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Cognitive processes outside conscious awareness or control
Implicit cognition refers to cognitive processes that occur outside conscious awareness or conscious control. This includes domains such as learning, perception
Implicit_cognition
Psychological experiment
research, the IAT has been used to develop theories to understand implicit cognition (i.e. cognitive processes of which a person has no conscious awareness)
Implicit-association_test
Type of long-term human memory
(Carroll & Kirsner, 1982). Explicit memory Implicit association test Implicit cognition Schacter, D. L. (1987). "Implicit memory: history and current status"
Implicit_memory
Mahzarin Banaji's template for definitions of terms related to implicit cognition: "Implicit attitudes are introspectively unidentified (or inaccurately
Implicit_attitude
Mental processing without awareness
Schwartz JL (June 1998). "Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: the implicit association test". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Unconscious_cognition
Loss of awareness of self and environment
unconscious, cognitive processes that take place outside awareness (e.g., implicit cognition), and with altered states of consciousness such as sleep, delirium
Unconsciousness
Unreflected, mistaken attributions to and descriptions of social groups
An implicit bias or implicit stereotype is the pre-reflective attribution of particular qualities by an individual to a member of some social out group
Implicit_stereotype
Unintentional learning of complex information
held on to some remnants of his unconscious (implicit) previous experiences. Implicit memory Implicit cognition Sun, Ron (2008). The Cambridge handbook of
Implicit_learning
Mental connection between ideas or mental states
Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). "Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Association_(psychology)
Mental process dealing with knowledge
Cognition encompasses mental processes that deal with knowledge. It includes psychological activities that acquire, store, retrieve, transform, or apply
Cognition
Self-awareness about thinking, higher-order thinking skills
(1979). The term metacognition literally means 'above cognition' and denotes cognition about cognition, or, more informally, thinking about thinking. Flavell
Metacognition
Interdisciplinary theory
Embodied cognition represents a diverse group of theories which investigate how cognition is shaped by the bodily state and capacities of the organism
Embodied_cognition
Program to expose implicit bias and eliminate discriminatory behaviors
or behavior." Cognitive bias mitigation Implicit-association test Implicit bias Implicit cognition Implicit attitude Internalized oppression Stereotype
Implicit_bias_training
2005 book by Malcolm Gladwell
Anthony G.; et al. (1998). "Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking
Blink:_The_Power_of_Thinking_Without_Thinking
Psychologic theory
artifact (tool to enhance cognition) that allows students to more easily build effective written compositions via explicit and implicit machine-human collaboration
Distributed_cognition
Philosophy of mind where the mind resides beyond the brain and body
information. The hypothesis considers the mind to encompass every level of cognition, including the physical level. It was proposed by Andy Clark and David
Extended_mind_thesis
Human emotional need
Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). "Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The Implicit Association Test" (PDF). Journal of Personality and Social
Self-esteem
Assumption that underlies a logical argument
planning Consensus reality Hidden curriculum Implicit attitude Implicit cognition Implicit leadership theory Implicit memory Implied consent Leading question
Tacit_assumption
Psychological theory of how thought can arise in two different ways
result of two different processes. Often, the two processes consist of an implicit (automatic), unconscious process and an explicit (controlled), conscious
Dual_process_theory
Form of ambivalent racial prejudice
Jordan L. K. (1998). "Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Aversive_racism
Professional association for ACT, RFT, and behavior analysis
behavioral perspectives, such as grammar, metaphor, perspective taking, implicit cognition and reasoning. Established in 2005, ACBS has about 9,000 members.
Association for Contextual Behavioral Science
Association_for_Contextual_Behavioral_Science
Influence of clothing on the wearer's mind
(2018-12-11). "The Effect of Pink/Blue Clothing on Implicit and Explicit Gender-Related Self-Cognition and Attitudes Among Men". Japanese Psychological
Enclothed_cognition
also has in indirect positive impact on the individual's well-being. Implicit cognition Leader-member Exchange Theory Forsyth, D. R. (2009). Group dynamics
Implicit_leadership_theory
Study of cognitive processes involved in social interactions
Social cognition is a topic within psychology that focuses on how people process, store, and apply information about other people and social situations
Social_cognition
1649 book by René Descartes
(philosophy) Balloonist theory Discourse on the Method Mind–body problem Implicit cognition Principles of Philosophy Amélie Oksenberg Rorty, "From Passions to
Passions_of_the_Soul
Work by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996, ISBN 0-521-57660-1. Implicit cognition Oeuvres philosophiques, latines et françoises, de feu Mr. de Leibnitz
New Essays on Human Understanding
New_Essays_on_Human_Understanding
Revelation of intelligibility
Habitus Heideggerian terminology Hidden curriculum Hubert Dreyfus Implicit cognition Implicit memory Receptivity Tacit knowledge Utopia for Realists Nikolas
World_disclosure
Race or ethnic-based discrimination
social psychology as implicit associations and implicit attitudes, a component of implicit cognition. Implicit attitudes are evaluations that occur without
Racism
Concept in psychology and communication studies
Learning. Fazio, Russell H.; Olson, Michael A. (2003). "Implicit Measures in Social Cognition Research: Their Meaning and Use" (PDF). Annual Review of
Attitude_(psychology)
Philosophy of education
element of teacher education becomes addressing implicit biases (also known as implicit cognition or implicit stereotypes) that can subconsciously affect
Critical_pedagogy
Marketing technique
Jordan L. K. (1998). "Measuring Individual Differences in Implicit Cognition: The Implicit Association Test". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Product_placement
Psychological theory
2007.00477.x. Greenwald, Anthony.G; Banaji, Mahzarin.R (1995). "Implicit social cognition:Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes" (PDF). Psychological
Adaptive_unconscious
Forming something new and somehow valuable
an unconscious process, and concerns spontaneous cognition, which encompasses daydreaming and implicit learning ability. Kaufman argues that creativity
Creativity
Type of psychological experiment
Schwartz, J.L.K. (1998). Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Indirect_tests_of_memory
Interdisciplinary field in neuroscience
Schwartz J. L. K. (1998). "Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The Implicit Association Test". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Social_neuroscience
Characteristic of human disposition
Self-Esteem: Implicit and Explicit Forms of Self-Esteem, Chapter 21 of: Bertram Gawronski; B. Keith Payne (27 June 2011). Handbook of Implicit Social Cognition: Measurement
Implicit_self-esteem
Dutch psychologist and writer
applications, including mobile and gamified formats. Handbook of Implicit Cognition and Addiction (2006) A New Approach to Addiction and Choice (2024)
Reinout_Wiers
Process of storage and retrieval memory
Thierry; Van der Linden, Martial (2003). "Implicit learning of complex information in amnesia". Brain and Cognition. 52 (2): 250–257. doi:10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00081-2
Long-term_memory
Aspect of organizational theory
Jordan L. K. (1998). "Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Intergroup_relations
American social psychologist
physiological stimuli, and implicit cognition. Bargh's concentration on the influence of unconscious and automatic behavior and cognition grows from a fundamental
John_Bargh
Faculty of mind to store and retrieve data
often understood as an information processing system with explicit and implicit functioning that is made up of a sensory processor, short-term (or working)
Memory
clear representation-based or process-based difference between implicit and explicit cognition, or between procedural and declarative memory; it is based
CLARION (cognitive architecture)
CLARION_(cognitive_architecture)
Connections between individuals and nature
Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Nature_connectedness
Inclination for or against
September 23, 2015. Greenwald, A. G.; Banaji, M. R. (1995). "Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes". Psychological Review
Bias
Interdisciplinary scientific study of cognitive processes
its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists
Cognitive_science
Psychological sensation and phenomenon
déjà vu experiences with good memory functions, particularly long-term implicit memory. Recognition memory enables people to realize the event or activity
Déjà_vu
Cognitive bias on facial recognition
as well as implicit racial bias. A number of theories as to why the cross-race effect exists have been conceived, including social cognition and perceptual
Cross-race_effect
Concepts in social and developmental psychology
In social and developmental psychology, an individual's implicit theory of intelligence refers to his or her fundamental underlying beliefs regarding whether
Implicit theories of intelligence
Implicit_theories_of_intelligence
German social psychologist (born 1971)
Groom, C. (2005). Separating multiple processes in implicit social cognition: The Quad-Model of implicit task performance. Journal of Personality and Social
Bertram_Gawronski
positive affect for previously exposed items than for novel items. Since implicit cognition should not reference previous study episodes, the effects on affect
Artificial_grammar_learning
Belgian research director (b. 1962)
PhD under the supervision of James McClelland in 1991, on modelling of implicit sequence learning by means of artificial neural networks. Thereafter he
Axel_Cleeremans
Inaccurately perceiving a relationship between two unrelated events
studies performed by Ratliff and Nosek examined whether or not explicit and implicit attitudes affected illusory correlations. In one study, Ratliff and Nosek
Illusory_correlation
French philosopher (1766-1824)
VII. Vol. VIII. Vol. IX. Philipp Albert Stapfer James Mark Baldwin Implicit cognition Horst Albert Glaser and György Mihály Vajda, eds. (2000). Die Wende
Maine_de_Biran
1956 psychology paper by George Miller on working memory capacity
theorizing, rigorous and less rigorous, about the capacity limits of human cognition. The number seven constitutes a useful heuristic, reminding us that lists
The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two
The_Magical_Number_Seven,_Plus_or_Minus_Two
Process of acquiring new knowledge
can be communicated through language (declarative/explicit vs procedural/implicit). Some of these categories can, in turn, be parsed into sub-types. For
Learning
Branch of psychology
Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in psychology that examines cognition and behavior from a modern evolutionary perspective. It seeks to identify
Evolutionary_psychology
Neural, cognitive, and behavioral effects of physical exercise
possible interrelated effects on brain structure, brain function, and cognition. Research in humans has demonstrated that consistent aerobic exercise
Neurobiological effects of physical exercise
Neurobiological_effects_of_physical_exercise
Systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment
impact of an individual's constitution and biological state (see embodied cognition), or simply from a limited capacity for information processing. Cognitive
Cognitive_bias
Ability to deal with fear
research of implicit theories was to find "people's form and content on the idea of courage". Many researchers created studies on implicit theories by
Courage
Theory of cognition
Fuzzy-trace theory (FTT) is a theory of cognition originally proposed by Valerie F. Reyna and Charles Brainerd to explain cognitive phenomena, particularly
Fuzzy-trace_theory
Computer-based psychological measure
(2010). "Implicit measures: similarities and differences". In Gawronski, Bertram; Payne, B. Keith (eds.). Handbook of implicit social cognition: measurement
Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure
Implicit_Relational_Assessment_Procedure
Group of neural structures responsible for motivation and desire
beneficial stimuli and minimizing contact with harmful stimuli. Reward cognition serves to increase the likelihood of survival and reproduction by causing
Reward_system
Social psychology theory
Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Ambivalent_prejudice
Implicit personality theory describes the specific patterns and biases an individual uses when forming impressions based on a limited amount of initial
Implicit_personality_theory
Psychological theory of human language
Relational frame theory (RFT) is a behavior analytic theory of human language, cognition, and behaviour developed by Steven C. Hayes. RFT is rooted in functional
Relational_frame_theory
Philosophical concept
information processing system, and that cognition and consciousness together are a form of computation. Cognition, distinct from consciousness, is explained
Hard_problem_of_consciousness
Indian social psychologist (born 1956)
some of their points. Greenwald, A. G. & Banaji, M. R. (1995). Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes. Psychological Review
Mahzarin_Banaji
explicit and implicit memories? What molecule is responsible for synaptic tagging? Neuroplasticity: How plastic is the mature brain? Cognition and decisions:
List of unsolved problems in neuroscience
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_neuroscience
Sense of controlling one's own actions
volitional actions in the world. It is the pre-reflective awareness or implicit sense that it is I who is executing bodily movement(s) or thinking thoughts
Sense_of_agency
Acquisition, organization, and use of knowledge about spatial environments
In cognitive psychology, spatial cognition is the acquisition, organization, utilization, and revision of knowledge about spatial environments. It is
Spatial_cognition
Social psychologist and professor of psychology
California, Davis. He is known for his research on social cognition, stereotyping, and implicit bias. Sherman was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan and grew up
Jeffrey_Sherman
exposure to available options, or through unconscious cognition. Intuition is based on the implicit knowledge available to the decision-maker. For example
Intuition_and_decision-making
Effect of psychological interference on reaction time
psychology to test implicit biases such as racial bias via an implicit-association test. A notable study of this is Project Implicit from Harvard University
Stroop_effect
Realization concept
draws upon implicit and tacit resources and characteristics of users and of the plan's components. Application software Situated cognition "Framework
Implementation
parent). Direct negative evidence can be further divided into explicit and implicit forms. On the other hand, indirect negative evidence is used to determine
Negative evidence in language acquisition
Negative_evidence_in_language_acquisition
Psychological model of memory
comparison of two implicit memory tests: word fragment and word stem completion". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. 18 (6):
Levels_of_processing_model
Social psychology professor
sequence. American Psychologist, 35(10), 867–881. Priming Implicit cognition Social cognition Fazio, R. H. "Russell Fazio Ohio State University Faculty
Russell_H._Fazio
Psychological focus, perception and prioritising discrete information
of perceptual load in inattentional blindness". Cognition. 102 (3): 321–340. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2006.01.002. ISSN 0010-0277. PMID 16480973. S2CID 11075314
Attention
Types of atheism
exist, but do not assert such non-belief, are included among implicit atheists. Among "implicit" atheists are thus included the following: children and adults
Negative_and_positive_atheism
Processing of natural language by a computer
Natural language understanding below). Semantic role labelling (see also implicit semantic role labelling below) Given a single sentence, identify and disambiguate
Natural_language_processing
Experience of feeling or emotion
examined with noted differences indicated, and some argue affect and cognition are under the control of separate and partially independent systems that
Affect_(psychology)
Study of social effects on people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
between traditional, self-reported attitudes and implicit, unconscious attitudes. Experiments using the Implicit Association Test (IAT), for instance, have
Social_psychology
American memory disorder patient
unconscious motor centers and parts of the brain responsible for procedural implicit memory such as the basal ganglia and cerebellum can remember things that
Henry_Molaison
Stereotype
underpinnings and evidence for the physical attractiveness stereotype. The implicit personality theory is the unconscious assumptions one makes about another's
Physical attractiveness stereotype
Physical_attractiveness_stereotype
Impact of culture on musical perception
Culture in music cognition refers to the impact that a person's culture has on their music cognition, including their preferences, emotion recognition
Culture_in_music_cognition
German experimental psychologist and professor
means to know: Explicit but no implicit agency for prevention behavior". Cognition. 206 (1) 104489. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104489. ISSN 0010-0277.
Katharina_A._Schwarz
Ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others
use its own concepts to study "theory of mind"". Cognition. 107 (1): 266–283. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2007.07.019. PMID 17868666. Carruthers, P. (1996)
Theory_of_mind
The Interface of Explicit and Implicit Second-Language Knowledge: A Longitudinal Study. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 26(4), 709–723. doi:10.1017/S1366728922000773
Theories of second-language acquisition
Theories_of_second-language_acquisition
Theory explaining defense of status quo systems
for other groups) on both implicit and explicit measures, and they displayed higher instances of outgroup favoritism on implicit measures than on explicit
System_justification_theory
Generalized belief about people
Questions". Implicit.Harvard.edu. Retrieved 14 April 2018. Hinton, Perry (1 September 2017). "Implicit stereotypes and the predictive brain: Cognition and culture
Stereotype
American psychologist (1940–2025)
perspective. Consciousness and Cognition, 1, 93‑133. Reber, A. S., Walkenfeld, F. F., & Hernstadt, R. (1991). Implicit learning: Individual differences
Arthur_S._Reber
Differences in the mental functions and behaviors of the sexes
articles specifically on the subject of sex and cognition. Since studying gender differences in cognition, Kimura has further proved generalizations made
Sex_differences_in_psychology
Loss of short-term memory
verbal labeling. Other techniques are used in rehabilitation, such as implicit tasks, speech and mnemotechnic methods. So far, it has been proven that
Anterograde_amnesia
Critical factors contributing to the emotional enhancement effect on human memory
positive and negative words independent of arousal". Cognition. 129 (3): 530–535. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2013.08.014. PMID 24041838. S2CID 4665900. Abercrombie
Emotion_and_memory
that process implicit memory are the basal ganglia and the cerebellum. Research suggests that HFA and M-LFA individuals show strong implicit memory functions
Autism_and_memory
Memory about one's environment and spatial orientation
Brain and Cognition. 52 (3): 364–381. doi:10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00183-0. PMID 12907181. Chun, M.; Jiang, Y. (1998). "Contextual Cueing: implicit learning
Spatial_memory
The cultural cognition of risk, sometimes called simply cultural cognition, is the hypothesized tendency to perceive risks and related facts in relation
Cultural_cognition
Psychological phenomenon
that thought (cognition) and feeling (affect) are distinct, and that cognition is not free from affect, nor is affect free of cognition: that "the form
Mere-exposure_effect
Psychological concept
insights into cognition evolution and, specifically, the knowledge development about a contribution of shared intentionality to cognition and social reality
Shared_intentionality
Psychology of human consumption of meat
of study seeking to illuminate the confluence of morality, emotions, cognition, and personality characteristics in the phenomenon of the consumption
Psychology_of_eating_meat
IMPLICIT COGNITION
IMPLICIT COGNITION
Girl/Female
Indian
Simplicity and purity
Girl/Female
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Virtuous Woman; Simplicity
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Love for Simplicity
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Old English Englisc. The word had originally distinguished Angles (see Engel) from Saxons and other Germanic peoples in the British Isles, but by the time surnames were being acquired it no longer had this meaning. Its frequency as an English surname is somewhat surprising. It may have been commonly used in the early Middle Ages as a distinguishing epithet for an Anglo-Saxon in areas where the culture was not predominantly English--for example the Danelaw area, Scotland, and parts of Wales--or as a distinguishing name after 1066 for a non-Norman in the regions of most intensive Norman settlement. However, explicit evidence for these assumptions is lacking, and at the present day the surname is fairly evenly distributed throughout the country.Irish : see Golightly.
Girl/Female
Greek Latin Spanish
Pastoral simplicity and happiness.
Girl/Female
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Goddess Laxmi; Prosperity; Simplicity; Lovable; Affectionate; Wealthy; Fortunate
Girl/Female
Indian
Simplicity and purity
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Victory of Simplicity
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
More Polite; Simplicity
Girl/Female
Tamil
Hitansi | ஹிதாஂஸீ
Simplicity and purity
Hitansi | ஹிதாஂஸீ
Girl/Female
Tamil
Hitanshi | ஹிதாஂஷீÂ
Simplicity and purity
Hitanshi | ஹிதாஂஷீÂ
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
One with Simplicity; Special Person of All Beings
IMPLICIT COGNITION
IMPLICIT COGNITION
Boy/Male
Hindu
Who delights in victory
Male
Native American
Variant form of Cheyenne Ocumwhowurst, OCUNNOWHURST means "yellow wolf."
Boy/Male
Afghan, Arabic, French, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Pashtun, Sindhi
Soft Hearted; Kind; Compassionate; Tender; Beneficent; Affectionate; Soft; Pardoning
Boy/Male
Gaelic
Steward.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Childs plaything
Girl/Female
Indian
Brilliant, Beautiful, Passionate, Woman
Boy/Male
Tamil
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Bengali, British, Christian, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Italian, Kannada, Latin, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Spanish, Swedish, Telugu
Lady of Sorrows; Strong Woman; Sorrow; Little and Womanly; Female Version of Charles; Carl; Renowned in Battle; Fickle; Changing; Beautiful; Goddess Lakshmi
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Indian
Born in Pous Month
Biblical
a bush, enmity
IMPLICIT COGNITION
IMPLICIT COGNITION
IMPLICIT COGNITION
IMPLICIT COGNITION
IMPLICIT COGNITION
a.
Illicit.
a.
Not implied merely, or conveyed by implication; distinctly stated; plain in language; open to the understanding; clear; not obscure or ambiguous; express; unequivocal; as, an explicit declaration.
n.
Freedom from artificial ornament, pretentious style, or luxury; plainness; as, simplicity of dress, of style, or of language; simplicity of diet; simplicity of life.
a.
Tacitly comprised; fairly to be understood, though not expressed in words; implied; as, an implicit contract or agreement.
adv.
In an implicit manner; without reserve; with unreserved confidence.
n.
Simplicity; silliness.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Implicate
adv.
By implication; impliedly; as, to deny the providence of God is implicitly to deny his existence.
a.
Not permitted or allowed; prohibited; unlawful; as, illicit trade; illicit intercourse; illicit pleasure.
n.
Simplicity.
n.
State or quality of being implicit.
n.
The quality or state of being simple, unmixed, or uncompounded; as, the simplicity of metals or of earths.
a.
Infolded; entangled; complicated; involved.
n.
Freedom from subtlety or abstruseness; clearness; as, the simplicity of a doctrine; the simplicity of an explanation or a demonstration.
a.
Having no disguised meaning or reservation; unreserved; outspoken; -- applied to persons; as, he was earnest and explicit in his statement.
n.
The quality or state of being not complex, or of consisting of few parts; as, the simplicity of a machine.
n.
An explicit declaration.
a.
Tending to implicate.
a.
Resting on another; trusting in the word or authority of another, without doubt or reserve; unquestioning; complete; as, implicit confidence; implicit obedience.
imp. & p. p.
of Implicate