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WWII German-held area in France
The Colmar Pocket (French: Poche de Colmar; German: Brückenkopf Elsass) was the area held in central Alsace, France, by the German Nineteenth Army from
Colmar_Pocket
City in Alsace, France
Colmar (French pronunciation: [kɔlmaʁ]; Alsatian: Colmer [ˈkolməʁ]; German: Colmar or Kolmar) is a city and commune in the Haut-Rhin department and Alsace
Colmar
battle fought by the United States in World War II. The Colmar Pocket (French: Poche de Colmar; German: Brückenkopf Elsaß) was the area held in central
Military history of the United States during World War II
Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II
was awarded the Medal of Honor for his January 1945 actions at the Colmar Pocket in France, he was considered to be America's most decorated World War
Military career of Audie Murphy
Military_career_of_Audie_Murphy
Operation Nordwind was launched by German ground forces on 31 December 1944 against U.S. and French ground forces in the Rhineland-Palatinate and the Alsace
Operation Nordwind order of battle
Operation_Nordwind_order_of_battle
American soldier and actor (1925–1971)
single-handedly holding off a company of German soldiers for an hour at the Colmar Pocket in France in January 1945, before leading a successful counterattack
Audie_Murphy
Military unit
(DNII) and the 30th Field Artillery Group in Alsace, France during the Colmar Pocket. The 969th had fired 912 rounds on the first day of the attack. On 25
969th Field Artillery Battalion (United States)
969th_Field_Artillery_Battalion_(United_States)
Engagement of the Battle of Normandy in the Second World War
were used to clear the area of dead animals. Battle of the Mons Pocket Colmar Pocket Liberation of France Operation Market Garden Siegfried Line campaign
Falaise_pocket
German military offensive
Group G and Army Group Oberrhein were fighting, including units in the Colmar Pocket in Operation Solstice, and the 6th SS Mountain, 17th SS Panzergrenadier
Operation_Northwind_(1944)
French general (1889–1952)
US XXI Corps was assigned to his First Army during the battle of the Colmar Pocket. He was also the French representative at the signing of the German
Jean_de_Lattre_de_Tassigny
Part of the U.S. Army, active intermittently between 1943 and 2010
1945 it repelled a fierce but brief enemy counter-offensive in the Colmar Pocket south of Strasbourg during the German Operation Nordwind, then completed
Seventh_United_States_Army
Military branch of the SS (1933–1945)
By 15 January, at least 17 German divisions (including units in the Colmar Pocket) were engaged, including the XIII SS Army Corps (the 17th and 38th SS
Waffen-SS
1945 battle of World War II
Hürtgen Forest Aachen Queen Scheldt Bulge Nordwind 2nd Alps Colmar Pocket Atlantic Pockets Germany Blackcock Veritable Grenade Blockbuster Lumberjack Remagen
Battle_of_Castle_Itter
Formation of the French Army (1943–1999)
Gap and liberated Strasbourg. After taking part in the Battle of the Colmar Pocket, the division was moved west and assaulted the German-held Atlantic
2nd_Armored_Division_(France)
German army group that attempted to defend Alsace during WW2
Offendorf north of Strasbourg. South of Strasbourg, German troops in the Colmar Pocket attacked north toward Strasbourg on 7 January, inflicting painful losses
Army_Group_Upper_Rhine
Military unit
Sixth Army Group. Its operations concentrated on the reduction of the Colmar Pocket on the east side of the Rhine River. After the success of Operation
First Tactical Air Force (Provisional)
First_Tactical_Air_Force_(Provisional)
Military unit
141st Infantry, the regiment was part of the bottleneck that formed the Colmar Pocket. This resulted in the destruction of the German 19th Army. The 143d
143rd Infantry Regiment (United States)
143rd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)
Inactive French Army formation
presence in Alsace to a roughly circular pocket around the town of Colmar on the Alsatian Plain. This Colmar Pocket contained the German 19. Armee. As the
1st_Army_Corps_(France)
US Army National Guard formation
November 1944 a German "pocket" of resistance formed in the French Alsace region centered in the city of Colmar. The Colmar Pocket consisted of a strength
28th Infantry Division (United States)
28th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)
United States Army Medal of Honor recipient
Infantry Regiment, 3rd Infantry Division, he fought in the Battle of the Colmar Pocket in January 1945. On January 25, near Bennwihr station, France (then
Jose_F._Valdez
Action in European theatre of WWII
restored the front line to the area of the German border and collapsed the Colmar Pocket. The pincer movement of the Canadian First Army, advancing from the
Siegfried_Line_campaign
US Army general (1887–1979)
counterattack in Operation Northwind, the operations to reduce the Colmar Pocket and the Western Allied invasion of Germany. After the war, he commanded
Jacob_L._Devers
Theatre of war in Europe
to hold a large bridgehead (the Colmar Pocket), on the western bank of the Rhine and centered around the city of Colmar. On 16 November the Allies started
Western_Front_(World_War_II)
Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany. Zorn was killed on 4 February 1945 in the Colmar Pocket. He was posthumously promoted to Generalmajor and awarded the Oak Leaves
Eduard_Zorn
Military unit
Operation Nordwind and subsequent pitched engagements closing off the Colmar Pocket. The 63rd Infantry Division was the first Seventh Army unit to cross
Sixth United States Army Group
Sixth_United_States_Army_Group
German attempt to deny French ports to Allied forces
In World War II, the Atlantic pockets were locations along the coasts of the Netherlands, Belgium and France chosen as strongholds by the occupying German
Atlantic_pockets
Battle fought during the second World War
the northwest towards Neuf-Brisach. The French entered Colmar on 2 February 1945; the Colmar Pocket was cleared on February 9. The last part of Alsace, from
Battle_of_Alsace
Military unit
the assistance of the U.S. XXI Corps, the First Army collapsed the Colmar Pocket and cleared the west bank of the Rhine River of Germans in the area
1st_Army_(France)
Military unit
November, and saw heavy fighting early in 1945 during the clearing of the Colmar Pocket. It crossed the Rhine on 26 March, where its DD tanks were used as part
756th Tank Battalion (United States)
756th_Tank_Battalion_(United_States)
United States Army decorated soldier (1925-2003)
recovered in a field hospital before rejoining his unit. During the Colmar Pocket campaign in January and February 1945, Larimore served as a company
Philip_B._Larimore
WWII allied advance into Germany
Hürtgen Forest Aachen Queen Scheldt Bulge Nordwind 2nd Alps Colmar Pocket Atlantic Pockets Germany Blackcock Veritable Grenade Blockbuster Lumberjack Remagen
Battle_of_Cologne_(1945)
Commune in Grand Est, France
Vauban Communes of the Haut-Rhin department Fortress of St. Elizabeth Colmar Pocket "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr
Neuf-Brisach
Former US military base near Mineral Wells, TX
holding off an entire company of German soldiers for an hour at the Colmar Pocket in France in January 1945, then leading a successful counterattack while
Fort_Wolters
German general (1906–2000)
Alsace, where Harmel was ordered to establish a bridgehead to join the Colmar Pocket. After the failure of the December 1944/January 1945 offensive in Alsace
Heinz_Harmel
US Army National Guard formation
counterattacked, 13 December 1944, but the 36th held the perimeter of the Colmar Pocket. Two days later, the division was released from attachment to the French
36th Infantry Division (United States)
36th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)
Military unit
The majority of the division was crushed by the Western Allies in the Colmar Pocket in March 1945; a token leftover force escaped across the Rhine into
198th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
198th_Infantry_Division_(Wehrmacht)
1942 WWII raid in Pas-de-Calais, France
Hürtgen Forest Aachen Queen Scheldt Bulge Nordwind 2nd Alps Colmar Pocket Atlantic Pockets Germany Blackcock Veritable Grenade Blockbuster Lumberjack Remagen
Operation_Abercrombie
Military unit
German resistance. After hard fighting in the Vosges Mountains and the Colmar Pocket, the 3rd Group was repatriated to Morocco in April 1945. It was replaced
Moroccan_Goumier
1940 battle between the Allies and Germany in France
Generaloberst Günther von Kluge suggested that the German forces around the Dunkirk pocket should cease their advance on the port and consolidate to avoid an Allied
Battle_of_Dunkirk
World War II Army veteran recognized for his combat actions in the Colmar Pocket battles of January–February 1945 as a member of D Company, 254th Infantry
List of foreign recipients of the Légion d'Honneur by decade
List_of_foreign_recipients_of_the_Légion_d'Honneur_by_decade
WWII-era Moroccan soldier displayed in the Memorial Museum of the Battles of the “Colmar Pocket” (Musée Mémorial des Combats de la “Poche de Colmar”)
Morocco_in_World_War_II
Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, page 188. Tucker 2014, p. 213 "The Colmar Pocket – "The Forgotten Campaign"". standwheretheyfoughts jimdo page!. Smith
List of battles with most United States military fatalities
List_of_battles_with_most_United_States_military_fatalities
Military unit
Group G temporarily lost responsibility for the German troops in the Colmar Pocket and on the Rhine River south of the Bienwald to the short-lived Army
Army_Group_G
Military unit
was again encircled and largely destroyed during the battle for the Colmar Pocket in January and February 1945. Once again its headquarters survived capture
19th_Army_(Wehrmacht)
Germans, as part of the plan to retake Strasbourg, break out of the "Colmar Pocket", a bridgehead on the Rhine, and head east. 8: The battle of Strasbourg
Timeline of World War II (1945)
Timeline_of_World_War_II_(1945)
End of Nazi occupation during World War II
to hold a large bridgehead (the Colmar Pocket), on the western bank of the Rhine and centered around the city of Colmar. On 16 November the Allies started
Liberation_of_France
Interim government of France (1944–1946)
offensive on the western front in January 1945, and in collapsing the Colmar Pocket in January–February 1945, capturing and destroying most of the German
Provisional Government of the French Republic
Provisional_Government_of_the_French_Republic
1944 Allied invasion of Southern France
sea. Simultaneously in northern France, the encirclement of the Falaise pocket threatened the loss of large numbers of German forces. Given the precarious
Operation_Dragoon
French Army general (1898-1979)
the Rhine," and, at the beginning of 1945, in the reduction of the Colmar Pocket. As director of artillery and second in command of the École de guerre
André_Zeller
Evacuation of Allied forces in mid-1940
England. On 25 and 26 May, the Luftwaffe focused their attention on Allied pockets holding out at Calais, Lille, and Amiens, and did not attack Dunkirk. Calais
Dunkirk_evacuation
Military unit
Fighter Wing. By the time "Operation Cheerful," the plan to eliminate the Colmar Pocket, commenced in late January 1945, Gen. Royce had stepped down from his
64th_Fighter_Wing
Formation of the United States Army (1942–1945)
junction with French forces at Rouffach, on 5 February, sealing the Colmar Pocket and ending German resistance in the Vosges Mountains. Except for elements
12th Armored Division (United States)
12th_Armored_Division_(United_States)
1944 World War II military operation
following the Allied breakout from Normandy and the closure of the Falaise Pocket, the allied armies pursued the retreating German army, expelling it from
Operation_Market_Garden
Political and military leaders of the Allied nations during World War II
his American and French forces, Devers cleared Alsace, reduced the Colmar Pocket, crossed the Rhine River and accepted the surrender of German forces
Allied leaders of World War II
Allied_leaders_of_World_War_II
World War II battle, 1944–1945
their units, and others may have come from American units operating in the Colmar area but still supported by Seventh Army medical services." For Allied forces
Battle_of_the_Bulge
1940 plan for German invasion of Britain
Hürtgen Forest Aachen Queen Scheldt Bulge Nordwind 2nd Alps Colmar Pocket Atlantic Pockets Germany Blackcock Veritable Grenade Blockbuster Lumberjack Remagen
Operation_Sea_Lion
Series of battles during World War II
under the stress of the Normandy breakout and the reduction of the Falaise pocket. Trigg describes the battle as one of the "most ill-conceived and unnecessary
Battle_of_Hürtgen_Forest
1940–1944 French government-in-exile
offensive on the western front in January 1945, and in collapsing the Colmar Pocket in January–February 1945, capturing and destroying most of the German
Free_France
Initial period of low activity in World War II
Collapse of the Third Republic: An Inquiry into the Fall of France in 1940. Pocket Books. p. 511. ISBN 0671785095. Shirer 1971, p. 512. The Oxford Companion
Phoney_War
Strasbourg. The attack was to be launched from the northernmost point of the Colmar Pocket by a German infantry division reinforced with an Panzer brigade. In
Operation_Solstice_(Alsace)
1944 attainment of Belgium's sovereignty
Hürtgen Forest Aachen Queen Scheldt Bulge Nordwind 2nd Alps Colmar Pocket Atlantic Pockets Germany Blackcock Veritable Grenade Blockbuster Lumberjack Remagen
Liberation_of_Belgium
Pursuit across the Rhône, Vosges Mountains, Alsace (including the Colmar Pocket) and the Alpine Front. Final command post vicinity Col de Tende in the
List of French divisions in World War II
List_of_French_divisions_in_World_War_II
Military unit
Thur on the 7th of December. It participated in the elimination of the Colmar Pocket, and crossed the Rhine on March 31, 1945. It entered Karlsruhe on April
2nd Moroccan Infantry Division
2nd_Moroccan_Infantry_Division
Freeing of Strasbourg, France from German occupation during World War II
Alsace (Operation Nordwind). Other German forces attacked north from the Colmar Pocket toward Strasbourg (Operation Solstice). The attacks were contained,
Liberation_of_Strasbourg
Military unit
French Croix de Guerre with Palm decorations for the battle at the Colmar Pocket. The town in the Alsace region along the Rhine River was the final foothold
41st_Field_Artillery_Regiment
1944 battle in Belgium during World War II
Bulge Battle of Elsenborn Ridge Siege of Bastogne Operation Nordwind Colmar Pocket European Theatre of World War II Samuel W. Mitcham: Panzers in Winter:
Battle_of_St._Vith
United States Army general (1894–1975)
O'Daniel led the 3rd Division up the Rhône Valley to Strasbourg, in the Colmar Pocket where it decimated German forces in January 1945 and when it smashed
John_W._O'Daniel
Plan for Nazi German military operation
started. Five assault divisions of VII Korps crossed the Rhine into the Colmar area with a view to advancing to the Vosges mountains. It had 400 artillery
Fall_Rot
United States Army general (1894–1970)
provided the armored contingent in the closure of the Colmar Pocket and the liberation of Colmar; it spearheaded General George Patton's drive to the Rhine;
Roderick_R._Allen
Component of World War 2
The siege of Lille or Lille pocket (28–31 May 1940) took place during the Battle of France in the Second World War. The siege of the French IV Corps and
Siege_of_Lille_(1940)
Military unit
Unit Citation for Besançon, France Presidential Unit Citation for the Colmar Pocket Presidential Unit Citation for Iraq 2003 Superior Unit Award for 1996
30th Infantry Regiment (United States)
30th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)
American general (1892–1962)
Patch. Milburn's XXI Corps played a decisive role in collapsing the Colmar Pocket in February 1945. In his The History of the French First Army, General
Frank_W._Milburn
1944/45 campaign on the French/Italian border
The French employed the next day in obtaining the surrender of isolated pockets of resistance but their artillery unit had to be withdrawn which led to
Second_Battle_of_the_Alps
Infantry Regiment for action 27–29 August 1944. Second award with the 3rd Infantry Division for action at the Colmar Pocket, 22 January – 6 February 1945.
Audie Murphy honors and awards
Audie_Murphy_honors_and_awards
Battle on the Western Front of World War II
had been badly mauled the previous month after the Battle of the Falaise Pocket and Gerhard Müller’s 9th Panzer Division. They held the neglected Scharnhorst
Battle_of_Aachen
Battle during WW2
Dutch regrouped and then launched effective counter-attacks. Isolated pockets of German troops, led by Hans von Sponeck, retreated to the nearby dunes
Battle_of_the_Hague_(1940)
1940 German attempt to capture Rotterdam
army engineers company. The Dutch took positions around the small German pocket north of the bridges and started deploying machine guns at numerous strategic
Battle_of_Rotterdam
Active US Army formation
After maintaining defensive positions it took part in clearing the Colmar Pocket on 23 January, and on 15 March struck against Siegfried Line positions
3rd Infantry Division (United States)
3rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)
French military operation during World War II
Collapse of the Third Republic: An Inquiry into the Fall of France in 1940. Pocket Books. p. 514. ISBN 0671785095. Shirer 1971, p. 512. Shirer 1971, p. 514
Saar_Offensive
Award
not in Texas Military unit at time of citation. United States Army Colmar Pocket 2015 Chris Kyle Served four tours of duty; survived six IEDs and two
Texas Legislative Medal of Honor
Texas_Legislative_Medal_of_Honor
Military battle during World War II on 19 August 1944
Mountains from 15 August to 14 September. Fighting went on in Alsace (Colmar Pocket) and Lorraine (Operation Northwind) in eastern France during the last
Liberation_of_Paris
Italian engagement of World War II
Hürtgen Forest Aachen Queen Scheldt Bulge Nordwind 2nd Alps Colmar Pocket Atlantic Pockets Germany Blackcock Veritable Grenade Blockbuster Lumberjack Remagen
Italian_invasion_of_France
Military unit
Alsatian village of Jebsheim while sustaining 700 injured and dead. During Colmar Pocket, the regiment fought alongside the Commandant Boulanger's III battalion
1st Parachute Chasseur Regiment
1st_Parachute_Chasseur_Regiment
1940 battle of the Second World War
armoured vehicles. De Gaulle ordered infantry to neutralise German defence pockets in Chivres and D2 tanks to secure Clermont-les-Fermes. Around 4:00 p.m
Battle_of_Montcornet
French general (1909–1986)
Dien Bien Phu. Paris: Éditions France-Empire, 1963. 261 pp. Paris: Presses Pocket, 1969. 253 pp. Fall, Bernard (1967). Hell in a Very Small Place. Da Capo
Pierre_Langlais
French military officer (1879–1949)
Strasbourg Colmar Pocket Bitche [fr] Battle of the Vosges [fr] Battle of Bruyères [fr] Apr 1945 Atlantic pockets: Royan May 1945 Atlantic pockets: Dunkirk
Henri_Giraud
Gap, and liberated Strasbourg. After taking part in the Battle of the Colmar Pocket, the division was moved west and assaulted the German-held Atlantic
Tanks_of_France
Speech by Charles de Gaulle in 1944
Strasbourg Colmar Pocket Bitche [fr] Battle of the Vosges [fr] Battle of Bruyères [fr] Apr 1945 Atlantic pockets: Royan May 1945 Atlantic pockets: Dunkirk
First_Bayeux_speech
American author and military historian
Carlisle, PA | September 2024. Society of the 3rd Infantry Division, Colmar Pocket Conference, French Embassy, Washington, DC | February 2023. Harrisburg
Walter_S._Zapotoczny_Jr.
Military unit
command of the French First Army in clearing German troops from the Colmar Pocket during the Nazi Operation Nordwind offensive; ferrying assault troops
289th Engineer Combat Battalion (United States)
289th_Engineer_Combat_Battalion_(United_States)
Most decorated WWII Puerto Rican and Hispanic soldier in the US
the vicinity of Colmar, France and engaged in combat against a squad of German soldiers in what is known as the Battle of Colmar Pocket. Calero attacked
Agustín_Ramos_Calero
French defense fortifications
The Fortified Sector of Colmar (Secteur Fortifié de Colmar) was the French military organization that in 1940 controlled the section of the French frontier
Fortified_Sector_of_Colmar
Reunified French Armed Forces during WWII
23rd, and 25th infantry divisions were deployed against various Atlantic pockets, with the 3rd Armored in formation towards the south-east. The 36th reified
French_Liberation_Army
2014 American film
only survivor of a group of four African-American soldiers; in the Colmar Pocket, they were caught drinking and sent on a suicide mission as punishment
Saints_and_Soldiers:_The_Void
Military unit
following January. The division was destroyed the following month in the "Colmar Pocket". Colonel/Major General Walter Drobenig (May 1941 – March 1942) Lieutenant
708th_Volksgrenadier_Division
Proposed German plan to invade Iceland
Hürtgen Forest Aachen Queen Scheldt Bulge Nordwind 2nd Alps Colmar Pocket Atlantic Pockets Germany Blackcock Veritable Grenade Blockbuster Lumberjack Remagen
Operation_Ikarus
Aspect of French history
Est American 1945-02-02 Colmar 68 Grand Est French and American Colmar Pocket 1945-02-04 Turckheim 68 Grand Est Colmar Pocket 1945-03-14 Forbach 57 Grand
Timeline of the liberation of France
Timeline_of_the_liberation_of_France
Military unit
and took part in bitter winter combat that ultimately collapsed the Colmar Pocket. After a period of rest, the corps returned to the front on 28 February
XXI_Corps_(United_States)
1940 WWII air battle
Hürtgen Forest Aachen Queen Scheldt Bulge Nordwind 2nd Alps Colmar Pocket Atlantic Pockets Germany Blackcock Veritable Grenade Blockbuster Lumberjack Remagen
Battle_of_Britain
with the assistance of the US XXI Corps, the First Army collapsed the Colmar Pocket and cleared the west bank of the Rhine River of Germans in the area
Military history of France during World War II
Military_history_of_France_during_World_War_II
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