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study of evolutionary systems is an important subcategory of Complex Systems research. Biological system Emergent organization Evolutionary computation
Evolutionary_systems
Trial and error problem solvers with a metaheuristic or stochastic optimization character
Evolutionary computation (EC) from computer science is a family of algorithms for global optimization inspired by biological evolution, and a subfield
Evolutionary_computation
Subject inspired by evolutionary biology
interdependencies, self-evolving systems, and limited rationality as the drivers of economic evolution. The support for the evolutionary approach to economics in
Evolutionary_economics
Activity of creating prototypes of software applications
2010-12-16. John Crinnion: Evolutionary Systems Development, a practical guide to the use of prototyping within a structured systems methodology. Plenum Press
Software_prototyping
Graphical representation of one or more eyewitnesses' memories of a face
FACES software A facial composite produced by PortraitPad software Evolutionary systems may be broadly described as holistic or global in that they primarily
Facial_composite
System of ownership, production and exchange
ideologies, political systems and certain economic systems (for example, consider the meanings of the term "communism"). Many economic systems overlap each other
Economic_system
Art generated by an iterated process
Evolutionary art is a branch of generative art, in which the artist does not do the work of constructing the artwork, but rather lets a system do the construction
Evolutionary_art
Subset of evolutionary computation
Evolutionary algorithms (EA) reproduce essential elements of biological evolution in a computer algorithm in order to solve "difficult" problems, at least
Evolutionary_algorithm
Audio counterpart to evolutionary art
Evolutionary music is the audio counterpart to evolutionary art, whereby algorithmic music is created using an evolutionary algorithm. The process begins
Evolutionary_music
Study of the evolution of nervous systems
Evolutionary neuroscience is the scientific study of the evolution of nervous systems. Evolutionary neuroscientists investigate the evolution and natural
Evolutionary_neuroscience
Accelerating change proposed by Ray Kurzweil
Machines. According to it, the rate of change in a wide variety of evolutionary systems (including but not limited to the growth of technologies) tends to
The Law of Accelerating Returns
The_Law_of_Accelerating_Returns
Phylum of invertebrates with jointed exoskeletons
from nonexistent to the prolonged care provided by social insects. The evolutionary ancestry of arthropods dates back to the Cambrian period. The group is
Arthropod
Part of an animal that coordinates actions and senses
autonomic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system is further subdivided into the sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems. The sympathetic
Nervous_system
Branching diagram of evolutionary relationships between organisms
phylogenetic tree or phylogeny is a graphical representation which shows the evolutionary history between a set of species or taxa during a specific time. In other
Phylogenetic_tree
Change in the heritable traits of populations
of biological populations over successive generations. It occurs when evolutionary processes such as genetic drift and natural selection act on genetic
Evolution
Complex network which connects several biologically relevant entities
chlorophyll Systems science portal Biological network Artificial life Biological systems engineering Evolutionary systems Organ system Systems biology Systems ecology
Biological_system
Study of evolutionary changes in physiological characteristics
Evolutionary physiology is the study of the biological evolution of physiological structures and processes; that is, the manner in which the functional
Evolutionary_physiology
Self-replicating cellular automaton
(1998), "Selected Self-Organization and the Semiotics of Evolutionary Systems", Evolutionary Systems, pp. 341–358, doi:10.1007/978-94-017-1510-2_25, ISBN 978-90-481-5103-5
Von Neumann universal constructor
Von_Neumann_universal_constructor
Mechanism of evolution by differential reproduction
energy by a system, a concept later developed by Howard T. Odum as the maximum power principle in thermodynamics, whereby evolutionary systems with selective
Natural_selection
Set of brain structures involved in emotion and motivation
memory, and olfaction. The limbic system is involved in lower order emotional processing of input from sensory systems and consists of the amygdala, mammillary
Limbic_system
Embodied approach to artificial intelligence
Thompson, Adrian; Jakobi, Nick (1997). "Evolutionary robotics: the Sussex approach". Robotics and Autonomous Systems. 20 (2–4): 205–224. doi:10.1016/S0921-8890(96)00067-X
Evolutionary_robotics
Branch of psychology
Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in psychology that examines cognition and behavior from a modern evolutionary perspective. It seeks
Evolutionary_psychology
Evolutionary algorithm with a defined structure
2021). "Modified multi-objective evolutionary programming algorithm for solving project scheduling problems". Expert Systems with Applications. 183 115338
Evolutionary_programming
Software agent which acts autonomously
Function: Used in reinforcement learning. Fitness Function: Used in evolutionary systems. Goals, and therefore the objective function, can be: Explicitly
Intelligent_agent
Area of mathematics
Dynamical systems theory is an area of mathematics used to describe the behavior of complex dynamical systems, usually by employing differential equations
Dynamical_systems_theory
Interactive evolutionary computation (IEC) or aesthetic selection is a general term for methods of evolutionary computation that use human evaluation
Interactive evolutionary computation
Interactive_evolutionary_computation
Interaction of biology and evolution
Evolutionary ecology is a science at the intersection of ecology and evolutionary biology. It approaches the study of ecology in a way that explicitly
Evolutionary_ecology
Evolutionary thought, the recognition that species change over time and the perceived understanding of how such processes work, has roots in antiquity
History of evolutionary thought
History_of_evolutionary_thought
Branch of biology
demographic or selective history Building population genetics models of evolutionary systems from first principles in order to predict what is likely to evolve
Computational_biology
Study of evolution on morality or ethics
Evolutionary ethics is a field of inquiry that explores how evolutionary theory might bear on our understanding of ethics or morality. The range of issues
Evolutionary_ethics
First Law: The Tendency for Diversity and Complexity to Increase in Evolutionary Systems. The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226562254. McShea, D.
Zero-Force_Evolutionary_Law
Conference on evolutionary computation
Engineering Systems, Innovations and Applications (1995–1999) through the IEE, combined to co-sponsor the newly named IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation
IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation
IEEE_Congress_on_Evolutionary_Computation
Academic journal
The Journal of Social and Evolutionary Systems was a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the intersection of biology and sociology. It
Journal of Social and Evolutionary Systems
Journal_of_Social_and_Evolutionary_Systems
Sociobiological approaches to linguistics
Evolutionary linguistics or Darwinian linguistics is a sociobiological approach to the study of language. Evolutionary linguists consider linguistics as
Evolutionary_linguistics
Approach to economic theory based on an evolutionary model
for ultimately stable parameters in evolutionary systems is futile, for they probably do not exist.... Social systems have Heisenberg principles all over
Kenneth Boulding's evolutionary perspective
Kenneth_Boulding's_evolutionary_perspective
Overview of and topical guide to change in the heritable characteristics of organisms
modern evolutionary theory to understanding health and disease Evolutionary neuroscience – Study of the evolution of nervous systems Evolutionary psychology –
Outline_of_evolution
Application of game theory to evolving populations in biology
Evolutionary game theory (EGT) is the application of game theory to evolving populations in biology. It defines a framework of contests, strategies, and
Evolutionary_game_theory
Competitive algorithm for searching a problem space
the process of natural selection that belongs to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms (EA) in computer science and operations research. Genetic
Genetic_algorithm
A glossary of terms relating to systems theory. Adaptive capacity: An important part of the resilience of systems in the face of a perturbation, helping
Glossary_of_systems_theory
Origin and subsequent variation and development of neurons and neural tissues and organs
The evolution of nervous systems dates back to the first development of nervous systems in animals (or metazoans). Neurons developed as specialized electrical
Evolution_of_nervous_systems
Evolutionary science thought experiment
illustrating it. Their aim is to demonstrate that the process that drives evolutionary systems—random variation combined with non-random cumulative selection—is
Weasel_program
System where changes of output are not proportional to changes of input
and many other scientists since most systems are inherently nonlinear in nature. Nonlinear dynamical systems, describing changes in variables over time
Nonlinear_system
System composed of many interacting components
such as power grid, transportation or communication systems, complex software and electronic systems, social and economic organizations (like cities), an
Complex_system
American evolutionary biologist
Institute International's Human Information Processing Research Labs Evolutionary Systems Department. In 1998 Ray became a Professor in the Zoology (later
Thomas_S._Ray
Device able to make copies of itself
(1998), "Selected Self-Organization and the Semiotics of Evolutionary Systems", Evolutionary Systems, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 341–358, doi:10.1007/978-94-017-1510-2_25
Self-replicating_machine
Computer simulation of life by the ecologist Thomas S. Ray
and concluded that Tierra-like systems do not exhibit the open-ended evolutionary signatures of naturally evolving systems. Russell K. Standish has measured
Tierra_(computer_simulation)
Evolutionary finance is an approach to studying finance that uses random dynamical systems theory to examine financial markets where there are complex
Evolutionary_finance
Field of study
out and adapt these systems to local conditions (Gelman, 1990; Gelman & Williams, 1998; Gelman, 2003). The principles of evolutionary educational psychology
Evolutionary educational psychology
Evolutionary_educational_psychology
humans. Among evolutionary genetic systems, HBGA is the computer-based analogue of genetic engineering (Allan, 2005). This table compares systems on lines
Human-based_genetic_algorithm
Organ system for circulating blood in animals
Monahan-Earley, R.; Dvorak, A. M.; Aird, W. C. (2013). "Evolutionary origins of the blood vascular system and endothelium". Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
Circulatory_system
confrontation of evolutionary systems governing evolutions and viability constraints that such evolutions must obey. They share common features: Systems designed
Viability_theory
Examining complex systems as a whole
enabling systems change. Systems thinking draws on and contributes to conceptual systems, systems theory, and the system sciences. The word system has several
Systems_thinking
Point in evolutionary space where selection always leads
An evolutionary attractor is a point in an evolutionary space where a selection process will always drive trait values towards that point from the region
Evolutionary_attractor
Evolutionary process
it is the dynamic evolutionary process of natural selection that fits organisms to their environment, enhancing their evolutionary fitness. Secondly,
Adaptation
Branch of philosophy of science
Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi's evolutionary sociocultural systems model of creativity is an explicitly Darwinian evolutionary model of the variation, selection
Philosophy_of_evolution
Process of forming order by local interactions
environment of the system. Luhmann developed an evolutionary theory of society and its subsystems, using functional analyses and systems theory. Anarchism
Self-organization
on hardware systems and computing tissues. Artificial life Cognitive robotics Morphogenetic robotics Developmental robotics Evolutionary robotics Y. Jin
Evolutionary developmental robotics
Evolutionary_developmental_robotics
Evolutionary and developmental biology theory
modern evolutionary synthesis on the roles of genes and natural selection as the principal explanation of living structures. Developmental systems theory
Developmental_systems_theory
computational representations for boosting the performance of artificial evolutionary systems in the domain of search and optimization. The term memetic computing
Memetic_computing
When evolution cannot enhance one trait without diminishing another
In evolutionary biology, an evolutionary tradeoff is a situation in which evolution cannot advance one part of a biological system without distressing
Evolutionary_tradeoff
Swiss born polycultural systems scientist
polycultural systems scientist, currently residing in Argentina. Laszlo was the 57th President of the International Society for the Systems Sciences (ISSS)
Alexander_Laszlo
Evolution and neuroscience of romantic love
romantic love has been explored by such biological sciences as evolutionary psychology, evolutionary biology, anthropology, and neuroscience. Neurochemicals
Biology_of_romantic_love
Evolutionary Governance Theory (EGT) is theoretical framework for analysing and explaining governance and its evolution. It is an approach that addresses
Evolutionary governance theory
Evolutionary_governance_theory
ballet. He was on the editorial board of the Journal of Social and Evolutionary Systems and starting in 1989 was a member of Connected Education's online
David_G._Hays
Evolution of crustaceans into crab-like forms
crustaceans evolve a crab-like body plan. The term was introduced into evolutionary biology by Lancelot Alexander Borradaile, who described it in 1916 as
Carcinisation
Selection is a genetic operator in an evolutionary algorithm (EA). An EA is a metaheuristic inspired by biological evolution and aims to solve challenging
Selection (evolutionary algorithm)
Selection_(evolutionary_algorithm)
Psychology field concerned with Darwinian evolution
developmental systems subsequently branched off into evolutionary developmental biology. Despite the minimization of development in evolutionary theory, early
Evolutionary developmental psychology
Evolutionary_developmental_psychology
Class of ectothermic tetrapods
feeding. Terrestrial adults discarded their lateral line systems and adapted their sensory systems to receive stimuli via the medium of the air. They needed
Amphibian
Science of classifying organisms
systematics, the Linnaean system has transformed into a system of modern biological classification intended to reflect the evolutionary relationships among
Taxonomy_(biology)
American computer scientist
the Web and in Social Systems, and Agent-based models of Evolutionary Systems such as RNA Editing and Artificial Immune Systems. Rocha is a proponent
Luis_M._Rocha
Form of biological classification
Evolutionary taxonomy, evolutionary systematics or Darwinian classification is a branch of biological classification that seeks to classify organisms
Evolutionary_taxonomy
Modelling evolution using differential equations
Evolutionary biology portal Evolutionary dynamics is a branch of mathematical evolutionary biology that developed from research using differential equations
Evolutionary_dynamics
Problem-solving method
heuristics are simple, efficient rules, either learned or inculcated by evolutionary processes. These psychological heuristics have been proposed to explain
Heuristic
Methods that imitate, replicate or use natural processes
evolutionary computation. More recent computational systems abstracted from natural processes include swarm intelligence, artificial immune systems,
Natural_computing
Trait that determines an organism's sexually reproductive function
sex-determination systems in animals include the ZW system in birds and the XO system in some insects. Various environmental systems include temperature-dependent
Biological_sex
Form of artificial intelligence
or neuro-evolution, is a form of artificial intelligence that uses evolutionary algorithms to generate artificial neural networks (ANN), parameters,
Neuroevolution
Process where information about current status is used to influence future status
space of a system. The term bipolar feedback has been coined to refer to biological systems where positive and negative feedback systems can interact
Feedback
Interdisciplinary study of systems
Systems theory is the transdisciplinary study of systems, i.e., cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or artificial
Systems_theory
Study of circular causal processes
liquidated the subfields of self-organizing systems, neural networks and adaptive machines, evolutionary programming, biological computation, and bionics
Cybernetics
Interdisciplinary study
theory – Theory of human behavior Evolutionary neuroscience – Study of the evolution of nervous systems Evolutionary psychology – Branch of psychology
Evolutionary_anthropology
Science regarding functions in organisms or living systems
focus of physiology is at the level of organs and systems within systems. The endocrine and nervous systems play major roles in the reception and transmission
Physiology
Attributes of living species that arose due to coevolution with other now-extinct species
Evolutionary anachronism, also known as "ecological anachronism", is a term initially referring to attributes of certain plant species that possess traits
Evolutionary_anachronism
Evolutionary approaches to depression are attempts by evolutionary psychologists and evolutionary psychiatrists to use the theory of evolution to further
Evolutionary approaches to depression
Evolutionary_approaches_to_depression
Computer composed of organic material
neuromorphic systems". Proceedings of the IEEE. Leu, George; Singh, Hemant Kumar; Elsayed, Saber (2016-11-08). Intelligent and Evolutionary Systems: The 20th
Wetware_computer
Approach to systems analyis
adaptation of uncertain evolutionary systems to environments defined by constraints, the values of which determine the viability of the system. Both formal and
Viable_system_theory
Interdisciplinary branch of biology and engineering
engineering to develop new biological parts, devices, and systems or to redesign existing systems found in nature. The field encompasses a broad range of
Synthetic_biology
British author and computer scientist
London. His research focuses on evolutionary computation, artificial life, swarm intelligence, artificial immune systems, artificial neural networks and
Peter_J._Bentley
Hypothetical ability of the human species to choose what they will become
connections to integral theory, metamodernism, General Evolutionary Theory (also known as Evolutionary Systems Theory), Spiral Dynamics, and noosphere thought
Conscious_evolution
American psychologist (1925–2022)
1925 – January 25, 2022) was an American author, psychologist, and evolutionary systems scientist. Born in Palo Alto, California, Loye served in World War
David_Elliot_Loye
The following is a list of evolutionary psychology research groups and centers.
Evolutionary psychology research groups and centers
Evolutionary_psychology_research_groups_and_centers
Application of Darwinian theory to other fields
adaptive systems models the dynamics of complex systems in part on the basis of the variation and selection of its components Evolutionary archaeology
Universal_Darwinism
Software system combining multiple techniques
Neuro-symbolic systems Neuro-fuzzy systems Hybrid connectionist-symbolic models Fuzzy expert systems Connectionist expert systems Evolutionary neural networks
Hybrid_intelligent_system
Scientific view of guided evolution by God
theistic evolutionism or God-guided evolution, or alternatively called evolutionary creationism) is a view that God acts and creates through laws of nature
Theistic_evolution
The history of evolutionary psychology began with Charles Darwin, who argued that all the most human of human capacities—the human intellect, rationality
History of evolutionary psychology
History_of_evolutionary_psychology
Ability of a system to handle an increasing amount of work
a system to handle a growing amount of work. One definition for software systems specifies that this may be done by adding resources to the system. In
Scalability
Planetary system consisting of the Sun and objects orbiting it
Solar System is an ordered system, as are 37% of observed systems. Similar systems however are the majority, comprising 59% of observed systems, while
Solar_System
Process in biology
complex systems may help to explain why robustness appears to be in conflict with flexibility and adaptability, as seen in software, systems engineering
Degeneracy_(biology)
Population models of evolutionary algorithms
The population model of an evolutionary algorithm (EA) describes the structural properties of its population to which its members are subject. A population
Population model (evolutionary algorithm)
Population_model_(evolutionary_algorithm)
Scientific study of life
ecosystems. Subdisciplines include molecular biology, physiology, ecology, evolutionary biology, developmental biology, and systematics, among others. Each of
Biology
Algorithm for searching a problem space
memetic algorithm (MA) is an extension of an evolutionary algorithm (EA) that aims to accelerate the evolutionary search for the optimum. An EA is a metaheuristic
Memetic_algorithm
EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMS
EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMS
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.John Mifflin (born 1640) came to Delaware from Warminster, Wiltshire, England, in the 1670s. He is probably the same person as the John Mifflin, a Quaker, who built his home, ‘Fountain Green’, in Fairmont Park, Philadelphia, in 1679. His fourth-generation descendant Thomas Mifflin (1744–1800) was a member of the Continental Congress, a revolutionary soldier, and governor of PA.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : topographic name for someone who lived by a bush or hedge of hawthorn (Old English haguþorn, hægþorn, i.e. thorn used for making hedges and enclosures, Old English haga, (ge)hæg), or a habitational name from a place named with this word, such as Hawthorn in County Durham. In Scotland the surname originated in the Durham place name, and from Scotland it was taken to Ireland. This spelling is now found primarily in northern Ireland.The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–64) was a direct descendant of Major William Hathorne, one of the English Puritans who settled in MA in 1630, and whose son John Hathorne was one of the judges in the Salem witchcraft trials. The writer’s father was a sea captain, as was his grandfather, the revolutionary war hero Daniel Hathorne (1731–96). The spelling of the surname was altered by the novelist.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of the places so called, in southwestern Lancashire (now Merseyside), Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire, Shropshire, and Devon, all of which are named from Old English prēost ‘priest’ + cot ‘cottage’, ‘dwelling’. The surname is most common in Lancashire, and so it seems likely that the first of these places is the most frequent source. It is also present in Ireland, being recorded there first in the 15th century.John Prescott of Standish, Lancaster, England, arrived in New England in 1640 and in 1643 was one of the first settlers of Lancaster, MA. His descendants include several prominent Americans of the revolutionary war, including Samuel Prescott, born in Concord, MA, in 1751, whose fame lies in completing the midnight ride of warning in 1775 after Paul Revere was captured.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Hain 1–3.Isaac Hayne (1745–81) was an American revolutionary militia officer, executed by the British for breaking parole. He owned an ironworks and was manufacturing ammunition for the American forces when he was caught. His grandfather had emigrated from England to SC in about 1700.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Read 1.An early American bearer of the common British name was George Reed who emigrated from England in 1635 with his son, William, and settled in Woburn, MA, several years later. His grandson James (1722–1807), a revolutionary war soldier who distinguished himself at the battle of Bunker Hill, moved to Fitzwilliam, NH, and was one of the original NH proprietors.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from either of two places, in Hertfordshire and Surrey, called Puttenham, from the genitive case of the Old English byname Putta, meaning ‘kite’ (the bird) + Old English hÄm ‘homestead’.John Putnam emigrated from England to Salem, MA, before 1641, and established a family that was still prominent in Massachusetts four generations later, including the revolutionary war soldier Israel Putnam (1718–90) and his cousin Rufus Putnam (1738–1824), also a soldier, one of the first settlers in OH.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by a copse or thicket, Middle English s(c)hage, s(c)hawe (Old English sceaga), or a habitational name from any of the numerous minor places named with this word. The English surname was also established in Ireland in the 17th century.Scottish and Irish : adopted as an English form of any of various Gaelic surnames derived from the personal name Sitheach ‘wolf’.Americanized form of some like-sounding Ashkenazic Jewish surname.Chinese : variant of Shao.Early American merchants and revolutionary patriots were Nathaniel Shaw (b. 1735 in New London, CT) and Samuel Shaw (b. 1754 in Boston).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Old Norse personal name Þorgils, composed of the name of the Norse god of thunder, Þorr + gils ‘hostage’, ‘pledge’. However, the inorganic initial s- is not easily explained; it may be the result of Old French influence.Edward Sturgis of England settled in Charlestown in 1634 and moved to Yarmouth, MA, in 1638. His descendants included a revolutionary war soldier and Cape Cod shipmaster, and a Massachusetts legislator.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Old English clǣg ‘clay’, applied as a topographic name for someone who lived in an area of clay soil or as a metonymic occupational name for a worker in a clay pit (see Clayman).Americanized spelling of German Klee.The relatively common English name Clay had several American forebears in the 18th century. Henry Clay, born in Hanover, VA, in 1777, secretary of state for President John Quincy Adams, was descended from English ancestors who came to VA shortly after the founding of Jamestown. The revolutionary war officer Joseph Clay, also a member of the Continental Congress, was a native of Yorkshire, England, who emigrated to GA in 1760 and was a founder of the University of Georgia.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for the servant of a parish priest or parson, or a patronymic denoting the child of a parson, from the possessive case of Middle English persone, parsoun (see Parson).English : many early examples are found with prepositions (e.g. Ralph del Persones 1323); these are habitational names, with the omission of house, hence in effect occupational names for servants employed at the parson’s house.Irish : usually of English origin (see above), but sometimes a reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac an Phearsain, which is of Highland Scottish origin (see McPherson).Members of an Irish family called Parsons wre twice created earl of Rosse, first in 1718 and again in 1806. They settled in Ireland c.1590, when two brothers, William and Laurence Parsons, were granted large estates. Birr Castle, Parsonstown, became the family seat. Samuel Holden Parsons, born Lyme, CT, in 1737 was a Connecticut legislator and revolutionary war officer. Theophilius Parsons (1750–1813) was born in Byfield, MA, and was chief justice of the MA supreme court (1806–13); his son, also Theophilius, was a professor at Harvard Law School (1848–1869).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : perhaps a deliberate alteration of Leatherhead, a habitational name from Leatherhead in Surrey, which is named from Celtic lēd ‘gray’ + rïd ‘ford’, or alternatively a habitational name from Lythwood in Shropshire, which is named from Old English hlið ‘slope’ + wudu ‘wood’.Zachariah Leatherwood, son of John Leatherwood, was born in Prince William Co., VA, about 1735. After the revolutionary war, he settled in Spartanburg Co., SC, with his second wife, Jane Calvert, and many of his fourteen children.
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : variant of Sand 1.Scottish : habitational name from Sands in Tulliallan in Fife.Comfort Sands, a revolutionary patriot born in 1748 at what is now Sands’ Point, Long Island, NY, was descended from James (Sandys) Sands (1622–95), who emigrated from Reading, Berkshire, England, to Plymouth, MA, and followed Anne Hutchinson to Westchester Co., NY, and subsequently RI. In 1661 he settled on Block Island, RI.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic or metronymic from Eade.The inventor Thomas Alva Edison, born in 1847 in Milan, OH, came from a Canadian family first established in North America by John Edison, a loyalist during the American Revolution, who served under the British General Richard Howe and went into exile in Nova Scotia after the Revolutionary War.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from the personal name (Greek Nikolaos, from nikÄn ‘to conquer’ + laos ‘people’). Forms with -ch- are due to hypercorrection (compare Anthony). The name in various vernacular forms was popular among Christians throughout Europe in the Middle Ages, largely as a result of the fame of a 4th-century Lycian bishop, about whom a large number of legends grew up, and who was venerated in the Orthodox Church as well as the Catholic. In English-speaking countries, this surname is also found as an Americanized form of various Greek surnames such as Papanikolaou ‘(son of) Nicholas the priest’ and patronymics such as Nikolopoulos.The colonial official and revolutionary patriot Robert Carter Nicholas was from a prominent VA family on both sides. His father was a British navy surgeon who emigrated in about 1700 from Lancashire, England, to Williamsburg, VA.
Surname or Lastname
English (also well established in South Wales)
English (also well established in South Wales) : topographic name for someone who lived in a nook or hollow, from Old English and Middle English hale, dative of h(e)alh ‘nook’, ‘hollow’. In northern England the word often has a specialized meaning, denoting a piece of flat alluvial land by the side of a river, typically one deposited in a bend. In southeastern England it often referred to a patch of dry land in a fen. In some cases the surname may be a habitational name from any of the several places in England named with this fossilized inflected form, which would originally have been preceded by a preposition, e.g. in the hale or at the hale.English : from a Middle English personal name derived from either of two Old English bynames, Hæle ‘hero’ or Hægel, which is probably akin to Germanic Hagano ‘hawthorn’ (see Hain 2).Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Céile (see McHale).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant spelling of Halle.Robert Hale, who settled in Cambridge, MA, in 1632, was an ancestor of the revolutionary war patriot and spy Nathan Hale (1755–76) of CT. The common English surname was brought independently in the 17th century to VA and MD.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi
Couregeous; Revolutionary; Drifting about; Revolution
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : habitational name from any of several places in England and Scotland, variously spelled, that are named with Old English cald ‘cold’ + well(a) ‘spring’, ‘stream’. Caldwell in North Yorkshire is one major source of the surname; Caldwell in Renfrewshire in Scotland another.Several Caldwells emigrated from Scotland to America by way of Ireland in the 18th century. James Caldwell (1734–81), son of settler John Caldwell, was born in Charlotte Co., VA, and was a militant clergyman during the revolutionary war. Andrew Caldwell, a Scottish farmer, emigrated to America in 1718 and started a family in Lancaster Co., PA. His son David was a Presbyterian clergyman and well-known revolutionary war patriot.
EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMS
EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMS
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Brewer.Respelling of Brauer or Brouwer.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi
Lord Krishna
Girl/Female
German, Greek, Latin
Nobility; Variant of Alice
Girl/Female
Scandinavian
Abbreviation of Katherine. Pure.
Girl/Female
American, British, Celtic, English, Hebrew, Irish
My Father Rejoices; Pleasant; Merry; Happy; A Stranger; Foreigner; Calm; Tranquil; Sea Storm
Girl/Female
Finnish, German, Swedish
Universal; Complete
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Elasticized
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sikh
Loved by All; Beloved
Female
Egyptian
, the mother of Osirtesen-pepa.
Boy/Male
Slavic Polish
Military glory.
EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMS
EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMS
EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMS
EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMS
EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMS
a.
Pertaining to, or involving, sans-culottism; radical; revolutionary; Jacobinical.
n.
One of the two great systems of religious belief in Japan. Its essence is ancestor worship, and sacrifice to dead heroes.
n.
The state of being in revolution; revolutionary doctrines or principles.
a.
Of or pertaining to the confederated colonies collectively, in the time of the Revolutionary War; as, Continental money.
n.
The delivery before an audience of something committed to memory, especially as an elocutionary exhibition; also, that which is so delivered.
a.
Of or pertaining to a revolution in government; tending to, or promoting, revolution; as, revolutionary war; revolutionary measures; revolutionary agitators.
a.
Relating to evolution.
n.
The designation of a body of Maryland soldiers in the Revolutionary War, distinguished by a rich uniform.
n.
A person clothed in buckskin, particularly an American soldier of the Revolutionary war.
a.
Relating to evolution; as, evolutionary discussions.
n.
A theory or system of social reform which contemplates a complete reconstruction of society, with a more just and equitable distribution of property and labor. In popular usage, the term is often employed to indicate any lawless, revolutionary social scheme. See Communism, Fourierism, Saint-Simonianism, forms of socialism.
n.
One of the notes, bills, or bonds, issued as currency by the revolutionary government of France (1790-1796), and based on the security of the lands of the church and of nobles which had been appropriated by the state.
n.
A revolutionist.
a.
Having relation to growth or nutrition; partaking of simple growth and enlargement of the systems of nutrition, apart from the sensorial or distinctively animal functions; vegetal.
a.
Pertaining to elocution.
n.
One who governs by terrorism or intimidation; specifically, an agent or partisan of the revolutionary tribunal during the Reign of Terror in France.
a.
Of or pertaining to the Jacobins of France; revolutionary; of the nature of, or characterized by, Jacobinism.
n.
One who desires to maintain existing institutions and customs; also, one who holds moderate opinions in politics; -- opposed to revolutionary or radical.
n.
One of the marauders who, in the Revolutionary War infested the neutral ground between the American and British lines, and committed depredations on the Americans.
n.
A game at cards, played by four persons, with two packs of fifty-two cards each; -- said to be so called from Boston, Massachusetts, and to have been invented by officers of the French army in America during the Revolutionary war.