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Belief without doubt in propositions that are in fact true
Certainty (also known as epistemic certainty or objective certainty) is the epistemic property of beliefs which a person has no rational grounds for doubting
Certainty
Book by Ludwig Wittgenstein
On Certainty (German: Über Gewissheit, original spelling Über Gewißheit) is a philosophical book composed from notes written by Ludwig Wittgenstein over
On_Certainty
Concept of intuitive probability
Moral certainty is a concept of intuitive probability. It means a very high degree of probability, sufficient for action, but short of absolute or mathematical
Moral_certainty
Legal principle
Legal certainty is a principle in national and international law which holds that the law must provide those subject to it with the ability to regulate
Legal_certainty
1987 studio album by Kreator
Terrible Certainty is the third studio album by German thrash metal band Kreator, released in 1987 through Noise Records. It is the band’s first album
Terrible_Certainty
Psychological effect
The certainty effect is the psychological effect resulting from the reduction of probability from certain to probable (Tversky & Kahneman 1986). It is
Certainty_effect
Rejection of certain ideas about reality
exist. One argument in favor of radical skepticism asserts that absolute certainty is required for knowledge. It attempts to show that doubt can never be
Nihilism
1914 American film
The Certainty of Man is a 1914 American short (one-reel) silent film with a Western setting, starring Charlotte Burton, Sydney Ayres, Charles Morrison
The_Certainty_of_Man
Cognitive bias
actually uncertain in multi-stage decision making. The evaluation of the certainty of the outcome in a previous stage of decisions is disregarded when selecting
Pseudocertainty_effect
substantial certainty doctrine is the assumption of intent even if the actor did not intend the result, but knew with substantial certainty the effect
Substantial certainty doctrine
Substantial_certainty_doctrine
English cricketer (born 1940)
in 2014 he released a book entitled Geoffrey Boycott: The Corridor of Certainty with Simon & Schuster. ESPNcricinfo reviewed the piece in October, commenting
Geoffrey_Boycott
2016 book
The Sin of Certainty: Why God Desires Our Trust More Than Our "Correct" Beliefs is a book written by Peter Enns. The intended audience of the book are
The_Sin_of_Certainty
Rule within English trusts law
three certainties compose a rule within English trusts law on the creation of express trusts that, to be valid, the trust instrument must show certainty of
Three_certainties
2010 studio album by Cephalic Carnage
Misled by Certainty is the sixth studio album by the Colorado-based deathgrind band Cephalic Carnage. It was released on August 31, 2010, through Relapse
Misled_by_Certainty
Computer system emulating human expert
In artificial intelligence (AI), an expert system is a computer system emulating the decision-making ability of a human expert. Expert systems are designed
Expert_system
Summit of spiritual path in mystic Islam
Yaqeen (Arabic: یقین) is generally translated as "certainty", and is considered the summit of the many stations by which the path of walaya (sometimes
Yaqeen
2011 American drama film
Certainty is a 2011 American drama film directed by Peter Askin and written by Mike O'Malley, based on his stage play Searching for Certainty. The cast
Certainty_(film)
1920 British film by George Dewhurst
A Dead Certainty is a 1920 British silent sports drama film directed by George Dewhurst and starring Gregory Scott, Poppy Wyndham and Cameron Carr. It
A_Dead_Certainty
Strength that can be assessed in health care interventions
In biostatistics, strength of evidence is the strength of a conducted study that can be assessed in health care interventions, e.g. to identify effective
Strength_of_evidence
1980 book by Morris Kline
Mathematics: The Loss of Certainty is a book by Morris Kline on the developing perspectives within mathematical cultures throughout the centuries. This
Mathematics: The Loss of Certainty
Mathematics:_The_Loss_of_Certainty
Certainty in English law sets out rules for how judges will interpret, sever or put contracts, trusts and other voluntary obligations into effect. If
Certainty_in_English_law
2025 nonfiction book by Thomas Chatterton Williams
Summer of Our Discontent: The Age of Certainty and the Demise of Discourse is a 2025 book by American writer Thomas Chatterton Williams. The book critically
Summer_of_Our_Discontent
Probabilistic optimal control
discrete-time centralized systems with only additive uncertainty is the certainty equivalence property: that the optimal control solution in this case is
Stochastic_control
2017 memoir by Janet Mock
Surpassing Certainty: What My Twenties Taught Me is a 2017 memoir by Janet Mock. Following on her 2014 memoir, Redefining Realness, which described Mock's
Surpassing_Certainty
Status given to some Scientologists
In Dianetics and Scientology, Clear is a status afforded to followers by the Scientology organization, or by other Scientologists, after they complete
Clear_(Scientology)
Concept in economics
payoff ($50), many people choose the guaranteed $50 because they value the certainty of the smaller reward more than the possibility of a larger one, reflecting
Expected_utility_hypothesis
American actor, writer and producer (born 1966)
Devotion. He adapted another play called Searching for Certainty for Peter Askin's film Certainty, which premiered at the Boston Film Festival in 2011.
Mike_O'Malley
Measure of excess
A risk premium is a measure of excess return that is required by an individual to compensate being subjected to an increased level of risk. It is used
Risk_premium
Situations involving imperfect or unknown information
have defined uncertainty, risk, and their measurement as: The lack of certainty, a state of limited knowledge where it is impossible to exactly describe
Uncertainty
Term used in civil procedures in the US
Owen Roberts set forth the "legal-certainty test", which is still used today: It must appear to a legal certainty that the claim is really for less than
Amount_in_controversy
Psychoactive drug, often called ecstasy
compared to psychotherapy alone, but the evidence is low to very low certainty and safety data are limited, with some increased transient adverse events
MDMA
2017 studio album by Temples
that we didn't know about the first time around [on Sun Structures]". "Certainty" was released as a single in September 2016. This was followed by a remixes
Volcano_(Temples_album)
American rock band
American Heart would be reuniting. The Courtesy Of Stars (EP) – 2002 Certainty Kills (EP) – 2003 My American Heart (EP) – 2004 The Meaning in Makeup
My_American_Heart
American indie folk band
Alternative Music Album at the 2023 Grammys, while its second single "Certainty" was nominated for Best Alternative Music Performance. Oleartchik ended
Big_Thief
Psychological term for one's need for an answer to something
persuasion. Additionally, and especially in those with strong needs for certainty (as measured on NFC Scale), the impulse to achieve cognitive closure may
Closure_(psychology)
Debate over Homer's identity and authorship of the Iliad and Odyssey
old are the oldest elements in Homeric poetry which can be dated with certainty?" The forefathers of text criticism, including Isaac Casaubon (1559–1614)
Homeric_Question
Provider of sporting tips
encourage betting.) Thus a tip is not even regarded by the tipster as a certainty but that the bookmaker has set a price too low (or too high) from what
Tipster
Book by Muḥammad Bāqir Ibn-Muḥammad Taqī Maǧlisī
Reality of Certainty (Arabic: حقاليقين, romanized: Ḥaqq al-Yaqīn) is a Shiite collection of hadiths (Islamic narrations) authored by Muhammad Baqir Majlisi
Reality_of_Certainty
Method of assessing the certainty in evidence
Assessment, Development and Evaluation) is a method of assessing the certainty in evidence (also known as quality of evidence or confidence in effect
GRADE_approach
Statement that is true regardless of the truth or falsity of its constituent propositions
Logical truth is one of the most fundamental concepts in logic. Broadly speaking, a logical truth is a statement which is true regardless of the truth
Logical_truth
Parental expenditure that benefits offspring
grandchildren, especially the children of their daughters, because maternal certainty of their own children is high, and their daughters are certain of their
Parental_investment
Expert system for bacterial infections
Coli with a certainty of 0.8 whilst another concludes that it is E. Coli with a certainty of 0.5 or even −0.8. In the event the certainty is less than
Mycin
Ancient forms of the Greek language
the 5th century BC. Ancient pronunciation cannot be reconstructed with certainty, but Greek from the period is well documented, and there is little disagreement
Ancient_Greek
Point or an area on Earth's surface or elsewhere
Earth's surface. The term location generally implies a higher degree of certainty than place, the latter often indicating an entity with an ambiguous boundary
Location
Forces and with NATO Forces at CFB Suffield. Her most recent novel The Certainties was released in 2020 and published by Knopf Canada. It was shortlisted
Aislinn_Hunter
German thrash metal band
album of the genre. Many of their subsequent albums — including Terrible Certainty (1987), Extreme Aggression (1989), and Coma of Souls (1990) — were also
Kreator
Example of irrational preferences over lotteries
were to pick that gamble and lose, knowing you could have won with 100% certainty if you had chosen 1A. This feeling of disappointment, however, is contingent
Allais_paradox
American Southern rock band
been destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire. Though it is not known with certainty which, if any, of the band's master recordings were lost in the blaze
Lynyrd_Skynyrd
US government medical review and recommendation panel
each grade. The Task Force also defined levels of certainty regarding net benefit. Levels of certainty vary from high to low according to the evidence.
United States Preventive Services Task Force
United_States_Preventive_Services_Task_Force
Method of logical reasoning
in which the conclusion of an argument is supported not with deductive certainty, but at best with some degree of probability. Unlike deductive reasoning
Inductive_reasoning
Phrase of the philosopher René Descartes
that certainty which individualizes and authenticates our Being (Dasein). As he wrote in 1925 in History of the Concept of Time: This certainty, that
Cogito,_ergo_sum
English law must involve four elements for the trust to be valid: capacity, certainty, constitution and formality. Capacity refers to the settlor's ability
Creation of express trusts in English law
Creation_of_express_trusts_in_English_law
Narrative with incomplete or imprecise description
Vague language is a choice of narrative in which the degree of accuracy, certainty, or clarity in a description of a situation or thing is less than it may
Vague_language
Postulated future astronomical event
currently colliding with the Milky Way and being merged into it. The certainty, as well as the timescale for such a collision, have since been questioned
Andromeda–Milky_Way_collision
Doubt about God's existence
to skepticism and fallibilism, which deny that knowledge or absolute certainty is possible. Arguments for and against agnosticism are discussed in the
Agnosticism
Rare form of epilepsy causing ecstatic and mystical experiences
variably include feelings of increased self-awareness, mental clarity, certainty, feelings of "unity with everything that exists" (including the external
Ecstatic_seizures
Status between belief and disbelief
his posthumous work On Certainty (OC), Ludwig Wittgenstein describes how our everyday use of the words ‘doubt’ and ‘certainty’ function. The two concepts
Doubt
Economics theory
is called the certainty equivalent, which is also used as a measure of risk aversion. An individual that is risk averse has a certainty equivalent that
Risk_aversion
manner. In general, entries consist of animal species known with good certainty to be overwhelmingly herbivorous, as well as genera and families which
List_of_herbivorous_animals
1970 English trust law case
1) is a leading English trusts law case by the House of Lords on the certainty of beneficiaries. It held that so long as any given claimant can clearly
McPhail_v_Doulton
Legal standard of proof
"probabilistic" approach suggests adopting a numerical threshold (e.g., 90% or 95% certainty). Some scholars contend that such explicit quantification reflects the
Reasonable_doubt
2022 studio album by Big Thief
Hands. On September 7, 2021, the band released another song, titled "Certainty", followed by another, named "Change", on October 6. They also announced
Dragon New Warm Mountain I Believe in You
Dragon_New_Warm_Mountain_I_Believe_in_You
Location in the Books of Samuel
Bethoron. Its location has not been identified in modern times with much certainty, with some identifying it with Beit Iksa, and others with Dayr Aban. The
Eben-Ezer
are needed as of 2026. Randomized controlled trials have provided "high-certainty" evidence that e-cigarettes containing nicotine are more effective than
Health effects of electronic cigarettes
Health_effects_of_electronic_cigarettes
British evolutionary biologist and author (born 1941)
Nurse said "In eloquent, evocative prose, Richard Dawkins conveys the certainty that, rather than diminishing the myriad beauties of the universe and
Richard_Dawkins
Thought experiment
what they contain, and is able to predict the player's choices with near-certainty. Newcomb's paradox was created by William Newcomb of the University of
Newcomb's_problem
2014 aircraft disappearance
the CSIRO, identifying the crash area "with unprecedented precision and certainty" at 35°36′S 92°48′E / 35.6°S 92.8°E / -35.6; 92.8 (CSIRO crash area)
Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_370
The Bipartisan Student Loan Certainty Act of 2013 was a bill signed into law by President Barack Obama on August 9, 2013, which, after more than a month
Bipartisan Student Loan Certainty Act of 2013
Bipartisan_Student_Loan_Certainty_Act_of_2013
Use of science for political purposes
often able to make "successful efforts to argue for full 'scientific certainty' before a regulation can be said to be 'justified' and maintain that what
Politicization_of_science
Species of plant
and should not be consumed unless it has been identified with absolute certainty. Synonyms include Archangelica officinalis Hoffm. and Angelica officinalis
Angelica_archangelica
128-bit number used to identify information in computer systems
can create large numbers of UUIDs and use them as identifiers with near certainty that they do not duplicate UUIDs that have been, or will be, created by
Universally_unique_identifier
Head of the Catholic Church
succession of bishops is to be taken into account, with how much more certainty and benefit to the Church do we reckon back till we reach Peter himself
Pope
Concept; act of surviving
depicting the process whereby the group, cut off from the securities and certainties of the ordinary support networks of civilized life, forms itself into
Survival
Meteorological event
uncertainty in the measurement, that prevents making that conclusion with certainty. The event led to a global famine that killed more than 50 million people
1877–1878_El_Niño_event
Piece of information about the content of an image
point. Alternatively, we can instead use a representation that provides a certainty measure instead of a Boolean statement of the edge's existence and combine
Feature_(computer_vision)
Legally binding document establishing rights and duties between parties
consideration, arguing that elimination of the doctrine "bring[s] about greater certainty and reduce litigation" in international trade. The Principles also rejected
Contract
Belief that the current age will be replaced by a better world, age, or paradise
recent, although the chronology of ancient religions is not known with certainty. Later dates are more certain than earlier dates. In Zoroastrian eschatology
World_to_come
Interpretation of sensory information
Learning, London: RoutledgeFalmer; Poerksen, Bernhard (ed.) (2004), The Certainty of Uncertainty: Dialogues Introducing Constructivism, Exeter: Imprint
Perception
Book by John Brockman
Believe But Cannot Prove: Today's Leading Thinkers on Science in the Age of Certainty is a non-fiction book published by Harper Perennial and edited by literary
What We Believe but Cannot Prove
What_We_Believe_but_Cannot_Prove
Probability distribution
indicating the certainty of the observations: In the distribution of the posterior mean, each of the input components is weighted by its certainty, and the
Normal_distribution
Removal of the human foreskin
parts of Southern Africa. The origin of circumcision is not known with certainty, but the oldest documentation comes from ancient Egypt. Approximately
Circumcision
Awareness of facts
which implies a substantial commitment to the believed claim. It involves certainty in the form of being sure about it. For declarative knowledge, this stronger
Declarative_knowledge
760th goal, although it was widely accepted as impossible to confirm with certainty since stats from earlier eras are often disputed, as observed by journalist
List of footballers with 500 or more goals
List_of_footballers_with_500_or_more_goals
6 is an English trusts law and UK insolvency law case, concerning the certainty of subject matter to create a trust. Lehman Brothers International (Europe)
Re Lehman Brothers International (Europe)
Re_Lehman_Brothers_International_(Europe)
held that the trust would in principle be valid if it could be said with certainty that a hypothetical claimant "is or is not" within the class of beneficiaries
Re_Baden's_Deed_Trusts_(No_2)
Unincorporated community in Indiana, United States
Township, Jefferson County, Indiana. The name's origin is not known with certainty, but is believed to have been adopted from Volga in Russia. Volga was
Volga,_Indiana
Topics referred to by the same term
risks in an emergency (SURE), an EU programme Sure, as probability, see certainty Sure (brand), a brand of antiperspirant deodorant Sure (company), a telecommunications
Sure
1988 EP by Kreator
Club in Eindhoven, Netherlands in 1988. Late 1990s reissues of Terrible Certainty album feature this EP as bonus material. The early American version came
Out of the Dark... Into the Light
Out_of_the_Dark..._Into_the_Light
Topics referred to by the same term
Freshness (album), a 1995 album by Casiopea Freshness (cryptography), certainty that replayed messages in a replay attack on a protocol will be detected
Freshness
1st-century BC Roman poet and philosopher
of the Universe. Very little is known about Lucretius's life; the only certainty is that he was either a friend or client of Gaius Memmius, to whom the
Lucretius
features infinite regress and that to know is interpreted as "to know with certainty that one knows". The principle also holds that informational independence
KK_thesis
Genus of fungi
class is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any order. Dothidasteromella acokantherae Dothidasteromella brevilobi
Dothidasteromella
1993 play by Tom Stoppard
explores the relationship between past and present, order and disorder, certainty and uncertainty. It has been praised by many critics as the finest play
Arcadia_(play)
English trusts law case
[1977] EWCA Civ 11 is a leading English trusts law case, concerning the certainty of trusts. Sir Adolph Tuck, a baronet who had run the art publisher Raphael
Re_Tuck's_Settlement_Trusts
Interplay between observation, experiment, and theory in science
is always attached to a measure of certainty, as all inductively reasoned conclusions are. This measure of certainty can reach quite high degrees, though
Scientific_method
Positive classification of Catholic beliefs
The theological notes or nota theologica designate a classification of certainty of beliefs in Catholic theology. While theological notes qualify positively
Theological_notes
Genre of symbolic art
symbolizing the transience of life, the uselessness of pleasure, and the certainty of death, and thus the vanity of ambition and all worldly desires. The
Vanitas
French polymath (1596–1650)
doubting but to achieve concrete and reliable information. In other words, certainty. He argues that sensory perceptions come to him involuntarily, and are
René_Descartes
Physical constant for the strength of gravity induced by a mass
stress–energy tensor. The measured value of the constant is known with some certainty to four significant digits. In SI units, its value is approximately 6
Gravitational_constant
Class of words
typically express manner, place, time, frequency, degree, or level of certainty by answering questions such as how, in what way, when, where, to what
Adverb
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