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Sociological concept
edu/group/ccr/ccrblog/2010/02/mcdonaldization_and_higher_edu.html. (Date accessed 30 October 2013) The McDonaldization of Society by George Ritzer (ISBN 0-7619-8812-2)
McDonaldization
1993 English-language book by George Ritzer
The McDonaldization of Society was first proposed by sociologist George Ritzer in an article for The Journal of American Culture and expanded in his 1993
The McDonaldization of Society
The_McDonaldization_of_Society
American sociologist (born 1940)
of consumption, and modern/postmodern social theory. His concept of McDonaldization draws upon Max Weber's idea of rationalization through the lens of
George_Ritzer
American singer and songwriter (born 1958)
shorthand for homogenizing American mass culture similar to that of McDonaldization and Cocacolonization. Internationally, political and religious commentators
Madonna
American fast food restaurant chain
has become a symbol of globalization, sometimes referred to as the "McDonaldization" of society. The Economist newspaper uses the "Big Mac Index": the
McDonald's
Food to be consumed without utensils
February 2013. Ong, Beng (March 2017). "Thinking Empirically about the McDonaldization Thesis in Penang". Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities
Finger_food
Graffiti artist, political activist and painter
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Banksy
Term referring to spread of McDonald's restaurants
globalization, and more generally to the effects of international "McDonaldization" of services and commercialization of goods as an element of globalization
McWorld
Jollibee outlets List of sovereign states Lists of restaurants MaDonal McDonaldization McWorld As of 2024 There have been claims that McDonald's also operated
List of countries with McDonald's restaurants
List_of_countries_with_McDonald's_restaurants
Rationality tending to replace tradition
traditional stores. The sociologist George Ritzer has used the term McDonaldization to refer, not just to the actions of the fast food restaurant, but
Rationalization_(sociology)
Wayback Machine Minnesota Daily, March 2008. Ritzer, G. (2011). The McDonaldization of Society 6. SAGE Publications. p. 202. ISBN 978-1-4129-8012-8. Retrieved
List_of_hamburgers
American fast food company founders
Holdings Westlife Foodworld (India) Criticism Fast Food Nation (film) McDonaldization McDonald's Video Game McDonald's and unions McJob McRefugee McLibel
Richard_and_Maurice_McDonald
Cultural and artistic movement
of late modernity is the American sociologist George Ritzer's The McDonaldization of Society (1993). Ritzer describes how late modernity became saturated
Modernism
Spread of world views, products, ideas, capital and labor
McDonald's is commonly seen as a symbol of globalization, often called McDonaldization of global society.
Globalization
Person who consumes and produces a product
economy. Scholars have connected prosumer culture to the concept of McDonaldization, as advanced by sociologist George Ritzer. Referring to the business
Prosumer
have looked at food's role as a colonial tool in Africa and Asia; "McDonaldization"; the food dimensions of Mexican, Chinese and Italian diasporas; class
Food_history
Social science term
Ritzer uses the term enchantment in his analysis of consumerism and McDonaldization, making the argument that "enchantment of the consumer is necessary
Enchantment_(social_sciences)
Building, modifying, or repairing, without the aid of experts or professionals
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Do_it_yourself
International economic globalization
(2010). McDonaldization: the reader/ 3rd ed. Thousand Oak, CA: Sage Publications. p. 3. ISBN 978-1-4129-7582-7. Ritzer, George (2010). McDonaldization: the
Economic_globalization
American childcare and education provider
for school. The company has been criticized as being part of the "McDonaldization of society". George Ritzer criticizes the company for "hir[ing] short-term
KinderCare_Learning_Centers
Law providing more severe penalties for repeat offenders
eligible. Three-strikes laws have been cited as an example of the McDonaldization of punishment, in which the focus of criminological and penological
Three-strikes_law
Emigration of highly skilled or well-educated individuals
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
Human_capital_flight
version of German that incorporates Hebrew and Slavic words, Yiddish. McDonaldization: The Reader p.387 Guttman, Vered (April 24, 2012). "No Matter Where
List_of_Jewish_cuisine_dishes
Buying behavior that causes adverse consequences
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Compulsive_buying_disorder
Indian philosopher, scientist and environmentalist
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Vandana_Shiva
Jewellery worn around the wrist
the original (PDF) on 18 May 2025. Rohman, Farha Yashmin (2025). "9. McDonaldization of Wedding Culture and its Impact on the Brides of Assam". Thriving
Kaleera
Concept in sociology
University of California Press, 1978. lix. Smart, Barry. Resisting McDonaldization. Sage Publications Ltd, 1999. 84. Weber, Max. From Max Weber: Essays
Iron_cage
Study of global macro-processes
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
Global_studies
Political and economic patterns of the world
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
Global_politics
German sociologist (1944–2015)
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
Ulrich_Beck
that he was ordered to do so from past Maaco managers revealing that McDonaldization is being practiced), one war veteran who needs to work out in the cold
List of Undercover Boss (American TV series) episodes
List_of_Undercover_Boss_(American_TV_series)_episodes
Political party in Poland
anti-globalization and ecological movements attacked the progressing "McDonaldization of society" that contradicted and threatened national and local identities
Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
Self-Defence_of_the_Republic_of_Poland
Public park in Chicago, Illinois, US
naming of the McDonald's Cycle Center as a continuation of the " 'McDonaldization' of America" and as somewhat "insidious" because the company is making
Millennium_Park
Sexual entertainment venue
ISBN 978-1-84520-129-6. Retrieved 2010-08-13. George Ritzer (2009-11-17). McDonaldization: The Reader. SAGE Publications, Incorporated. ISBN 978-1-4129-7582-7
Strip_club
2002 American film by Gil Cates Jr.
exemplar for a category of movies (the "McShakespeare", an example of McDonaldization) in more academic publications. A Midsummer Night's Rave transposes
A_Midsummer_Night's_Rave
Aspect of cultural globalization
domination of the Western (American), capitalist culture is also known as McDonaldization, coca-colonization, Americanization or Westernization and criticized
Cultural_homogenization
"Madonna-economy" or the "Madonnization", drawing comparisons with that of the McDonaldization or Cocacolonization. Madonna is an American musician whose impact transcended
Cultural_impact_of_Madonna
Skepticism of the claimed benefits of globalization
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Criticisms_of_globalization
Acquisition of goods beyond essential needs
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Consumerism
Method of media consumption
"animalization" is frequently compared to George Ritzer's concept of McDonaldization (excessive emphasis on rationality and computability). It is also sometimes
Database_consumption
Socio-psychological effects of consumerism
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Affluenza
Concept in economics
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
New international division of labour
New_international_division_of_labour
Term for cultural process of shifting ideas of reality
Borgmann, Crossing the Postmodern Divide (1992). George Ritzer, The McDonaldization of Society (2004). ISBN 978-0-7619-8812-0 Charles Arthur Willard Liberalism
Hyperreality
American supplemental education program
bizjournals.com. Retrieved September 28, 2017. Ritzer, George (1996). The McDonaldization of Society: An Investigation into the Changing Character of Contemporary
Sylvan_Learning
Global network promoting UN declaration
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
Earth_Charter_Initiative
Organization that promotes local food
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Slow_Food
iPhone controversy
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Batterygate
Adoption of simpler lifestyle
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Downshifting_(lifestyle)
View of media, markets and commodities as sovereign, central to Situationist thought
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Spectacle_(critical_theory)
British franchised kiosk and restaurant chain
ISBN 978-1-59240-294-6. Retrieved 7 November 2017. Ritzer, G. (2014). The McDonaldization of Society. SAGE Publications. p. 56. ISBN 978-1-4833-5895-6. Retrieved
YO!_Sushi
Genre of photorealistic painting
the original on 2012-03-23. Retrieved 2014-05-29. George Ritzer, The McDonaldization of Society (2004). ISBN 978-0-7619-8812-0 Rywalt, Chris. "Christoper
Hyperrealism_(visual_arts)
Canadian sociologist (1933–2022)
Gruyter, pp. 33–54. 1999. ‘Have You Had Your Theory Today?’ In Resisting McDonaldization. Barry Smart (ed.). London: Sage Publications, pp. 41–56. 2001. ‘Horror
John_O'Neill_(sociologist)
Product design with limited useful life
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Planned_obsolescence
Environmental advocacy group
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Earth_First!
Concept in sociology and economy
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Conspicuous_consumption
French philosopher (1952–2020)
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Bernard_Stiegler
Constant capital and population size
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Steady-state_economy
Organization with a fixed set of rules of intra-organization procedures and structures
Life on the McJob. New York: McGraw-Hill. Ritzer, George. 1993. The McDonaldization of Society. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge. Schlosser, Eric. 2001. Fast
Formal_organization
Separation of tasks in any system so that participants may specialise
Family economy Fordism Identity performance Industrialisation Kyriarchy McDonaldization Mechanisation New international division of labour Newly industrialised
Division_of_labour
Form of protest to subvert media culture
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Culture_jamming
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
List of globalization-related indices
List_of_globalization-related_indices
Day of protest against consumerism
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Buy_Nothing_Day
American culture globalization through products
portal Cultural globalization Cultural imperialism Disneyfication McDonaldization McWorld Walmarting Pendergrast, Mark (1993). "A Brief History of Coca-Colonization"
Cocacolonization
World's first major period of globalization of trade and finance
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
First_globalization
Cultural aspects of imperialism
or artistic) and genetic resources (example human DNA). The terms "McDonaldization", "Disneyization" and "Cocacolonization" have been coined to describe
Cultural_imperialism
French philosopher and sociologist (1901–1991)
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Henri_Lefebvre
Legal right and movement
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Right_to_repair
American businessman and first president and CEO of McDonald's Corporation
Holdings Westlife Foodworld (India) Criticism Fast Food Nation (film) McDonaldization McDonald's Video Game McDonald's and unions McJob McRefugee McLibel
Harry_J._Sonneborn
Mode of exchange where valuables are given without rewards
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Gift_economy
American nonprofit organization
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
The_Venus_Project
Global adoption of western culture and values
ideas, capital and labor Indigenization – Form of cultural change McDonaldization – Sociological concept Melting pot – Monocultural metaphor Modern culture –
Westernization
Concept
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Conspicuous_leisure
Sociopolitical ideology
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Anti-consumerism
sociologist George Ritzer coined the related concept of "McDonaldization" in his 1995 book McDonaldization of Society. Another byproduct of the globalization
History_of_the_hamburger
Worldwide political movement against multinational corporations
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Anti-globalization_movement
Culture jamming activist group
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
The_Yes_Men
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
World_economy
Neologism comparing society to food chain
McDelivery McVegan McPlant McVeggie McKroket McChurch – A megachurch. McDonaldization – The process by which a society takes on the characteristics of a
McWord
American Street Artist
in heil salute—commenting on, as The Huffington Post descries, "the McDonaldization of America." Taking known images and making subtle alterations to their
WhIsBe
1995 book by Benjamin Barber
The Clash of Civilizations The End of History and the Last Man The McDonaldization of Society The Lexus and the Olive Tree Barber, Benjamin R., Jihad
Jihad_vs._McWorld
Food produced within a short distance of where it is consumed
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Local_food
State whose economic system is no longer a form of capitalism
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Post-capitalism
Journal
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
Global_Governance
Sense of regret after having made a purchase
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Buyer's_remorse
American restaurateurs
States. pp. 91-94. ISBN 1440841128. Claude Fischler, Chapter 40 (The “McDonaldization” of culture') in J.L. Flandrin and M. Montanari, eds., Food: A Culinary
Kiradjieff_brothers
Culinary tradition originating in the southern United States
Joints". In Mark Alfino; John S. Caputo; Robin Wynyard; et al. (eds.). McDonaldization Revisited: Critical Essays on Consumer Culture. Praeger Publishing
Barbecue_in_the_United_States
Regional style of food preparation in the United States
D. Holley and D. E. Wright, Jr., Mark Alfino; et al., eds. (1998). McDonaldization Revisited: Critical Essays on Consumer Culture. Praeger Publishing
Barbecue_in_North_Carolina
linguistic media scientific social Invasive species Investor-state disputes McDonaldization New international division of labour North–South divide Offshoring
List of globalization-related journals
List_of_globalization-related_journals
Global influence of US culture
Military globalization Neo-colonialism Propaganda in the United States McDonaldization Pax Americana Soft Power Westernization Indigenization Azaryahu, Maoz
Americanization
Type of culture that exists outside or on the fringes of mainstream/popular culture
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Alternative_culture
Type of consumer activism
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Ethical_consumerism
Method of cooking meat and root vegetables buried below ground
D. Holley and D. E. Wright, Jr., Mark Alfino; et al., eds. (1998). McDonaldization Revisited: Critical Essays on Consumer Culture. Praeger Publishing
Pit_barbecue
Stance of limited participation in the food system and broader economy in protest
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Freeganism
2001 bleak comedy crime film by William Morrissette
Salisbury University JSTOR 43797270 Hoefer, Anthony D. 2006, "The McDonaldization of ‘Macbeth’: Shakespeare and Pop Culture in ‘Scotland, PA.’" Literature/Film
Scotland,_PA
2006 video game
Holdings Westlife Foodworld (India) Criticism Fast Food Nation (film) McDonaldization McDonald's Video Game McDonald's and unions McJob McRefugee McLibel
McDonald's_Video_Game
Concept in sustainable fashion
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Slow_fashion
American rock music poster designer
featured in a Huffington Post story about street art that challenged the McDonaldization of society. He said, "While I was drawing Ronald as an evil tyrant
Zoltron
Parody advertising
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Subvertising
Canadian nonprofit organization
mass media Informal sector Intentional community Left-wing politics McDonaldization Mutual aid Natural resource economics Non-monetary economy Permaculture
Adbusters
Series of fast food advertising campaigns
Holdings Westlife Foodworld (India) Criticism Fast Food Nation (film) McDonaldization McDonald's Video Game McDonald's and unions McJob McRefugee McLibel
Burger_wars
MCDONALDIZATION
MCDONALDIZATION
MCDONALDIZATION
MCDONALDIZATION
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Lord of Love
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Sincere; Frank; Pure-hearted
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Earth
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Sand; Dirt
Boy/Male
Indian, Modern
The Confluence of Three Rivers; Great Hunter
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada
Spark of Fire
Boy/Male
Muslim
Friendship, Closeness
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi, Rajasthani, Sindhi
Son of Goddess
Girl/Female
British, English, German
Form of Lisanne
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
Golden Bell
MCDONALDIZATION
MCDONALDIZATION
MCDONALDIZATION
MCDONALDIZATION
MCDONALDIZATION