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Technique for Internet censorship circumvention
Domain fronting is a technique for Internet censorship circumvention that uses different domain names in different communication layers of an HTTPS connection
Domain_fronting
TLS extension to serve multiple HTTPS sites
the HTTP header host and reject connections with domain-fronted SNI as invalid). While domain fronting was used in the past to avoid government censorship
Server_Name_Indication
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up fronting in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Fronting may refer to: Fronting (sound change), pronunciation of a sound further forward in the mouth
Fronting
Privacy-focused encrypted messaging app
change to stop domain fronting for all countries. Due to this issue, Signal made a public change to use Amazon CloudFront for domain fronting. However, AWS
Signal_(software)
Methods to bypass internet censorship
the Opera Mini browser except for a special Chinese version. Domain fronting: Domain fronting hides the destination of a network connection by passing initial
Internet censorship circumvention
Internet_censorship_circumvention
Identification string in the Internet
Domain fronting – Technique for Internet censorship circumvention Domain hack Domain hijacking Domain name registrar Domain name speculation Domain name
Domain_name
Anti-censorship software
currently-active Snowflake proxy by asking a broker server, which in turn uses domain fronting to pretend to be a major website. The client then talks directly to
Snowflake_(software)
HTTP extension supporting TLS encryption
the IP address and port number of the web server, and sometimes even the domain name (e.g. www.example.org, but not the rest of the URL) that a user is
HTTPS
Free and open-source internet circumvention tool
Paxson V. (2015-05-15). "Blocking-resistant communication through domain fronting". Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies. 2015 (2). Proceedings
Psiphon
Internet censorship circumvention software
reluctant to block, often hiding in protocols such as TLS. It also uses domain fronting. It is not an anonymity tool like Tor. Lantern was developed and is
Lantern_(software)
Configuration file for computer networking
to be used for all URLs. Most browsers allow you to specify a list of domains (such as localhost) that will bypass this proxy. Proxy auto-configuration
Proxy_auto-config
Extension of a private network across a public one
It allows geographically dispersed sites to share an Ethernet broadcast domain by connecting sites (including both servers and clients) through pseudowires
Virtual_private_network
Internet censorship circumvention technique
refraction networking with support from the U.S. Department of State. Domain fronting "Refraction Networking". refraction.network. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
Refraction_networking
specific parts of the Internet, assuming they allow access at all. Domain fronting J. Alex Halderman (18 July 2011). "Anticensorship in the Internet's
Telex (anti-censorship system)
Telex_(anti-censorship_system)
Protocol to encrypt DNS queries
DNSCrypt is a network protocol that authenticates and encrypts Domain Name System (DNS) traffic between the user's computer and recursive name servers
DNSCrypt
Internet software utility
hundreds of mirror sites at any time, and each with a varying IP and DNS domain names to defeat IP blocking and DNS hijacking. On the backend, DynaWeb also
Freegate
Use of inside information to register domains for resell or ad revenue
Domain name front running is the practice whereby a domain name registrar uses insider information to register domains for the purpose of re-selling them
Domain_name_front_running
Large-scale intranet maintained by a nation-state as a substitute for the Internet
separated from the rest of the Internet. The network uses domain names under the .kp top-level domain that are not accessible from the global Internet. As
National_intranet
Picture Academy Award-winners All Quiet on the Western Front and Cimarron entered the public domain this year. † Indicates films currently in theatrical
2026_in_film
the country. The ministry previously blocked Wikimedia's authentication domain (auth.wikimedia.org) and Wikimedia Commons under the same law. The block
Censorship_of_Wikipedia
Internet censorship circumvention technique
or take down entire services. Cute cat theory of digital activism Domain fronting Lantern (software) Refraction networking Telex (anti-censorship system)
Collateral_freedom
Hand That Serves You: A Closer Look at Client-Side Flash Proxies for Cross-Domain Requests". Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 6739. pp. 85–103. doi:10
Flash_proxy
Type of intellectual property infringement
Cybersquatting (also known as domain squatting) is the practice of registering, trafficking in, or using an Internet domain name, with a bad faith intent
Cybersquatting
Censorship by corporations
in domain fronting, a technique that circumvents Internet censorship. However, things later changed as Google and Amazon disabled domain fronting and
Corporate_censorship
Iranian intranet network
prayer that Telegram is haram and requested the NIN to be implemented. Domain fronting Iranian regime Presidential spokesperson Hazrati, Minister of ICT and
National_Information_Network
Legal control of the internet
on the Internet. Censorship is most often applied to specific internet domains (such as Wikipedia.org, for example) but exceptionally may extend to all
Internet_censorship
Practice of temporarily registering a domain
Domain tasting is the practice of temporarily registering a domain under the five-day Add Grace Period at the beginning of the registration of an ICANN-regulated
Domain_tasting
animated films in the public domain in the United States for which there is a source to verify its status as public domain under the terms of U.S. copyright
List of animated films in the public domain in the United States
List_of_animated_films_in_the_public_domain_in_the_United_States
physics, a front is an interface between two different possible states (either stable or unstable) in a physical system. For example, a weather front is the
Front_(physics)
copyright expires, it enters the public domain. The following is a list of creators whose works entered the public domain in 2026. Since laws vary globally
2026_in_public_domain
Topics referred to by the same term
organization BLUF (communication) – an acronym for bottom line up front BLUF domain, a protein domain that senses blue light Bluff (disambiguation) This disambiguation
BLUF
Works are in the public domain if they are not covered by the intellectual property right known as copyright, or if the intellectual property rights to
Public domain in the United States
Public_domain_in_the_United_States
Internet financial scheme
Domain name speculation, popular as domain investing, domain flipping or domaining in professional jargon, is the practice of identifying and registering
Domain_name_speculation
Internet shock site
without the .cx top-level domain as Goatse, is an internet domain that originally housed an Internet shock site. Its front page featured a picture entitled
Goatse.cx
Cape Penck is an ice-covered point fronting on the West Ice Shelf about 35 miles west-northwest of Gaussberg, separating the Leopold and Astrid Coast from
Cape_Penck
Any web page served from a single domain
website, or web site, is any web page whose content is identified by a common domain name and is published on at least one web server. Websites are typically
Website
American-based technology company
technology company and a subsidiary of Newfold Digital. In addition to being a domain registrar, Network Solutions provides web services such as web hosting and
Network_Solutions
When a work's copyright expires, it enters the public domain. Since laws vary globally, the copyright status of works is not uniform. The following lists
2025_in_public_domain
copyright expires, it enters the public domain. The following is a list of works that entered the public domain in 2000. Since laws vary globally, the
2000_in_public_domain
Domain registration service by Google
Google Domains was a domain name registrar and domain management service operated by Google. It was launched in 2014 and continued to operate, mostly as
Google_Domains
subject to copyright, but those listed here are believed to be in the public domain in the United States. This means that no government, organization, or individual
List of films in the public domain in the United States
List_of_films_in_the_public_domain_in_the_United_States
Japanese feudal domain located in Hizen Province
Ōmura Domain (大村藩, Ōmura-han) was a Japanese domain of the Edo period. It was centered around Kushima Castle in what is now the city of Ōmura, Nagasaki
Ōmura_Domain
Amendment to the Indian Constitution
article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. "Front Page: 'Socialist' tag in statute challenged". The Hindu. 9 January 2008
Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India
Forty-second_Amendment_of_the_Constitution_of_India
Russian military disinformation website
source?] The web then changed its domain to southfront.press. In 2016, Finnish journalist Jessikka Aro described SouthFront as "an allegedly citizen-sourced
SouthFront
entered the public domain in the United States in 2024. Sound recordings that were published in 1923 entered the public domain. The most famous work
2024 in American public domain
2024_in_American_public_domain
Japanese feudal domain located in Harima Province
Show map of Hyōgo Prefecture Akō Domain (Japan) Show map of Japan Akō Domain (赤穂藩, Akō-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period
Akō_Domain
Plot device in fiction
A parallel universe, also known as an alternate universe, world, or dimension, is a plot device in fiction which uses the notion of a hypothetical universe
Parallel_universes_in_fiction
Registrars controlling expired domain names
Domain name warehousing is the practice of registrars obtaining control of expired domain names already under their management, with the intent to hold
Domain_name_warehousing
Domain (諏訪藩, Suwa-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It was located in Shinano Province, Honshū. The domain was
Suwa_Domain
Disputed territory in north-western Africa
Retrieved 13 November 2011. ESISC is a Brussels-based commercial firm in the domain of counselling Archived 18 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine, including
Western_Sahara
Internet top-level domain operated by Google
.zip is a top-level domain name operated by Google. It is a generic top-level domain (gTLD) introduced under the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names
.zip_(top-level_domain)
Headland in Antarctica
96°25′E / 66.583°S 96.417°E / -66.583; 96.417) is an ice-covered headland fronting on the Shackleton Ice Shelf, 18 nautical miles (33 km) west of Cape Dovers
Cape_Moyes
Administrative division in western Japan during the Edo period (1600-1871)
map of Tottori Prefecture Tottori Domain (Japan) Show map of Japan Tottori Domain (鳥取藩, Tottori-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of
Tottori_Domain
Group in Mindanao, Philippines, seeking Moro autonomy
the MILF from officially signing the Memorandum of Agreement on Ancestral Domain (MOA-AD), which would conclude all dispute and begin formal talks that would
Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front
1868–1869 Japanese civil war
countries at the time. An alliance of western samurai, particularly the domains of Chōshū, Satsuma, and Tosa, and court officials secured control of the
Boshin_War
1928 novel by Erich Maria Remarque
Western Front at Wikisource All Quiet on the Western Front public domain audiobook at LibriVox Media related to All Quiet on the Western Front at Wikimedia
All Quiet on the Western Front
All_Quiet_on_the_Western_Front
Japanese manga series
known as a Domain Expansion (領域展開, Ryōiki Tenkai), in which the user conjures a pocket dimension that traps their target inside. Within the Domain, the user's
Jujutsu_Kaisen
Domain name registry owned by Google
owned subsidiary of Google LLC. It is the domain name registry that Google uses to handle its top-level domains (TLDs). The company was founded on February
Google_Registry
copyright expires, it enters the public domain. The following is a list of creators whose works entered the public domain in 2021. Since laws vary globally
2021_in_public_domain
Canadian internet services and telecommunications company
States. The company is composed of three independent businesses: Tucows Domains, Ting Internet, and Wavelo. Tucows, which stands for "The Ultimate Collection
Tucows
Mercenary and spy in feudal Japan
army high on the front gate. In 1608, a daimyo named Tōdō Takatora was assigned by Ieyasu to control of Tsu, a newly established domain which covered portions
Ninja
Shock website (1996–2012)
website's front page was last archived in February 2018. In late 1996, Soylent wrote a program that identified unregistered Internet domain names consisting
Rotten.com
Reusable solution template to a commonly-needed software behavior
to codify design patterns in particular domains, including the use of existing design patterns as well as domain-specific design patterns. Examples include
Software_design_pattern
retainer of the Kubota Domain, he was handed over to Yokote Shodai. In the Boshin War, Tomura participated in the Akita Front [ja] as he fought against
Tomura_Yoshinori
Internet top-level domain
.app is a generic top-level domain (gTLD) in ICANN's New gTLD Program. Google purchased the gTLD in an ICANN Auction of Last Resort in February 2015. The
.app_(top-level_domain)
When a work's copyright expires, it enters the public domain. Since laws vary globally, the copyright status of some works are not uniform. The following
2031_in_public_domain
Rail line in Ontario, Canada
The Toronto Zoo Domain Ride (also known as the Canadian Domain Ride) was an automated guideway transit (AGT) service used to carry visitors between sections
Toronto_Zoo_Domain_Ride
U.S. defense initiative to connect armed forces sensors into a unified network
Joint All-Domain Command and Control, or JADC2, is a concept in active development by the United States Department of Defense to link sensors from all
Joint All-Domain Command and Control
Joint_All-Domain_Command_and_Control
Residential building in Melbourne designed by Robin Boyd
Domain Park Flats (also referred to as Domain Park Apartments and Domain Park Towers) is a 20-storey residential building in Melbourne, Australia, completed
Domain_Park_Flats
Emperor of Japan from 1867 to 1912
and the daimyō subject to it, who ruled over Japan's 270 decentralized domains. The opening of Japan to the West from 1854 fueled domestic demands for
Emperor_Meiji
Website providing torrent files and magnet links
Over the years the website has faced several server raids, shutdowns and domain seizures, switching to a series of new web addresses to continue operating
The_Pirate_Bay
Linked hypertext system on the Internet
using HTTP. Multiple web resources with a common theme and usually a common domain name make up a website. A single web server may provide multiple websites
World_Wide_Web
Japanese Samurai, Daimyo and Military ruler of Japan from 1603 to 1605
譜代藩の研究 : 譜代内藤藩の藩政と藩領 [Research on the Fudai domain: the government and domain of the Fudai Naito domain] (in Japanese). Meiji University. p. 44. Retrieved
Tokugawa_Ieyasu
Country in Southeast Asia
the 17th and 18th centuries, Vietnam was effectively divided into two domains, Đàng Trong and Đàng Ngoài. The Nguyễn—the last imperial dynasty—surrendered
Vietnam
Topics referred to by the same term
Bar, a type of graphical control element Space bar, a keyboard key BAR domain, in molecular biology Barbell, a long object lifted for exercise Chin-up
Bar
Japanese female warrior
forward on the front line without permission, as the senior Aizu retainers did not allow them to fight as an official part of the domain's army. This unit
Nakano_Takeko
Former American big-box store electronics retailer
business name Frenchy Frys, owned the domain name frys.com, and was also involved in another dispute over the domain newricochet.com with Ricochet Networks
Fry's_Electronics
U.S. federal criminal case against the founders of 3 online poker companies
April 20, 2011, the U.S. Attorney's office returned the Pokerstars.com domain to the company, facilitating the withdrawal of U.S. players' funds. About
United_States_v._Scheinberg
Website domain
Hell.com is a domain name that achieved a degree of notoriety due to its name, and an intentionally mysterious website that existed there from August 1995
Hell.com
Dictator of Italy from 1922 to 1943
Mussolini at the Internet Archive Works by Benito Mussolini at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks) Il Duce 'sought Hitler ban' September 2003 BBC News Authorized
Benito_Mussolini
883°W / -70.500; -67.883) is a rocky point surmounted by a small peak, fronting on George VI Sound and marking the north side of the mouth of Meiklejohn
Moore_Point
Defunct American computer manufacturer (1980–1996)
symbolics.com domain was originally registered on 15 March 1985, making it the first .com-domain in the world. In August 2009, it was sold to a domain name investment
Symbolics
Type of AI with wide-ranging abilities
superintelligence (ASI) would outperform the best human abilities across every domain by a wide margin. Unlike artificial narrow intelligence (ANI), whose competence
Artificial general intelligence
Artificial_general_intelligence
copyright expires, it enters the public domain. The following is a list of works that entered the public domain in 2001. Since laws vary globally, the
2001_in_public_domain
Ongoing armed conflict in North Africa
Retrieved 8 January 2012. ESISC is a Brussels-based commercial firm in the domain of counselling, including among its clients the Moroccan embassy in Belgium
Western_Sahara_conflict
Microsoft webmail service
Microsoft account, using the @outlook.com and @hotmail.com domains. Various other domains, including @live.com, @msn.com, @passport.com and @windowslive
Outlook.com
Earth Systems when the paper was first published, and is in the public domain. The paper may be freely downloaded here by anyone. The paper describing
Soil moisture velocity equation
Soil_moisture_velocity_equation
1930 American film by Lewis Milestone
on a finished novel. As a film published in 1930, it entered the public domain on January 1, 2026, following expiry of the copyright on the novel in 2024
All Quiet on the Western Front (1930 film)
All_Quiet_on_the_Western_Front_(1930_film)
Form of the Greek language found in Homer
John Wright, 1985. ISBN 0-8061-1937-3. First edition of 1920 in public domain. Stanford, William Bedell (1959) [1947]. "Introduction, Grammatical Introduction"
Homeric_Greek
Scientific research paper file sharing website
default, leading to loss of some of its Internet domain names. The site has cycled through different domain names since then. Sci-Hub has been praised by
Sci-Hub
Peninsula in Queen Mary Land, Antarctica
broad, ice-covered peninsula between Reid Glacier and the Bay of Winds, fronting on Shackleton Ice Shelf, Antarctica. It was discovered by the Australasian
Melba_Peninsula
Public park in Auckland, New Zealand
The Auckland Domain, also known as Pukekawa / Auckland Domain, is a large park in Auckland, New Zealand. Consisting of 75 hectares (190 acres) of land
Auckland_Domain
Champagne house in Reims, France
with a celebrity artist. Entrance to the Pommery Cellars Pommery's Tudor domain in Reims List of Champagne houses D. & P. Kladstrup. Champagne. Harper Collins
Pommery
Internet top-level domain
brand top-level domain (TLD) used in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet. Created in 2014, it is one of the dozens of brand domains in Google Registry
Multi-Domain Warfare Officer was a qualification of the US Air Force beginning in June 2018. Chief of Staff of the Air Force, Gen. David L. Goldfein directed
Multi-Domain_Warfare_Officer
Depopulated borough in the United States
Conyngham Township. All real estate in the borough was claimed under eminent domain in 1992 and condemned by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Centralia's ZIP
Centralia,_Pennsylvania
American actress (born 1947)
movies: Love at Large alongside Tom Berenger, Narrow Margin, and Eminent Domain. She starred alongside Harrison Ford in the 1992 spy thriller film Patriot
Anne_Archer
Copyright license for free use of a work
a need for a license between the existing modes of copyright and public domain status. Version 1.0 of the licenses was officially released on December
Creative_Commons_license
German WWII medium tank
"Für diese Domain wurden keine Inhalte hinterlegt". Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2021. "Für diese Domain wurden keine
Panzer_IV
Services, also known as FrontBridge, is an email filtering system owned by Microsoft. It was acquired in 2005 from Frontbridge Inc. FrontBridge Technologies
Microsoft Exchange Hosted Services
Microsoft_Exchange_Hosted_Services
DOMAIN FRONTING
DOMAIN FRONTING
Boy/Male
Indian
Spontaneous
Male
English
English name coined by Oscar Wilde for a character in his novel The Portrait of Dorian Gray, 1891. Probably derived from Latin Dorianus, DORIAN means "of the Dorian tribe."
Male
Hebrew
(דּï‹×¨Ö¸×Ÿ) Hebrew name of Greek origin, DORAN means "gift." Compare with another form of Doran.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Old English personal name Dēormann, composed of Old English dēor (see Dear) + mann ‘man’. This surname became established in Ireland in the 17th century; sometimes it is found as a variant of Dornan.German (Dormann) : occupational name for a doorkeeper or gatekeeper or topographic name for someone who lived by the gate of a town or city. Compare Dorer, Dorwart.Hungarian (Dormán) : from the old secular personal name Dormán.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : unexplained.
Male
French
French form of Latin Romanus, ROMAIN means "Roman."
Girl/Female
French American
Woman of Rome.
Boy/Male
English American Greek
Descendant of Dorus. Dorian was a character in Oscar Wilde's novel The Picture of Dorian Gray who...
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Dole or of Doll.Dutch : nickname for a stupid person.Americanized spelling of German Dollmann (see Dollman).Hungarian Dolmán : variant of Dolmány, metonymic occupational name or nickname from dolmány ‘embroidered coat’, named after a Szekler village in Transylvania called Dolmán. In some cases this may be an Americanized spelling of Dolmáni, habitational name for someone from the village itself.
Male
Slovene
Slovene form of Latin Dominicus, DOMEN means "belongs to the lord."
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
Love's Labours Lost' Lord attending on King Ferdinand.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a diminutive of Dobb.Jewish (from Lithuania and Belarus) : metronymic from the Yiddish female personal name Dobke, a pet form of Dobre (see Dobrin).
Girl/Female
American, Australian, French, German, Latin
Woman from Rome; Of Rome; Citizen of Rome; Female Version of Roman
Boy/Male
French Latin
A Roman.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Dominey.
Male
Romanian
Romanian form of Latin Dorianus, DORIN means "of the Dorian tribe."
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
A Dorian
Male
English
English name derived from Latin Damianus, DAMIAN means "to tame, to subdue" and euphemistically "to kill."Â
Boy/Male
Australian, French, German, Jamaican, Latin, Swiss
A Roman; Man from Rome
Female
French
Feminine form of French Romain, ROMAINE means "Roman."
Surname or Lastname
English, northern Irish, and Scottish
English, northern Irish, and Scottish : from a pet form of Robin, which is itself a pet form of Robert.
DOMAIN FRONTING
DOMAIN FRONTING
DOMAIN FRONTING
DOMAIN FRONTING
DOMAIN FRONTING
DOMAIN FRONTING
DOMAIN FRONTING