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American microcomputer company
Cromemco, Inc. was a Mountain View, California microcomputer company known for its high-end Z80-based S-100 bus computers and peripherals in the early
Cromemco
The Cromemco Dazzler was a graphics card for S-100 bus computers introduced in a Popular Electronics cover story in 1976. It was the first color graphics
Cromemco_Dazzler
Early computer bus
these lines in a tri-state condition to allow direct memory access. The Cromemco Dazzler, for example, is an early S-100 card that retrieved digital images
S-100_bus
First all-digital solid-state camera
The Cromemco Cyclops, introduced in 1975 by Cromemco, was the first commercial all-digital camera using a digital metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) image
Cromemco_Cyclops
Z-2 is a series of microcomputers made by Cromemco, Inc. which were introduced to the market in the middle to late 1970s. They were S-100 bus machines
Cromemco_Z-2
Computer operating system
hardware manufactured by Cromemco, Tarbell Electronics and North Star Computers. The Western Digital FD1771-based Cromemco and Tarbell boards supported
86-DOS
by Unisys Cromemco DOS (CDOS) – a Disk Operating system compatible with CP/M Cromix – a multitasking, multi-user, Unix-like OS for Cromemco microcomputers
List_of_operating_systems
The Bytesaver, introduced by Cromemco in 1976, was the first programmable memory board for the MITS Altair and S-100 bus microcomputer systems. The Bytesaver
Cromemco_Bytesaver
Floppy disk controller
Cromemco 4FDC floppy-disk controller is designed to interface both 5.25- and 8.0-inch floppy disk drives to the S-100 computer bus used in Cromemco and
Cromemco_4FDC
Swedish computer firm
most prominent probably being the entire Unix server product line from Cromemco. The compiler technology developed by Tomas Evensen at DIAB was bought
Dataindustrier_AB
Computer entrepreneur
1947) is a scientist, engineer, author, and entrepreneur who co-founded Cromemco Inc., one of the earliest and most successful microcomputer companies.
Harry_Garland
Discontinued family of computer operating systems
use of Digital Research code. Some contemporary examples were: Cromemco CDOS from Cromemco MSX-DOS for the MSX range of computers is CP/M-compatible and
CP/M
American computer programmer (born 1935)
the software for early microcomputer systems from Tandy Corporation and Cromemco. He made early use of the word copyleft, in Palo Alto Tiny BASIC's distribution
Li-Chen_Wang
American businessman (born 1946)
innovations. Dr. Melen was co-founder of Cromemco, one of the earliest microcomputer companies. At Cromemco he developed color graphics systems that were
Roger_Melen
1982 film directed by John Carpenter
developed the opening computer simulation for Escape from New York, used a Cromemco Z-2 to design the computer program showing how the Thing assimilates other
The_Thing_(1982_film)
1977 microcomputer operating system
Cromemco DOS or CDOS (an abbreviation for Cromemco Disk Operating System) is a CP/M-like operating system by Cromemco designed to allow users of Cromemco
Cromemco_DOS
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up dazzler in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Dazzler may refer to: Cromemco Dazzler, a graphics card for S-100 bus computers The Cruise of the Dazzler
Dazzler
The Cromemco Octart was an expansion card made by Cromemco for their range of S-100 bus based computer systems. Released in late 1983, the Octart provided
Cromemco_Octart
Technique to increase usable memory
were switched in and out via bank select registers or similar mechanisms. Cromemco was the first microcomputer manufacturer to use bank switching, supporting
Bank_switching
Software package used to display information in the form of a slide show
microcomputer-based presentation software was Cromemco's Slidemaster, developed by John F. Dunn and released by Cromemco in 1981. The first software displaying
Presentation_program
American computer retailer
H. Millard, looks on as ComputerLand's Cromemco distribution agreement is finalized in 1984 (L to R: Cromemco President Harry Garland, ComputerLand President
ComputerLand
Two-dimensional cellular automaton
A color version of the Game of Life was written by Ed Hall in 1976 for Cromemco microcomputers, and a display from that program filled the cover of the
Conway's_Game_of_Life
American computer graphics company
systems. This initial system was soon replaced by a similar one running on Cromemco computers using a modified version of their Dazzler color-graphics card
ColorGraphics_Weather_Systems
Defunct American technology company
from a high of $50 million. Cromemco survived as a subsidiary of Dynatech, who allowed Cromemco to retain their name. Cromemco's owners opted to rename themselves
Dynatech
Capacitor used to prevent energy transfer between two circuits
capacitors. 1980s Cromemco XXU, a Motorola 68020 processor S-100 bus card. The axial parts between the ICs are decoupling capacitors. 1970s Cromemco 16KZ, a 16KB
Decoupling_capacitor
Floppy disk controller
FD1771 on a Cromemco 4FDC S-100 board. FD1771 is directly below the word Cromemco at the top of the board.
Western_Digital_FD1771
American computer software entrepreneur
Moving on to Cromemco, he landed a job as a programmer working for Harry Garland and Roger Melen. He asked permission to leave Cromemco to start his own
Roger_Sippl
Computer processor contained on an integrated-circuit chip
market, and many small companies (e.g., Altos, Charles River Data Systems, Cromemco) produced desktop-size systems. The MC68030 was introduced next, improving
Microprocessor
Input device for a video game controller
the table. Shortly after the introduction of the first microcomputers, Cromemco introduced a S-100 bus card containing an analog-to-digital converter,
Analog_stick
Type of lens mount
D-Mount Camera Lens used on the Cromemco Cyclops digital camera
D_mount
American electrical engineer
Tompsett et al.; and the commercial product and hobbyist camera called the Cromemco Cyclops, a handheld digital camera that produced digital images which could
Steven_Sasson
Self-correcting computer data storage
In 1982 this 512 KB memory board from Cromemco used 22 bits of storage per 16-bit word to perform single-bit error correction.
ECC_memory
American writer and scientist (1933–2017)
computers. He introduced to readers "my friend Ezekiel, who happens to be a Cromemco Z-2 with iCom 8-inch soft-sectored floppy disk drives"; he also owned a
Jerry_Pournelle
Small computer with a CPU made out of a microprocessor
for use in small business applications. By 1979, many companies such as Cromemco, Processor Technology, IMSAI, North Star Computers, Southwest Technical
Microcomputer
Topics referred to by the same term
the Natural History, Archaeology, Geology and Water surveys of Illinois Cromemco PRI printer interface card Primary Rate Interface, telecommunication standard
PRI
Dialect of the BASIC programming language
completing BASIC. At the time they were finishing Cromemco 16K Structured BASIC for the Z80-based Cromemco S-100 bus machines. Developers Kathleen O'Brien
Atari_BASIC
Topics referred to by the same term
XDOS may refer to: Cromemco XDOS, a diagnostic and bootstrap program for the Cromemco XXU. Pat Villani's XDOS, an early predecessor to NSS-DOS, DOS/NT
XDOS
Application of computer graphics to create or contribute to images
around an Apple II computer, with later models from ColorGraphics using Cromemco computers fitted with their Dazzler video graphics card. It has now become
Computer-generated_imagery
Computer hobbyist users' group in California
Wozniak and Steve Jobs (Apple Computer), Harry Garland and Roger Melen (Cromemco), Thomas "Todd" Fischer (IMSAI Division, Fischer-Freitas Company), George
Homebrew_Computer_Club
Device that converts images into electronic signals
sensors in all new applications. The first commercial digital camera, the Cromemco Cyclops in 1975, used a 32×32 MOS image sensor. It was a modified MOS dynamic
Image_sensor
industry based on the basic layout and internal design. New companies like Cromemco started up to supply add-on kits. Soon after, a number of complete "clone"
History_of_personal_computers
Topics referred to by the same term
Capcom System 2, an arcade system board in the 1990s Cromemco System Two, a computer system by Cromemco from 1978 Channel F System II, game console by Fairchild
System_2
Defunct American computer retail chain
products were sold at Byte since the 1970s: IMSAI 8080 Altair 8800 (MITS) Cromemco Polymorphic 88 (PolyMorphic Systems) Processor Technology SOL-20 BYT-8
Byte_Shop
Topics referred to by the same term
Play, an American educational corporation UGV Interoperability Profile Cromemco IOP, an input/output processor S-100 card Intraocular pressure, the fluid
IOP
Shell command for renaming a file or directory
in many operating systems. The command is available in the CP/M, MP/M, Cromemco DOS, TRIPOS, OS/2, ReactOS, SymbOS, and DexOS. Multics includes a rename
Ren_(command)
computer market. Their first product was Cromemco 16k BASIC, which, as the name implies, was intended to run on Cromemco Z-series Z80-based computers with 16 kB
Shepardson_Microsystems
ratio Actual pixel count Megapixels Camera examples 32 32 1:1 1024 0.001 Cromemco Cyclops (1975) 100 100 1:1 10,000 0.01 Kodak Prototype by Steven Sasson
List of image resolutions used in digital cameras
List_of_image_resolutions_used_in_digital_cameras
Computer museum in Washington, U.S.
tape transport peripheral 1964 No No Cray Cray-1 mainframe 1975 No No Cromemco Z-2D microcomputer 1978 Yes No Data General Nova minicomputer 1969 Yes
Living Computers: Museum + Labs
Living_Computers:_Museum_+_Labs
Translator of computer source code
applied to conditional jumps. The program ran under CP/M-80, MP/M-80 and Cromemco DOS with a minimum of 24 KB of RAM, and had no restrictions on the source
Source-to-source_compiler
Camera that captures photographs or video in digital format
to reduce dark current, allowing exposure times of up to one hour. The Cromemco Cyclops was an all-digital camera introduced as a commercial product in
Digital_camera
Impact printing technology
original on 2016-10-31. Retrieved 2016-10-31. Cromemco 3355A Printer Operator's Guide (PDF). Cromemco, Inc. March 1980. Archived from the original (PDF)
Daisy_wheel_printing
Unknown Unknown GeForce Creative Technology Singapore 1994 Unknown Various Cromemco United States 1975 1987 Sold to Dynatech Corporation Introduced the first
List of graphics chips and card companies
List_of_graphics_chips_and_card_companies
Shell command for listing files and directories
dir The SpartaDOS X DIR command Developers DEC, DR, Intel, Cromemco, MetaComCo, Microsoft, IBM, Datalight, ICD, Inc. Operating system CP/M, MP/M, ISIS-II
Dir_(command)
Topics referred to by the same term
coaster), at Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park, Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin, U.S. Cromemco Cyclops, first commercial all-digital camera using a digital MOS area image
Cyclops_(disambiguation)
Retrieved 2026-05-01. Adds 5.25" floppy disk support for NorthStar 87.5 KB and Cromemco 90 KB 5.25" disks http://www.86dos.org/downloads/86DOS_FILES.ZIP Archived
Comparison of MS-DOS compatible operating systems
Comparison_of_MS-DOS_compatible_operating_systems
American computer scientist
his home in San Mateo, California, from aplastic anemia. Bill Godbout Cromemco Computer Chronicles "Social Security Death Index". Social Security Administration
George_Morrow_(computers)
for a patent in 1972, but it is not known whether it was ever built. The Cromemco Cyclops, introduced as a hobbyist construction project in 1975, was the
History_of_the_camera
American music and art software developer
game character. His work on Superman drew interest from Cromemco. In 1980, Dunn developed Cromemco's SlideMaster software which was considered the first professional
John Dunn (software developer)
John_Dunn_(software_developer)
Type of computer server system
S-100 bus microcomputer systems such as the Altair 8800, IMSAI 8080 and Cromemco under the CP/M operating system. Soon after, BBS software was being written
Bulletin_board_system
Interpreter that enables users to enter and run programs in the BASIC language
September 1978, Shepardson Microsystems was finishing Cromemco 16K Structured BASIC for the Z80-based Cromemco S-100 bus machines. Paul Laughton and Kathleen
BASIC_interpreter
American computer engineer (born 1945)
generation hobbyist microcomputers from Altair, IMSAI, Morrow Designs, Cromemco, and other vendors. Felsenstein's shared-memory alphanumeric video display
Lee_Felsenstein
June – The company Cromemco ships the Dazzler, a graphics display board for S-100 compatible computers. Alongside the hardware, Cromemco offers several programs
1976_in_video_games
Locating a moving object by analyzing frames of a video
Systems Man and Cybernetics – Part B', 40(4). – Interesting historical example (1980) of Cromemco Cyclops Camera used to track a ball going through a maze.
Video_tracking
BASIC programming languages designed for under 4 KB
Company Newsletter. He later adapted the language into 3K Control Basic for Cromemco, adding variable names of the form letter-digit (e.g., A0 to Z9), logic
Tiny_BASIC
rapidly outstripped supply. Several early third-party vendors such as Cromemco and Processor Technology soon began supplying additional S-100 bus hardware
History_of_computing_hardware
Dissolution Cray Computer Corporation — United States 1989 1995 Bankruptcy Cromemco — United States 1974 1987 Acquired by Dynatech Cydrome — United States
List of computer system manufacturers
List_of_computer_system_manufacturers
1970s and delivered the first version of the software on CP/M for the Cromemco Z-2 in 1980. In order to market SYSTAT, Wilkinson and his wife Ruth Van
SYSTAT_(statistics_package)
American judge
form which was the inspiration for the early personal computer company Cromemco. Crothers married Elizabeth Mills in 1911. They were unable to have children
George_E._Crothers
American magazine (1954–1982, 1989–1999, in print)
appeared on the cover of the February 1976 issue. This was the start of Cromemco, a computer company that grew to over 500 employees by 1983. The internet
Popular_Electronics
8080s, but also computers from companies including Apple, North Star, and Cromemco. The 8080 sold poorly in comparison, and IMSAI developed the IMSAI VDP-80
IMS_Associates,_Inc.
1976 letter by Bill Gates to PC hobbyists
Burchenal Green (April 1980). "Saga of a System (Building an Altair 8800/Cromemco TV Dazzler system)". The Best of Creative Computing, Volume 3. Morristown
An_Open_Letter_to_Hobbyists
Photography with a digital camera
Electronics Magazine. It was a picture of his wife, Margaret Tompsett. The Cromemco Cyclops, a digital camera developed as a commercial product and interfaced
Digital_photography
Microcomputer introduced by the Micro Craft Corporation in 1983
TRS-80 range, all of Kaypro's computers, and single-density drives used by Cromemco and Osborne computers. The computer has no prescribed monitor, and purchasers
Dimension_68000
ProDOS 16 for the Apple IIGS Commodore DOS, for Commodore's 8-bit computers Cromemco DOS (CDOS), a CP/M-like operating system CSI-DOS, for the Soviet Elektronika
List of disk operating systems called DOS
List_of_disk_operating_systems_called_DOS
GPLv2 or later Z80pack 1.36 December 21, 2017 Altair 8800, IMSAI 8080, Cromemco Z-1 Cross-platform BSD SIMH 3.9-0 May, 2012 Altair 8800 with various hardware
List of computer system emulators
List_of_computer_system_emulators
Topics referred to by the same term
arcade game hardware platform by Atari Cromemco System One, a microcomputer from the early 1980s by Cromemco IBM Q System One, a 2019 circuit-based commercial
System_One
GramR a new system for translating the weather bulletins on a high-end Cromemco microcomputer. METEO 2 went into operation in 1983. The software then ran
METEO_System
Topics referred to by the same term
computer produced by Acorn Computers from 1980 Cromemco System Three, a home computer produced by Cromemco from 1978 IBM System/3, a low-end business computer
System_3
Topics referred to by the same term
CDOS may refer to: Cromemco DOS (CDOS), an CP/M-like operating system Concurrent DOS (CDOS), a Digital Research operating system based on Concurrent CP/M-86
CDOS
American computer software company
by IBM as well, in 2005. Founders Roger Sippl and Laura King worked at Cromemco, an early S-100/CP/M company, where they developed a small relational database
Informix_Corporation
English-American computer scientist
hand-built a SOL-20 personal computer from Processor Technology, and a Cromemco Z-2 as test platforms.[citation needed] Johnson-Laird's 1979 immigration
Andy_Johnson-Laird
Most home computers of the era displayed 256-320 x 192-240, while the Cromemco Dazzler for S-100 machines produced only 128 x 128. John Walker, "AutoCAD-80
MicroAngelo
was available with CP/M as a factory installed option. Compis Compupro Cromemco C't180 HD64180 ECB-System (CP/M2.2 & 3.x) Cub-Z - Romanian made computer
List of computers running CP/M
List_of_computers_running_CP/M
American engineer (1933–2020)
University, Levy Gerzberg, founder of Zoran Corporation, Roger Melen founder of Cromemco, Jim Plummer, dean of engineering at Stanford University, L. Rafael Reif
James_D._Meindl
Slovene mathematician (1941–2002)
United States and he became the manager of programming equipment at the Cromemco company. In 1994 he returned to Ljubljana, and became associate professor
Egon_Zakrajšek
American computer hardware manufacturer
acquisition of Parallax Graphics for an undisclosed sum. Dynatech had purchased Cromemco the year before. Parallax remained an independent subsidiary of Dynatech
Parallax_Graphics
Topics referred to by the same term
operating system by Data General since 1972 Cromemco RDOS, the resident operating system on some Cromemco S-100 cards RDOS (Microsoft), a name sometimes
RDOS
Events in the history of 16-bit x86 DOS-family disk operating systems
Paterson, with his working two-card prototype boardset installed in a Cromemco Z-2 box, drives to Microsoft to try it with Microsoft's Standalone Disk
Timeline of DOS operating systems
Timeline_of_DOS_operating_systems
"MiniTerm" associates. Perhaps the most famous one (at the time) was the Cromemco Dazzler. However all S100 based systems fall outside the scope of this
List of home computers by video hardware
List_of_home_computers_by_video_hardware
simulated the robot as a cursor on the VDM-1 display, or graphically on a Cromemco Dazzler display. This is similar to the turtle graphics added to the Logo
WSFN_(programming_language)
1976 video game
system requirements, needing only a VDM-1, while Spacewar! required a Cromemco Dazzler with two joysticks and an I/O card to run them. On the other hand
Trek-80
Personal computer company, founded 1975
characters on a black and white TV. Kit price was $160, assembled $225. The Cromemco TV Dazzler first appeared in the April 1976 issue of Byte Archive of Sol-20
Processor_Technology
also provided to original equipment manufacturers for rebranding. The Cromemco 3101 terminal is a rebranded B-100. Deseret News, Oct 5, 1984 Deseret News
Beehive_Medical_Electronics
American program founded in 1970
program: John Dunn, a former student at SAIC, invented EASEL software for a Cromemco Z2D DOS computer. This was later followed by Lumena software in a Time
Generative Systems: Art, Science and Technology
Generative_Systems:_Art,_Science_and_Technology
Impact of 1981 American microcomputer model
were: Acorn Computers Apple Computer Atari Inc. Commodore International Cromemco Digital Equipment Corporation Durango Systems Inc. Hewlett-Packard InterSystems
Influence of the IBM PC on the personal computer market
Influence_of_the_IBM_PC_on_the_personal_computer_market
American computer company
company, Edelman said in 1989: "It's sad. Recently the last S-100 company, Cromemco, took down the sign in front of its building. It's the passing of an era
Ithaca_InterSystems
characters could be mixed with the normal character set on a single screen. The Cromemco Dazzler is a contemporary example. 230 or 240 lines on the VT105. The VT55
Waveform_graphics
University student accommodation
Memorial in 1955 for engineering students (the latter provided the name for Cromemco, an early Silicon Valley company). They were designed by Eldridge Spencer
Stanford University student housing
Stanford_University_student_housing
Real-time operating system
Comparison of real-time operating systems Timeline of operating systems Cromemco Cromix Sjöström, Roland (1996). "1981 Introduktionen av ABC 800". Positionering
DNIX
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