criticism
Fictional being in a narrative
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Character_(arts)
Genre of literature, film, and television
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Thriller_(genre)
Literary genre
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Crime_fiction
Swiss literary scholar and critic (born 1946)
literary scholar and critic. She has written several books and articles on narratology, fiction, and cyberculture and has been awarded several times for her
Marie-Laure_Ryan
Second most important character in a narrative
Literary theory Narrative identity Narrative paradigm Narrative therapy Narratology Metafiction Political narrative Rhetoric Glossary Screenwriting Series
Deuteragonist
French philosopher and essayist (1915–1980)
semiotics, semiotics of photography, comics semiotics, literary theory), narratology, linguistics Notable works Writing Degree Zero (1953) Mythologies (1957)
Roland_Barthes
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