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Scientific analysis of chipped stone artifacts
lithic analysis is the analysis of stone tools and other chipped stone artifacts using basic scientific techniques. At its most basic level, lithic analyses
Lithic_analysis
Process of fashioning stones or rocks into tools and weapons
many archaeological industries are identified almost entirely by the lithic analysis of the precise style of their tools and the chaîne opératoire of the
Lithic_reduction
Process of understanding a complex topic or substance
Bowling analysis – Analysis of the performance of cricket players Lithic analysis – the analysis of stone tools using basic scientific techniques Lithic analysis
Analysis
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up lithic or lithics in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Lithic may refer to: Relating to stone tools Lithic analysis, the analysis of stone tools
Lithic
Term in anthropology
chaîne opératoire was born out of archaeologists' interest in elevating lithic analysis beyond simple typology. Building an object's chaîne opératoire is an
Chaîne_opératoire
In archaeology, a stone artifact left over from toolmaking
In archaeology, a lithic core is a distinctive artifact that results from the practice of lithic reduction. In this sense, a core is the scarred nucleus
Lithic_core
Stone, bronze and iron ages of pre-history
popular one. His view was based on what may be the first in-depth lithic analysis of the objects in his collection, which led him to believe that they
Three-age_system
Archeological term; material produced during the process of lithic reduction
process of lithic reduction – the production of stone tools and weapons by knapping stone. This assemblage may include the different kinds of lithic flakes
Debitage
Type of stone tool
archaeology, a lithic blade is a type of stone tool created during lithic reduction by striking a long narrow flake from a stone core. Lithic blades are generally
Lithic_blade
Objects used by humans
process of lithic analysis: petrographic analysis, neutron activation, x-ray fluorescence, particle-induced x-ray emission, individual flake analysis and mass
Artifact_(archaeology)
Primitive weapon component
prehistoric trade. A distinctive form of point, identified though lithic analysis of the way it was made, is often a key diagnostic factor in identifying
Projectile_point
Cave in Western Australia
hypothesized the use of resin on hafted tools, though sedimentary analysis and lithic analysis contradict this theory; there is inconclusive evidence for both
Devil's_Lair
Prehistoric period before metal tools
diagnostics of date, rather than characterizing the people or the society. Lithic analysis is a major and specialised form of archaeological investigation. It
Stone_Age
United States historic place
approximately 7,000 artifacts scattered over at least 37 acres for lithic analysis. Additionally, there is a large number of “astoundingly reworked” fluted
Shoop_Site_(36DA20)
Lithic scatter consists primarily of lithic flakes and other stone tool use remnants. Scatter occurs in surface areas that have often been disturbed by
Lithic_scatter
Portion of rock removed from an objective piece by percussion or pressure
be removed from polyhedral blade cores, another common lithic feature of Paleo-Indian lithic culture. Prismatic blades are often triangular in cross
Lithic_flake
Naturally occurring volcanic glass
various tribes in California. Lithic analysis helps to understand pre-Hispanic groups in Mesoamerica. A careful analysis of obsidian in a culture or place
Obsidian
Pleistocene geological formation in East Africa
ISSN 0263-0338. Tryon, Christian A. (April 2006). ""Early" Middle Stone Age Lithic Technology of the Kapthurin Formation (Kenya)". Current Anthropology. 47
Kapthurin_Formation
In lithic analysis (a subdivision of archaeology), an eraillure is a flake removed from a lithic flake's bulb of force, which is a lump left on the ventral
Eraillure
definitions) by Bill Dickinson in 1970. Lithic fragments can be derived from sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic rocks. A lithic fragment is defined using the Gazzi-Dickinson
Lithic_fragment_(geology)
Characteristic in archaeology
In lithic analysis, a subdivision of archaeology, a bulb of applied force (also known as a bulb of percussion or simply bulb of force) is a defining characteristic
Bulb_of_applied_force
Pre-Clovis archaeological site in Texas
people making and using the distinctive Clovis "point" and its associated lithic technology were the first to arrive about 13,500 calendar years ago and
Gault_(archaeological_site)
First stage of the Upper Paleolithic
the period, reveals that these groups practiced a curated lithic economy (sensu lithic analysis). This involved long‑distance transport of high‑quality
Initial_Upper_Paleolithic
Outer layer of rock often removed when creating stone tools
In lithic analysis in archaeology, the cortex is the outer layer of rock formed on the exterior of raw materials by chemical and mechanical weathering
Cortex_(archaeology)
American anthropologist (born 1957)
upper-level courses focused in Hunter-Gathers, North American Archaeology, Lithic Analysis, and Human Behavioral Ecology. Kelly's interest in archaeology began
Robert_L._Kelly
Aspect of Mesoamerican material culture
significant contributor to Mesoamerica's lack of metallurgy. Lithic and contextual analysis of obsidian, including source studies, are important components
Obsidian_use_in_Mesoamerica
Ancient production techniques
In archaeology, lithic technology includes a broad array of techniques used to produce usable tools from various types of stone. The earliest stone tools
Lithic_technology
via a splitting process known as lithic reduction. One simple form of reduction is to strike stone flakes from a lithic core of material using a hammerstone
Stone_tool
Prehistoric period in Mesoamerica
spear points facilitates hunting of big game. Elsewhere Lithic period in North America Lithic period in Belize Other Paleo-Indians Archaeology of the
Lithic_period_in_Mesoamerica
Possible Upper Paleolithic archaeological site in Zacatecas, Mexico
Cave. He claims that there was not enough detail provided on how the lithic analysis was conducted. He also recommends that Ardelean should have excavated
Chiquihuite_cave
Analysis of traces of use in archeology
organic residues present on a lithic. The organic residues are analyzed in order to understand the activities the lithics were used for such as butchering
Use-wear_analysis
Medieval cathedral in France
portals, but the layouts were changed by successive masters, see careful lithic analysis by John James. Either way, most of the carving follows the exceptionally
Chartres_Cathedral
First hominin expansion into Eurasia (2.1–0.1 Ma)
hominin dispersals observed in the fossil record around this time. Lithic analysis implies that Oldowan hominins were not predators. However, Homo erectus
Early expansions of hominins out of Africa
Early_expansions_of_hominins_out_of_Africa
Study of human activity based on materials left behind
sub-disciplines characterized by a specific method or type of material (e.g., lithic analysis, music, archaeobotany), geographical or chronological focus (e.g. Near
Archaeology
Municipality in Nueva Ecija, Philippines
lithic traditions than previously assumed. The Arubo 1 Archaeological Site is notable as one of the earliest and most significant Paleolithic lithic assemblages
General_Tinio
List of academic sub-disciplines
Sub-discipline of Archaeology Calceology – Study of footwear Lithic analysis – Scientific analysis of chipped stone artifacts Folklore research Numismatics –
Subfields_of_archaeology
Typological classification of stone tools
typological classification of stone tools. An industry consists of a number of lithic assemblages, typically including a range of different types of tools, that
Industry_(archaeology)
Distinctive type of stone knapping technique used by ancient humans
sophisticated than earlier methods of lithic reduction, involving the striking of lithic flakes from a prepared lithic core. A striking platform is formed
Levallois_technique
American archaeologist and paleoanthropologist
Pargeter, John J. Shea (2019) Going big vs. going small: Lithic miniaturization in hominin lithic technology. Evolutionary Anthropology 28 (2): 72–85. Hildebrand
John_Shea_(archaeologist)
Classification of archaeological artifacts according to their physical characteristics
landscapes. Taxonomy (general) Taxonomy (biology) Seriation (archaeology) Lithic analysis Doran, J.E.; Hodson, F.R. (1975). Mathematics and Computers in Archaeology
Typology_(archaeology)
Late Archaic period Indian archaeological site in Iowa
identified include a discard area and a deep feature of unknown function. Lithic analysis reveals that the site occupants probably recently traveled along the
Edgewater_Park_Site
Application of scientific techniques to archaeology
the development of new methods of conservation Techniques such as lithic analysis, archaeometallurgy, paleoethnobotany, palynology and zooarchaeology
Archaeological_science
Archaeological site in British Columbia, Canada
Bakewell, and Rob Gargett. "The world's longest-lived corporate group: Lithic analysis reveals prehistoric social organization near Lillooet, British Columbia
Keatley Creek archaeological site
Keatley_Creek_archaeological_site
Type of prehistoric stone artifact
Ma, Dongdong; Li, Hao; Marwick, Ben (1 June 2026). "Spherical harmonic analysis of faceted spheroids identifies shaping strategies and standardisation
Spheroid_(lithic)
Archaeological theory
Asians is a result of long-standing continuity. Turner created a cluster analysis of MMD values in order to test existing hypotheses of origins, concluding
Two_layer_hypothesis
Archaeological site in Penghu, Taiwan
ago. The environments of the four prehistoric lithic workshops are as follows: Nankang Prehistoric Lithic Workshop Site: It is located at the coastal roadside
Chimei_lithic_workshops
American anthropologist
is known for his works on North American prehistory. Contemporary Lithic Analysis in the Southeast: Problems, Solutions, and Interpretations. The University
Philip_J._Carr
Prehistoric period: Copper Age
analysis of six archaeological sites determined a marked downward trend in not only material quality, but also in aesthetic variation in the lithic artefacts
Chalcolithic
Stone age tool
In archaeology and the field of lithic reduction, a burin /ˈbjuːrɪn/ (from the French burin, meaning "cold chisel" or modern engraving burin) is a type
Burin_(lithic_flake)
New World prehistoric projectile
resharpen them or repair damage. This can make it difficult to identify which lithic tradition they come from. Clovis type description: Clovis is a comparatively
Clovis_point
Filipino archaeologist (born 1966)
Archeology of the University of the Philippines Diliman. He specializes in lithic analysis, ceramic petrology, soil micromorphology, paleolithic archaeology and
Armand_Mijares
Woodland Periods, and it is classified as a lithic quarry site due to the presence of thousands of lithic artifacts found there. Located in the Carolina
Two_Dogs_Site
Type of stone tool
knapping, a process of producing stone tools using lithic reduction. Lithic reduction is the removal of a lithic flake from a larger stone in order to reach
Flake_tool
American archaeologist (1948–2017)
debitage from the creation of lithic cores. Their conclusion was that flakes themselves were the desired tool in lithic reduction, which was supported
Lawrence_H._Keeley
Stone tool
bifacial (with two wide sides or faces) and almond-shaped (amygdaloid) lithic flake. Hand axes tend to be symmetrical along their longitudinal axis and
Hand_axe
Remnants of blood in forensic science
haemotaphonomy of experimental human bloodstains on techno-prehistoric lithic raw materials". Journal of Archaeological Science. 29 (7): 733–739. Bibcode:2002JArSc
Blood_residue
reshaping understanding of early human migration in Island Southeast Asia. Lithic analysis became an increasingly important component of Philippine archaeology
Archaeology of the Philippines
Archaeology_of_the_Philippines
Rock shelter in South Africa
la Peña and colleagues later analyzed lithics from the same layers at Border Cave. A majority of these lithic raw materials were rhyolite or basalt,
Border_Cave
American Paleolithic archaeologist
Archaeological Data and Implications for Interpreting Prehistoric Lithic Technological Strategies". Lithic Technology. 22 (2): 150–170. doi:10.1080/01977261.1997
Harold_L._Dibble
survey electrical resistance survey Sondage Burnt layer Excavation Lithic analysis Post-excavation Sub-disciplines Chronological Prehistoric Protohistoric
List_of_Assyriologists
Type of stone used to produce stone tools
awls, adzes, and axes. Cupstone Lithic technology Andrefsky Jr., William (2005). Lithics: Macroscopic Approaches to Analysis (Second ed.). Cambridge University
Tool_stone
Stone hand-tool
technically designated as "modified flakes," for lithic analysis purposes a modified flake is usually defined as a lithic flake with one or more edges that were
Uniface
Overview of and topical guide to archaeology
robbing Ground-penetrating radar Harris matrix Law of superposition Lithic analysis Post excavation Projectile point Radiocarbon dating Relationship Seriation
Outline_of_archaeology
Academic journal
the theory of prehistoric archaeology, with a particular focus on lithic analysis and quantitative methods. However, some articles also addressed issues
Dialektikê
Prehistoric stone tool
hammerstone is a hard cobble used to strike off lithic flakes from a lump of tool stone during the process of lithic reduction. The hammerstone is a rather universal
Hammerstone
Australian archaeologist (1942–2026)
edition was published in 2010. Attenbrow was an expert contributor to a lithics workshop hosted at the Australian Museum and funded by the Australian Institute
Val_Attenbrow
Hypothesis for ancient human migrations to the Americas
their unique lithic technique, migrated to North America along pack ice in the Atlantic Ocean. Once they made it to North America, their lithic technique
Solutrean_hypothesis
Academic department at UCL
laboratories for conservation teaching and research, GIS, photography, lithic analysis and for environmental teaching and research activities. The Institute
UCL_Institute_of_Archaeology
American archaeologist
months at the Lithic Laboratory of the Ohio Historical Society. It was during this period that Crabtree was called upon as an advisor in lithic studies to
Don_Crabtree
Mayan archaeological site
(2009). Elite Craft Producers, Artists, and Warriors at Aguateca: Lithic Analysis. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. ISBN 978-0-87480-959-6.
Aguateca
Australian archaeologist
to lithic analysis. He has produced major works developing and refining indices of reduction for retouched flakes. In addition to his work on lithic technology
Peter_Hiscock
Prehistoric tool type
unifacial tools thought to have been used for hideworking and woodworking. Many lithic analysts maintain that the only true scrapers are defined on the base of
Scraper_(archaeology)
American archeologist (born 1973)
research on several topics, including coastal archaeological survey, lithic analysis, site formation processes, and colonial-era ethnohistory. Ives supports
Timothy_Ives
Type of stone tool
denticulate tools only made up a small number of the lithic tools found at this site. The lithic tools found at this site were made from local non-flint
Denticulate_tool
Village in Krasnoyarsk, Russia
the Kotuy river that Zhdanikha is adjacent to, but excavations and lithic analysis imply that the village as it is known today was likely first inhabited
Zhdanikha
was the Lithic period, sometimes alternately called the Early Archaic period. It was a period characterised by the use of stone tools, or lithics, as the
History of Andean South America
History_of_Andean_South_America
Type of sedimentary rock
composition from NaAlSi3O8 to CaAl2Si2O8. Lithic framework grains (also called lithic fragments or lithic clasts) are pieces of ancient source rock that
Sandstone
Prehistoric period, second part of the Stone Age
of life, and the development of more sophisticated and typically smaller lithic tools and weapons. Agriculture is considered as the transition to the Neolithic
Mesolithic
Later Mesolithic period ends around 4000 BC and is followed by a Neolithic lithic (stone tool) tradition based on hard and soft hammer percussion, indirect
Irish_Mesolithic
Archaeological site in Wyoming, U.S.
1,600+ ocher pieces. Crossover immunoelectrophoresis and microwear lithic analysis were conducted on the recovered stone tools detail use in butchery
La_Prele_Mammoth_Site
Natural mummy of a man
Baumgarten, B., Pedrotti, A., Pernter, P. and Pelegrin, J. (2018) "The Iceman's lithic toolkit: Raw material, technology, typology and use". PLOS ONE, 13(6): e0198292
Ötzi
Proposed Upper Paleolithic European industry
Vincent (2017). "Before the transition? The final middle Palaeolithic lithic industry from the Grotte du Renne (layer XI) at Arcy-sur-Cure (Burgundy
Châtelperronian
Japanese prehistorian and lithic expert
XVIII: 45–58. Ohnuma, K (1998). Lithic Artifacts from Haditha, Iraq. Al-Rafidan XIX: 33–52. Ohnuma, K (2002). Lithic Artifacts from Tell Taban, Hassake
Katsuhiko_Ohnuma
Millennium between 14,000 BC and 13,001 BC
presence of humans at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter site in Pennsylvania, where Lithic artefacts and hearths were found. Development of the magdalénian civilisations
14th_millennium_BC
European Upper Paleolithic culture
diachronic discontinuities and regionalization: The contribution of the analysis of the lithic industries from Grotta della Serratura (Strata 10-9) in the definition
Epigravettian
Archaeological industry of the European Upper Paleolithic
système technique lithique" [Does the Gravettian exist? The prism of the lithic technical system]. In Marcel Otte (ed.). Les Gravettiens. Civilisations
Gravettian
Late Upper Paleolithic culture
Site in Late Paleolithic – Intrasite Analysis of Large Hamburgian Encampment in Myszęcin, Western Poland". Lithic Technology. 47 (2): 106–116. doi:10.1080/01977261
Hamburg_culture
Archaeological site in California, United States
limestone). The Calico Early Man Site includes: Artifacts of the Lake Manix Lithic Industry (LMLI) found on and just below the surface at elevations greater
Calico_Early_Man_Site
Prehistoric ivory sculpture discovered in the Hohlenstein-Stadel, a cave in Germany
II just one week later meant that the fieldwork was left incomplete and analysis of the finds was not undertaken. The excavation trenches were back-filled
Lion-man
Archaeological industry of the European Upper Paleolithic
The Solutrean has relatively finely worked, bifacial points made with lithic reduction percussion and pressure flaking rather than flintknapping. Knapping
Solutrean
Topics referred to by the same term
transcribing RNA Termination type, in lithic reduction, a characteristic indicating the manner in which the distal end of a lithic flake detaches from a core Chain
Termination
American archaeologist
Anthropologist 7:93–104. •Broster, J. B., and M. R. Norton. 1990. Lithic Analysis and Paleo-Indian Utilization of the Twelkemeier Site (40HS173). Tennessee
John_Broster
Cave and archaeological site in Pakistan
scrapers, quartz tools, blades, flakes, etc. Bhimbetka rock shelters Lithic analysis Upinder Singh (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India:
Sanghao_Cave
Classification term given to the first peoples who entered the American continents
Paleo-Indians are generally classified by lithic reduction or lithic core "styles" and by regional adaptations. Lithic technology fluted spear points, like
Paleo-Indians
Period in African prehistory
standardization in site excavation and lithic classification was, until recently, lacking. Unlike northern Africa, shifts between lithic technologies were not nearly
Middle_Stone_Age
American archaeologist (1971–2010)
a range of classes in the anthropology department including lithic analysis, lab analysis, Hawaiian archaeology and Anthropology 101. Bollt, Robert J
Robert_Bollt
Journal of Alabama Archaeology. 51 (1–2). Wilmsen, Edwin (1971). Lithic Analysis and Cultural Inference: A Paleo-Indian Case. Tucson, Arizona: Anthropological
Quad_site
Stone tool
been found on some of these finds. Specialists have carried out lithic or microwear analysis on artefacts, but it has sometimes proved difficult to distinguish
Microlith
Prehistoric carving found in France
Grooves Langdale axe industry Levallois technique Lithic core Lithic reduction analysis debitage flake Lithic technology Magdalenian culture Metallurgy Microblade
Bison_Licking_Insect_Bite
radiocarbon modelling, ancient DNA analysis, micromorphology, archaeobotany, archaeozoology, isotopic studies, and lithic analysis. Svinjarička Čuka lies in southern
Svinjarička_Čuka
LITHIC ANALYSIS
LITHIC ANALYSIS
Boy/Male
Hindu
Undefeatable
Boy/Male
Hindu
From the heart, Stream
Boy/Male
Hindu
Exciting
Boy/Male
Hindu
Boy/Male
Hindu
Boy/Male
English, Latin
King; Emperor
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
King; Way to Right Path; Leader of Good Way
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Beautiful
Girl/Female
Teutonic
Noble humor.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Governor, Moment in time
Girl/Female
Greek
Forgetful.
Surname or Lastname
Polish, German, and Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic)
Polish, German, and Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic) : from Polish litwin, an ethnic name for someone from Lithuania (Polish Litwa, Lithuanian Lietuva, a word of uncertain etymology, perhaps a derivative of the river name Leità ). In the 14th century Lithuania was an independent grand duchy which extended from the Baltic to the shores of the Black Sea. It was united with Poland in 1569, and was absorbed into the Russian empire in 1795. The region referred to as Lite in Ashkenazic culture encompassed not only Lithuania but also Latvia, Estonia, Belarus, parts of northern Ukraine, and parts of northeastern Poland.English : from an Old English personal name, Lēohtwine, composed of the elements lēoht ‘light’, ‘bright’ + wine ‘friend’.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Cute and Perfect
Boy/Male
Hebrew, Indian, Malayalam, Tamil
Undefeatable; Gold; Always the Conqueror; Winner
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Kingdom
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Master of Justice
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Bithiah, BITHIA means "daughter of God."
Girl/Female
Latin
Honest.
Boy/Male
Indian, Kannada, Tamil
Beautiful Like Pearl
Boy/Male
Hindu
Master of the right way, Master of the right path, Principle
LITHIC ANALYSIS
LITHIC ANALYSIS
Girl/Female
Muslim
Calm, Peace, Staying
Boy/Male
Indian
Servant of the most powerful
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Dutch, English, French, Greek, Indian, Irish, Latin, Lebanese, Telugu
Follower of Christ; Anointed; Anointed Christian
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Abiding
Female
Scottish
Pet form of Scottish Aileen, EILIDH means "beauty, radiance."
Boy/Male
Irish
Rules the home.
Boy/Male
Indian, Traditional
Love
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Vision of Guru
Boy/Male
Muslim
Handsome. Good looking.
Girl/Female
Afghan, Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Virtuous
LITHIC ANALYSIS
LITHIC ANALYSIS
LITHIC ANALYSIS
LITHIC ANALYSIS
LITHIC ANALYSIS
n.
The fruit of a tree native to China (Nephelium Litchi). It is nutlike, having a rough but tender shell, containing an aromatic pulp, and a single large seed. In the dried fruit which is exported the pulp somewhat resembles a raisin in color and form.
a.
Having the nature and qualities of glass; glasslike; -- distinguished from ceramic.
n.
A medicine which tends to prevent stone in the bladder.
n.
The style described in Gothic, a., 2.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or containing, nitrogen; specifically, designating any one of those compounds in which, as contrasted with nitrous compounds, the element has a higher valence; as, nitric oxide; nitric acid.
n.
The oxide of lithium; a strong alkaline caustic similar to potash and soda, but weaker. See Lithium.
a.
See Mythic.
n.
See Litchi.
a.
See Sothic.
a.
Mild; calm; as, lithe weather.
a.
Pertaining to or denoting lithium or some of its compounds.
prep.
In the limits or compass of; not further in length than; as, within five miles; not longer in time than; as, within an hour; not exceeding in quantity; as, expenses kept within one's income.
n.
The language of the Lettic race, including Lettish, Lithuanian, and Old Prussian.
prep.
In the inner or interior part of; inside of; not without; as, within doors.
a.
Pertaining to the formation of uric-acid concretions (stone) in the bladder and other parts of the body; as, lithic diathesis.
a.
Of or pertaining to stone; as, lithic architecture.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the citron or lemon; as, citric acid.
a.
Capable of being easily bent; pliant; flexible; limber; as, the elephant's lithe proboscis.
adv.
In the house; in doors; as, the master is within.
a.
Pertaining to the Goths; as, Gothic customs; also, rude; barbarous.