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Early Christian group
The Mardaites (Medieval Greek: Μαρδαΐται; Arabic: المَرَدة) or al-Jarajima (Syriac: ܡܪ̈ܕܝܐ; Arabic: جَرَاجِمَة/ALA-LC: Jarājimah) were early Christians
Mardaites
Mountain pass in Turkey
historians, after the conquest of the Levant by the Arab Caliphate, the Mardaites, Christians following either Miaphysitism or Monothelitism, gained a semi-independent
Amanian_Gate
Second Islamic caliphate (661–750)
pressures from the Byzantine Empire and raids into Syria by the Byzantines' Mardaite allies compelled him to sign a peace treaty with Byzantium in 689 which
Umayyad_Caliphate
Anti-Abbasid Christian revolts in Lebanon, 752–760
Bandar (or Theodore in some sources) declared himself king over all of the Mardaites. Salih ibn Ali, the uncle of the Abbasid caliph, ambushed Bandar near
Mount Lebanon revolts of 752 and 759
Mount_Lebanon_revolts_of_752_and_759
Umayyad caliph from 685 to 705
9th-century Muslim historian al-Baladhuri or used the Mardaites to mount pressure on the Muslims: Mardaite depredations extended throughout Syria, as far south
Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan
Byzantine emperor from 685 to 695 and 705 to 711
Lebanon 12,000 Christian Mardaites, who continually resisted the Arabs. Additional resettlement efforts, aimed at the Mardaites and inhabitants of Cyprus
Justinian_II
694 Byzantine defeat in Lebanon by Maronites
Maron. John Maron’s nephew, prince Ibrahim, alongside prince Masud of the Mardaites routed the Byzantines at Amioun and defeated them. Both generals were
Battle_of_Amioun
Σταυράκιος ὁ Πλατύς) was a Byzantine officer who served as the katepano of the Mardaites in the Cibyrrhaeot Theme in ca. 910. Staurakios Platys is only mentioned
Staurakios_Platys
Political party in Lebanon
the Lebanese Civil War named after the legendary Marada (also called Mardaites) warriors of the early Middle Ages that fought on the external edge of
Marada_Movement
Ethnoreligious group centered in Syria
Middle Eastern peoples such as the Arameans, Canaanites, Hittites, and Mardaites. Many prominent Alawite tribes are also descended from 13th century settlers
Alawites
Mountain range in Lebanon
parts of the mountain range. In the late 8th century a group known as the Mardaites (also Jarajima) settled in North Lebanon following the order of the Byzantine
Mount_Lebanon
Series of wars between the 7th and 11th centuries
of Armenia, Iberia and Cyprus; however, by removing 12,000 Christian Mardaites from their native Lebanon, he removed a major obstacle for the Arabs in
Arab–Byzantine_wars
Eastern Catholic church
The Eastern Mediterranean under Umayyad rule, with the Mardaites zones showed in Mount Lebanon and the Amanus
Maronite_Church
Maronite monks massacred in 517
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
350_Maronite_Martyrs
1050s AD Arab–Byzantine wars Byzantine Empire First Bulgarian Empire Mardaites Kingdom of Italy Italian city-states First Islamic state Rashidun Caliphate
List_of_wars:_before_1000
Largest of the Ionian Islands, Greece
of Saint George, a more well-protected site in the island's interior. Mardaites were resettled in Cephalonia to serve as marines, and political prisoners
Cephalonia
al-Malik ibn Marwan stops the payment of tributes due to Mardaites raids. Approximately 12,000 Mardaites are deported to the Empire. Peace is re-established
List_of_Byzantine_wars
Christian ethnoreligious group in the Levant
identify as descendants of Phoenicians. Some Maronites argue that they are of Mardaite ancestry, while other historians, such as Clement Joseph David, the Syriac
Maronites
Al-Ward." During the reign of Al-Walid, Jarjūmah, the capital of the Mardaites, rebelled against the rule of the Caliph again, as a result, Maslama bin
8th_century_in_Lebanon
Military organization specialized in amphibious warfare
For several centuries, the Byzantine navy used the descendants of the Mardaites, who were settled in southern Anatolia and Greece, as marines and rowers
Marines
Founder of the Umayyad Caliphate
of the destruction of his fleet or the Byzantines' deployment of the Mardaites in the Syrian littoral during that time. A thirty-year treaty was concluded
Mu'awiya_I
Historical region in the Balkans
mostly as bases for expeditions against southern Italy and Sicily, while Mardaites from both themes are listed in the large but unsuccessful expedition of
Epirus
Senior Byzantine military rank
men"), a class of low-level court functionaries, and the head of the Mardaites marine detachments of the Byzantine naval theme of the Cibyrrhaeots in
Katepano
Major conflict of the Arab–Byzantine wars
Arabs before Constantinople coincided with the increased activity of the Mardaites, a Christian group living in the mountains of Syria that resisted Muslim
Siege of Constantinople (674–678)
Siege_of_Constantinople_(674–678)
Syriac Maronite bishop and saint
2021. Moosa, Matti. “The Relation of the Maronites of Lebanon to the Mardaites and Al-Jarājima.” Speculum, vol. 44, no. 4, 1969, pp. 597–608. JSTOR,
John_Maron
Byzantine border guards
past. Acritic songs Digenes Akritas Song of Armouris Romanos IV Diogenes Mardaites Bartusis, Mark C. (1997). The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society 1204–1453
Akritai
City in Syria
991), mentions Latakia as belonging to the district of Hims (Homs). The Mardaites controlled the region from Jebel Aqra to northern Palestine, including
Latakia
Christian minority in Israel
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Maronites_in_Israel
Cave and former Maronite monastery in Lebanon
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Monastery_of_Saint_Maron
Islamic tax on non-Muslims
certain times could be enrolled in military expeditions even if not Muslim (Mardaites, Amenians, etc.), were released from jizya for the year in question."
Jizya
Monk and namesake of the Maronite Church
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Maron
Ancient Iranian tribe
Swastikas from Marlik, kept at the National Museum, Tehran. Phraates I Mardaites "The Mardians: A Note" (PDF). Leonardo Gregoratti (Durham University,
Amardi
Calendar year
calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. The Mardaites raid Muslim-held territories, from their chief stronghold Hagioupolis
694
Siege of the Arab-Byzantine wars
Muawiyah's sister, who had fled to the Mardaites, a group of Christian rebels in northern Syria. After the Mardaites had been subdued, the general Maslama
Siege_of_Tyana
Byzantine emperor from 698 to 705
their homelands. He also strengthened the garrison of the island with Mardaite troops from the Taurus Mountains. According to the historian Warren Treadgold
Tiberius_III
Maronite Catholic community in Cyprus
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Maronite_Cypriots
Village in North Governorate of Lebanon
border forces known as the Mardaites joined the Maronites later on and many merged with them even after the bulk of the Mardaites forces were withdrawn. In
Smar_Jbeil
759 (752/759) Abbasid Caliphate Tanukhids Lakhmids Eastern Christians Mardaites Maronites Melkites Supported: Byzantine Empire Victory Christian inhabitants
List of wars involving Iran (before 1979)
List_of_wars_involving_Iran_(before_1979)
Marada Movement branch in the Lebanese Civil War
and za'im Suleiman Frangieh as the Marada Brigade (also translated as Mardaite Brigade (Arabic: Liwa' al-Marada) and was initially led by Suleiman Franjieh's
Zgharta_Liberation_Army
the Jarajima (Mardaites) 694 Mount Lebanon Unknown Mardaite mountaineers and villagers Umayyad Caliphate forces Following the Mardaite insurgency against
List of extrajudicial killings and political violence in Lebanon
List_of_extrajudicial_killings_and_political_violence_in_Lebanon
Siege by the Fatimids
well as 200 Byzantine captives, were executed. 10th century in Lebanon Mardaite revolts Canard, Marius (1961). "Les sources arabes de l'histoire byzantine
Revolt_of_Tyre_(996–998)
Religious conflict in Mount Lebanon
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus
1860_civil_conflict_in_Mount_Lebanon_and_Damascus
Province of the Byzantine Empire
droungarioi of Attaleia and Kos and the katepano who commanded the theme's Mardaites. These were the descendants of several thousand people transplanted from
Cibyrrhaeot_Theme
by Abdullah bin Al-Zubayr, So Abd al-Malik had to stop resisting the Mardaites and had to pay their leaders tributes in the form of dinars. Other principal
7th_century_in_Lebanon
According to interpretations of Maronite historian Theophilus of Edessa, Mardaites (possibly ancestors of today's Maronites) took over a swathe of land including
Timeline_of_Jerusalem
Marian shrine in Lebanon
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Our_Lady_of_Lebanon
Christian Zgharta Liberation Army (ZLA, a.k.a. Al-Marada, Marada Brigade, Mardaite Brigade) militia (1967–1991) the Christian Tyous Team of Commandos (TTC
List of weapons of the Lebanese Civil War
List_of_weapons_of_the_Lebanese_Civil_War
privileged status for Arabs and discrimination against non-Arabs. 752–760 Mardaite revolts Mount Lebanon and Abbasid Caliphate Lebanese Christians and Byzantine
List of revolutions and rebellions
List_of_revolutions_and_rebellions
Lebanese monk, priest and scholar (1808–1858)
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Nimatullah_Kassab
Naval force of the Byzantine Empire
needs of the navy, strengthening it by the resettlement of over 18,500 Mardaites along the southern coasts of the Empire, where they were employed as marines
Byzantine_navy
Maronite religious order
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Baladites
Capture of Syracuse in Sicily by the Aghlabids
insulted Muhammad daily, was taken apart and tortured to death. Only a few Mardaites from the Peloponnese along with some soldiers of the garrison were able
Siege_of_Syracuse_(877–878)
Province of the Byzantine Empire
chiefly in a maritime context, and had its own fleet, including a number of Mardaites as marines and rowers, under a tourmarches. Other tourmarchai and subordinate
Cephallenia_(theme)
Byzantine invasion of Crete (911–912)
177 and consisted of 34,200 oarsmen, 7140 soldiers, 700 Rus, and 5089 Mardaite merecenaries. The expedition set sail from Constantinople on October, 911
Cretan_expedition_(911–912)
Lebanese Maronite nun and saint (1832–1914)
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Rafqa_Pietra_Choboq_Ar-Rayès
the historian Michele Amari speculated that he was of Syrian, perhaps Mardaite, origin. Under Emperor Michael III (r. 842–867), he was appointed stratēgos
Nasar
Province of the Byzantine Empire
hinterland was completed. Thus Justinian II settled several thousand Mardaites in Hellas, who provided garrisons and crews for local naval squadrons
Hellas_(theme)
the Lebanese Civil War named after the legendary Marada (also called Mardaites) warriors of the early Middle Ages that fought on the external edge of
Sectarianism_in_Lebanon
Byzantine naval forces
strengthened under Emperor Justinian II, who settled several thousand Mardaites to serve as rowers and marines along the southern coasts of Asia Minor
Karabisianoi
Place in Beqaa, Lebanon
Levant in general as treating the conquered countries during wars, so the Mardaites started a series of revolts, starting in 752 (135 AH), and led by one
Qabb_Ilyas
Medieval Crusader castle in Lebanon
archaeological analysis. Renan also speculated that the castle might be Mardaite in origin, a claim subsequently refuted by Lammens. Architectural and archaeological
Castle_of_Smar_Jbeil
Maronite Muqaddam of Mount Lebanon
survives to this day as the Keserwan District. Baskinta County of Tripoli Mardaites Maronites Salibi, Kamal (September 1957). "The Maronites of Lebanon under
Kisra_of_Baskinta
Form of political sectarian nationalism
the Lebanese Civil War named after the legendary Marada (also called Mardaites) warriors of the early Middle Ages that fought on the external edge of
Maronite_politics
Episcopal see in the Maronite Church
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Bkerké
Decade
Callinicus I becomes the 71st patriarch of Constantinople, after Paul III. The Mardaites raid Muslim-held territories, from their chief stronghold Hagioupolis
690s
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
List of Maronite patriarchs of Antioch
List_of_Maronite_patriarchs_of_Antioch
Catholic monastic order in Lebanon
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Mariamite_Maronite_Order
Series of Mamluk military expeditions
topics of the core Lebanese population, the identity of the 7th-century Mardaites, and the significance of the local, Ottoman-era governor Fakhr al-Din
Kisrawan campaigns (1292–1305)
Kisrawan_campaigns_(1292–1305)
10th-century Greek-born naval officer of the Abbasid Caliphate
interpreted the element Wardāmī in his second Arabic name to mean that Leo was a Mardaite. The details of Leo's early career in the Muslim fleets are unknown, but
Leo_of_Tripoli
when a strategos named Marianos defeated an Arab army led by Maimun the Mardaite, they suffered a major strategic reversal with the loss of Tyana to Umayyad
Battle_of_Sis
Byzantine governor
emperor that his son, Aberkios, be appointed to the post of katepano of the Mardaites within the Cibyrrhaeot Theme. Emperor Alexander assented to this request
Niketas_(son_of_Ioube)
the governor's deputy. He came into conflict with the katepano of the Mardaites, a certain Staurakios Platys. Although both were proteges of the powerful
Eustathios (governor of the Cibyrrhaeot Theme)
Eustathios_(governor_of_the_Cibyrrhaeot_Theme)
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Antonins
Arab military commander (c. 617–c. 662)
centred on Qinnasrin, from where he was engaged in fighting against the Mardaites and the Byzantines. When Uthman was besieged at his home in Medina by
Habib_ibn_Maslama_al-Fihri
Capital of Koura District, Lebanon
John Maron’s nephew, Prince Ibrahim, together with Prince Masud of the Mardaites, led a successful counterattack at Amioun, defeating the Byzantine army
Amioun
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Joseph_Khoury
1995 book by Walid Phares
to the Arab Conquests of the 7th century AD/CE known as the Marada (or Mardaites). Phares summarize the resistance of the Marada states from 676 AD/CE
Lebanese Christian Nationalism: The Rise and Fall of an Ethnic Resistance
Lebanese_Christian_Nationalism:_The_Rise_and_Fall_of_an_Ethnic_Resistance
8th century Umayyad prince and military leader
retaliation for the defeat and death of the distinguished general Maimun the Mardaite the year before. The siege lasted through winter and the Arab army faced
Maslama_ibn_Abd_al-Malik
11th Century Byzantine General
time. François Lenormant described Abulchares as either a Maronite or Mardaite. Vera von Falkenhausen argued that he was an Arab, interpreting the name
Abulchares
City in Mount Lebanon Governorate
resulted in thousands of deaths. Bteghrine was used as a base for the Mardaites during their raids against the Arabs. According to Father Ibrahim Khalil
Bteghrine
Maronite Catholic eparchy jurisdiction in Canada
Portuguese Spanish History Maron Monastery of Saint Maron John Maron Mardaites County of Tripoli Ottoman rule 1860 conflict Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Saint Maron of Montreal
Maronite_Catholic_Eparchy_of_Saint_Maron_of_Montreal
Province of the Byzantine Empire
operations across the Adriatic into southern Italy, and hosted a contingent of Mardaites marines, probably under their own katepano. Warren Treadgold conjecturally
Nicopolis_(theme)
Maronite clerk (c. 1794–1861)
with the dynastic and feudal rulers of Mount Lebanon, beginning with the "Mardaite" rulers of the northern parts of the mountain before proceeding in separate
Tannus_al-Shidyaq
Settlement of Beirut on island in Beirut River
Umayyads, the rise of the Abbasids in 750 AD led to the escalation of Mardaite and Byzantine raids, subsequently, it became imperative for the Abbasid
History_of_Beirut
Maronite Christian family from Lebanon
through maternal descent from Ghazal al-Qaysi. Ghazal was one of the last Mardaite muqaddams of Mount Lebanon that maintained autonomy under the suzerainty
House_of_al-Dahdah
MARDAITES
MARDAITES
MARDAITES
MARDAITES
Girl/Female
Indian
Ray of light
Female
Polish
Polish form of Greek Xenia, KSENIA means "stranger, foreigner," but sometimes rendered "hospitable (esp. to foreigners)."
Girl/Female
Greek Hungarian
Light.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Presents, Gifts
Girl/Female
Tamil
Brithhi | பà¯à®°à¯€à®¤à¯à®¹à¯€
Strength
Girl/Female
Arabic, Russian
Smart
Male
Welsh
Variant spelling of Welsh Grippiud, GRIPIUD means "(?) chief/lord."
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
A Desire For Something
Girl/Female
Indian
One who enlightens others
Girl/Female
Greek Hungarian
Good.
MARDAITES
MARDAITES
MARDAITES
MARDAITES
MARDAITES