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Metabolic pathway for the catabolism of D-galactose
The Leloir pathway is a metabolic pathway for the catabolism of D-galactose. It is named after Luis Federico Leloir, who first described it. In the first
Leloir_pathway
Argentine physician and biochemist (1906–1987)
of the metabolic pathways by which carbohydrates are synthesized and converted into energy in the body. Although born in France, Leloir received the majority
Luis_Federico_Leloir
Monosaccharide sugar
the Leloir pathway; humans and other species, however, have been noted to contain several alternate pathways, such as the De Ley Doudoroff Pathway. The
Galactose
Class of enzymes
plant, and mammalian cells. This enzyme performs the final step in the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism, catalyzing the reversible conversion of UDP-galactose
UDP-glucose_4-epimerase
Metabolic process
galactose is converted through the Leloir Pathway into derivatives that subsequently enters the glycolysis pathway to be further broken down for energy
Galactolysis
Biochemical process involving the production of fats
lipids to peripheral tissues. Enzymatically, the glycerol-3-phosphate pathway occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum where it is acylated by glycerol-3-phosphate
Lipogenesis
Enzyme
molecule of ATP. Galactokinase catalyzes the second step of the Leloir pathway, a metabolic pathway found in most organisms for the catabolism of α-D-galactose
Galactokinase
Non-profit Research Center
earned him the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physiology. This became known as “Leloir's pathway” and was a significant advance for biochemistry. As a consequence of
Leloir_Institute
Metabolic disorder inhibiting the breakdown of galactose
converted into glucose by the action of three enzymes, known as the Leloir pathway. There are diseases associated with deficiencies of each of these three
Galactosemia
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
α-aldose to the β-anomer. This enzyme catalyzes the first step of the Leloir pathway, which is involved in galactose metabolism. It belongs to family of
Galactose_mutarotase
Metabolic enzyme which converts galactose into glucose
Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT) catalyzes the second step of the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism, namely: UDP-glucose + galactose 1-phosphate
Galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
Galactose-1-phosphate_uridylyltransferase
Enzyme
by PC is an important intermediate, which is used in these biosynthetic pathways. In mammals, PC is expressed in a tissue-specific manner, with its activity
Pyruvate_carboxylase
Chemical compound
metabolism of galactose-1-phosphate is a characteristic of galactosemia. The Leloir pathway is responsible for such metabolism of galactose and its intermediate
Galactose_1-phosphate
Medical condition
variant galactosemia) Leloir metabolic pathway: Galactose-1Puridylyltransferase (GALT, red font) is the middle enzyme in the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism
Duarte_galactosemia
Operon
Thoden, James B. (2003-11-07). "Structure and function of enzymes of the Leloir pathway for galactose metabolism". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278
Gal_operon
Chemical compound
hepatitis is depletion of the energy source of hepatocytes. In the Leloir pathway galactosamine is metabolized into galactosamine-1-phosphate (by galactokinase)
Galactosamine
Hereditary metabolic disorder
Galactokinase catalyzes the first step of galactose phosphorylation in the Leloir pathway of intermediate metabolism. Galactokinase deficiency is one of the three
Galactokinase_deficiency
Chemical compound
from a galactose molecule which is an epimer of glucose, and via the Leloir pathway, it is used be used as a precursor for the metabolism of glucose into
Uridine_diphosphate_galactose
Argentine glycobiologist
the University of Buenos Aires. His PhD work was done under Luis Federico Leloir, a recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work involving the
Armando_J._Parodi
Naturally produced monosaccharide
glucose) received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. In 1970, Luis Leloir was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of glucose-derived
Glucose
Medical condition
Type III galactosemia. Blockage of the Leloir pathway by GALE deficiency or dysfunction activates alternate pathways of glucose metabolism and leads to galactitol
Galactose epimerase deficiency
Galactose_epimerase_deficiency
6-phosphotransferase. It participates in starch and sucrose metabolism. LELOIR LF, TRUCCO RE, et al. (1949). "The formation of glucose diphosphate by Escherichia
Glucose-1-phosphate phosphodismutase
Glucose-1-phosphate_phosphodismutase
New Zealand professor of biochemistry
Federico Leloir and collaborated with him on ketogenesis. Edson dedicated his 1966 paper on glucogenesis from sorbitol to LeLoir to celebrate Leloir's 60th
Norman_Lowther_Edson
Chemical compound
Biology. 6 109: 259–275. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-6-109. PMC 1769515. Cabib, E.; Leloir, L. F. (1958). "The biosynthesis of trehalose phosphate". The Journal of
Trehalose
Lipid that is soluble in nonpolar solvents with their respective range
(1): 110–116. doi:10.1016/0005-2736(91)90110-t. PMID 1932043. Parodi AJ, Leloir LF (April 1979). "The role of lipid intermediates in the glycosylation of
Lipid
Sci. 8 (3): 596–602. doi:10.1110/ps.8.3.596. PMC 2144271. PMID 10091662. Leloir LF, Cardini CE (1953). "The biosynthesis of glucosamine". Biochim. Biophys
Glutamine—fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (isomerizing)
Glutamine—fructose-6-phosphate_transaminase_(isomerizing)
Class of enzymes
glucosyltransferase, and UDP-glucose:dolichyl phosphate glucosyltransferase. Behrens NH, Leloir LF (1970). "Dolichol monophosphate glucose: an intermediate in glucose transfer
Dolichyl-phosphate beta-glucosyltransferase
Dolichyl-phosphate_beta-glucosyltransferase
pp. 179–182. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(66)08028-5. ISBN 978-0-12-181808-1. LELOIR LF, CARDINI CE (1956). "Enzymes acting on glucosamine phosphate". Biochim
Phosphoacetylglucosamine mutase
Phosphoacetylglucosamine_mutase
American embryologist
Uruguay. This was followed by the completion of a Ph.D. in chemistry at the Leloir Institute in Buenos Aires, Argentina. De Robertis' postdoctoral training
Edward_De_Robertis
American chronobiologist
Montemurro Lab at the University of Bari Aldo Moro. The Yanovsky Lab at the Leloir Institute. At the forefront of the field, plants were used as models to
Stacey_Harmer
Bioenergetics and Biochemistry. Member Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. Luis Federico Leloir FRS (foreign associate) (1906–1987). Argentinian biochemist at the Fundación
List_of_biochemists
Enzyme family
240 (6): 2341–2348. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)97328-X. PMID 14304835. Leloir LF, de Fekete MA, Cardini CE (1961). "Starch and oligosaccharide synthesis
Starch_synthase
Organic compound that consists only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
For the discovery of sugar nucleotides in carbohydrate biosynthesis, Luis Leloir received the 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The term glycobiology was coined
Carbohydrate
American biochemist (1934–2021)
Stony Brook, Lennarz was involved in some notable studies. Along with Luis Leloir, Robert Spiro, Edward Heath, Lennarz was able to determine the mechanism
William_J._Lennarz
Chemistry 1987 Collège de France Louis Pasteur University Luis Federico Leloir Chemistry 1970 University of Buenos Aires Philipp Lenard Physics 1905 University
List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation
List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_university_affiliation
hence, the role of nucleotide sugars - was not clear until the 1950s when Leloir and his coworkers found that the key enzymes in this process are the glycosyltransferases
Nucleotide_sugar
Class of enzymes
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(86)90429-7. PMID 2942110. Ugalde RA, Staneloni RJ, Leloir LF (December 1980). "Microsomal glucosidases of rat liver. Partial purification
Mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase
Mannosyl-oligosaccharide_glucosidase
American bioinformatician and computational biologist
The examination committee was chaired by Nobel laureate Luis Federico Leloir. In 1986, Caetano-Anollés moved to the United States for postdoctoral research
Gustavo_Caetano-Anollés
Class of enzymes
with PDB accession codes PDB: 1GZ5, PDB: 1UQT, and PDB: 1UQU. CABIB E, LELOIR LF (1958). "The biosynthesis of trehalose phosphate". J. Biol. Chem. 231
Alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming)
Alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate_synthase_(UDP-forming)
chemist known for work on the nature of ammonium chloride Luis Federico Leloir (1906–1987), Argentine biochemist and winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in
List_of_chemists
adenosine diphosphate phosphoglycerate phosphatase. Zancan GT, Recondo EF, Leloir LF (1964). "Enzymic dephosphorylation of adenosine diphosphate phosphoglyceric
ADP-phosphoglycerate phosphatase
ADP-phosphoglycerate_phosphatase
Class of enzymes
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-dolichol phosphate, and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase. Leloir LF, Staneloni RJ, Carminatti H, Behrens NH (1973). "The biosynthesis of
Dolichyl-phosphate alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
Dolichyl-phosphate_alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
phosphohydrolase. This enzyme participates in starch and sucrose metabolism. Cabib E, Leloir LF (1958). "The biosynthesis of trehalose phosphate". J. Biol. Chem. 231
Trehalose-phosphatase
Scientific award
Argentina Professor, Molecular Virology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires seminal discoveries on how mosquito-borne viruses
L'Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science Awards
L'Oréal-UNESCO_For_Women_in_Science_Awards
Public university in Argentina
at UBA. Luis Federico Leloir, Argentina's first Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate for his discovery of the metabolic pathways in lactose, earned his
University_of_Buenos_Aires
German physician and naturalist who named many bird species Luis Federico Leloir (1906–1987), Argentinian biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on
List_of_biologists
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