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Programming language for experimentation or art
An esoteric programming language (sometimes shortened to esolang) or weird language is a programming language designed to test the boundaries of computer
Esoteric_programming_language
An esoteric language based on Emojis. G – Graphical language used in LabVIEW (not to be confused with G-code). Hoon – A systems programming language for
Non-English-based programming languages
Non-English-based_programming_languages
Esoteric, minimalist programming language
is an esoteric programming language created in 1993 by Swiss student Urban Müller [it; cs]. Designed to be extremely minimalistic, the language consists
Brainfuck
List of programming languages types and the languages that meet its description
educational programming languages List of document markup languages List of markup languages List of open-source programming languages Esoteric programming language
List of programming languages by type
List_of_programming_languages_by_type
Esoteric programming language
Shakespeare Programming Language (SPL) is an esoteric programming language designed by Jon Åslund and Karl Wiberg. Like the Chef programming language, it is
Shakespeare Programming Language
Shakespeare_Programming_Language
to notable programming languages, in current or historical use. Dialects of BASIC (which have their own page), esoteric programming languages, and markup
List_of_programming_languages
1998 esoteric programming language
Malbolge (/mælˈboʊldʒ/) is a public-domain esoteric programming language invented by Ben Olmstead in 1998, named after the eighth circle of hell in Dante's
Malbolge
Language for controlling a computer
Domain-specific language Domain-specific modeling Educational programming language Esoteric programming language Extensible programming Category:Extensible
Programming_language
Programming language that is in some sense minimal
stack-based concatenative imperative programming language using reverse Polish notation. FALSE is an esoteric programming language, with a complete implementation
Lightweight programming language
Lightweight_programming_language
Esoteric programming language
an esoteric programming language with syntax where only whitespace characters (space, tab and newline) have meaning – contrasting typical languages that
Whitespace (programming language)
Whitespace_(programming_language)
Esoteric programming language
The Compiler Language With No Pronounceable Acronym (INTERCAL) is an esoteric programming language that was created as a parody by Don Woods and James
INTERCAL
Esoteric programming language
JSFuck scripts in their eBay auction pages. Brainfuck - an esoteric programming language created in 1993 by Urban Müller. Jane Bailey/The Daily WTF:
JSFuck
Esoteric programming language
Beatnik is a simple stack-oriented esoteric programming language, by Cliff L. Biffle. A Beatnik program consists of any sequence of English words. Each
Beatnik (programming language)
Beatnik_(programming_language)
Esoteric programming language
L33t) is an esoteric programming language based loosely on Brainfuck and named for the resemblance of its source code to the symbolic language "L33t 5p34k"
Leet_(programming_language)
Topics referred to by the same term
context) simply as Esoteric The Esoterics, an American choir Esoteric programming language, an experimental programming language not intended for serious
Esoteric
Functional programming language
[clarification needed] As an esoteric programming language, Unlambda is meant as a demonstration of very pure functional programming rather than for practical
Unlambda
General-purpose programming language
C is a general-purpose programming language created in the 1970s by Dennis Ritchie. By design, C gives the programmer relatively direct access to the features
C_(programming_language)
Esoteric programming languages
also be considered minimalist computer programming languages, or Turing tarpits, esoteric programming languages designed to be as small as possible but
Iota_and_Jot
Ability of a computing system to simulate Turing machines
XSLT. VHDL and other hardware description languages. TeX, a typesetting system. Esoteric programming languages, a form of mathematical recreation in which
Turing_completeness
Traditional first example of a computer programming language
capital letters, while some esoteric programming languages may have to print a slightly modified string. Other human languages have been used as the output;
Hello,_world
Esoteric programming language
LOLCODE is an esoteric programming language inspired by lolspeak, the language expressed in examples of the lolcat Internet meme. The language was created
LOLCODE
2-dimensional esoteric programming language
two-dimensional stack-based, reflective, esoteric programming language. It differs from conventional languages in that programs are arranged on a two-dimensional
Befunge
Programming language control flow statement; opposite of goto
was eventually implemented in the C-INTERCAL variant of the esoteric programming language INTERCAL along with the even more obscure 'computed COMEFROM'
COMEFROM
Internet meme involving images of cats
syntax of lolcat captions was used as the basis for LOLCODE, an esoteric programming language with interpreters and compilers available in .NET Framework
Lolcat
Language constructed for aesthetic reasons
engineered languages. Asemic writing Constructed language Engineered language Esoteric programming language Idioglossia International auxiliary language Language
Artistic_language
Intentionally obscure programming language
associated with esoteric programming languages that are intentionally designed to be universal but impractical. Using such languages is a form of mathematical
Turing_tarpit
Computer programming paradigm
Procedural programming is a programming paradigm, classified as imperative programming, that involves implementing the behavior of a computer program as procedures
Procedural_programming
American entrepreneur (1890–1980)
of the soap opera General Hospital, Sanders is shown to know esoteric programming language Malbolge, which he uses to disarm a bomb intended to compel
Colonel_Sanders
Simple programming languages
programming languages designed by Douglas Hofstadter to illustrate a point in his book Gödel, Escher, Bach. BlooP is a Turing-incomplete programming language
BlooP_and_FlooP
Language-oriented programming paradigm
Natural language programming (NLP) is an ontology-assisted way of programming in terms of natural language sentences, e.g. English. A structured document
Natural_language_programming
Extent to which a programming language discourages type errors
requirement for any toy language (i.e., esoteric language) proposed in academic programming language research. However, many languages are too big for human-generated
Type_safety
Esoteric beliefs in the Eastern world
Eastern esotericism is a term used by some scholars that loosely encompasses religious beliefs and practices of the Eastern world said to be "esoteric", secret
Eastern_esotericism
Programming language written graphically by a user
computing, a visual programming language (visual programming system, VPL, or, VPS), also known as diagrammatic programming, graphical programming or block coding
Visual_programming_language
Turing-complete esoteric programming language invented by John Conway
FRACTRAN is a Turing-complete esoteric programming language invented by the mathematician John Conway. A FRACTRAN program is an ordered list of positive
FRACTRAN
Slanting line punctuation mark (/)
= 8 addresses. The slash is used as a division operator in most programming languages while APL uses it for reduction (fold) and compression (filter)
Slash_(punctuation)
Open problem on 3x+1 and x/2 functions
i {\displaystyle b_{i}} equal to zero, are formalized in an esoteric programming language called FRACTRAN. The Collatz and related conjectures are often
Collatz_conjecture
Topics referred to by the same term
Alaska "Ook" (The Watch), a 2021 television episode Ook!, an esoteric programming language based on Brainfuck Ook, the mascot and name for Northern Alberta
Ook
How software progresses through its implementation
was eventually implemented in the C-INTERCAL variant of the esoteric programming language INTERCAL along with the even more obscure 'computed COMEFROM'
Control_flow
Overview of and topical guide to computer programming
Domain-specific language Dynamic programming language Esoteric programming language Extensible programming language High-level programming language Interpreted
Outline of computer programming
Outline_of_computer_programming
Mathematical-logic system based on functions
machine equivalent to lambda calculus Unlambda – A functional esoteric programming language based on combinatory logic "where M[x := N] denotes the substitution
Lambda_calculus
Topics referred to by the same term
open source configuration management tool Chef (programming language), an esoteric programming language designed by David Morgan-Mar Chef (nickname) list
Chef_(disambiguation)
Australian scientist and writer
known for his webcomics and for creating several humorous esoteric programming languages. He is also the author of several GURPS roleplaying sourcebooks
David_Morgan-Mar
Abstract machine that uses only one instruction
and sample programs Laboratory SBN computer – implemented with 7400 series integrated circuits RSSB on the esoteric programming languages wiki – interpreters
One-instruction_set_computer
Counting song
"99 Bottles of Beer" is a commonly used task to demonstrate esoteric programming languages. Variations of the song include "ninety nine blue bottles a-hanging
99_Bottles_of_Beer
Dutch painter (1872–1944)
inspired by Composition II. Piet is an esoteric programming language named after Piet Mondrian in which programs look like abstract art. Mondrian is a
Piet_Mondrian
Punctuation mark with two dots (:)
colon is also used in many operating systems commands. In the esoteric programming language INTERCAL, the colon is called two-spot and used to label a 32-bit
Colon_(punctuation)
Norwegian mathematician (1863–1922)
problem. His only known PhD student was Thoralf Skolem. The esoteric programming language Thue is named after him. Thue, A. (1909), "Über Annäherungswerte
Axel_Thue
Topics referred to by the same term
telephone used by submarines for communication .Gertrude, an Esoteric programming language Trudy This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
Gertrude
Topics referred to by the same term
on GemStone, Linux, Apache, Seaside and Smalltalk Glass, an esoteric programming language developed by Gregor Richards in 2005 Google Glass, a wearable
Glass_(disambiguation)
Contest to produce obscure computer code
"RI" )/* */ ;} $ Obfuscated Perl Contest Underhanded C Contest Esoteric programming language Code golf In some cases "spectacularly", according to Dr. Dobbs
International Obfuscated C Code Contest
International_Obfuscated_C_Code_Contest
Topics referred to by the same term
but locally unused radio frequencies Whitespace (programming language), an esoteric programming language White space (visual arts), portions of a page layout
White_space
Range of related ideas and movements that have developed in the Western world
Western esotericism, also known as the Western mystery tradition, is a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western
Western_esotericism
English mathematician (1937–2020)
algorithmically undecidable. Related to that, he developed the esoteric programming language FRACTRAN. While lecturing on the Collatz conjecture, Terence
John_Horton_Conway
Recreational computer programming competition
answers on programming puzzles and code golf Golf on the esoteric programming languages wiki List of dedicated golfing languages List of all languages used
Code_golf
Programming technique using indirect jumps
make the stack non-executable for security reasons. In the esoteric programming language Befunge, a trampoline is an instruction to skip the next cell
Trampoline_(computing)
Deliberate creation of difficult-to-understand code
Obfuscator) Esoteric programming language Hardware obfuscation Indistinguishability obfuscation Overlapping instructions Polymorphic code Programming style
Obfuscation_(software)
Representation of the control state of a computer program
such as web programming, use of continuations can result in code that is difficult to follow. In fact, the esoteric programming language Unlambda includes
Continuation
This article compares the syntax of many notable programming languages. Programming language expressions can be broadly classified into four syntax structures:
Comparison of programming languages (syntax)
Comparison_of_programming_languages_(syntax)
Topics referred to by the same term
Surprise!, a line of children's toys LOLCODE, a high-level esoteric programming language Loll (disambiguation) Lolol, a Chilean commune and town in Colchagua
Lol_(disambiguation)
2015 puzzle video game
outside of the game in an emulator, intended to be used as an esoteric programming language. TIS-100 was based on an idea that Zach Barth, the founder and
TIS-100
Abstract model of computation
For a description of a similar concept, but humorous, see the esoteric programming language Brainfuck. The concept of a random-access machine (RAM) starts
Random-access_machine
1879 book on logic by Gottlob Frege
ISSN 1095-5054. OCLC 429049174. Esoteric programming language: "Gottlob: Write Code in Frege's Concept Notation". esoteric.codes. 27 March 2020. Retrieved
Begriffsschrift
Topic in comparative religion
Western esotericism and Eastern religions refers to the historical and conceptual intersection between the currents of Western esotericism and the spiritual
Western esotericism and Eastern religions
Western_esotericism_and_Eastern_religions
Model where a show's producer pays a broadcaster for air time
controversial, esoteric or an advertisement in itself. Common examples are religious and political programs and talk-show-format programs similar to infomercials
Brokered_programming
Hypothetical computing devices
— esoteric programming language created in 1993 by Swiss student Urban Müller [it; cs]. It is a variant of Böhm's language P′′. In Böhm's language P′′
Turing_machine_equivalents
Western esotericism and the arts surveys documented intersections between Western esotericism—notably Hermeticism, Christian Kabbalah, Alchemy, and Astrology—and
Western_esotericism_and_arts
Primitive programming language created in 1964
P′′ (P double prime) is a primitive computer programming language created by Corrado Böhm in 1964 to describe a family of Turing machines. It provided
P′′
Western esotericism and psychology surveys the documented exchanges between Western esotericism—including Westernized hybrids of Asian traditions—and
Western esotericism and psychology
Western_esotericism_and_psychology
Symbol affixed to a variable name
properties or behaviors. The use of sigils was popularized by the BASIC programming language. The best known example of a sigil in BASIC is the dollar sign ("$")
Sigil_(computer_programming)
Topics referred to by the same term
minicomputers Shakespeare Programming Language, an esoteric language that looks like Shakespeare's plays Space Programming Language, influenced by JOVIAL
SPL
Style of computer programming
Generic programming is a style of computer programming in which algorithms are written in terms of data types to-be-specified-later that are then instantiated
Generic_programming
Humour about computers and their users
humor research Humor on the internet Mathematical joke Geek Esoteric programming language List of humorous units of measurement McMahon, Russell (4–7
Computer_humour
Topics referred to by the same term
from 0 to n-1 (index origin zero) in APL Iota and Jot, two esoteric programming languages IOTA (technology), a distributed ledger International Ovarian
Iota_(disambiguation)
Utility for transforming text
transforms text via a script written in a relatively simple and compact programming language. It was developed from 1973 to 1974 by Lee E. McMahon of Bell Labs
Sed
Western myth and reason
The relationship between Western esotericism and science (and particularly the origins of experimental science) is a historiographical overview intersecting
Western esotericism and science
Western_esotericism_and_science
Overview of esoteric movements in Germany and Austria
Germany and Austria have spawned many movements and practices in Western esotericism, including Rosicrucianism, Theosophy, Anthroposophy and Ariosophy, among
Esotericism in Germany and Austria
Esotericism_in_Germany_and_Austria
Game creation system
games using a custom drag-and-drop visual programming language or a scripting language known as Game Maker Language (GML), which can be used to develop more
GameMaker
Instruction set designed to be run by a software interpreter
version. Lua language uses a register-based bytecode virtual machine m-code of the MATLAB language Malbolge is an esoteric machine language for a ternary
Bytecode
American esoteric, theosophist and writer (1880–1949)
between 1919 and 1949, describe a wide-ranging neo-theosophical system of esoteric thought covering such topics as how spirituality relates to the Solar System
Alice_Bailey
Topics referred to by the same term
artificially dug watercourse or aqueduct Leet (programming language), an esoteric/conceptual computer language Leet-ale, a type of parish fair LEET rocket
Leet_(disambiguation)
Entity in digital text
used is the horizontal tab (HT). The vertical tab (VT) and other more esoteric alignment control characters were used in the past and remain defined in
Tab_character
In the context of programming languages, a type qualifier is a keyword that can be used to annotate a type to instruct the compiler to treat the now qualified
Type_qualifier
Topics referred to by the same term
Thomas Dolby Beatnik satellite, a Sputnik-99 satellite launch aborted by Swatch in 1999 Beatnik (programming language), an esoteric programming language
Beatnik_(disambiguation)
Software to run programming languages
implement many other languages were started, including BASIC, PHP, Python, and Ruby; along with esoteric and demonstration languages such as Befunge and
Parrot_virtual_machine
Online Judge System
The solution to problems can be submitted in over 40 programming languages, including esoteric ones, via the Sphere Engine. It is run by the Polish company
SPOJ
Programming language
Dartmouth BASIC is the original version of the BASIC programming language. It was designed by two professors at Dartmouth College, John G. Kemeny and Thomas
Dartmouth_BASIC
Metaprogramming technique
syntax and idioms of template metaprogramming were esoteric compared to conventional C++ programming, and template metaprograms could be very difficult
Template_metaprogramming
Type qualifier denoting the data as being read-only
In some programming languages, const is a type qualifier (a keyword applied to a data type) that indicates that the data is read-only. While this can
Const_(computer_programming)
Language spoken in Indonesia
Indonesia) is the official and national language of Indonesia. It is a standardized variety of Malay, an Austronesian language that has been used as a lingua franca
Indonesian_language
Spiritual and pseudoscientific philosophy
pseudoscience. Anthroposophy has its roots in German idealism, Western and Eastern esoteric ideas, various religious traditions, and modern Theosophy. Steiner chose
Anthroposophy
Practice of obscuring information
their broader context. This makes philosophical thought and language appear obscure, esoteric, and mysterious to the layman. In his early works, Karl Marx
Obscurantism
Australian alternative medicine cult
Medicine are "esoteric breast massage", "esoteric healing", "ovarian readings", "chakra-puncture", "esoteric connective tissue therapy" and "esoteric ovary massage"
Universal_Medicine
Topics referred to by the same term
Conway's Game of Life and related rules SPARK (programming language), a variant of the Ada programming language that focuses on high-integrity software Spark
Spark
Austrian esotericist (1861–1925)
Philosophy of Freedom. At the beginning of the twentieth century he founded an esoteric spiritual movement, anthroposophy, with roots in German idealist philosophy
Rudolf_Steiner
Dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945
asked Hitler, "do you call yourself a National Socialist, since your party program is the very antithesis of that commonly accredited to socialism?" "Socialism
Adolf_Hitler
Ancient Indo-Aryan language of South Asia, mainly Indian subcontinent
classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused
Sanskrit
There are two types of Java programming language application programming interfaces (APIs): The official core Java API, contained in the Android (Google)
List_of_Java_APIs
Pseudoscientific racial grouping
from anthropology. The term was also adopted by various occultists and esoteric ideological systems of this era, such as Helena Blavatsky, and Ariosophy
Aryan_race
cross-platform computer program for conversion of units of quantities. It has a database of measurement units, including esoteric and historical units.
GNU_Units
Type of Jewish mysticism
romanized: Qabbālā, pronounced [kabaˈla] ; lit. 'act of receiving, acceptation') is an esoteric method, discipline, and school of thought in Jewish mysticism. It forms
Kabbalah
ESOTERIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
ESOTERIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Matthew. In North America, this form has assimilated numerous vernacular derivatives in other languages of Latin Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus.Irish (Ulster and County Louth) : used as an Americanized form of McMahon.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Jacob. As an American surname this name has absorbed cognates from other languages, for example Danish, Norwegian, and Dutch Jacobsen and Swedish Jacobsson.
Surname or Lastname
English and Welsh
English and Welsh : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jon(e) (see John). The surname is especially common in Wales and southern central England. In North America this name has absorbed various cognate and like-sounding surnames from other languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988).
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English : habitational name from Ludwick Hall in Bishops Hatfield, Hertfordshire, probably named from the Old English personal name Luda + Old English wÄ«c ‘outlying (dairy) farm’.
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Boy/Male
Buddhist, Hindu, Indian
Original Law; Esoteric Dharma
Female
Finnish
Finnish form of Persian Esther, ESTERI means "star."
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German : from a short form of the personal name Matthias (see Matthew) or any of its many cognates, for example Norman French Maheu.English, French, Dutch, and German : from a nickname or personal name taken from the month of May (Middle English, Old French mai, Middle High German meie, from Latin Maius (mensis), from Maia, a minor Roman goddess of fertility). This name was sometimes bestowed on someone born or baptized in the month of May; it was also used to refer to someone of a sunny disposition, or who had some anecdotal connection with the month of May, such as owing a feudal obligation then.English : nickname from Middle English may ‘young man or woman’.Irish (Connacht and Midlands) : when not of English origin (see 1–3 above), this is an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Miadhaigh ‘descendant of Miadhach’, a personal name or byname meaning ‘honorable’, ‘proud’.French : habitational name from any of various places called May or Le May.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name from Mayen, a place in western Germany.Americanized spelling of cognates of 1 in various European languages, for example Swedish Ma(i)j.Chinese : possibly a variant of Mei 1, although this spelling occurs more often for the given name than for the surname.Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, is named after the Dutch explorer Cornelius Jacobsen May.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the female personal name Elizabeth. Compare Hibbs 2.English : nickname for someone with very fair hair or skin, from Middle English, Old English lilie ‘lily’ (Latin lilium). The Italian equivalent Giglio was used as a personal name in the Middle Ages. In English and other languages there has also been some confusion with forms of Giles.English : habitational name from places called Lilley, in Hertfordshire and Berkshire. The Hertfordshire place was named in Old English as ‘flax-glade’, from līn ‘flax’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’. The Berkshire name is from Old English Lillinglēah ‘wood associated with Lilla’, an Old English personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English and French (Léonard)
English and French (Léonard) : from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements leo ‘lion’ (a late addition to the vocabulary of Germanic name elements, taken from Latin) + hard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’, which was taken to England by the Normans. A saint of this name, who is supposed to have lived in the 6th century, but about whom nothing is known except for a largely fictional life dating from half a millennium later, was popular throughout Europe in the early Middle Ages and was regarded as the patron of peasants and horses.Irish (Fermanagh) : adopted as an English equivalent of Gaelic Mac Giolla Fhionáin or of Langan.Americanized form of Italian Leonardo or cognate forms in other European languages.The French Léonard family were at Château Richer, Quebec, by 1698, having come from Maine, France.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the male personal name Manasseh, Hebrew Menashe ‘one who causes to forget’ (see Manasse), borne in the Middle Ages by Christians as well as by Jews. Hebrew Menashe and its reflexes in other Jewish languages have always been popular among Jews.English : occupational name for someone who made handles for agricultural and domestic implements, from an agent derivative of Anglo-Norman French mance ‘handle’ (Old French manche, Late Latin manicus, a derivative of manus ‘hand’).
Surname or Lastname
English, French, and German
English, French, and German : from the vernacular form of the Hebrew personal name Yehuda ‘Judah’ (of unknown meaning). In the Bible, this is the name of Jacob’s eldest son. It was not a popular name among Christians in medieval Europe, because of the associations it had with Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed Christ for thirty pieces of silver. Among Jews, however, the Hebrew name and its reflexes in various Jewish languages (such as Yiddish Yude) have been popular for generations, and have given rise to many Jewish surnames.French : name for a Jew, Old French jude (Latin Iudaeus, Greek Ioudaios, from Hebrew Yehudi ‘member of the tribe of Judah’).English : from a pet form of Jordan.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. An even wider range of meanings is found in some other languages: compare for example Polish Marszałek (see Marszalek). The surname is also borne by Jews, presumably as an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.As the fourth chief justice of the U.S., John Marshall (1755–1835) was the principal architect in consolidating and defining the powers of the Supreme Court. He was a descendant of John Marshall of Ireland, who settled in Culpeper Co., VA, sometime before 1655.
Surname or Lastname
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás)
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás) : from a medieval personal name, which comes from the Hebrew male personal name Yona, meaning ‘dove’. In the book of the Bible which bears his name, Jonah was appointed by God to preach repentance to the city of Nineveh, but tried to flee instead to Tarshish. On the voyage to Tarshish, a great storm blew up, and Jonah was thrown overboard by his shipmates to appease God’s wrath, swallowed by a great fish, and delivered by it on the shores of Nineveh. This story exercised a powerful hold on the popular imagination in medieval Europe, and the personal name was a relatively common choice. The Hebrew name and its reflexes in other languages (for example Yiddish Yoyne) have been popular Jewish personal names for generations. There are also saints, martyrs, and bishops called Jonas venerated in the Orthodox Church. Ionas is found as a Greek family name.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : respelling of Yonis, with Yiddish possessive -s.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a Latinist, a clerk who wrote documents in Latin, from Anglo-Norman French latinier, latim(m)ier. Latin was more or less the universal language of official documents in the Middle Ages, displaced only gradually by the vernacular—in England, by Anglo-Norman French at first, and eventually by English.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Boy/Male
Buddhist, Hindu, Indian
Respond to the Mystery; Esoteric Dharma; Glorious King
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc.
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc. : from the Latin personal name Lucas (Greek Loukas) ‘man from Lucania’. Lucania is a region of southern Italy thought to have been named in ancient times with a word meaning ‘bright’ or ‘shining’. Compare Lucio. The Christian name owed its enormous popularity throughout Europe in the Middle Ages to St. Luke the Evangelist, hence the development of this surname and many vernacular derivatives in most of the languages of Europe. Compare Luke. This is also found as an Americanized form of Greek Loukas.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Lùcais (see McLucas).As a French name Lucas has been recorded in Canada since 1653, taken to Trois Rivières, Quebec, by one Lucas-Lépine from Normandy.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : patronymic from the personal name John. As an American family name, Johnson has absorbed patronymics and many other derivatives of this name in continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)Johnson is the second most frequent surname in the U.S. It was brought independently to North America by many different bearers from the 17th and 18th centuries onward.
ESOTERIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
ESOTERIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
Male
Egyptian
, Great Arrival.
Female
Dutch
, lame.
Girl/Female
Indian
Lots of Love
Girl/Female
Tamil
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Shiva, Messenger of God, Prophet, Angel
Boy/Male
French, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Nobel; A Generous One
Female
African
sorceress.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Story
Girl/Female
Tamil
Radharani | ராதாராநீÂ
Queen Radha, The beloved of Sri Krishna Bhagavan
Girl/Female
Tamil
ESOTERIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
ESOTERIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
ESOTERIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
ESOTERIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
ESOTERIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
a.
Designed for, and understood by, the specially initiated alone; not communicated, or not intelligible, to the general body of followers; private; interior; acroamatic; -- said of the private and more recondite instructions and doctrines of philosophers. Opposed to exoteric.
n.
Esoteric doctrine or principles.
n.
An isomeric variety of terpene from orange oil.
n. pl.
The public lectures or published writings of Aristotle. See Esoterics.
a.
Communicated orally; oral; -- applied to the esoteric teachings of Aristotle, those intended for his genuine disciples, in distinction from his exoteric doctrines, which were adapted to outsiders or the public generally. Hence: Abstruse; profound.
n.
One of modern times; a modern.
a.
Alt. of Neoterical
n.
A solid isomeric modification of olein.
adv.
In an esoteric manner.
a.
Alt. of Exoterical
a.
Esoteric.
n.
A body or compound which is isomeric with another body or compound; a member of an isomeric series.
n.
Isomorphism between substances that are isomeric.
n.
The whole alimentary, or enteric, canal.
a.
Having the same percentage composition; -- said of two or more different substances which contain the same ingredients in the same proportions by weight, often used with with. Specif.: (a) Polymeric; i. e., having the same elements united in the same proportion by weight, but with different molecular weights; as, acetylene and benzine are isomeric (polymeric) with each other in this sense. See Polymeric. (b) Metameric; i. e., having the same elements united in the same proportions by weight, and with the same molecular weight, but which a different structure or arrangement of the ultimate parts; as, ethyl alcohol and methyl ether are isomeric (metameric) with each other in this sense. See Metameric.
a.
Of or pertaining to the enteron, or alimentary canal; intestinal.
a.
Designating an acid isomeric with cyanic acid.
n.
Mystery; esoterics; -- opposed to exotery.
n.
Mysterious or hidden doctrines; secret science.
n.
An inert isomeric modification of anthracene.