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American research and business intelligence firm
L2 Inc is a subscription research and business intelligence firm that benchmarks the digital competence of consumer brands. The company evaluates more
L2_Inc
Topics referred to by the same term
L2, L2, L02, L II, L.2 or L-2 may refer to: L2 point, second Lagrangian point in a two body orbiting system L2 Puppis, star which is also known as HD 56096
L2
American advertising theorist (born 1964)
a global level. In 2010, Galloway founded the digital intelligence firm L2 Inc, which was acquired in March 2017 by Gartner for $155 million, and the now
Scott_Galloway_(professor)
Programming language
in L0 and in L2, dec x is definable in L0 and in L1. In L0 or L2 x = y can be implemented by the program def copy(y) -> (x): LOOP y: inc x We will write
LOOP_(programming_language)
Twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet
(November 8, 2020). "L2/20-252R: Unicode request for IPA modifier-letters (a), pulmonic" (PDF). Miller, Kirk; Ball, Martin (July 11, 2020). "L2/20-116R: Expansion
L
Type of vector space in math
in L2, the integral exists because of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality, and defines an inner product on the space. Equipped with this inner product, L2 is
Hilbert_space
model 11 Variants 1133 MHz (256 KB L2) 1133 MHz (512 KB L2) 1200 MHz 1266 MHz (512 KB L2) 1333 MHz 1400 MHz (512 KB L2) PII Xeon Variants 400 MHz introduced
List_of_Intel_processors
integrated graphics. L1 cache: 96 KB (32 KB data + 64 KB instruction) per core. L2 cache: 512 KB per core. Node/fabrication process: GlobalFoundries 14 LP. v
List_of_AMD_Ryzen_processors
American multinational semiconductor company
was a lower-cost and limited version of the Athlon (64 KB instead of 256 KB L2 cache) in a 462-pin socketed PGA (socket A) or soldered directly onto the
AMD
American research company
offerings with the acquisition of Scott Galloway's digital benchmarking firm L2. On May 26, 2023 the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) settled charges
Gartner
American businessman
directors of VMware, Inc., and Datto Inc., Dow Jones & Company, Digitas, EMC Corporation, L2, Inc., Maven Networks, OpenMarket, FutureTense, Inc., and VDONet
Paul_Sagan
Set of alphabetic symbols that allow for special handling
2014-08-18. "L2/09-114 N3607: Towards an encoding of symbol characters used as emoji" (PDF). 2009-04-06. Retrieved 2014-08-18. "INCITS/L2/09-304: Comments
Regional_indicator_symbol
Brand of microprocessors
integrated graphics. L1 cache: 96 KB (32 KB data + 64 KB instruction) per core. L2 cache: 512 KB per core. Node/fabrication process: GlobalFoundries 14LP. v
Threadripper
Length in a vector space
Wilansky, Albert (2013). Modern Methods in Topological Vector Spaces. Mineola, New York: Dover Publications, Inc. ISBN 978-0-486-49353-4. OCLC 849801114.
Norm_(mathematics)
Family of 32-bit microprocessors
The 750 had support for an optional 256, 512 or 1024 KB external unified L2 cache. The cache controller and cache tags are on-die. The cache was accessed
PowerPC_7xx
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc.
on the performance cores. The performance cores in the A19 feature 8MB of L2 cache, while the efficiency cores have 4MB. The A19 Pro increases this to
Apple_A19
Series of portable media players by Sony
version optimized for walking. The metal-cased blue-and-silver Walkman TPS-L2, the world's first low-cost personal stereo, went on sale in Japan on 1 July
Walkman
Unicode character block
Peter (2011-12-22). "L2/11-438: Emoji Variation Sequences (Revision of L2/11-429)" (PDF). Pournader, Roozbeh (2015-11-01). "L2/15-301: A proposal for
Basic_Latin_(Unicode_block)
American apparel company
League Collegiate Wear merged with Legacy Athletics and became L2 brands. "Dominus Forms L2 Brands". peprofessional.com. Retrieved 2025-11-12. Levy, Dustin
League_Collegiate_Wear
2024 AMD 4-nanometer processor microarchitecture
its larger size. The L2 cache remains at 1 MB but its associativity has increased from 8-way to 16-way. Zen 5 also has a doubled L2 cache bandwidth of 64
Zen_5
Seventeenth letter of the Latin alphabet
(September 25, 2020). "L2/20-251: Unicode request for modifier Latin capital letters" (PDF). Miller, Kirk; Ashby, Michael (November 8, 2020). "L2/20-252R: Unicode
Q
American computer peripherals and hardware company
cache on a stick (COASt) modules, for OEMs. After Intel incorporated the L2 cache in the processor with the release of its Pentium Pro processor family
Corsair_Gaming
American educational technology company
effectiveness of Duolingo vs. classroom instruction on Spanish speakers' L2 English proficiency and lexical development" (PDF). Amazon Web Services. Archived
Duolingo
Taiwanese computer and electronics company
Generation (2016) ZenFone AR ZenFone 3 series ZenFone Live series (L1 and L2) Fourth Generation (2017) ZenFone 4 series Fifth Generation (2018) ZenFone
Asus
American multinational technology company
being identical to those of the GeForce GTX 980, differed in the amount of L2 cache (1.75 MB versus 2 MB in the GeForce GTX 980) and the number of ROPs
Nvidia
Sony android smartphone
Communications Inc. Retrieved 4 April 2019. "Sony Xperia XA2 - Full phone specifications". "Sony announces the Xperia XA2 Ultra, Xperia XA2 and Xperia L2". 8 January
Sony_Xperia_XA2
American object storage service provider
the company announced it had raised $70 million in a funding round led by L2 Point Management. The funding will allow for increased AI storage, a new storage
Wasabi_Technologies
Letter of the Latin alphabet
of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. Los Angeles County Museum of Art. Retrieved June 19, 2024. Constable, Peter (2004-04-19). "L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional
Open_O
Mathematical description of mixing substances
A. Avez, Ergodic Problems of Classical Mechanics, (1968) W. A. Benjamin, Inc. Manfred Einsiedler and Thomas Ward, Ergodic theory with a view towards number
Mixing_(mathematics)
Second-language acquisition theory
by John Schumann to describe the acquisition process of a second language (L2) by members of ethnic minorities that typically include immigrants, migrant
Acculturation_model
International hardware and software company
American Megatrends, Inc., doing business as AMI, is an international hardware and software company, specializing in PC hardware and firmware. The company
American_Megatrends
American film and television actor (born 1980)
appeared in more than 60 Indian film and television roles. He is best known for L2: Empuraan, Ae Watan Mere Watan, Khufiya, Golondaaj, Roohi, Main Aur Charles
Alexx_O'Nell
the Phoenician script" (PDF). UTC Document Register. Unicode Consortium. L2/07-206 (WG2 N3284). Cajori, Florian (September 1928). A History Of Mathematical
List_of_numeral_systems
Unicode character block
The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26. Pandey, Anshuman (2015-11-05). "L2/15-121R2: Proposal to Encode Indic Siyaq Numbers" (PDF). "Chapter 22: Symbols"
Indic_Siyaq_Numbers
Japanese multinational corporation
players, the Discman brand was used until the late 1990s. In 2025, a model TPS-L2 cassette Walkman from 1979 was included in Pirouette: Turning Points in Design
Sony
Twenty-fourth letter of the Latin alphabet
Korean). e퍼플. ISBN 979-11-6569-712-9. Constable, Peter (19 April 2004). "L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived
X
Series of GPUs by AMD
dual-channel mode. L1 cache: 96 KB (32 KB data + 64 KB instruction) per core. L2 cache: 512 KB per core. All the CPUs support 16 PCIe 3.0 lanes. Includes integrated
Radeon_RX_Vega_series
Multilingual neural machine translation service
to join Human Longevity, Inc. in July 2014. Google Translate does not directly translate from one language to another (L1 → L2). Instead, it often translates
Google_Translate
Canadian menswear store chain
goes lofty, large and luxe". September 13, 2008. The Globe and Mail, page L2 "About Harry | Harry Rosen". Archived from the original on 2018-09-20. Retrieved
Harry_Rosen_Inc.
Partially-reusable heavy-lift launch vehicle by Blue Origin
Others". Next Spaceflight. Retrieved June 11, 2025. "Firefly Aerospace, Inc. Elytra-1 Application". Firefly Aerospace. April 29, 2024. Retrieved May
New_Glenn
Fruit emoji icon
Data—Background data for Proposal for Encoding Emoji Symbols" (PDF). UTC L2/10-132. "🍑 Peach". Emojipedia. Retrieved December 23, 2021. "Oxford Dictionaries
Peach_emoji
5 GHz and 256 kB on-chip L2 cache and improved Altivec 7447/7457 micro-architecture family up to 1.83 GHz with 512 kB on-chip L2 cache 7448 micro-architecture
List_of_PowerPC_processors
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc.
are a pair of 64-bit, ARM-based, systems on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series. They are used in the iPhone 16, iPhone
Apple_A18
Writing system
Unicode block for Elymaic is U+10FE0–U+10FFF: Pandey, Anshuman (2017-10-23). "L2/17226R2: Proposal to encode the Elymaic script in Unicode" (PDF). Working
Elymaic
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc.
operations per second. The Lightning cores have access to 8 MB pL2 and the Thunder cores share 4 MB L2. The SLC is 16 MB. The A13 integrates an Apple-designed
Apple_A13
Workstation computer from Silicon Graphics
SGI Tezro, a system that can have up to four 1 GHz R16000 CPUs with 16 MB L2 each. Both Fuel and Tezro are based on SGI's Origin 3000 architecture. The
SGI_Fuel
2025 film by Tharun Moorthy
July. Filming was set to resume once Mohanlal completed his commitments on L2: Empuraan (2025), with approximately 20–25 days of work for Thudarum still
Thudarum
Satellite-based augmentation system service provider
single-frequency (L1 only) code phase DGPS solutions and dual-frequency (L1/L2) carrier phase solutions. Accuracy depends on satellite geometry, local conditions
OmniSTAR
Family of abugida writing systems
Mountain View, California: Unicode, Inc. June 2018. ISBN 978-1-936213-19-1. Pandey, Anshuman (2 November 2015). "L2/15-233: Proposal to encode the Makasar
Brahmic_scripts
Series of systems-on-a-chip designed by Apple
and share a 12 MB L2 cache; the energy-efficient cores have a 128 KB L1 instruction cache, 64 KB L1 data cache, and a shared 4 MB L2 cache. The SoC also
Apple_M1
Periodic, three-dimensional orbit
"balanced on the edge" of the gravity well. The NRHOs are a subset of the L1 and L2 halo families. This orbit type could also be used with other bodies in the
Near-rectilinear_halo_orbit
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc.
eleventh-generation iPad) is a 64-bit ARM-based system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series, and manufactured by TSMC. It is used
Apple_A16
GPU microarchitecture designed by Nvidia
simultaneously with L2 cache; when used to communicate data between SMs, this can utilize the combined bandwidth of distributed shared memory and L2. The maximum
Hopper_(microarchitecture)
X86-compatible system-on-a-chip
write-through 16 KB Data + 16 KB Instruction L1 cache but, unlike the Vortex86, lacks L2 cache and an FPU. The memory controller allows 16-bit wide access to SDRAM
Vortex86
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc.
32-bit package on package (PoP) system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series, and manufactured by Samsung. The A4 was
Apple_A4
Branded fitness regimen
requirement for CrossFit gym owners. The requirement was raised to Level 2 (L2) for 2024. Level 3 Trainer examination and Level 4 Coach assessment are also
CrossFit
Möller's Egyptian Hieroglyphs in the SMP of the UCS, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N4741 L2/16-250 (2016). "Time Trips". Budge, 1989, (1929). The Rosetta Stone, p. 126
List_of_Egyptian_hieroglyphs
Dravidian language spoken in Southern India
Comments on L2/15-256 (L2/16-084)". Retrieved 1 June 2026. "Tamil: Range:0B80–0BF" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 15.1. Unicode, Inc. Retrieved 1
Badaga_language
Emoji representing a human skull
Data—Background data for Proposal for Encoding Emoji Symbols" (PDF). UTC L2/10-132. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 15, 2019. "💀 Skull Emoji"
Skull_emoji
System-on-chip processors designed by Apple Inc.
may be considerably less. Other performance improvements include additional L2 cache. The A4 processor package does not contain RAM, but supports PoP installation
Apple_silicon
Royal Navy submarine HMS L2 in the Atlantic Ocean south of Ireland, opened gunfire on her and dropped two depth charges, forcing L2 to surface. The U.S. Navy
List of friendly fire incidents
List_of_friendly_fire_incidents
Emoji icon
Data—Background data for Proposal for Encoding Emoji Symbols" (PDF). UTC L2/10-132. Cocozza, Paula (November 17, 2015). "Crying with laughter: how we
Eggplant_emoji
Mathematical transform that expresses a function of time as a function of frequency
in the intersection of L1 and L2 and that converges to f in the L2-norm, and define the Fourier transform of f as the L2 -limit of the Fourier transforms
Fourier_transform
Manufacturing company
ALi Corporation (formerly Acer Laboratories Incorporated or Acer Labs Inc., and commonly known as ALi) is a major designer and manufacturer of embedded
ALi_Corporation
Ethnic group in Japan and Russia
November 29, 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2025. "Ainu Language (AIN) – L1 & L2 Speakers, Status, Map, Endangered Level & Official Use". Ethnologue (Free
Ainu_people
cache L1 cache: 64 KB Data per core and 64 KB Instruction cache per core L2 cache: 512 KB on dual-core, 1 MB on tri- and quad-core models MMX, Enhanced
List of AMD processors with 3D graphics
List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics
Spanish tennis player (born 1986)
bull logo on the left. Nadal used an AeroPro Drive racquet with a 4+1⁄4-inch L2 grip. As of the 2010 season[update], Nadal's racquets were painted to resemble
Rafael_Nadal
International Series in Pure and Applied Mathematics, New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., ISBN 0-07-054236-8, MR 1157815 Wiener, N. (1932), "Tauberian Theorems"
Wiener's_Tauberian_theorem
large enterprise customers. The company's products include a Linux-based L2/L3 and OpenFlow-supporting network operating system, PicOS, which is shipped
Pica8
improved K6 with three levels of cache – 64 KB L1, 256 KB full-speed on-die L2, and a variable (up to 2 MB) L3. AMD K7 Athlon – microarchitecture of the
List of AMD CPU microarchitectures
List_of_AMD_CPU_microarchitectures
Brahmic script used commonly to write the Malayalam language
16 September 2009. See also L2/05-085 (PDF). "Encoding of Chillu Forms in Malayalam". Public Review Issue #66]. Unicode, Inc. 2005. Retrieved 24 September
Malayalam_script
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc.
The A10 has an L1 cache of 64 KB for data and 64 KB for instructions, an L2 cache of 3 MB shared by both cores, and a 4 MB L3 cache that services the
Apple_A10
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc.
Apple A17 Pro is a 64-bit ARM-based system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series, and manufactured by TSMC. It is used
Apple_A17_Pro
Czech company
became Meopta U.S.A., Inc. was founded by the Czech-American Rausnitz family in New York in 1960 under the name Tyrolit Company, Inc. At that time, its main
Meopta
stay, and Qin and Gui establish themselves as the Detective Chinatown duo. L2: Empuraan In a post-credits scene, the Shen Triad leader expresses interest
List of films with post-credits scenes
List_of_films_with_post-credits_scenes
for some APUs. APU features table L2 cache always runs with 50% of CPU speed All models support: MMX, Enhanced 3DNow! L2 cache runs with 50% (up to 700 MHz)
List_of_AMD_Athlon_processors
Earth and meet the surviving Avengers. Peter Quill's Walkman is a Sony TPS-L2 Walkman given to Peter Quill by his mother, Meredith, when he was a child
Features of the Marvel Cinematic Universe
Features_of_the_Marvel_Cinematic_Universe
Series of laptop models by Hewlett-Packard
L2 Cache) ✓ QL-62 (2.0GHz, 1MB (1 L2 Cache) ✓ (AMD Turion 64 X2) RM-70 (2.0GHz, 1MB L2 Cache) ✓ RM-72 (2.1GHz, 1MB L2 Cache) ✓ ZM-80 (2.1GHz, 2MB L2 Cache)
HP_Pavilion_dv4
Writing performed by non-native users of a language
L2 writers that were considered as remedial courses in some universities while other institutions credited these courses. To solve the challenges L2 writers
Second_language_writing
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc.
Performance cores 192+128 KiB per core Efficiency cores 128+64 KiB per core L2 cache Performance cores M3 and M3 Pro: 16 MiB M3 Max: 32 MiB M3 Ultra: 64 MiB
Apple_M3
Self-awareness about thinking, higher-order thinking skills
L. (1987). "Metacognition: An expanded view on the cognitive abilities of L2 learners". Language Learning. 37 (4): 573–594. doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1987
Metacognition
Machine learning technique
L2 norms, then multiplies by a learned parameter g {\displaystyle g} . The ScaleNorm replaces all LayerNorms inside a transformer by division with L2
Normalization (machine learning)
Normalization_(machine_learning)
Technique for the generative modeling of a continuous probability distribution
c} . That is, apply gradient descent on θ {\displaystyle \theta } on the L2 loss ‖ ϵ θ ( x t x , z t z , t x , t z , c ) − ϵ x ‖ 2 2 {\displaystyle \|\epsilon
Diffusion_model
DART and Hera to the asteroid Didymos, Euclid to Sun-Earth Lagrange point L2, Psyche to the asteroid 16 Psyche, and Europa Clipper to Europa (a moon of
List of Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launches
List_of_Falcon_9_and_Falcon_Heavy_launches
Character encoding on Commodore computers
L2/19-025: Proposal to add characters from legacy computers and teletext to the UCS (PDF) Bettencourt, Rebecca (20 April 2018), "C64IPRI.TXT", L2/19-025:
PETSCII
Chinese automotive conglomerate
"要平权更要安全，吉利发布"千里浩瀚"智驾解决方案". 盖世汽车. Retrieved 28 September 2025. ""千里浩瀚"五级智驾方案打通L2-L3，吉利开启"AI+车"新纪元 | 吉利智能驾驶布局". auto.gasgoo.com. Retrieved 28 September 2025
Geely
1989 aviation accident in New York
except the L1 door and L2 door were used for evacuation. Senior flight attendant Wayne Reed could not open the L1 door. The L2 door was opened and then
USAir_Flight_5050
Retrieved August 24, 2012. "CloudMobile S500 | Datasheet". Acer France. Acer Inc. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved June 14, 2013. "Asus
List of devices using Qualcomm Snapdragon systems on chips
List_of_devices_using_Qualcomm_Snapdragon_systems_on_chips
Glyph combining two or more letterforms
Note #27. Unicode Inc. Retrieved 2009-05-29. Everson, Michael; Dicklberger, Alois; Pentzlin, Karl; Wandl-Vogt, Eveline (2011-06-02). "L2/11-202: Revised
Ligature_(writing)
Simplified conventional pictorial representation of an electrical circuit
2025-11-18 Electrical diagnosis part 2 using the wiring diagrams (volume 71 S6-L2), The Ford Marketing Corporation, 1970 Erickson, Larry (2000). Ortho's All
Wiring_diagram
Feature descriptor used in computer vision
be one of the following: L2-norm: f = v ‖ v ‖ 2 2 + e 2 {\displaystyle f={v \over {\sqrt {\|v\|_{2}^{2}+e^{2}}}}} L2-hys: L2-norm followed by clipping
Histogram of oriented gradients
Histogram_of_oriented_gradients
Others". Next Spaceflight. Retrieved June 11, 2025. "Firefly Aerospace, Inc. Elytra-1 Application". Firefly Aerospace. April 29, 2024. Retrieved May
List_of_New_Glenn_launches
Ethnoreligious group of the Levant
(1999). Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions. Merriam-Webster, Inc. ISBN 978-0-87779-044-0. Quigley, John B. (2005). The Case for Palestine
Druze
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc.
Apple A12X Bionic is a 64-bit ARM system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc. and fabricated by TSMC. Part of the Apple silicon series, it first appeared
Apple_A12X
Line of gamepads developed by Sony
DualShock include the longer grips and handles of the former and slightly larger L2/R2 buttons on the latter. The Dual Analog controller also has an additional
DualShock
Electric vehicle connector standard
split-phase connection or as the sole line in a single-phase connection. DC−/L2: Provides the negative side of the DC voltage link or, in AC mode, serves
North American Charging Standard
North_American_Charging_Standard
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc.
The Apple A5X is a 32-bit system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series, and manufactured by Samsung. It was introduced
Apple_A5X
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc
updates MacBook Pro with faster performance and new features for pros". Apple Inc. Archived from the original on July 12, 2018. Retrieved July 12, 2018. Broussard
Apple_T2
Symbols for emotional cues in text
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 N2417, UTC L2/02-102. "UTR #51: Unicode Emoji". Unicode Consortium. September 4, 2025. Apple, Inc (2005). "Map (external version)
Emoji
speakers including more than 15 million native speakers and more than 7 million L2 speakers per the 2011 Census of India. Along with other Eastern Indo-Aryan
Languages_of_India
L2 INC
L2 INC
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : variant of Marchand.John Marchant (c.1600–c.1668) was in Newport, RI, before 1638. In that year he moved to Braintree, MA, then to Watertown, MA (1642), and finally to Yarmouth, MA (1648). His descendants included many sea captains and other prominent people.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : variant of Jordan.A Jourdain from the Saintonge region of France is recorded in
Quebec City in 1676. Another, from the Savoie, is documented in 1688
in Lachine, Quebec, with the secondary surname Lafrizade. A third,
from Provence, is documented in Champlain, Quebec, in 1688; and another, also
called Labrosse, in Montreal in 1696. Other secondary surnames include
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Inskip in Lancashire, of uncertain etymology. The first element of this place name has been tentatively connected with Welsh ynys ‘island’ (compare Ince); the second with Old English c̄pe ‘keep’ (noun) in the sense ‘osier basket for keeping or trapping fish’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : (of Norman origin) nickname from Anglo-Norman French leuet ‘wolf cub’ (see Low 3).English : habitational name from any of the various places in Normandy called Livet. All are of obscure, presumably Gaulish, etymology.English : from the Middle English personal name Lefget, Old English Lēofgēat, composed of the elements lēof ‘dear’, ‘beloved’ + the tribal name Gēat (see Jocelyn).English : possibly from an unrecorded Middle English survival of the Old English female personal name Lēofḡð, composed of the elements lēof ‘dear’, ‘beloved’ + ḡð ‘battle’.English : Early American Leavitts include John Leavitt, who was born 1608 in England and married in Hingham, MA, in 1637. His descendants spread to NH.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from the city of Lincoln, so named from an original British name Lindo- ‘lake’ + Latin colonia ‘settlement’, ‘colony’. The place was an important administrative center during the Roman occupation of Britain and in the Middle Ages it was a center for the manufacture of cloth, including the famous ‘Lincoln green’.Abraham Lincoln (1809–65), 16th president of the United States, was the son of an illiterate laborer, descended from a certain Samuel Lincoln, who had emigrated from England to MA in 1637.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, German, Polish, and Slovenian; Spanish and Hungarian (Jordán)
English, French, German, Polish, and Slovenian; Spanish and Hungarian (Jordán) : from the Christian baptismal name Jordan. This is taken from the name of the river Jordan (Hebrew Yarden, a derivative of yarad ‘to go down’, i.e. to the Dead Sea). At the time of the Crusades it was common practice for crusaders and pilgrims to bring back flasks of water from the river in which John the Baptist had baptized people, including Christ himself, and to use it in the christening of their own children. As a result Jordan became quite a common personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name, either a variant of Madeley (a name common to several places, including one in Shropshire and two in Staffordshire), named in Old English as ‘MÄda’s clearing’, from an unattested byname, MÄda (probably a derivative of mÄd ‘foolish’) + lÄ“ah ‘woodland clearing’; or from Medley on the Thames in Oxfordshire, named in Old English with middel ‘middle’ + Ä“g ‘island’.English : nickname for an aggressive person, from Middle English, Old French medlee ‘combat’, ‘conflict’ (Late Latin misculata).
Surname or Lastname
French
French : from the personal name Jean, French form of
John.English : variant of Jayne.A Vivien Jean, recorded in Canada in 1681, was also known as
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Middle English vernacular form, Maudeleyn, of the New Testament Greek personal name Magdalēnē. This is a byname, meaning ‘woman from Magdala’ (a village on the Sea of Galilee, deriving its name from Hebrew migdal ‘tower’), denoting the woman cured of evil spirits by Jesus (Luke 8:2), who later became a faithful follower. In Christian folk belief she was generally identified with the repentant sinner who washed Christ’s feet with her tears in Luke 7; hence the name came to be used as a byname for a prostitute, also a tearful woman. The popularity of the personal name increased with the supposed discovery of her relics in the 13th century.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived near a meadow or a patch of arable land, Middle English lee, lea, from Old English lēa, dative case (used after a preposition) of lēah, which originally meant ‘wood’ or ‘glade’.English : habitational name from any of the many places named with Old English lēah ‘wood’, ‘glade’, as for example Lee in Buckinghamshire, Essex, Hampshire, Kent, and Shropshire, and Lea in Cheshire, Derbyshire, Herefordshire, Lancashire, Lincolnshire, and Wiltshire.Irish : reduced Americanized form of Ó Laoidhigh ‘descendant of Laoidheach’, a personal name derived from laoidh ‘poem’, ‘song’ (originally a byname for a poet).Americanized spelling of Norwegian Li or Lie.Chinese : variant of Li 1.Chinese : variant of Li 2.Chinese : variant of Li 3.Korean : variant of Yi.Lee is a prominent VA family name brought over in 1641 by Richard Lee (d. 1664), a VA planter and legislator. His great-grandsons included the brothers Arthur, Francis L., Richard Henry, and William Lee, all prominent American Revolution legislators and diplomats.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived in a lane, Middle English, Old English lane, originally a narrow way between fences or hedges, later used to denote any narrow pathway, including one between houses in a town.Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Laighin ‘descendant of Laighean’, a byname meaning ‘spear’, or ‘javelin’.Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Luain ‘descendant of Luan’, a byname meaning ‘warrior’.Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Liatháin (see Lehane).Southern French : variant of Laine.Possibly also a variant of Southern French Lande.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a mower or reaper of grass or hay, Old English mǣðere. Compare Mead, Mower. Hay was formerly of great importance, not only as feed for animals in winter but also for bedding.English : in southern Lancashire, where it has long been a common surname, it is probably a relatively late development of Madder (see Mader).English : The prominent Mather family of New England were established in America by Richard Mather (1596–1669) in 1635. He was a Puritan clergyman from a well-established family of Lowton, Lancashire, England. After he emigrated, he was in great demand as a preacher, finally settling in Dorchester, MA. His son Increase Mather (1639–1723) was a diplomat and president of Harvard. He married his step-sister Maria Cotton, herself the daughter of an eminent Puritan divine, John Cotton. Their son Cotton Mather (1663–1728) bore both family names. The latter was a minister who is remembered for his part in witchcraft trials, but he was also a man of science and a fellow of the Royal Society in London.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Surname or Lastname
French
French : from the personal name, French form of Julian.English : variant spelling of Julian.From the Dauphiné region of France, a Julien, also called Vantabon, is documented in Quebec City in 1654. A Julien or Jullien, from Poitou, France, is recorded in Quebec City in 1665. Other secondary surnames associated with this name include LeDragon and Saint-Julien.
Surname or Lastname
English (also found in Wales)
English (also found in Wales) : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jenk, a back-formation from Jenkin with the removal of the supposed Anglo-Norman French diminutive suffix -in.Joseph Jenks (1602–83), the descendant of an old Welsh family, was born in England and traveled to Saugus, near Lynn, MA, in 1642 to assist in the development of America’s first iron works. His son, Joseph Jenckes (sic), followed in 1650, founded Pawtucket, RI, and raised four sons who held places of respect and distinction in RI, including one who served as governor for five years.
Surname or Lastname
French (western)
French (western) : from a pet form of Martin 1.English : habitational name from Martineau in France. The name was also taken to England by Huguenot refugees in the 17th century (see below).Harriet Martineau (1802–76), the English writer, was the daughter of a Norwich manufacturer. She was descended from a family of French Huguenots who owned land around Poitou and Touraine in the 15th century. They included a number of surgeons in the 17th century. In the 19th century a branch of the family was firmly established in Birmingham, England; others went to North America.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : variant of Jordan.A Jourdain from the Saintonge region of France is recorded in
Quebec City in 1676. Another, from the Savoie, is documented in 1688
in Lachine, Quebec, with the secondary surname Lafrizade. A third,
from Provence, is documented in Champlain, Quebec, in 1688; and another, also
called Labrosse, in Montreal in 1696. Other secondary surnames include
Surname or Lastname
English
English : status name from Middle English knyghte ‘knight’, Old English cniht ‘boy’, ‘youth’, ‘serving lad’. This word was used as a personal name before the Norman Conquest, and the surname may in part reflect a survival of this. It is also possible that in a few cases it represents a survival of the Old English sense into Middle English, as an occupational name for a domestic servant. In most cases, however, it clearly comes from the more exalted sense that the word achieved in the Middle Ages. In the feudal system introduced by the Normans the word was applied at first to a tenant bound to serve his lord as a mounted soldier. Hence it came to denote a man of some substance, since maintaining horses and armor was an expensive business. As feudal obligations became increasingly converted to monetary payments, the term lost its precise significance and came to denote an honorable estate conferred by the king on men of noble birth who had served him well. Knights in this last sense normally belonged to ancient noble families with distinguished family names of their own, so that the surname is more likely to have been applied to a servant in a knightly house or to someone who had played the part of a knight in a pageant or won the title in some contest of skill.Irish : part translation of Gaelic Mac an Ridire ‘son of the rider or knight’. See also McKnight.
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Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Sweet Basil
Female
Irish
Irish form of Spanish Theresa, TOIRÉASA means "harvester."
Biblical
a man excelling others
Girl/Female
French, German, Greek, Swedish
Victory of the People
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Punjabi, Sikh
Blessing
Girl/Female
Indian
Fog, Honey dow
Boy/Male
American, British, Christian, English, German, Jamaican, Teutonic
Foreign Hill; Ella's Mound; Old Friend; From the Sacred Hill; From the Old Settlement; Old; Ella's Hill
Girl/Female
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Muslim, Nepali
Line
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Shining; Visible
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Goodrich.Americanized spelling of German Güttrich (see Goodrich).
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L2 INC
L2 INC
L2 INC
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a.
Characterized by a current which flows inward; as, the incurrent orifice of lamellibranch Mollusca.
n.
Unconcernedness; incuriosity.
n.
Incubation.
v. t.
To meet or fall in with, as something inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to put one's self in the way of; to expose one's self to; to become liable or subject to; to bring down upon one's self; to encounter; to contract; as, to incur debt, danger, displeasure/ penalty, responsibility, etc.
a.
Not capable of being cured; beyond the power of skill or medicine to remedy; as, an incurable disease.
a.
Not admitting or capable of remedy or correction; irremediable; remediless; as, incurable evils.
imp. & p. p.
of Incur
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Incur
n.
A state of being bent or curved; incurvation; a bending inwards.
n.
The act of incurring, bringing on, or subjecting one's self to (something troublesome or burdensome); as, the incurrence of guilt, debt, responsibility, etc.
a.
Making an incursion; invasive; aggressive; hostile.
v. t.
Alt. of Incuss
pl.
of Incunabulum
n.
The state of being incurable; incurability.
n.
One who holds an incumbrance, or some legal claim, lien, or charge on an estate.
imp. & p. p.
of Incurve
imp. & p. p.
of Incurvate
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Incurvate
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Incurve