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See searches and references containing LUMBEE!LUMBEE
Mixed-race ethnic group in North Carolina
Lumbee, also known as People of the Dark Water, are a mixed-race people group of the Americas, some of whom comprise the federally recognized Lumbee Tribe
Lumbee
Federally-recognized tribe in North Carolina, United States
The Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina is a federally recognized tribe in North Carolina. The tribe represents Lumbee people. They received federal recognition
Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina
Lumbee_Tribe_of_North_Carolina
This is a list of notable Lumbee people, including members of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina. Pamela Brewington Cashwell, Secretary of the North Carolina
List_of_Lumbees
Nonprofit corporation
The Lumbee Regional Development Association (LRDA) is a nonprofit corporation, chartered by the State of North Carolina in 1968, organized to analyze and
Lumbee Regional Development Association
Lumbee_Regional_Development_Association
1958 KKK–Lumbee armed confrontation
confrontation between members of a Ku Klux Klan (KKK) organization and Lumbee people at a Klan rally near Maxton, North Carolina, United States, on the
Battle_of_Hayes_Pond
Ethnic group
Lumbee, Brass Ankles, Chestnut Ridge people, Dominickers, and Alabama Cajans, among others. Some descendants of the Lumbee, comprising the Lumbee Tribe
Racial isolates in the United States
Racial_isolates_in_the_United_States
tribes living in Baltimore belong to the Cherokee and Lumbee peoples. The Cherokee and Lumbee are Indigenous to North Carolina and neighboring states
History of Native Americans in Baltimore
History_of_Native_Americans_in_Baltimore
Historic Native American tribe
It is claimed that some descendants of the Hatteras may be part of the Lumbee community, but historian Karen Blu states that this assumption is speculative
Croatan
Mixed-race group from the South Central Appalachian region of the United States
referred to as Melungeon, including the Melungeons of Newman's Ridge, the Lumbee, the Chestnut Ridge people, and the Carmel Melungeons. Some modern researchers
Melungeon
American politician
and a specialist in American Indian Studies. Dial was a member of the Lumbee Tribe and a graduate of Pembroke State College, where he obtained a bachelor's
Adolph_Dial
American politician
for North Carolina's 47th House district since 2025 and as chair of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina since January 2022. A member of the Republican Party
John_Lowery_(politician)
African-American journalist, writer and film actor
Native-American journalist, writer and film actor, believed today to be of Lumbee descent, who, for a time, became internationally prominent as a spokesman
Chief Buffalo Child Long Lance
Chief_Buffalo_Child_Long_Lance
County in North Carolina, United States
Fayetteville-Lumberton-Pinehurst, NC Combined Statistical Area. The federally-recognized Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina is headquartered in Pembroke. The area eventually
Robeson County, North Carolina
Robeson_County,_North_Carolina
American Ku Klux Klan leader (1924–1967)
Cole directed his attention to the Lumbee in Robeson County. Cole is best known for his harassment of the Lumbee Natives of Robeson County, North Carolina
James_W._"Catfish"_Cole
to 1887. He supported the founding of the Croatan Normal School for the Lumbee people. The school later became University of North Carolina at Pembroke
Hamilton_McMillan
Public university in Pembroke, North Carolina, US
University of North Carolina system. Its history is intertwined with that of the Lumbee nation. UNC Pembroke offers more than 150 undergraduate and graduate degree
University of North Carolina at Pembroke
University_of_North_Carolina_at_Pembroke
River in North Carolina, United States
The Lumber River, sometimes referred to as the Lumbee River, is a 133-mile-long (214 km) river in south-central North Carolina in the flat Coastal Plain
Lumber_River
Leader of Civil War and post-Civil War insurgent gang in North Carolina
Lowry (c. 1845 – unknown after 1872) was an American outlaw of Tuscarora, Lumbee, and Scottish descent. He led the Lowry Gang in North Carolina during and
Henry_Berry_Lowry
Post-American Civil War conflict in North Carolina
and federal authorities. The conflict is named for Henry Berry Lowry, a Lumbee who led a gang which robbed area farms and killed public officials who pursued
Lowry_War
Multiracial ethnic group in the United States
Tribal Nation Melungeon Carmel Melungeons Creels of Creeltown Free Negro Lumbee Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina Moors Sundry Act of 1790 Ramapough Mountain
Brass_Ankles
American bread made with cornmeal
Malinda Maynor Lowery, a member of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina, has documented the foodways of the Lumbee people, who have their own tradition of
Cornbread
American professional wrestler (born 1961)
wrestler. He is signed to WWE, under a legends contract. He is citizen of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina. He is best known for his tenures in the World Wrestling
Tatanka_(wrestler)
American actress (born 1961)
Angeles (UCLA) and former colonel in the United States Marine Corps. She has Lumbee ancestry. She has three older siblings: Laurie, Mark and Colleen. While
Heather_Locklear
American politician (born 1956)
McIntyre was a well-known champion of the fight for federal recognition of the Lumbee Tribe, which has its tribal headquarters in his home county of Robeson and
Mike_McIntyre
Town in North Carolina, United States
Klan burned crosses on the lawns of two Lumbee families. A few nights later, on January 18, 1958, the Lumbee surrounded and disrupted a public Klan rally
Maxton,_North_Carolina
American politician
technician. He is a member of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina. From 2015 to 2021, he served as a member of the Lumbee Tribal Council, representing the
Jarrod_Lowery
Historical Native American tribe from the Carolinas, U.S.
between them and the Cheraw. One other federally recognized tribe, the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina in Robeson County, North Carolina, and the state-recognized
Cheraw
the vote. Trump's strongest performance among Native tribes was with the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina, where he won a strong majority in Robeson County
2020 United States presidential election
2020_United_States_presidential_election
State-recognized tribe in New Jersey
Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Tribal Nation Lenape Nation of Pennsylvania Lumbee Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina Ramapough Mountain Indians State-recognized
Powhatan_Renape_Nation
Town in North Carolina, United States
823 at the 2020 census. The town is the seat of the federally recognized Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina, as well as the home of the University of North
Pembroke,_North_Carolina
Native American applied mathematician and environmental consultant
Freda Porter (born 1957), a member of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina, is an applied mathematician and environmental scientist known as one of the first
Freda_Porter
State-recognized tribe in South Carolina, United States
presence of Hatchers, Dimerys, and Coopers within the Lumbee Tribe. Specifically, he traced the Lumbee Coopers back to Marlboro County and noted their claims
Waccamaw_Indian_People
are not citizens. In 1952, Lumbee people who were organized under the name Croatan Indians voted to adopt the name of "Lumbee," for the Lumber River near
Native American identity in the United States
Native_American_identity_in_the_United_States
American lawyer
Pierce (January 2, 1946 – March 25/26, 1988) was an American lawyer and Lumbee activist. Born in Hoke County, North Carolina, he became the first person
Julian_Pierce
American sheriff (1914–1987)
intimidate the local Lumbee population. Cole announced his intention to host a Klan rally near Pembroke, the center of the Lumbee community, to denounce
Malcolm_McLeod
1775–1783 conflict in North America
Tuscarora Catawba Lenape Chickasaw Choctaw Mohican Mi'kmaq Abenaki Pedee Lumbee Co-belligerents: Hesse Brunswick German mercenaries/auxiliaries Hesse-Kassel
American_Revolutionary_War
Group living in Sumter County, South Carolina
recognized as one of the core family names historically associated with the Lumbee. The Sumter Cheraw maintained that the Turks of South Carolina descended
Turks_of_South_Carolina
Indigenous peoples of the United States
US. Some Native American tribes who practice Christianity, including the Lumbee, organized denominations, such as the Lumber River Conference of the Holiness
Native Americans in the United States
Native_Americans_in_the_United_States
Flavor of ice cream
a commonly made flavor in the US, but it is a popular flavor within the Lumbee community of North Carolina. It is one of the more common flavors in Japan
Grape_ice_cream
American ethnic group
"of similar origin" to other mixed-race ethnic groups like the Croatans (Lumbee) of North Carolina, Redbones of Louisiana, and Melungeons of Appalachia
Delaware_Moors
Species of fish
The Sandhills chub (Semotilus lumbee) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae. There are 4 species of Semotilus
Sandhills_chub
Native American collegiate sorority
Winds, are Shannon Brayboy (Lumbee), Jamie Goins (Lumbee), Amy Locklear (Lumbee and Coharie), and Christie Strickland (Lumbee). Before forming the group
Alpha_Pi_Omega
County, North Carolina, United States in the 1700s and 1800s dominated by Lumbee Native Americans. The exact location of the community, the date of its creation
Scuffletown,_North_Carolina
One of the First Africans in Virginia (born c. 1615)
from Graweere, including ones in groups such as the Melungeons and the Lumbee. His surname was spelled a number of ways, Graweere, Gowen, Grasheare, Grashere
John_Graweere
Species of flowering plant
alumroot has been used by many Indigenous tribes in the past. For example, The Lumbee have used the herb to treat things like gastroenteritis, sore throats, ulcers
Heuchera_americana
American white supremacist hate group
homes of two Lumbee Native Americans for associating with white people in 1958. When the Klan held a nighttime rally nearby, hundreds of Lumbee surrounded
Ku_Klux_Klan
American politician and businessman (born 1977)
Violence Against Women Act. He cosponsored the Lumbee Fairness Act, which gave federal recognition to the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina. He also supported
Markwayne_Mullin
1917 African American protest in New York City
Mississippi Delaware Moors Dominickers Exodusters Great Migrators Gullah Lumbee Louisiana Mina Maroons Great Dismal Swamp Redbone Brandywine people Multiethnic
Silent_Parade
American drag performer
OG. Originally from Back Swamp, North Carolina, Jones is a member of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina. Stacy Jones is originally from Back Swamp, North
Stacy_Layne_Matthews
U.S. state
back to Roanoke: Investigating the Link between the Lost Colony and the Lumbee People of North Carolina". Digital Scholarship and Initiatives. Archived
North_Carolina
English Pennsylvania Dutch English Yeshiva English American Indian English Lumbee English Regional and local American English Northern American English Inland
List_of_dialects_of_English
Laws enforcing racial segregation in the U.S.
Americans". C-SPAN. Retrieved November 27, 2018. Lowery, Malinda Maynor (2010). Lumbee Indians in the Jim Crow South: Race, Identity, and the Making of a Nation
Jim_Crow_laws
Mixed-race ethnicity in Kentucky and Ohio from the antebellum era
Heinegg state that the Carmelites shared these free Black origins with the Lumbee, Redbones, Haliwa-Saponi, and Brass Ankles. According to genetic analysis
Carmel_Melungeons
Lower house of the North Carolina General Assembly
in Washington Republican John Lowery appointed to succeed Jarrod Lowery. Lumbee leader to join North Carolina statehouse as tribe's federal recognition
North Carolina House of Representatives
North_Carolina_House_of_Representatives
College football stadium in Pembroke, North Carolina
Grace P. Johnson Stadium at Lumbee Guaranty Bank Field is a 4,000-seat college football stadium located in Pembroke, North Carolina. The stadium, located
Grace_P._Johnson_Stadium
American basketball coach (born 1955)
born in Laurinburg, North Carolina, to parents who were members of the Lumbee Native American community of Deep Branch in Robeson County, North Carolina
Kelvin_Sampson
American politician
House of Representatives from the 47th district. Graham, a member of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina, was the only Native American who was serving in
Charles Graham (American politician)
Charles_Graham_(American_politician)
Social group defined by shared traits
4–7) Hobsbawm and Ranger (1983), The Invention of Tradition Sider 1993 Lumbee Indian Histories.[ISBN missing][page needed] Kolb, Eva (2009). The Evolution
Ethnicity
State-recognized tribe and non-profit organization based in Maryland
Indian Association Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Tribal Nation Dominickers Lumbee Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina Melungeon Carmel Melungeons Powhatan Renape
Piscataway-Conoy Tribe of Maryland
Piscataway-Conoy_Tribe_of_Maryland
Indigenous Algonquian tribes from Virginia, U.S.
Site Old Colony Cove Site Institutions Baltimore American Indian Center Other topics Brandywine people Lumbee Native American place names in Maryland
Powhatan
Failed colony in North America (1584–1590)
Hatteras, although evidence of this is circumstantial. The present-day Lumbee tribe identifies as descendants of both the Croatan and the Lost Colonists
Roanoke_Colony
Native American and First Nations ceremony
certain phases of the moon, or according to yearly cycles. Gertrude Allen, a Lumbee, reported that her father, an expert in healing with plants, stated that
Smudging
Dialects of the English Language spoken by Native Americans
shift, often one degree lower than standard English vowels. Old speakers of Lumbee English share the PRICE vowel, and some other pronunciation and vocabulary
American_Indian_English
the 574th tribe to gain federal recognition on December 20, 2019 and the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina the 575th on December 18, 2025. The website USA
List of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States
List_of_federally_recognized_tribes_in_the_contiguous_United_States
Muscogee Alabama Okchai Miccosukee Seminole Coushatta Chitimacha Cusabo Lumbee Occaneechi Natchez people Shakori Waccamaw Yuchi Southwestern Dené Apache
Racism against African Americans
Racism_against_African_Americans
Indigenous people of the Eastern Woodlands of North America
Site Old Colony Cove Site Institutions Baltimore American Indian Center Other topics Brandywine people Lumbee Native American place names in Maryland
Susquehannock
American politician (1948–2015)
Goins (August 31, 1948 – June 7, 2015) was a Lumbee politician who served as the chairman of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina from 2004 to 2010. As
Jimmy_Goins
Yankton Dakota author (1889–1971)
Retrieved 2020-06-20. "Introduction. Speaking of Indians. | The Lumbee Indians". lumbee.library.appstate.edu. Retrieved 2020-06-20. Deloria Jr., Vine.
Ella_Cara_Deloria
Lumbee Native American woman from North Carolina
(1849 – October 18, 1909), also known as the "Queen of Scuffletown", was a Lumbee woman from North Carolina. She allegedly helped her husband, Henry Berry
Rhoda_Strong_Lowry
When a person classified as one race is accepted as another
family ancestral to the Lumbee. Several racial isolate groups adopted a Portuguese identity, such as the Melungeons and Lumbee. Belle da Costa Greene was
Passing_(racial_identity)
White Americans who are not Hispanic
Muscogee Alabama Okchai Miccosukee Seminole Coushatta Chitimacha Cusabo Lumbee Occaneechi Natchez people Shakori Waccamaw Yuchi Southwestern Dené Apache
Non-Hispanic_whites
American lawyer
Locklear (born 1951) is an American lawyer of Native American origin from the Lumbee tribe. Locklear, who is often cited as the first Native American woman to
Arlinda_Locklear
Conference held June 13–20, 1961
possible a shared declaration. Among the key organizers were Lacy W. Maynor (Lumbee) and William C. Rickard (Tuscarora), the son of Clinton Rickard, founder
American Indian Chicago Conference
American_Indian_Chicago_Conference
Ethnic and cultural group in the United States
Mississippi Delaware Moors Dominickers Exodusters Great Migrators Gullah Lumbee Louisiana Mina Maroons Great Dismal Swamp Redbone Brandywine people Multiethnic
African_Americans
Lumbee political scientist
David E. Wilkins, a citizen of the Lumbee Nation, is a political scientist specializing in federal Indian policy and law. He is the E. Claiborne Robins
David_E._Wilkins
American law enforcement officer
department also oversaw the investigations of the high-profile murders of Lumbee activist Julian Pierce and James R. Jordan Sr., father of basketball player
Hubert_Stone
American citizens of Italian descent
Muscogee Alabama Okchai Miccosukee Seminole Coushatta Chitimacha Cusabo Lumbee Occaneechi Natchez people Shakori Waccamaw Yuchi Southwestern Dené Apache
Italian_Americans
Electric Membership Corporation Jones-Onslow Electric Membership Corporation Lumbee River Electric Membership Corporation New River Light & Power North Carolina
List of United States electric companies
List_of_United_States_electric_companies
American basketball coach (born 1985)
Kellen Sampson (born June 18, 1985) is an American college basketball coach who is an assistant coach for the Houston Cougars men's basketball team. Sampson
Kellen_Sampson
American politician and writer (born 1936)
granted federal recognition of a North Carolina Native American tribe, the Lumbee based in Robeson County. Dole was a member of the following U.S. Senate
Elizabeth_Dole
Private university in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, US
Jones became the first American Indian graduate in 1958. He was from the Lumbee nation. On February 23, 1960, ten Wake Forest students joined eleven students
Wake_Forest_University
Americans of English birth or descent
Muscogee Alabama Okchai Miccosukee Seminole Coushatta Chitimacha Cusabo Lumbee Occaneechi Natchez people Shakori Waccamaw Yuchi Southwestern Dené Apache
English_Americans
2025. Retrieved January 23, 2025. Trump backs federal recognition for Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina Reuters. January 23, 2025 O'Brien, Matt; Parvini
Timeline of the second Trump presidency (2025 Q1)
Timeline_of_the_second_Trump_presidency_(2025_Q1)
American historian
including The Legend of Henry Berry Lowry: Strike at the Wind and the Lumbee Indians of Robeson County which was published by Mississippi Quarterly in
Christopher Oakley (historian)
Christopher_Oakley_(historian)
Muscogee Alabama Okchai Miccosukee Seminole Coushatta Chitimacha Cusabo Lumbee Occaneechi Natchez people Shakori Waccamaw Yuchi Southwestern Dené Apache
Places in the United States with notable demographic characteristics
Places_in_the_United_States_with_notable_demographic_characteristics
Role in the war of 1861 to 1865
and the Lumbee of North Carolina sided with the Union. The Pamunkey provided civilian and naval piloting for Union vessels, while the Lumbee engaged in
Native Americans in the American Civil War
Native_Americans_in_the_American_Civil_War
Athletic teams representing University of North Carolina at Pembroke
institution founded for the benefit of American Indians and support from the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina, the school has largely been immune to the ongoing
UNC_Pembroke_Braves
American film historian (1932–2018)
planned on attacking him, as they were opposed to him teaching people of the Lumbee Nation. He went on to teach at Morgan State University was a visiting professor
Thomas Cripps (film historian)
Thomas_Cripps_(film_historian)
Americans of full or partial Palestinian descent
Muscogee Alabama Okchai Miccosukee Seminole Coushatta Chitimacha Cusabo Lumbee Occaneechi Natchez people Shakori Waccamaw Yuchi Southwestern Dené Apache
Palestinian_Americans
Congress recognized the Lumbee but denied them benefits received by other federally recognized tribes. Since the 1980s, the Lumbee have sought full federal
Demographics of North Carolina
Demographics_of_North_Carolina
State-recognized tribe in Maryland, US
Indian Association Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Tribal Nation Dominickers Lumbee Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina Melungeon Carmel Melungeons Powhatan Renape
Piscataway Indian Nation and Tayac Territory
Piscataway_Indian_Nation_and_Tayac_Territory
County in North Carolina, United States
rate was 7.3%. Scotland County has long had significant white, black, and Lumbee Indian populations. The Hispanic population grew in the early 21st century
Scotland County, North Carolina
Scotland_County,_North_Carolina
Demographic of Americans
Muscogee Alabama Okchai Miccosukee Seminole Coushatta Chitimacha Cusabo Lumbee Occaneechi Natchez people Shakori Waccamaw Yuchi Southwestern Dené Apache
Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans
Creek 41,897 5 Iroquois 40,471 6 Cherokee 37,730 7 Blackfeet 37,033 8 Chippewa 34,463 9 Lumbee 33,863 10 Navajo 31,057 11 Sioux 29,079 12 Apache 28,745
List of ethnic groups in the United States by household income
List_of_ethnic_groups_in_the_United_States_by_household_income
Genus of fishes
creek chub) Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill, 1817) (fallfish) Semotilus lumbee Snelson & Suttkus, 1978 (Sandhills chub) Semotilus thoreauianus D. S. Jordan
Semotilus
City in North Carolina, United States
newcomers to the area as a result of Fort Bragg. Since World War II, many Lumbee Indian families have moved northward from Robeson County and now constitute
Raeford,_North_Carolina
American indigenous activist (1937–2017)
documents were removed by AIM members and hidden by the Hatteras Tuscarora and Lumbee in Robeson County, N.C. The FBI would find the documents and many were returned
Dennis_Banks
United States Army Medal of Honor recipient
of 53, after undergoing surgery to treat a brain tumor. He was buried in Lumbee Memorial Park, Lumberton, North Carolina. A street, the former Community
Fred_Zabitosky
County in North Carolina, United States
constituting Hoke County were Tuscarora Native Americans. Ancestors of the Lumbee Native Americans lived in the area in the early 1700s. European settlers
Hoke_County,_North_Carolina
Muscogee Alabama Okchai Miccosukee Seminole Coushatta Chitimacha Cusabo Lumbee Occaneechi Natchez people Shakori Waccamaw Yuchi Southwestern Dené Apache
Race and ethnicity in the United States
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States
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