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The irrelevant speech effect (ISE) or irrelevant sound effect is the degradation of serial recall of a list when sounds, especially speech sounds, are
Irrelevant_speech_effect
effect Halo effect Hawthorne effect Hedonic treadmill Hostile media effect Hot-cold empathy gap Hypersonic effect Imposter syndrome Irrelevant speech
List_of_psychological_effects
articulatory suppression by requiring an individual to repeatedly say an irrelevant speech sound out loud while being presented with a list of words to recall
Articulatory_suppression
General page for sound tolerance
Zimmer K (1997). "Individual differences in susceptibility to the "irrelevant speech effect"". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 102 (4): 2191–2199
Auditory_hypersensitivity
Utterance that serves a performative function
the display of the speech act itself. Therefore, in the perspective of the player, the truth of the subject matter is irrelevant except the result produced
Speech_act
Brain capacity to filter out stimuli
The cocktail party effect is a phenomenon wherein the brain focuses a person's attention on a particular stimulus, usually auditory. This focus excludes
Cocktail_party_effect
Freedom of speech is the concept of the inherent human right to voice one's opinion publicly without fear of censorship or punishment. "Speech" is not limited
Freedom_of_speech_by_country
Disorder of thought form, content or stream
Circumstantial speech (also known as circumstantial thinking): An inability to answer a question without providing excessive, unnecessary or irrelevant detail
Thought_disorder
though this difference is often irrelevant by objective standards. See also von Restorff effect. Saying is believing effect: Communicating a socially tuned
List_of_cognitive_biases
Public protests for freedom of association and speech
Free speech fights are struggles over free speech, and especially those struggles which involved the Industrial Workers of the World and their attempts
Free_speech_fight
Selective attention involving the auditory system
containing relevant information pass through to short-term memory and removes irrelevant information. Deutsch and Deutsch's model for selective auditory attention
Selective_auditory_attention
Process of hearing and understanding language
which are not). As infants learn how to sort incoming speech sounds into categories, ignoring irrelevant differences and reinforcing the contrastive ones,
Speech_perception
1989 popular uprising in Romania
By 19:30 the protest had spread and the original cause became largely irrelevant.[citation needed] Some of the protesters attempted to burn down the building
Romanian_revolution
Internal process while reading
Psychology’’, ‘’96’’(1), 164-169. Neath, I. (2000). Modeling the effects of irrelevant speech on memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 7(3), 403-423. Green, M
Subvocalization
Theory of selective attention
suggests that all incoming information is analyzed to some extent, but irrelevant inputs are reduced in strength, allowing only those with sufficient significance
Attenuation_theory
1918 U.S. peace proposals after World War I
to end World War I. The principles were outlined in a January 8, 1918, speech on war aims and peace terms to the United States Congress by President Woodrow
Fourteen_Points
Relationship between language and human evolution
so much wrong—they occasionally offer peripheral insights—as naïve and irrelevant. The problem with these theories is that they rest on the assumption that
Origin_of_language
Hypothesis that human replicas elicit revulsion
The uncanny valley effect is a hypothesized psychological and aesthetic relation between an object's degree of resemblance to a human being and the emotional
Uncanny_valley
Pragmatics of conversational communication
information provided should be relevant to the current exchange and omit any irrelevant information. In his book, Grice uses the following analogy for this maxim:
Cooperative_principle
New Zealand intelligence researcher (1934–2020)
controversial by Emerald under the United Kingdom's laws about hate speech as the intent is irrelevant if it is thought likely that "racial hatred could be stirred
James_Flynn_(academic)
Medical test
on speech intelligibility. The results of this review indicated that there were two factors of a hearing loss, which were involved in the effect on speech
Pure-tone_audiometry
Inverse correlation between intensity and value in a dispute
sayings named after a person Law of triviality – Focusing on what is irrelevant but easy to understand Murphy's law – Adage that anything that can go
Sayre's_law
American social networking service
whereas malicious bots can make unpopular people seem popular, push irrelevant products on users, and spread misinformation, spam or slander. Bots amass
X_(social_network)
Contamination of information supply
as info pollution) is the contamination of an information supply with irrelevant, redundant, unsolicited, hampering, and low-value information. Examples
Information_pollution
Cognitive system for temporarily holding information
instructing them to say an irrelevant word once or three times in between recall of each letter. Delaying recall had virtually no effect on recall accuracy.
Working_memory
British intelligence officer (1963–2026)
a July 2024 interview with ITV News, Younger said Britain had become "irrelevant" since Brexit. Younger married Sarah Hopkins, daughter of architects Michael
Alex_Younger
Ability to tune out irrelevant stimuli
inhibition refers to the mind's ability to tune out stimuli that are irrelevant to the task/process at hand or to the mind's current state. Additionally
Cognitive_inhibition
2010 U.S. Supreme Court decision
and even if valid, irrelevant to the text of the Constitution. Scalia argued that the First Amendment was written in "terms of speech, not speakers" and
Citizens_United_v._FEC
authority to take into account relevant considerations and the taking of irrelevant ones into account are grounds of judicial review in Singapore administrative
Relevant and irrelevant considerations in Singapore administrative law
Relevant_and_irrelevant_considerations_in_Singapore_administrative_law
1980s academic controversy regarding freedom of speech
judged worthless, irrelevant, falsified...." The petition implied nothing about quality of Faurisson's work, which was irrelevant to the issues raised
Faurisson_affair
Systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment
involve a decision or judgment being affected by irrelevant information (for example the framing effect where the same problem receives different responses
Cognitive_bias
Personal tendency towards negative emotions and poor self-concept
judgment error is the halo effect, or the tendency to form unfounded impressions of people based on known but irrelevant information. For instance, more
Negative_affectivity
Part of the brain responsible for personality, decision-making, and social behavior
contribute to the inclusion of less relevant information and irrelevant tangential conversational speech patterns in older subjects. In the last few decades,
Prefrontal_cortex
Developmental or acquired neurological disorders
difficulty in hearing speech in the presence of background noise. This is essentially a failure or impairment of the cocktail party effect (selective hearing)
Auditory_processing_disorder
Intentionally posting poor-quality social media posts
Chicago magazine described it as "posts that are meant to be awkward and irrelevant, aggravating and distracting social media communities from discussing
Shitposting
Model of human memory
for verbal material is impaired when people are asked to say something irrelevant aloud. This is assumed to block the articulatory rehearsal process, leading
Baddeley's model of working memory
Baddeley's_model_of_working_memory
Study of how society shapes language use
renders explicit verbal communication unnecessary and individual expression irrelevant. However, simplification is not a sign of a lack of intelligence or complexity
Sociolinguistics
Feature of some statistical distributions
obtains just an occasional signal of peace. The fact that even allegedly "irrelevant" countries obtain at least rare amicable interactions by virtually all
Long_tail
figure of speech in which words that naturally belong together are separated from each other for emphasis or effect. Hyperbole – a figure of speech where
Glossary_of_rhetorical_terms
Learning technique performed with flashcards
are shown less frequently in order to exploit the psychological spacing effect. The use of spaced repetition has been proven to increase the rate of learning
Spaced_repetition
Incitement of rebellion
Sedition is overt conduct, such as speech or organization, that tends toward rebellion against the established order. Sedition often includes subversion
Sedition
Someone imprisoned for their political activity
United States Political prisoners in Venezuela Chilling effect Freedom of speech Hate speech Hostage diplomacy List of banned political parties List of
Political_prisoner
Linguistic quality
perlocutionary effect (the actual effect the speaker actually has on the interlocutor by uttering the locution) For example, if a speech act is an attempt
Performativity
Playing or singing in response to music
Igor Stravinsky who see music as a pure art form and expression as an irrelevant distraction. In the Baroque and Classical periods of music, music (and
Musical_expression
Transformation of a standard proverb for humorous effect
humorous effect. Paremiologist Wolfgang Mieder defines them as "parodied, twisted, or fractured proverbs that reveal humorous or satirical speech play with
Anti-proverb
American member of the British royal family (born 1981)
tabloid's alleged dishonesty and malice, as they were deemed either vague or irrelevant to the case. In February 2021, the High Court of Justice found in a summary
Meghan,_Duchess_of_Sussex
American political commentator (born 1976)
black or white or female or trans, those things are actually completely irrelevant other than your thoughts; your thoughts and actions are what matters."
Dave_Rubin
American academic (1958–2013)
terrible at every aspect of multitasking. They're terrible at ignoring irrelevant information; they're terrible at keeping information in their head nicely
Clifford_Nass
Abnormal condition of the mind
are delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized or incoherent thoughts or speech. Psychosis is a description of a person's state or symptoms, rather than
Psychosis
File format family
majority of users this technical situation is completely unnoticeable and irrelevant. The sound quality of standard AIFF and AIFF-C/sowt are identical, and
Audio_Interchange_File_Format
Perception of distinct categories in a variable along a continuum
assumes that this CP effect is a result of learning to produce speech. Eimas et al. (1971), however, found that infants already have speech CP before they begin
Categorical_perception
1985 studio album by Roy Harper & Jimmy Page
Intentional Irrelevant Suicide)" "I Hate The White Man" (Live) (Recorded at Poynton, 18 October 1984) A cover version of "Hope" (with "Bad Speech" read by
Whatever_Happened_to_Jugula?
Hong Kong barrister and prosecutor
protest case: Hong Kong court urged to consider sedition law's effect on free speech". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 2022-07-11. Ho, Kelly (2022-10-27)
Anthony_Chau_Tin-hang
Point-based ranked voting system
candidates winning increases. This is illustrated by the example 'Effect of irrelevant alternatives' above. Therefore, under the Borda count, it is to a
Borda_count
1925 US legal case in Tennessee
witnesses. The judge declared that all the defense testimony on the Bible was irrelevant and should not be presented to the jury. On the seventh day of the trial
Scopes_trial
Crime in Singapore
affected should be evaluated carefully, as it may have an undue chilling effect on speech. The offence of scandalizing the court can be committed in various
Offence of scandalizing the court in Singapore
Offence_of_scandalizing_the_court_in_Singapore
1925 poem by T. S. Eliot
Henry Hewes: "One reason is that while the association of the H-bomb is irrelevant to it, it would today come to everyone's mind. Another is that he is not
The_Hollow_Men
Australian politician (born 1980)
through a freedom of information application, but considered them "utterly irrelevant" and a "non-story”, saying his support of the IPA was publicly disclosed
Tim Wilson (Australian politician)
Tim_Wilson_(Australian_politician)
Branch of both psychology and musicology
Marcie E. (December 2008). "The Relative and Perceived Impact of Irrelevant Speech, Vocal Music and Non-vocal Music on Working Memory". Current Psychology
Psychology_of_music
Statute of the Parliament of Singapore
on 29 October 2021 and came into effect on 2 November 2022. The Sedition Act criminalizes seditious acts and speech; and the printing, publication, sale
Sedition_Act_(Singapore)
Process of learning better perception skills
The word superiority effect demonstrates this—people are often much faster at recognizing words than individual letters. In speech phonemes, observers
Perceptual_learning
1964 naval confrontation between North Vietnam and the United States
he thought had been the second attack ? It hadn't occurred, but that's irrelevant to the point I'm making here. He authorized the attack on the assumption
Gulf_of_Tonkin_incident
Retrieval of events or information from the past
tapping can have an effect on recall as the disruptive impact of paced finger tapping, but lack of consistent effect of paced irrelevant sound, is indicative
Recall_(memory)
Legal concept
controllers" are required under EU law to remove data that is "inadequate, irrelevant, or no longer relevant", making this directive of global importance. In
Right_to_be_forgotten
Intelligence of machines
actively discussed in the 1970s and 1980s, but eventually was seen as irrelevant. Modern AI has elements of both.[citation needed] Finding a provably correct
Artificial_intelligence
Major character on the TV show "Seinfeld"
bankrupt and a misunderstanding resulting from her penchant for chewy, speech-impairing Jujyfruit candies thwarts a merger that might have saved the company
Elaine_Benes
Mode of communication
data elements in terms of their significance and filtering out the data irrelevant to survival. A sign cannot function until the brain or audience distinguishes
Semiosis
Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
fact that it is legally impossible to commit the crime of suicide is irrelevant under the Criminal Attempts Act 1981. The Terminally Ill Adults (End of
Suicide_Act_1961
Fixation of holding false beliefs
that delusions are a result of people assigning excessive importance to irrelevant stimuli. In support of this hypothesis, regions normally associated with
Delusion
English model and pornographic film actress (born 1979)
initiative.[irrelevant citation] With regard to Measure B, Tate was quoted in a San Fernando Valley Business Journal article to the effect that she would
Tanya_Tate
Exposing of scandalous activity
whistleblowing and employee loyalty usually assume that the concept of loyalty is irrelevant to the issue or more commonly, that whistleblowing involves a moral choice
Whistleblowing
American media theorist and cultural critic (1931–2003)
Weingartner suggest that many schools have curricula that are trivial and irrelevant to students' lives. The result of their critique was the "Program for
Neil_Postman
British politician (1946–2005)
by military means", Robin Cook, The Guardian, 8 July 2005 "Worse than irrelevant", Robin Cook's last article, The Guardian, 29 July 2005 From the Lords
Robin_Cook
Measures opposing boycotts of Israel
they themselves did not boycott Israel. To them, Claiborne Hardware is irrelevant because it affirmed the right to call for a boycott but not to participate
Anti-BDS_laws
Film by Oliver Stone
system of extreme competitiveness where ethics and the law are simply irrelevant parts of the show. Carl (Martin Sheen's character) represents the working
Wall_Street_(1987_film)
1866 speaking campaign by US President Andrew Johnson
never been made." Critics simultaneously derided the tour as boring and irrelevant and as a platform for showcasing Johnson's weaknesses: "ill-tempered,
Swing_Around_the_Circle
Ability to remember a specific tone
visual-auditory senses. It was discovered that irrelevant tones disrupted memory for sequences of tones while irrelevant speech disrupted memory for the sequence of
Tonal_memory
2021 trial in the US Senate
however, refused to answer the question on the basis that his judgment was "irrelevant" to the proceeding, causing a ruckus on the Senate floor before Leahy
Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump
Second_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump
Experimental constructed language
efficient manner, a somewhat different purpose, in which brevity per se is irrelevant. The original version of Ithkuil had a significantly more complicated
Ithkuil
Encouragement of another person to commit a crime
held that impossibility of the commission of the offence incited was irrelevant to guilt. Soliciting to murder The offence of soliciting to murder is
Incitement
Solemn attestation as to the truth of a matter
irrelevant, immaterial (the words "irrelevant" and "immaterial" have the same meaning under the Federal Rules of Evidence. Historically, irrelevant evidence
Testimony
typically made for a specific time and place, causing them to become irrelevant quickly. In more modern times, they are seen as addressing universal concerns
Music_and_politics
Form of boast or insult commonly heard in competitive situations
rivalry when compared to participants who were subject to a neutral, irrelevant, or no message at all. While trash-talking frequently focuses on sporting
Trash_talk
Period of history with a dramatic change in world political thought
all-European security council to replace the CSCE, in effect superseding the increasingly irrelevant NATO. A very few postulated a bi-polar new order of
New_world_order_(politics)
American state constitution
constitution are too lax, creating a state constitution that is filled with irrelevant detail and incoherent policies created by conflicting majorities attempting
Constitution_of_California
Way of observing and describing a patient's current state of mind
under the domains of appearance, attitude, behavior, mood and affect, speech, thought process, thought content, perception, cognition, insight, and judgment
Mental_status_examination
Important decisions of US courts
draft-card burning does not violate the First Amendment because its effect on speech is only incidental, and it is justified by the significant governmental
List of landmark court decisions in the United States
List_of_landmark_court_decisions_in_the_United_States
Work of literature by Aristotle
Discusses another figurative part of speech, the simile (also known as an eikon). Similes are only occasionally useful in speech due to their poetic nature and
Rhetoric_(Aristotle)
British psychologist (1928–2020)
Broadbent's filter model is referred to as an Early Selection Model because irrelevant messages are filtered out BEFORE the stimulus information is processed
Donald_Broadbent
2026 armed conflict in West Asia
existential threats" to Israel. Late in the day on 1 April, Trump made a speech addressing the nation, in which he said that the strikes have "dramatically
2026_Iran_war
Application of linguistics to forensics
only to written text, whereas anything involving samples of speech is known as forensic speech science. There are principally three areas of application
Forensic_linguistics
Early theory of attention
According to the modality effect, echoic memory has an advantage over iconic memory. Research has shown that the speech is more apt to objective interpretation
Broadbent's filter model of attention
Broadbent's_filter_model_of_attention
Technological phenomenon with social implications
as truth, while systematically downplaying non-English perspectives as irrelevant, wrong, or noise. When queried about political ideologies such as "What
Algorithmic_bias
Psychological bias towards favoring members of one's in-group
creation of a linkage between a payoff-relevant behavior and a payoff-irrelevant marker. Subsequently, in-group favoritism occurred in ensuing social interactions
In-group_favoritism
Words or phrases using vague claims to appear meaningful
and meaningful has been said, when in fact only a vague, ambiguous, or irrelevant claim has been communicated. The terms may be considered informal. Examples
Weasel_word
2017 manifesto on workplace diversity
got the science wrong and relied on data that was suspect, outdated, irrelevant, or otherwise flawed; these included the feminist Gina Rippon,; evolutionary
Google's Ideological Echo Chamber
Google's_Ideological_Echo_Chamber
American alt-tech social media service
Founded in 2016 and launched publicly in May 2017, Gab claims to promote free speech, individual liberty, the "free flow of information online", and Christian
Gab_(social_network)
American politician and lawyer (born 1962)
Supreme Court, arguing that "how long the child is expected to live" was irrelevant to the case, and that Cox had not proven that the pregnancy threatened
Ken_Paxton
Discredited communication technique in disabled care
technique continued, with supporters dismissing empirical investigations as irrelevant, flawed, or unnecessary, and calling FC an "effective and legitimate intervention"
Facilitated_communication
Subdiscipline of psychology
sensation perception information". A key function of attention is to identify irrelevant data and filter it out, enabling significant data to be distributed to
Cognitive_psychology
IRRELEVANT SPEECH-EFFECT
IRRELEVANT SPEECH-EFFECT
Girl/Female
Tamil
Speech
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Speech
Girl/Female
Hindu
Speech
Girl/Female
Tamil
Speech
Boy/Male
Hindu
Speech
Boy/Male
Tamil
Speech
Girl/Female
Tamil
Speech
Girl/Female
Tamil
Speech
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Tamil
Speech, **
Girl/Female
Hindu
Speech
Girl/Female
Hindu
Speech
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly a topographic name from Middle English crich(e) ‘creek’, but more likely a habitational name from Creech St. Michael in Somerset or East Creech in Dorset, both named with a Celtic element cr{u:_}g ‘mound’, ‘hill’.Scottish : habitational name from Creich in Fife.Possibly an Americanized spelling of the German names mentioned at Creach 2.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Speech
Girl/Female
Hindu
Speech
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Speech
Girl/Female
Tamil
Speech
Girl/Female
Tamil
Ruthvika | à®°à¯à®¤à¯à®µà¯€à®•à®¾Â
Speech
Ruthvika | à®°à¯à®¤à¯à®µà¯€à®•à®¾Â
Girl/Female
Tamil
Speech
Girl/Female
Hindu
Speech, **
Girl/Female
Hindu
Speech
IRRELEVANT SPEECH-EFFECT
IRRELEVANT SPEECH-EFFECT
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
A Blessed Girl; A Pious Girl; Celestial; Girl who is Free from Physical or Moral Defects
Female
Persian/Iranian
Persian name DARYA means "ocean, river, sea." Compare with another form of Darya.
Boy/Male
Irish
Hunch backed.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Your Own
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
New
Boy/Male
British, English, French, Italian
Dice
Girl/Female
Latin American
Born ninth. Traditionally given to the ninth child in a large family.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Unique
Boy/Male
Hindu
Happiness
Girl/Female
German, Irish
Name of a Saint
IRRELEVANT SPEECH-EFFECT
IRRELEVANT SPEECH-EFFECT
IRRELEVANT SPEECH-EFFECT
IRRELEVANT SPEECH-EFFECT
IRRELEVANT SPEECH-EFFECT
v. i. & t.
To make a speech; to harangue.
n.
One who, or that which, causes or promotes speed or success.
n.
The act of making a speech or speeches.
n.
The quality or state of being irrelevant; as, the irrelevancy of an argument.
a.
Not relevant; not applicable or pertinent; not bearing upon or serving to support; foreign; extraneous; as, testimony or arguments irrelevant to a case.
superl.
Not dilatory or slow; quick; swift; nimble; hasty; rapid in motion or performance; as, a speedy flight; on speedy foot.
n.
Wrong speech.
n.
Speech; eloquence.
a.
Not regularly following from the premises; hence, irrelevant; unimportant; of no consequence.
v. t.
To fit or furnish with a breech; as, to breech a gun.
n.
An incidental or casual speech, not directly relating to the point.
n.
Irrelevancy.
v. t.
To whip on the breech.
n.
One who makes a speech or speeches; an orator; a declaimer.
adv.
In a relevant manner.
v. t.
To occupy as a perch.
n.
Talk; conversation; speech; speech.
v. t.
To treat as a surgeon; to doctor; as, to leech wounds.