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Look up Lydian in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Lydian may refer to: Lydians, an ancient people of Anatolia Lydian language, an ancient Anatolian language
Lydian
Ancient Anatolian kingdom
Roman Empire. Its capital was Sardis. At some point before 800 BC, the Lydian people achieved a certain level of political cohesion, and existed as an
Lydia
Historical ethnic group
The Lydians (Greek: Λυδοί; known as Sparda to the Achaemenids, Old Persian cuneiform 𐎿𐎱𐎼𐎭) were an Anatolian people living in Lydia, a region in western
Lydians
1953 jazz music theory book by George Russell
The Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organization is a 1953 jazz music theory book written by George Russell. The book is the founding text of the Lydian
Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organization
Lydian_Chromatic_Concept_of_Tonal_Organization
Eleventh chord used in jazz music
In jazz music, the Lydian chord is the major 7♯11 chord, or ♯11 chord, the chord built on the first degree of the Lydian mode, the sharp eleventh being
Lydian_chord
Ancient Indo-European language
Lydian is an extinct Indo-European Anatolian language spoken in the region of Lydia, in western Anatolia (now in Turkey). The language is attested in graffiti
Lydian_language
Seven-tone musical scale
The modern Lydian mode is a seven-tone musical scale formed from a rising pattern of pitches comprising three whole tones, a semitone, two more whole tones
Lydian_mode
Indian musician
Lydian Nadhaswaram (born 5 September 2005) is an Indian Tamil musician from Chennai, Tamil Nadu. In 2019, he appeared on The World's Best on CBS and won
Lydian_Nadhaswaram
British jazz fusion band
Lydian Collective is a British jazz fusion band based in London. It started performing in 2013 and consists of Aaron ('Laszlo') Wheeler (keyboards), Todd
Lydian_Collective
Alphabet used to write the Lydian language
intended characters. Lydian script was used to write the Lydian language. Like other scripts of Anatolia in the Iron Age, the Lydian alphabet is based on
Lydian_alphabet
Ancient city in Turkey
Sardis (/ˈsɑːrdɪs/ SAR-diss) or Sardes (/ˈsɑːrdiːs/ SAR-deess; Lydian: 𐤮𐤱𐤠𐤭, romanized: Sfar; Ancient Greek: Σάρδεις, romanized: Sárdeis; Old Persian:
Sardis
King of Lydia from 585 or 561 to 547 BC
Persian king Cyrus the Great following the siege of Sardis. A son of the Lydian king Alyattes, Croesus ascended to the throne following a succession struggle
Croesus
Ancient religion in Iron Age Anatolia
The Lydian religion refers to the mythology, ritual practices and beliefs of the Lydians, an ancient people of Iron Age Anatolia. Based on limited evidence
Lydian_religion
Lydian International Limited is a multinational corporation with gold mining interests in Armenia and Georgia. Founded in 2005 the company is registered
Lydian_International
Fourth mode of the melodic minor scale
In music, the acoustic scale, overtone scale, Lydian dominant scale (Lydian ♭7 scale), or the Mixolydian ♯4 scale is a seven-note synthetic scale. It
Acoustic_scale
Chalcedony variety colored by iron oxide
finer grain than jasper, and less splintery than hornstone. It was the Lydian stone or touchstone of the ancients. It is mentioned and its use described
Jasper
Humanist typeface
Lydian is a calligraphic humanist sans-serif typeface designed by Warren Chappell for American Type Founders in 1938. It is available in bold, italic,
Lydian_(typeface)
Herodotus says the people were called Maeonians before they became known as Lydians. Herodotus and other sources refer to three dynasties: the Maeoniae, Heracleidae
List_of_kings_of_Lydia
Third mode of the melodic minor scale
In music, the Lydian augmented scale (Lydian ♯5 scale) is the third mode of the ascending melodic minor scale. Starting on C, the notes would be as follows:
Lydian_augmented_scale
Musical cadence popular in the 14th century
A Lydian cadence is a type of half cadence that was popular in the Ars nova style of the 14th and early 15th century. It is so-called because it evokes
Lydian_cadence
Alloy of gold and silver
of gold in electrum used in ancient Lydian coinage of the same geographical area. This suggests that the Lydians had already developed silver-refining
Electrum
Musical scale
The Romanian major scale also known as the Lydian Dominant ♭2 scale is a heptatonic scale subset of the octatonic scale with an omitted ♭3 degree. It is
Romanian_major_scale
Treasure amassed by Croesus
Kârun Treasure is the name given to a collection of 363 valuable Lydian artifacts dating from the 7th century BC and originating from Uşak Province in
Karun_Treasure
War in the Archaic Age in Ionia
The Lydian–Milesian War was a military conflict between the Kingdom of Lydia and the ancient Greek city state of Miletus. It took place during the 7th
Lydian–Milesian_War
6th-century BC battle between Lydian Kingdom and Achaemenid Empire
Battle of Thymbra was the decisive battle in the war between Croesus of the Lydian Kingdom and Cyrus II of the Achaemenid Empire. Cyrus, after he had pursued
Battle_of_Thymbra
6th-century Byzantine administrator and antiquarian scholar
John the Lydian or John Lydus (Greek: Ἰωάννης Λαυρέντιος ὁ Λυδός; Latin: Ioannes Laurentius Lydus) (AD 491 – c. 565) was a Byzantine administrator and
John_the_Lydian
Unicode character block
Lydian is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Lydian language of ancient Anatolia. The following Unicode-related documents record the
Lydian_(Unicode_block)
Sub-genre of jazz
of Lydian chords, based on the Lydian mode that was not widely used in jazz until about a decade later. Powell's 1951 Un Poco Loco uses the Lydian chords
Modal_jazz
5th century BC king of Lydia
Pythius (Ancient Greek: Πύθιος) is a Lydian mentioned in book VII of Herodotus' Histories, chh. 27-29 and 38-39. He is the son of Atys, and the grandson
Pythius
Lydian burial site
consisting of over 100 tumuli. Located near the Lydian capital city of Sardis, it served local elites during the Lydian and Achaemenid periods. Bin Tepe sits on
Bin_Tepe
American jazz pianist, composer, and theorist (1923–2009)
theory of harmony based on jazz rather than European music, in his book Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organization (1953). Russell was born in Cincinnati
George_Russell_(composer)
Extinct branch of Indo-European languages
AD) [unclassified] Proto-Palaic Palaic (16th–15th century BC) Proto-Lydian Lydian (8th–3rd century BC) Proto-Hittite (c. 2100 BC) Kanišite Hittite (c
Anatolian_languages
Area that comprised the west and northwestern region of Anatolia
Aeolis (/ˈiːəlɪs/; Ancient Greek: Αἰολίς, romanized: Aiolís), or Aeolia (/iːˈoʊliə/; Ancient Greek: Αἰολία, romanized: Aiolía), was an area that comprised
Aeolis
Founder of the Achaemenid Empire
part of the Lydian kingdom to revolt against their ruler. The offer was rebuffed, and thus Cyrus levied an army and marched against the Lydians, increasing
Cyrus_the_Great
Piano composition by Claude Debussy
between material based on the whole-tone scale, the Lydian mode and the diatonic scale, the Lydian mode functioning as an effective mediator between the
L'isle_joyeuse
Musical Scale
or minor chords. The 4th mode of the Neapolitan major, also known as the Lydian Dominant ♭6 scale, is an excellent choice for the 9 ♯11 ♭13 chord. Said
Neapolitan_scale
Luxembourgish-Spanish businessman
Lopez was president of the Lotus F1 Team. In 2022, Lopez launched The Lydian Group, a tech conglomerate operating across the digital assets space. In
Gérard_López
Type of musical scale and characteristic behaviors
of the region of the voice whenever we speak of Dorian, or Phrygian, or Lydian, or any of the other tones". Cleonides attributes thirteen tonoi to Aristoxenus
Mode_(music)
Musical scale with seven pitches
Dorian raised sixth Lydian augmented scale t-t-t-t-s-t-s combines the Lydian fourth with a raised fifth Acoustic scale or Lydian dominant scale t-t-t-s-t-s-t
Heptatonic_scale
Ethnic Greeks native to Asia Minor
The Asia Minor Greeks (Greek: Μικρασιάτες, romanized: Mikrasiates), also known as Anatolian Greeks or Mikrasiates, refers to the Greek populations who
Asia_Minor_Greeks
Country in Southeastern Europe and West Asia
fell in seventh century BC. They were replaced by Carians, Lycians and Lydians. These three cultures "can be considered a reassertion of the ancient,
Turkey
Pactyes was the Lydian put in charge of civil administration and gathering Croesus's gold when Lydia was conquered by Cyrus the Great of Persia around
Pactyes
Large cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments
writers including Herodotus and still marks the landscape today. Though Lydian elites also used other burial styles, tumuli are so numerous throughout
Necropolis
King of Lydia (fl. 7th century BC)
717–679 BC) was the founder of the Mermnad dynasty of Lydian kings and the first known king of the Lydian kingdom to have attempted to transform it into a
Gyges_of_Lydia
the first millennium BC/BCE. Notable early examples of coins include the Lydian lion coins, Persian daric and siglos, Tong Bei, the dirham and gold dinar
History_of_coins
21 — — Acoustic scale/ Lydian dominant scale Play 2742 (101010110110) 1 2 3 ♯4 5 6 ♭7 W-W-W-H-W-H-W (0,2,4,6,7,9,10) 7 Lydian Minor Aeolian mode/ natural
List of musical scales and modes
List_of_musical_scales_and_modes
Ancient Indo-European-speaking people of Anatolia
kingdom of their own. The Lydians repulsed the Cimmerians in the 620s, and Phrygia was subsumed into a short-lived Lydian empire. The eastern part of
Phrygians
King of Lydia (c. 635 – c. 585 BC)
Alyattes (Lydian language: 𐤥𐤠𐤩𐤥𐤤𐤯𐤤𐤮 Walweteś; Ancient Greek: Ἀλυάττης Aluáttēs; reigned c. 618 – c. 561 BC), sometimes described as Alyattes I
Alyattes
Hurro-Hittite goddess
In the first millennium BCE she was worshiped by Luwians, Arameans and Lydians, and references to her can be found in a number of Greek texts. The theonym
Kubaba_(goddess)
Approach in music theory
progression has a pitch axis of E. Satriani chooses[citation needed] E Lydian, E Aeolian, E Lydian, and E Mixolydian as the modes to use for each chord. The First
Pitch_axis_theory
Ancient Greek city in Ionia, modern Turkey
It was later called "on the Meander" to distinguish it from the nearby Lydian city Magnesia ad Sipylum. It was earlier the site of Leucophrys mentioned
Magnesia_on_the_Maeander
2020 Indian musical drama film directed by Shiv Hare
musical competition despite the poor background. The film stars newcomer Lydian Nadhaswaram along with Amit Riyaan, Yash Rane, Sachin Chaudhary, Tamanna
Atkan_Chatkan
Overview of ancient Greek music theory
seven "octave species" named after Greek regions and ethnicities – Dorian, Lydian, etc. This association of the ethnic names with the octave species appears
Musical system of ancient Greece
Musical_system_of_ancient_Greece
7th century B.C. military operation
Phrygian kingdom dissolved, and their hegemony was later transferred to the Lydians. Around 730 B.C., after the Assyrians took the eastern part of the Phrygian
Cimmerian_invasion_of_Phrygia
Region of ancient Asia-Minor
mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related
Caria
Phrygian and a Lydian scale with the same tonic resulted in what looked like a chromatic scale. Bartók's twelve-tone Phrygian/Lydian polymode, however
Polymodal_chromaticism
Alphabets in use in Iron Age Anatolia
The Lydian script, an alphabet used to record the Lydian language from ca. the 5th to 4th centuries BCE; a related script is the "Para-Lydian" alphabet
Alphabets_of_Anatolia
Invertor of coinage according to Aristotle
King Agammemnon of Kyme), or Erichthonios and Lycos of Athens, or the Lydians (as Xenophanes says) or the Naxians (as Anglosthenes thought) — Julius
Hermodike_II
Lydian coin
of coinage, and standard coinage, made by the Lydians: So far as we have any knowledge, they [the Lydians] were the first people to introduce the use of
Croeseid
Species of flowering plant
Genista lydia, Lydian broom, dwarf broom, or common woadwaxen (a name it shares with Genista tinctoria), is a species in the genus Genista, native to the
Genista_lydia
Aspect of Iranian history
seems that before the Persians issued their own coinage, a continuation of Lydian coinage under Persian rule is likely. Achaemenid coinage includes the official
Achaemenid_coinage
Battle between Persia and Lydia
the walls was responsible for that piece of Lydian hubris. Hyroeades, the Persian soldier, saw a Lydian soldier climbing down the walls to retrieve a
Siege_of_Sardis_(547_BC)
2024 film by Mohanlal
completely shot in 3D. The original score was composed by Mark Kilian, while Lydian Nadhaswaram, Fernando Guerreiro, and Miguel Guerreiro composed the songs
Barroz_3D
Pre-Roman civilization of Etruria (9th–1st century BC)
the Tyrrhenians in the East. In an account explicitly attributed to the Lydians themselves, part of the people of Lydia, led by Tyrrhenus, son of king
Etruscan_civilization
Median general
BC, a Lydian official named Pactyas, whom Cyrus had honored by making him a treasury official in his own government, raised an army of Lydians and Ionian
Mazares
Musical scale (raga) in Carnatic music
popularly called Yaman in Hindustani Music. Its Western equivalent is the Lydian mode. In South Indian weddings it is a very prominently played ragam. The
Kalyani_(raga)
Persian called Tabalus, and charging Pactyes, a Lydian, to take charge of the gold of Croesus and the Lydians, he (Cyrus the Great) himself marched away to
Tabalus
King of the Cimmerians
this invasion, in the seventh year of the reign of Gyges's son Ardys, the Lydians were defeated again and for a second time their capital Sardis was captured
Sandakšatru
note f♯ in the Lydian chromatic scale (Russell 2001, "The fundamental harmonic structure of the Lydian scale", Example 1:7, "The C Lydian scale", p. 5)
List_of_fifth_intervals
The Sardis bilingual inscription is a 4th-century BCE bilingual Lydian-Aramaic funerary inscription discovered in 1912, during the investigation by the
Sardis_bilingual_inscription
Anatolian ethnic group (c. 1300–100 BCE)
Histories wrote that the Mysians were brethren of the Carians and the Lydians, originally Lydian colonists in their country, and as such, they had the right to
Mysians
Philistine giant in the Bible
The name "Goliath" itself is non-Semitic and has been linked with the Lydian king Alyattes, which also fits the Philistine context of the biblical Goliath
Goliath
Small, flat and usually round piece of material used as money
Herodotus mentioned the innovation made by the Lydians: So far as we have any knowledge, they [the Lydians] were the first people to introduce the use of
Coin
1982 film by Steven Spielberg
played simultaneously. The Lydian mode can also be used in a polytonal way. Williams combined polytonality and the Lydian mode to express a mystic, dreamlike
E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial
1960 composition by John Coltrane
A♭ Lydian :‖ ‖ B♭ Phrygian | B♭ Dim. Scale (H-W) | B♭ Phrygian | B♭ Dim. Scale | ‖ B♭ Alt. (B Mel. Minor) | B♭ Phrygian | B♭ Mixolydian | E Lydian ‖ ‖
Naima
Overview of the historical development of the city of Ankara
the Hittites, in the 10th century BC by the Phrygians, and later by the Lydians, Persians, Macedonians, Galatians, Romans, Byzantines, Seljuks, and Ottomans
History_of_Ankara
Phrygian and Greek god
the jealousy of Zeus, who sent a wild boar to destroy the Lydian crops. Then certain Lydians, with Attis himself, were killed by the boar. Pausanias adds
Attis
Ancient Greek city in Asia Minor
city of Akhisar ("white castle"), Manisa Province. The name is probably Lydian. It lies in the far west of Turkey, southwest of Istanbul and east-northeast
Thyatira
Swiss banking software company
Objects", Finextra, 3 July 2008, retrieved 9 June 2010 "Temenos Acquires Lydian Associates To Enhance Business Intelligence Modules | Global Custodian"
Temenos_AG
Class of music scales with seven notes
Phrygian, Lydian, and Mixolydian modes of C major, plus the Aeolian and Ionian modes of F major when B♭ was substituted into the Dorian and Lydian modes of
Diatonic_scale
Musical scale
ideas about scales where the harmonic major scale was configured as a "Lydian diminished scale". In Hindustani and Carnatic music, the harmonic major
Harmonic_major_scale
Alphabet used to write the Lycian language
additional letters for sounds not found in Greek. It was largely similar to the Lydian and the Phrygian alphabets. The Lycian alphabet contains letters for 29
Lycian_alphabet
Ancient Iranian empire, 550–330 BC
Croesus' armies, but also led to the capture of Sardis and the fall of the Lydian Kingdom in 546 BC. Cyrus placed Pactyes in charge of collecting tribute
Achaemenid_Empire
World Heritage Committee in 1985. The latest inscription, Sardis and the Lydian Tumuli of Bin Tepe, was added to the list in 2025. In addition, Turkey has
List of World Heritage Sites in Turkey
List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Turkey
Musical scale
♭6, Freygish 1 ♭2 3 4 5 ♭6 ♭7 8 A B♭ C♯ D E F G A A A7 (♭9, 11, ♭13) 6 Lydian ♯2 1 ♯2 3 ♯4 5 6 7 8 A B♯ C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A A Amaj7 (♯9, ♯11, 13) 7 Super-Locrian
Harmonic_minor_scale
Camel trained and guided by humans for combat
by six to one. Acting on information from one of his generals that the Lydian horses shied away from camels, Cyrus formed the camels from his baggage
Camel_cavalry
Music theory concept
sharp–eleventh alteration. The tritone substitution primarily implies a Lydian dominant scale or Lydian minor scale. In the case of D♭7 to Cmaj7, the implied scale
Tritone_substitution
Categorizations of simultaneous or successive sounds
sole pitch difference between the major scale and the Lydian mode. (In another sense, that Lydian scale representing the provenance of the tonic chord
Consonance_and_dissonance
Musical scale comprising seven notes
scales, such as the harmonic major scale, the melodic major scale, and the Lydian and Mixolydian diatonic modes. The natural major scale is the diatonic Ionian
Major_scale
Extinct Anatolian Indo-European language
languages, alongside Hittite (central Anatolia), Luwic (southern Anatolia) and Lydian (western Anatolia). Its name in Hittite is palaumnili, or "of the people
Palaic_language
Region of ancient Asia Minor
Known for its warlike factions, it remained largely independent of the Lydians, and even the Persians, who conquered Anatolia in the 6th century BC, and
Pisidia
Greek god of the sky and king of the gods
locations. The poet Eumelos of Corinth (8th century BC), according to John the Lydian, considered Zeus to have been born in Lydia, while the Alexandrian poet
Zeus
Battle between Croesus of Lydia and Cyrus the Great of Persian Empire
fought in 547 BC between the Persian forces of Cyrus the Great and the Lydian forces of Croesus. Both armies suffered heavy casualties in this indecisive
Battle_of_Pteria
Form of song
and 6 are the authentic and plagal modes ending on F, sometimes called Lydian and Hypolydian. Modes 7 and 8 are the authentic and plagal modes ending
Gregorian_chant
Oceanic tectonic plate under the Pacific Ocean
van de Lagemaat, Suzanna H. A.; van Hinsbergen, Douwe J. J.; Boschman, Lydian M.; Kamp, Peter J. J.; Spakman, Wim (August 2018). "Southwest Pacific Absolute
Pacific_plate
Residents of the ancient Near East until the end of antiquity
spoken an Indo-European language, as there are possibly ancient Greek, Lydian, and Luwian traces in the limited information available about their tongue
Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples
Ancient_Semitic-speaking_peoples
Continent
Greeks assumed that Asia was named after the wife of Prometheus, but that Lydians say it was named after Asies, son of Cotys, who passed the name on to a
Asia
German composer (1770–1827)
thanks (Heiliger Dankgesang) to the Divinity, from a convalescent, in the Lydian mode". The next quartet to be completed was the String Quartet No. 13. In
Ludwig_van_Beethoven
Regional imperial polities since antiquity
Assyrians and Babylonians, and influential trade kingdoms, such as the Lydians and Phoenicians. In Anatolia, the Hittites were probably the first people
Middle_Eastern_empires
6th-century Byzantine official and law codifier
He was also a patrician and the consul ordinarius of 538. Both John the Lydian and Zacharias Rhetor report that John was a native of Caesarea, Cappadocia
John_the_Cappadocian
LYDIAN
LYDIAN
LYDIAN
LYDIAN
Boy/Male
Indian, Traditional
Bold
Girl/Female
Spanish
Nickname for Rosario.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Good policy (mother of Dhruva)
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Development; Expansion
Boy/Male
Tamil
Chandrabha | சஂதà¯à®°à®¾à®ªà®¾
Luster of Moon light
Girl/Female
Tamil
New beginning, Special (Celebrity Name: Kajol)
Girl/Female
Australian, British, Christian, Danish, English, French, German, Greek, Hebrew
Originally a Diminutive of Dorothea; Gift; From Doris
Boy/Male
Tamil
Wind, Divine
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English
Friend of Peace
Girl/Female
Muslim
Beautiful, Graceful
LYDIAN
LYDIAN
LYDIAN
LYDIAN
LYDIAN
n.
Lydian stone; basanite; -- so called because used to test the purity of gold and silver by the streak which is left upon the stone when it is rubbed by the metal. See Basanite.
a.
Of or pertaining to Lydia, a country of Asia Minor, or to its inhabitants; hence, soft; effeminate; -- said especially of one of the ancient Greek modes or keys, the music in which was of a soft, pathetic, or voluptuous character.
n.
Lydian stone, or black jasper, a variety of siliceous or flinty slate, of a grayish or bluish black color. It is employed to test the purity of gold, the amount of alloy being indicated by the color left on the stone when rubbed by the metal.