Search references for ERWIN PISCATOR. Phrases containing ERWIN PISCATOR
See searches and references containing ERWIN PISCATOR!ERWIN PISCATOR
German director and producer
Erwin Friedrich Maximilian Piscator (17 December 1893 – 30 March 1966) was a German theatre director and producer. Along with Bertolt Brecht, he was the
Erwin_Piscator
1934 Soviet film by Erwin Piscator
could be completed. This was the feature film debut of German director Erwin Piscator. The film deals with a strike among the workers of the Bredel shipping
Revolt_of_the_Fishermen
German playwright and poet (1898–1956)
conflicts with society. — Erwin Piscator, 1929. In 1927 Brecht became part of the "dramaturgical collective" of Erwin Piscator's first company, which was
Bertolt_Brecht
Social Research in New York City. The German expatriate stage director Erwin Piscator began a long association with the school in 1940. Among the faculty
Dramatic_Workshop
German visual artist (1891–1968)
stage sets for contemporary playwrights, such as Bertolt Brecht and Erwin Piscator. In 1916 Heartfield, his brother Wieland Herzfelde and George Grosz
John_Heartfield
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up piscator in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Erwin Piscator was a German theatre director and producer. Piscator may also refer to: Piscator (surname)
Piscator_(disambiguation)
Sculpture by Eduardo Paolozzi
Euston Station in London, and is named for the German theatre director Erwin Piscator. The sculpture is made from cast iron with an aluminium finish, and
Piscator_(Paolozzi)
1927 German play by Ernst Toller
Its second production, directed by the seminal epic theatre director Erwin Piscator in 1927, was a milestone in the history of theatre. The British playwright
Hoppla,_We're_Alive!
Theatrical genre
"epic theatre" comes from Erwin Piscator who coined it during his first year as director of Berlin's Volksbühne (1924–27). Piscator aimed to encourage playwrights
Epic_theatre
Theatrical genre
of the zhivaya gazeta, or living newspaper. Meanwhile, in Germany, Erwin Piscator was experimenting with incorporating documentary film footage and other
Documentary_theatre
City in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Kimmich (1880–1945), banker, chairman of Deutsche Bank, 1942 to 1945 Erwin Piscator (1893–1966), theatre director and innovator. Robert Lusser (1899–1969)
Ulm
Russian play by Leo Tolstoy
theatre director Erwin Piscator staged the play at his "proletarian Volksbühne" (a rival to the Volksbühne), in Berlin. "Our intention," Piscator writes, "was
The_Power_of_Darkness
Wife of Erwin Piscator
Austrian-American dancer and choreographer. She is best known as the wife of Erwin Piscator (1893–1966), Germany's famous left-wing theater director. Born on 1
Maria_Ley-Piscator
American actress and comedian (1922–2009)
Dramatic Workshop of The New School in New York City with German director Erwin Piscator. Arthur began her acting career as a member of an off-Broadway theater
Bea_Arthur
Surname list
Look up piscator in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The surname Piscator may refer to: Erwin Piscator (1893–1966), German theatre director Maria Ley-Piscator
Piscator_(surname)
Play written by Jean Genet
and has attracted many prominent directors, including Peter Brook, Erwin Piscator, Roger Blin, Giorgio Strehler, and JoAnne Akalaitis. It has been adapted
The_Balcony
1869 literary work by Leo Tolstoy
inspired by War and Peace. Initiated by a proposal of the German director Erwin Piscator in 1938, the Russian composer Sergei Prokofiev composed his opera War
War_and_Peace
American actor (1925–2002)
course at the New School for Social Research, run by German émigré Erwin Piscator. During one audition, Steiger was cast after barely uttering a few words
Rod_Steiger
1930s campaign to destroy prohibited literature and research in Nazi Germany and Austria
Mann, Ludwig Marcuse, Karl Marx, Robert Musil, Carl von Ossietzky, Erwin Piscator, Alfred Polgar, Gertrud von Puttkamer, Erich Maria Remarque, Ludwig
Nazi_book_burnings
American actor (1925–2010)
School in Greenwich Village under the influential German stage director Erwin Piscator. His contemporaries included Elaine Stritch, Harry Belafonte, Walter
Tony_Curtis
American actress (1936–2020)
and began her theatre career. She trained in acting with Jeff Corey, Erwin Piscator, Lee Strasberg, and Uta Hagen at HB Studio. Knight's feature films include
Shirley_Knight
American actor (1924–2004)
Dramatic Workshop of the New School, with influential German director Erwin Piscator. In a 1988 documentary, Marlon Brando: The Wild One, Brando's sister
Marlon_Brando
French author (1866–1944)
directors of the twentieth century, including Max Reinhardt and Erwin Piscator. Piscator directed the world première of Rolland's pacifist drama The Time
Romain_Rolland
American actor (1920–2000)
acting at the Dramatic Workshop of The New School with German director Erwin Piscator. Matthau often joked that his best early review came in a play where
Walter_Matthau
1963 play written by Rolf Hochhuth
(Free People's Theater) on February 20, 1963 under the direction of Erwin Piscator. Within the same year, the play was produced at additional theatres
The_Deputy
American actor (1930–2012)
of The New School in New York with the influential German director Erwin Piscator and afterward joined the Actors Studio. Gazzara guest-starred in shows
Ben_Gazzara
directors. His students included Bertolt Brecht (studied in 1917), Erwin Piscator (studied in 1913), Peter Hacks, Hanns Johst, Klabund, and Erich Mühsam
Arthur_Kutscher
Artistic and architectural philosophy originating in Russia
These ideas would influence German directors like Bertolt Brecht and Erwin Piscator, as well as the early Soviet cinema. In 1921, the New Economic Policy
Constructivism_(art)
1941 play by Bertolt Brecht
the play to the attention of director Erwin Piscator in New York, suggesting Oskar Homolka to play Ui. Piscator and Brecht's frequent musical collaborator
The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui
The_Resistible_Rise_of_Arturo_Ui
American actor (1919–1996)
Dramatic Workshop of The New School in New York with the German director Erwin Piscator and then served in the United States Army Air Forces from 1941 to 1945
Martin_Balsam
Culture of Jews and Judaism
Playwrights like Carl Sternheim, Arthur Schnitzler, Ernst Toller, Erwin Piscator, Walter Hasenclever, Ferenc Molnár and Carl Zuckmayer, and influential
Jewish_culture
American actor (1915–2014)
the New School in New York City with the influential German director Erwin Piscator. He later became a founding member of the Actors Studio, taught by Lee
Eli_Wallach
German actress
"Erwin Piscator - Inszenierungen". www.erwin-piscator.de (in German). Retrieved 2025-07-17. "Erwin Piscator - Inszenierungen". www.erwin-piscator.de
Ilse_Baerwald
1997 play by Jane Taylor
Puppet Company, and employing a multimedia approach in the tradition of Erwin Piscator and Bertolt Brecht, the production of Ubu combines puppetry with live
Ubu_and_the_Truth_Commission
Latvian actor and theatre director (1891–1979)
1922 she moved to Germany where she got to know Bertolt Brecht and Erwin Piscator, to whom she introduced the ideas of Vsevolod Meyerhold and Vladimir
Asja_Lācis
American film director
Dramatic Workshop of The New School in New York with the German director Erwin Piscator and helped start a theater cooperative at the Cherry Lane Theater and
Gene_Saks
German sinologist and historian
with other short plays on October 14, 1920, at Erwin Piscator's Berlin Proletarian Theatre. Piscator himself played the Cripple at the opening. John
Karl_August_Wittfogel
1925 novel by Theodore Dreiser
Dreiser agreed that German director Erwin Piscator should produce a stage version of An American Tragedy. Piscator's stage adaptation premiered in Vienna
An_American_Tragedy
American actress, writer and director (1926–2015)
1945 to study theatre under Erwin Piscator. Malina was greatly influenced by Piscator's philosophy of theatre. Piscator saw theatre as a form of political
Judith_Malina
Austrian-born American woman in classic photo
costuming with the New School of Social Research Dramatic Workshop, led by Erwin Piscator. Later, while living in New York in the 1940s and 1950s, she variously
Greta_Zimmer_Friedman
American actress (1925–2014)
Workshop of The New School for Social Research in New York City under Erwin Piscator, alongside Marlon Brando, Bea Arthur, and Harry Belafonte. Stritch made
Elaine_Stritch
American singer and actor (1927–2023)
Dramatic Workshop of The New School in New York City with German director Erwin Piscator alongside Marlon Brando, Tony Curtis, Walter Matthau, Bea Arthur, and
Harry_Belafonte
Person overseeing the mounting of a theatre production
platform for a generation of emerging visionary theatre directors, such as Erwin Piscator and Max Reinhardt. Simultaneously, Konstantin Stanislavski, principally
Theatre_director
Theater in Berlin, Germany
and during the Weimar Republic the socio-political theatre reformer Erwin Piscator in 1924–1927. During World War II, the theatre was heavily damaged like
Volksbühne
Acting school in the United States
and director, Stella Adler began to teach in the early 1940s at the Erwin Piscator Workshop at the New School for Social Research in New York. She left
Stella_Adler_Studio_of_Acting
Topics referred to by the same term
alledem!, the second film in the Karl Liebknecht series Trotz Alledem, an Erwin Piscator revue production and pioneering work of documentary theatre Trotz Allem
Trotz_alledem
German author, playwright, left-wing politician and revolutionary (1893–1939)
later dramas, Hoppla, We're Alive! (Hoppla, wir Leben!), directed by Erwin Piscator, premiered in Berlin in 1925. It tells of a revolutionary discharged
Ernst_Toller
American actor (1922–1984)
1950, Parfrey married Rosa Ellovich. He trained under acting teacher Erwin Piscator at the New School for Social Research. Parfrey died of a heart attack
Woodrow_Parfrey
Collaborative form of performing art
realism of Stanislavski and Lee Strasberg, the political theatre of Erwin Piscator and Bertolt Brecht, the so-called Theatre of the Absurd of Samuel Beckett
Theatre
American actress and acting teacher (1901–1992)
returned to New York to act, direct, and teach, the latter first at Erwin Piscator's Dramatic Workshop at the New School for Social Research, New York City
Stella_Adler
1934 German labour movement song
fascism. In December 1934, at the request of fellow theatre director Erwin Piscator, Brecht wrote the "Einheitsfrontlied", calling for all workers to join
Einheitsfrontlied
American actor and playwright
Year General 2021 Edith Wharton Citation of Merit for Fiction 2019 Erwin Piscator Award 2017 Steinberg Playwright Award 2017 Award in Literature from
Ayad_Akhtar
Alleged Soviet disinformation campaign against the Vatican
author Rolf Hochhuth, but by KGB agents; and that the play's producer, Erwin Piscator, founder of the Proletarian Theater in Berlin, was a devout Communist
Seat_12
American screenwriter and actress (1936–2016)
After a year of college, Turner moved back to New York, studying at Erwin Piscator's Dramatic Workshop and then with acting coach Paul Mann, where she met
Barbara_Turner_(screenwriter)
1946 novel by Robert Penn Warren
of them in close collaboration with famous German theatre director Erwin Piscator in 1947. The story was adapted for radio by NBC University Theatre and
All_the_King's_Men
in Rehfisch's social satire Duel at the Lido in 1926. Together with Erwin Piscator he led the Zentraltheater in 1920, in the Alten Jakobstrasse, Berlin-Mitte
Hans_Rehfisch
Theater with debate on social issues
(1930), which concerns the issue of abortion, and which was directed by Erwin Piscator. Kitchen sink drama Problem novel Problem picture Social novel Very
Problem_play
German dramaturge, director and theatre critic
November 2016. Quoted in: Letter from Felix Gasbarra to Erwin Piscator, 11 February 1957, in: Erwin Piscator: Letters. Volume 3.2: Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Herbert_Ihering
German actress and singer (1900–1942)
von Wangenheim with whom he worked at his cabaret Kolonne Links and Erwin Piscator, with whom she worked training German exiles for theatre roles.[3][4]
Carola_Neher
Hungarian painter and photographer
(1926) A 19 (1927) CH XI (1929) Pont Transbordeur, Marseille (1929) Erwin Piscator – Das politische Theater (1929) Construction AL6 (1933–1934) Space modulator
László_Moholy-Nagy
Willi Münzenberg Alexander Neroslow [de] Theodor Neubauer Fritz Perls Erwin Piscator Alexander Radó Anni Reich Wilhelm Reich Ludwig Renn Albert Rosenfelder [de]
Marxist_Workers'_School
Cemetery in Berlin, Germany
Bruno Paul* (1874–1968), architect Günter Pfitzmann (1924–2003), actor Erwin Piscator* (1893–1966), stage director Gerhart Pohl* (1902–1966), writer Ernst
Waldfriedhof_Zehlendorf
American academic (born 1928)
both on and off Broadway, together with the renowned German director, Erwin Piscator, who first put Bertold Brecht on the Berlin Stage. Cosgrove, Brendan
Irwin_Weil
Play, film or TV program that has a political component
Dario Fo Jean Genet Jerzy Grotowski (Art as Vehicle) Harold Pinter Erwin Piscator Political thriller Political cinema Proletarian literature Theatre state
Political_drama
Private university in New York City
Drama founded by German emigrant theatre director Erwin Piscator. The department chairs hired by Piscator were Stella Adler (acting), Lee Strasberg (directing)
The_New_School
Former theatre and concert hall
operetta stage until in 1927, Erwin Piscator and Tilla Durieux opened their Theater am Nollendorfplatz in the building. Piscator created critical performances
Metropol_(Berlin)
German anarchist writer (1878–1934)
barely punishing the right wing participants in the Putsch. In 1928, Erwin Piscator produced Mühsam's third play, Staatsräson (For reasons of State), based
Erich_Mühsam
American journalist
Wellesley Alumnae Achievement Award. In 2013, she also received the Erwin Piscator Honorary Award for her writing. Many of her other outstanding awards
Barbara_Goldsmith
American actor, director, and writer (1908–1992)
(1935 as Mrs. Bean and Mrs. Carsons at the 46th Street Theatre), and Erwin Piscator and Lena Goldschmidt's Case of Clyde Griffiths (1936 as Sondra Finchley
Margaret_Barker_(actress)
Albanian-born Austrian actor (1879–1935)
Expressionist and epic theatre movement initiated by directors like Erwin Piscator and Bertolt Brecht. He finally left Germany after the Nazi Machtergreifung
Aleksandër_Moisiu
Irish scenic designer, costume designer, lighting designer and director
the Total Theater designed by architect Walter Gropius for director Erwin Piscator American Theatre Wing Tony Award The American Theatre Wing's Tony Awards
Sean_Kenny_(theatre_designer)
Sound track creation
about Rasputin written in (1927) by Alexej Tolstoi and directed by Erwin Piscator that included a recording of Lenin's voice. Whilst the term "sound designer"
Sound_design
political sociologist Frank O'Hara Elsie Clews Parsons Cipe Pineles Erwin Piscator (1893–1966), German theatre director and producer Richard Plant (1910–1998)
List_of_New_School_people
1940 Nazi German film
takeover. He had worked with fellow left-wingers, the theatre director Erwin Piscator and dramatist Bertolt Brecht and had starred in the lead role of the
Jud_Süß
Film studio in Moscow, Russia (e. 1915)
1934 Восстание рыбаков / Revolt of the Fishermen (drama), directed by Erwin Piscator 1936 Груня Корнакова (Соловей-соловушко) / The Nightingale (first soviet
Gorky_Film_Studio
German painter and graphic designer
and in 1922 he co-founded the "Artist's Relief" division thereof with Erwin Piscator. In 1924, Nagel joined the Red Group in Berlin and accompanied an exhibition
Otto_Nagel
American actor (1924–2002)
production of the musical South Pacific in 1949. While studying with Erwin Piscator at the Dramatic Workshop of The New School for Social Research, he was
Sidney_Armus
American playwright (1894–1981)
experiment with expressionism and the Epic theatre of Bertolt Brecht and Erwin Piscator. In the 1930s Green largely abandoned the New York theatre, whose commercialism
Paul_Green_(playwright)
Calendar year
– Stylianos Gonatas, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1876) March 30 – Erwin Piscator, German theater director (b. 1893) April 1 – Flann O'Brien, Irish humorist
1966
Venezuelan-American theater director, filmmaker and playwright
2024 Carbonell Award: Las Aventuras de Juan Planchard 2024 37th Annual Erwin Piscator Award 2025 Lucille Lortel Award Outstanding Play: Here There Are Blueberries
Moisés_Kaufman
East German politician (1899-1970)
of overseas travel on behalf of the IRTB. In 1936 he traveled with Erwin Piscator to Paris. Paris, like Moscow, was becoming an informal headquarters
Arthur_Pieck
German actress and writer
from the original on 17 May 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2025. letter to Erwin Piscator, 27 May 1940 Steffin, Margarete: Briefe an berühmte Männer, Hamburg :
Margarete_Steffin
American director (1930–2019)
Garfein took classes in acting with the influential German director Erwin Piscator. Among his classmates were Walter Matthau, Tony Curtis and Rod Steiger
Jack_Garfein
of the Absurd, advocating and advancing the work of such figures as Erwin Piscator. Hellmer became a producer and literary agent in the 1940s, representing
Kurt_Hellmer
Emergence of art and science in the Weimar Republic
Bertolt Brecht, cabaret, and stage direction by Max Reinhardt and Erwin Piscator. Many theatre works were sympathetic towards Marxist themes, or were
Weimar_culture
Day of the year
Maxfield Parrish, American painter and illustrator (born 1870) 1966 – Erwin Piscator, German director and producer (born 1893) 1967 – Frank Thorpe, Australian
March_30
1943 play by Jean-Paul Sartre
the head of the Dramatic Workshop, German expatriate stage director Erwin Piscator. The New York Times' critic Lester Bernstein reacted favorably to the
The_Flies
Creative field of stagecraft
projection delivered by systems such as the PANI projector. The German Erwin Piscator, as stage director at the Berlin Volksbühne in the 1920s, made extensive
Video_design
American actor and film director (1930–2000)
Navy, Hayes returned to New York City and began studying acting with Erwin Piscator. Hayes began his career in the 1950s producing and directing short films
John_Hayes_(director)
German film director and cinematographer
international acclaim despite their being almost eight years old. Together with Erwin Piscator, he worked on the film Melody of the World (1929), though he is best
Walter_Ruttmann
Political and cultural journal
Stadler Theodor Lessing Franz Mehring Erich Mühsam Mynona Karl Otten Erwin Piscator Ludwig Rubiner René Schickele Paul Scheerbart Walter Serner Carl Sternheim
Die_Aktion
German writer and Communist activist
of the League for Proletarian Culture in 1919. In October 1920, with Erwin Piscator he founded the Proletarian Theatre, Stage of the Revolutionary Workers
Hermann_Schüller
1921–1923 novel by Jaroslav Hašek
Schwejk stage play adapted from Hašek's novel by Max Brod, Hans Reimann, Erwin Piscator, Felix Gasbarra [de], and Bertolt Brecht, with sets by George Grosz
The_Good_Soldier_Švejk
Littmann Peter Lund Thomas Ostermeier Peter Palitzsch Claus Peymann Erwin Piscator Max Reinhardt Einar Schleef Peter Stein Karl Heinz Stroux Heinz Tietjen
List of theatre directors in the 20th and 21st centuries
List_of_theatre_directors_in_the_20th_and_21st_centuries
American novelist
University and moved to New York, where he became private secretary to Erwin Piscator, then head of the Dramatic Workshop at the New School for Social Research;
David_Weiss_(novelist)
Epic parable play written by Bertolt Brecht
and offered it to theatres in Paris, London, New York, and Prague. Erwin Piscator considered directing the play in Moscow several times during 1935–36
Round_Heads_and_Pointed_Heads
Artwork created through actions of an artist or other participants
by its founders: actress Judith Malina, who had studied theatre with Erwin Piscator, with whom she studied Bertolt Brecht's and Meyerhold's theory; and
Performance_art
German singer and actor (1900–1980)
go on to start his own record label and work with Bertolt Brecht and Erwin Piscator at the "Berliner Ensemble". A beloved figure in the German Democratic
Ernst_Busch_(actor)
Form of theatre or performance that involves the manipulation of puppets
kukolnost ('puppetness'). Others, including Edward Gordon Craig and Erwin Piscator were influenced by puppetry. Maeterlinck, Shaw, Lorca and others wrote
Puppetry
Austrian-born composer (1894–1930)
included the scoring of plays by Bertolt Brecht. His acquaintance with Erwin Piscator led to him writing music for films soon after. Meisel quickly came to
Edmund_Meisel
ERWIN PISCATOR
ERWIN PISCATOR
Male
English
Middle English form of Anglo-Saxon Eadwine, EDWIN means "rich friend."Â
Male
English
 Medieval English form of Anglo-Saxon Eoforwin, ERWIN means "boar friend." Compare with another form of Erwin.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Middle English personal name Edwine, Old English Ēadwine, composed of the elements ēad ‘prosperity’, ‘fortune’ + wine ‘friend’.Indian (southern states) : name in the Christian community. It is only found as a given name in India (from the English personal name), but has come to be used as a family name among South Indian Christians in the U.S.
Boy/Male
Welsh American English
White river.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Marvin.
Girl/Female
Australian, Celtic, Irish
Peace; An Ancient and Poetic Name for Ireland; Form of Erin
Girl/Female
Hindu
Variant of marvin
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, British, Christian, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Gaelic, German, Scottish, Swedish
Friend of the Sea; Form of Irving; Handsome and Fair; Place Name; Beautiful; Honored Friend
Male
English
Probably a variant spelling of English Darwin, DERWIN means "dear friend."
Male
English
Variant spelling of Middle English Alwin, ELWIN means "elf friend."Â
Surname or Lastname
English (Cumbria)
English (Cumbria) : variant of Irvin.
Male
English
 Variant spelling of English Erwin, ERVIN means "boar friend." Compare with another form of Ervin.
Female
English
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Éirinn, ERIN means "Ireland."Â
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and Irish
English, Scottish, and Irish : variant spelling of Irwin.Variant of Welsh Urien (see Uren).
Surname or Lastname
Northern Irish, Scottish, and English
Northern Irish, Scottish, and English : variant of Irvin.English : from the Middle English personal name Irwyn, Erwyn, or Everwyn, Old English Eoforwine, composed of the elements eofor ‘wild boar’ + wine ‘friend’.From the Welsh personal name Urien (see Uren).
Male
English
Middle English form of Anglo-Saxon Eoforwine, IRWIN means "boar friend."
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Friend of the Sea
Boy/Male
American, British, English, Gaelic, Scottish
Friend of the Sea; Variant of Erwin; Boar-friend; Place Name; Beautiful
Boy/Male
English
Harvest-time friend.
Girl/Female
English
Friend of the sea.
ERWIN PISCATOR
ERWIN PISCATOR
Girl/Female
Indian
Town in makkah where the pilgrims used to dorn their ehrams
Boy/Male
Arabic
Brave
Girl/Female
Indian
Insatiable
Girl/Female
Indian
Fur
Girl/Female
Tamil
Spandana | ஸà¯à®ªà®‚தநாÂ
Motivation, Responsible
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sikh, Tamil, Telugu
Universe; World
Boy/Male
English
Short.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hebrew, Indian
Like the Lord
Boy/Male
Indian
Grace
Girl/Female
Latin
Queen.
ERWIN PISCATOR
ERWIN PISCATOR
ERWIN PISCATOR
ERWIN PISCATOR
ERWIN PISCATOR
n.
A fish (Lophius piscatorius), of Europe and America, having a large, broad, and depressed head, with the mouth very large. Peculiar appendages on the head are said to be used to entice fishes within reach. Called also fishing frog, frogfish, toadfish, goosefish, allmouth, monkfish, etc.
n.
An Armenian.
a.
Alt. of Piscatory
n.
A fisherman; an angler.
n.
A hydrous arseniate of copper, of an emerald-green color; -- so called from Erin, or Ireland, where it occurs.
n.
A swimming bird (Sula fiber or S. sula) related to the common gannet, and found in the West Indies, nesting on the bare rocks. It is so called on account of its apparent stupidity. The name is also sometimes applied to other species of gannets; as, S. piscator, the red-footed booby.
v. t.
To win again, or win back.
a.
Of or pertaining to fishes or fishing.
n.
An early, and now a poetic, name of Ireland.