Search references for CHAPPES. Phrases containing CHAPPES
See searches and references containing CHAPPES!CHAPPES
Topics referred to by the same term
department of Ardennes Chappes, Aube, a commune in the department of Aube Chappes, Puy-de-Dôme, a commune in the department of Puy-de-Dôme Chappe (disambiguation)
Chappes
Early optical telegraph system
The Chappe telegraph was a French semaphore telegraph system invented by Claude Chappe in the early 1790s. The system was composed of towers placed every
Chappe_telegraph
Tower-based signaling network
later that Chappe realised that he could dispense with the clocks and the synchronisation system itself could be used to pass messages. The Chappes carried
Optical_telegraph
Topics referred to by the same term
Balutin Chap (disambiguation) Chappes (disambiguation) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Chappe. If an internal link incorrectly
Chappe
Late 18th-century French inventor
Claude Chappe (French: [klod ʃap]; 25 December 1763 – 23 January 1805) was a French inventor who in 1792 demonstrated a practical semaphore system that
Claude_Chappe
Commune in Grand Est, France
Chappes (French pronunciation: [ʃap] ) is a commune in the Ardennes department in northern France. ‹ The template Historical populations is being considered
Chappes,_Ardennes
Commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
Chappes (French pronunciation: [ʃap] ; Occitan: Chapas) is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France. It is in
Chappes,_Puy-de-Dôme
French Catholic bishop
Pierre de Chappes (died 24 March 1336) was a 14th-century Bishop of Arras, Cardinal and Chancellor of France. De Chappes was born in Villemeux-sur-Eure
Pierre_de_Chappes
Commune in Grand Est, France
Chappes (French pronunciation: [ʃap] ) is a rural commune in the Aube department in north-central France. It is on the Seine river upstream of Troyes
Chappes,_Aube
Commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
Chappes (French pronunciation: [ʃap] ; Occitan: Chapas) is a commune in the Allier department in central France. ‹ The template Historical populations
Chappes,_Allier
French coachbuilding company
Chappe et Gessalin is the short-form of the name of French coachbuilder "Carrosserie Chappe Frères et Gessalin". The company built automobile bodies and
Chappe_et_Gessalin
French film director (1912–1982)
Festival and the 1960 Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film. Camus was born in Chappes, in the Ardennes département of France. He studied art and intended to
Marcel_Camus
and first Duke of Aumont. He was Marquis of Villequier, Isle, Nolay and Chappes, as well as Baron of Estrabonnes, before being created Duke of Aumont and
House_of_Aumont
Long distance transmission of text
telegraph put into widespread use was the Chappe telegraph, an optical telegraph invented by Claude Chappe in the late 18th century. The system was used
Telegraphy
Topics referred to by the same term
proteins Bath chaps, a meat dish made of pig cheek Chap (disambiguation) Chappes (disambiguation) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
Chaps_(disambiguation)
American screenwriter
David Chappe (November 8, 1947, in Brooklyn – May 13, 2002, in Los Angeles) was best known as the screenwriter who launched the bidding wars of the late
David_Chappe
Cuban-Spanish fencer (1968–2020)
Taymi Chappé Valladares (11 September 1968 – 3 November 2020) was a Cuban-Spanish fencer. She competed in the women's individual épée event at the 1996
Taymi_Chappé
Type of electrical telegraph
display using the same code as that on the optical telegraph of Claude Chappe. The Chappe telegraph was extensively used in France by the government, so this
Foy–Breguet_telegraph
1999 American film
The film was directed by Graham Baker and written by Mark Leahy and David Chappe. Unlike most film adaptations of the poem, this version is a science-fiction/fantasy
Beowulf_(1999_film)
Global system of connected computer networks
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Internet
of Girard (Gerard) of Buanalbergo. Raymond Pilet d’Alès Walker, Lord of Chappes Everard III of Puiset, Viscount of Chartres Ralph of La Fontanelle, a vassal
Army of Hugh the Great on the First Crusade
Army_of_Hugh_the_Great_on_the_First_Crusade
History museum in Uusimaa, Finland
Helene Schjerfbeck. A museum for contemporary art, Chappe, was completed by Raseborg Museum in 2023. Chappe was founded and built with the support of Albert
Raseborg_Museum
French cyclist (born 1944)
Georges Chappe (born 5 March 1944) is a retired cyclist from France, who was nicknamed Jojo during his professional career. He was a professional from
Georges_Chappe
French astronomer
Jean-Baptiste Chappe d'Auteroche (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist ʃap dotʁɔʃ]; 23 March 1722 – 1 August 1769) was a French astronomer, best known for
Jean-Baptiste Chappe d'Auteroche
Jean-Baptiste_Chappe_d'Auteroche
Mechanical apparatus used to send messages
1960s and were used by the Pakistani army as late as 1975. In 1792 Claude Chappe, a clergyman from France, invented a terrestrial semaphore telegraph, which
Semaphore
Co-Founder and Grand Master of the Knights Templar
of the Count's court. By the year 1113, he was married to Elisabeth de Chappes, who bore him at least one child, Thibaud, later abbot of the Abbaye de
Hugues_de_Payens
Serbian-American engineer and inventor (1856–1943)
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Nikola_Tesla
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
History_of_the_Internet
Protective fitting at the tip of a scabbard
be called the chape. The scabbard chape is not to be confused with the chappe, a French term - rain-guard in English - on the sword itself, a fitting
Chape
One of the character encodings used to transmit information by telegraphy
the French Revolution. The code used in France was the Chappe code, named after Claude Chappe the inventor. The British Admiralty also used the semaphore
Telegraph_code
Inventor of the telephone (1847–1922)
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Alexander_Graham_Bell
Crater on the Moon
Chamberlin Champollion Chandler Chang Heng Chang-Ngo Chant Chaplygin Chapman Chappe Chappell Charles Charlier Chaucer Chauvenet Chawla Chebyshev Chernyshev
Carroll_(crater)
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
List of telephone country codes
List_of_telephone_country_codes
Premium rate telephone prefix in North America
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Area_code_900
Transmission of language with brief pulses
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Morse_code
Topics referred to by the same term
several lords of Chappes: Clarembaud I de Chappes [fr] (fl. c. 1040–1090) Clarembaud II de Chappes [fr] (r. 1111–1134) Clarembaud III de Chappes [fr] (r. 1134–1140)
Clarembald
Using maritime flags as a naval signal
taken up at the time, but it was noticed by Ignace Chappe, the brother of Claude Chappe. The Chappes developed an optical land telegraph which used a numerical
Maritime_flag_signalling
New Zealand wood carver, farmer (1873–1958)
Thomas Aubrey Chappé Hall (16 June 1873 – 21 May 1958) was a New Zealand wood carver and farmer. He was born in Ruddington, Nottinghamshire, England on
Thomas_Aubrey_Chappé_Hall
Telephone prefix in the international telephone numbering plan
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Telephone_country_code
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
List of international call prefixes
List_of_international_call_prefixes
Linked hypertext system on the Internet
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
World_Wide_Web
Emergency telephone number
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
119 (emergency telephone number)
119_(emergency_telephone_number)
Former municipality in Uusimaa, Finland
November 2020). "Christmas in Raseborg". "Chappe - An artful adventure in the scapes of mind and land". Chappe. Raseborg City Hall in Ekenäs Charles Bassi
Ekenäs,_Finland
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
List of United States radio networks
List_of_United_States_radio_networks
Country calling code for multinational services in Europe
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
European Telephony Numbering Space
European_Telephony_Numbering_Space
Series of poker tournaments
leading the field. The final table was reached on the third day with Karl Chappe-Gatien starting as the chip leader. After his elimination in third place
Triton_Poker_Series
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Timeline_of_the_telephone
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
List of North American Numbering Plan area codes
List_of_North_American_Numbering_Plan_area_codes
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Intensity_modulation
"Pay-as-you-go" mobile phone service
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Prepaid_mobile_phone
Fitting on the crossguard of a sword
A rain-guard or chappe is a piece of leather or metal fitted to the crossguard of European swords of the later medieval period. The purpose of the rain-guard
Rain-guard
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
List of Asian television stations
List_of_Asian_television_stations
Communication flowing simultaneously in both directions
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Duplex_(telecommunications)
Telecommunications device
in 1796. Huth proposed an alternative to the optical telegraph of Claude Chappe in which the operators in the signaling towers would shout to each other
Telephone
name, but a nickname adopted by later historians. It probably derived from chappe, an ecclesiastical mantle wore at the Abbey of Saint Martin of Tours. Hugh
List_of_French_monarchs
African intergovernmental organization
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
African Telecommunications Union
African_Telecommunications_Union
Olympic Games: finished 11th among 16 teams Ruperto Herrera Tabio, Pedro Chappe Garcia, Franklin Standard, Rafael Cañizares, Conrado Pérez, Pablo García
Cuba men's national basketball team
Cuba_men's_national_basketball_team
Small radios carried to facilitate rescue in an emergency
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Survival_radio
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
List of radio stations in Jamaica
List_of_radio_stations_in_Jamaica
Skyscraper in Johannesburg, South Africa
That Came to Symbolize the Apocalypse". The Atlantic. "Locations used in Chappe (2015) film". IMDB. Retrieved 13 March 2025. Bloom, Philip (12 October 2012)
Ponte_City
Use of light to convey information
different from the Chappe system. For example, Britain and Sweden adopted systems of shuttered panels (in contradiction to the Chappe brothers' contention
Optical_communication
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Managed facilities-based voice network
Managed_facilities-based_voice_network
1648 battle of the Thirty Years' War
(German) Squadron Harcourt Squadron Beaujeu Squadron 2nd 1st Chappes Squadron 2nd Chappes Squadron Ravenel Squadron Coudray Squadron Salbrick Squadron
Battle_of_Lens
Heraldic cross
Rimbachzell in Alsace; Saint-Jean-de-Bassel in Lorraine; Rontalon in Aquitaine; Chappes in Auvergne; Arvieu in Aveyron; and Auton and Vinon-sur-Verdon in Provence
Maltese_cross
Name list
British soldier and polo player Claude Champy, French ceramicist Claude Chappe (1763–1805), French inventor Claude Chappuys (1500–1575), French poet Claude
Claude_(given_name)
Prince of Achaea
John of Villehardouin. He married one Elisabeth, who may be Elisabeth of Chappes, a scion of a fellow crusader family, an identification rejected by Longnon
Geoffrey_I_of_Villehardouin
State-owned long-distance data transmission company
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
China Telecommunications Corporation
China_Telecommunications_Corporation
Electronic device that emits radio waves
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Transmitter
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
PSTN_network_topology
City in southern France
Jean-Pierre Ricard (born 1944), cardinal, archbishop of Bordeaux Georges Chappe (born 1944), cyclist Jean-Claude Izzo (1945–2000), author Denis Ranque (born
Marseille
Ethnolinguistic group indigenous to Siberia, Russia
Gottlieb Georgi Habit of a Samoyed woman and child in 1768, by Jean-Baptiste Chappe d'Auteroche Samoyed winter dress (before 1906) A reindeer herd in Kolguyev
Samoyedic_peoples
Emmakratcha April 5, 2000 Socorro LINEAR slow 6.0 km MPC · JPL 16238 Chappe 2000 GY104 Chappe April 7, 2000 Socorro LINEAR · 4.1 km MPC · JPL 16239 Dower 2000
List of minor planets: 16001–17000
List_of_minor_planets:_16001–17000
International radio broadcasting service of France
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Radio_France_Internationale
Communication service
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Video_remote_interpreting
Redirection of a telephone call to another subscriber
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Call_forwarding
Part of Douzy in Grand Est, France
Chalandry-Elaire Challerange Champigneulle Champigneul-sur-Vence Champlin La Chapelle Chappes Charbogne Chardeny Charleville-Mézièrespref Charnois Château-Porcien Chatel-Chéhéry
Mairy
Organization that provides telephone and/or other telecommunications services
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Telecommunications_company
Identification code for countries
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Country_code
4G mobile communication standard
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
LTE_Advanced
British IPTV platform
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Freely
Transmission of information electromagnetically
beacon chain relayed a signal from Plymouth to London. In 1792, Claude Chappe, a French engineer, built the first fixed visual telegraphy system (or semaphore
Telecommunications
Topics referred to by the same term
Central of Georgia Railway, between Macon and Savannah, Georgia in the US Chappe et Gessalin, a French automobile maker Chaudhary Group, a multinational
CG
Frequency/channel over which a television station is distributed
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Television_channel
name, but a nickname adopted by later historians. It probably derived from chappe, an ecclesiastical mantle wore at the Abbey of Saint Martin of Tours. Hugh
List of heads of state of France
List_of_heads_of_state_of_France
British bishop (1761–1803)
relaying messages from London to Deal in 1796, a few years after Claude Chappe's system began operation in France. He was Bishop of Saint David's from 1801
Lord_George_Murray_(bishop)
Cuban basketball player (1945–2003)
Pedro Chappé García (June 16, 1945 – May 15, 2003) was a basketball player from Cuba, who won the bronze medal with the men's national team at the 1972
Pedro_Chappé
Networking protocol for real-time communication
Riot and Matrix protocol—called Tchap [fr] after French scientist Claude Chappe—had started in early 2018, and the program was open-sourced and released
Matrix_(protocol)
Family of wireless network protocols
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Wi-Fi
Former canton in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
canton comprised the following communes: Beaune-d'Allier Bézenet Blomard Chappes Chavenon Doyet Louroux-de-Beaune Montmarault Montvicq Murat Saint-Bonnet-de-Four
Canton_of_Montmarault
Mathematical descriptions of transmission line voltage and current
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Telegrapher's_equations
Fortified structure in France
simple warehouse. In 1823, its southwest corner hosted the installation of a Chappe telegraph on the Paris-Bayonne line [fr], with a hut also constructed on
Castle_Site_of_Montbazon
Italian radio-frequency engineer and inventor (1874–1937)
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Guglielmo_Marconi
Emergency medical service in India
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
102_(ambulance_service)
Early method of transmitting photographs over telephone lines
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Wirephoto
Computer network not fully connected by cables
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Wireless_network
Device or point within a network capable of creating, receiving, or transmitting data
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Node_(networking)
threshing machine 1789: Edmund Cartwright invents the power loom 1792: Claude Chappe invents the semaphore telegraph 1793: Eli Whitney invents the modern cotton
Timeline of historic inventions
Timeline_of_historic_inventions
Medieval sword classification system
Boeheim Dresden, a somewhat atypical presentation of its archetype due to the pronounced midrib, distinctive chappe (rain-guard) and straight quillions.
Oakeshott_typology
Short-range wireless technology standard
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
Bluetooth
Jagadish Chandra Bose Charles Bourseul Walter Houser Brattain Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Daniel Davis Jr. Amos Dolbear Thomas Edison Philo
List of radio stations in Aruba
List_of_radio_stations_in_Aruba
CHAPPES
CHAPPES
CHAPPES
CHAPPES
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Flower; Jasmine White Flower
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Divine
Boy/Male
Sikh
King of Love
Male
Iranian/Persian
(مريخ) Arabic and Persian name for the planet Mars, possibly MIRRIKH means "death, slaughter." Also spelled Merikh.
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Blossoming Flower
Girl/Female
Indian
Worshipper, Devotee
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
King of the Discus
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Tamil
Brightness of the Rising Sun
Boy/Male
Tamil
The Avadhoot means, The person who has passed beyond all worldly attachments and cares
Boy/Male
Tamil
Glistening
CHAPPES
CHAPPES
CHAPPES
CHAPPES
CHAPPES