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Building typology refers to the classification and documentation of buildings according to shared characteristics. In architectural discourse, typological
Building_typology
System of classification
morphological traits Typology (archaeology), classification of artefacts according to their characteristics Building typology, relating to buildings and architecture
Typology
Physical classification of artifacts
Most archaeological typologies organize portable artifacts into types, but typologies of larger structures, including buildings, field monuments, fortifications
Typology_(archaeology)
Non-fiction work by Gottfried Semper
specific typology but rather was more universal in its attempt to offer a more general theory of architecture. Rather than describing one building typology as
The Four Elements of Architecture
The_Four_Elements_of_Architecture
Controversial psychological typology
(autogynephilia). Blanchard proposed the typology in a series of academic papers through the 1980s and 1990s, building on the work of earlier researchers such
Blanchard's transsexualism typology
Blanchard's_transsexualism_typology
Headquarters of Apple Inc. in Cupertino, California, US
2016. Gattupalli, Ankitha (May 27, 2024). "The Groundscraper: A Building Typology to Decentralize Cities". ArchDaily. Retrieved December 13, 2025. Moore
Apple_Park
1958 housing development in Singapore
storey high. The remaining even numbered blocks have 4 types of building typologies, which are as follows: 7-storey butterfly-shaped (pi-shaped) blocks
Dakota_Crescent
Five buildings in Quarry Bay, Hong Kong
architectural vernacular typology : the case of Parker Estate (Thesis). University of Hong Kong. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Monster Building. v t e
Monster_Building
Type of building
17, 2011. Gattupalli, Ankitha (2024-05-27). "The Groundscraper: A Building Typology to Decentralize Cities". ArchDaily. Retrieved 2026-01-18. Ouroussoff
Groundscraper
Catalan architect (1852–1926)
Gaudí's work represents a series of outstanding examples of the building typology in the architecture of the early 20th century, residential as well
Antoni_Gaudí
Machine or building in which cremation takes place
an energy-saving measure, some cremators provide heating for the building. "Typology: Crematorium". Architectural Review. 14 November 2016. Retrieved
Crematorium
Classification of buildings and urban places
dichotomy is employed between typology and morphology, the term typology tends to refer to the more limited aspects of buildings or urban sites specifically
Typology (urban planning and architecture)
Typology_(urban_planning_and_architecture)
Town in Uttar Pradesh, India
Chishti. Diwan-i-Aam: Diwan-i-Aam or Hall of Public Audience, is a building typology found in many cities where the ruler meets the general public. In
Fatehpur_Sikri
Mansion block development in London
as architect and the completed building bares his final designs, the building was finished in 1900. The building typology echoes much of the design of the
Albert_Court
Unincorporated community in California, United States
shingles. The building typology of the Sea Ranch draws on the local agricultural buildings for inspiration, in the way that those buildings are designed
Sea_Ranch,_California
Reference book by Ernst Neufert
thousands of drawings illustrate the text, organised according to building typologies. Weighting now slightly less than two kilograms, it has been continuously
Architects'_Data
Building constructed of large, prefabricated concrete slabs
large-panel-system building is a building constructed of large, prefabricated concrete slabs (slab construction). Such buildings are often found in housing
Large-panel-system_building
Building in which a legislature meets
into one of five main typologies, most of which derive from 19th-century European models. Semicircle: The most common typology worldwide, this design
Parliament_building
Hamlet in Northumberland, England
Enclosure and he drew other areas of the site into this scheme through a typology of building styles. He established a fixed chronology for the scheme by arguing
Yeavering
National Australian architecture award
first presented in 2007 reflecting a change in focus of residential building typology in architecture and better definition of award categories, occurring
Frederick_Romberg_Award
Public library
proposal, Noah's ark, and A Space Odyssey by Stanley Kubrick. The building typology of the Roman Pantheon is the base for the high cube-shaped. Lightened
Stadtbibliothek_Stuttgart
Former Russian state financial institution
century, the State Bank erected branch buildings in cities across the Empire, often using a longitudinal building typology with a prominent avant-corps at the
State Bank of the Russian Empire
State_Bank_of_the_Russian_Empire
British architect and author
with Nick Dalton); using small graph matching techniques to research building typology and, most recently, her work on social wayfinding. She attended Ackworth
Ruth_Conroy_Dalton
Mexican architect
he later renamed JAHN in 2012). He has worked on a wide range of building typologies with a strong emphasis on the design of skyscrapers and airports
Francisco_González-Pulido
2006 book by Nikos Salingaros
variants of a building typology being built on the ground. A Darwinian process plays a significant role in both design and architectural typologies' evolution
A_Theory_of_Architecture
Austrian architect
an Architectural Building Typology". www.tugraz.at. Retrieved 2024-10-16. "Thinking Design. blueprint for an architecture of typology | Andreas Lechner
Andreas_Lechner
Power station in Widnes, England
this generation meant that England is "at risk of losing an entire building typology that provides important landmarks and monuments to C20 industry."
Fiddler's_Ferry_power_station
Portmanteau used to describe a famous architect
mostly to improvements in building performance (standards of comfort), engineering and the development of new building typologies (e.g., factories, railway
Starchitect
British architectural designer
core of the work, projects have spanned a wide range of scales and building typologies, from the Sackler Crossing across the lake at the Royal Botanic Gardens
John_Pawson
Building material of earth and organic materials
different typology known as rammed earth. In dry climates, adobe structures are extremely durable, and account for some of the oldest existing buildings in the
Adobe
Architectural movement in Germany
architect Conrad Wilhelm Hase, designed almost 80 new church buildings and over 60 civil buildings alone. In addition, Hase taught for 45 years at the Polytechnic
Hanover school of architecture
Hanover_school_of_architecture
Buddhist architecture Building Building code Building design Building envelope Building restoration Building typology Buildings and architecture of Allentown
Index of architecture articles
Index_of_architecture_articles
UNESCO. In the 19th century, European missionaries introduced new building typologies, including churches, schools, and training colleges. This included
Architecture_of_Ghana
Academic in Rue de l'École-de-Médecine, Paris
them unduly." Ecole de Médecine changed the hôtel typology by building in the style for a public building versus a private house. Three wings surround a
École_de_Médecine_(building)
20th-century architectural and art style
Avenue de Versailles no. 70–72, Paris, "Modern" decor in an established typology, designed by Paul Delaplace and sculpted by Jean Boucher (1928) Louis XVI
Art_Deco
Skyscraper in Brisbane, Queensland
beautification projects: The high-rise office tower emerged as a building typology during the late 19th century in Chicago and New York in the United
Riverside_Centre,_Brisbane
System or group governing an organized community
political science, it has long been a goal to create a typology or taxonomy of polities, as typologies of political systems are not obvious. It is especially
Government
District of Leipzig in Saxony, Germany
possible without demolition. However, the new buildings were adapted to the Connewitz building typology. Care was also taken to ensure an appropriate
Connewitz
Building Index (GBI) provides an objective and independent framework to assess the environmental performance of buildings across various typologies and
Green building certification systems
Green_building_certification_systems
Dutch architect firm
some cases lead to patents. An example of the latter, is the new building typology known as The Shaded Dome, an extremely flexible and mobile construction
ZJA
Postmodern retail showroom in Richmond, Virginia
even as the buildings were designed to poke fun at this big box store typologies. Writer Margaret McCormack pointed out that Forest Building survived only
Forest_Building
Italian architect
for his theoretical contributions to the concept of housing, on building typologies, and on construction methodologies, being one of the first in Italy
Pasquale_Carbonara
Building regulations in the United Kingdom - Building science - Building services engineering - Building typology - Bull's eye level - Bulldozer - Bundwerk
Index of construction articles
Index_of_construction_articles
Chilean architect (1931–2008)
the Team 10 discourse and is one of the clearest examples of mat-building typology and of the structuralist thinking in architecture. In some of these
Guillermo Jullian de la Fuente
Guillermo_Jullian_de_la_Fuente
Rental assistance for low-income households
the focus of the housing movement shifted from a focus on proper building typology to community development on a broader scale, and the NHA dissolved
Subsidized housing in the United States
Subsidized_housing_in_the_United_States
American political party
Retrieved January 21, 2023. There are fissures in the GOP coalition. The same typology study found fissures in the GOP coalition, including over economic fairness
Republican Party (United States)
Republican_Party_(United_States)
International Conference. 27. Jerliu, Florina; Thaçi, Kaltrina (2024). "Building typology of Albanian kulla stone houses in the Balkans". Built Heritage. 8
Tower_houses_in_the_Balkans
Island country in Southeast Asia
Robert M.W.; Alexandra, Y. (2004). Adjective Classes: A Cross-linguistic Typology. Oxford University Press. p. 74. ISBN 0-19-920346-6. Matisoff, James (1990)
Singapore
Coffin home in Sandy Bay, Hong Kong
adjudicators (UNESCO): “The project was praised for preserving a unique building typology and an important cultural institution which reflects the evolving
Tung_Wah_Coffin_Home
Contribution of the Firuzian Era to the Creation of Indo-Islamic Building Typologies by Prof. Aruna Ramani Grover According to Asaru’s-Sanadid by Sayyid
Tughluq_tombs
Comune in Basilicata, Italy
of varied mills near streams. The town, as a whole, has a varied building typology ranging from domus seu gripta and gripta cum planitie ante, rupestrian-type
Tursi
Geographical area in Lombardy, Italy
culture, language, religion, but also in settlement patterns and rural building typology. The high dry plain, that is, the area north of the Postumia, either
Upper_Mantua
Newari architectural style in Nepal
Bangdel, Dina (2013). Architecture of the Newars: A History of Building Typologies and Details in Nepal, by Niels Gutschow. Serindia Publications. ISBN 978-1932476545
Newar_architecture
American architect
researching precedents for the relatively new building typology. His inherent proficiency in this genre of building evidently foreshadowed what would become
Edward_J._Schulte
Erg in Algeria
"Earthen Architectural Heritage in the Gourara Region of Algeria: Building Typology, Materials, and Techniques". heritage: 3824–3827 – via MDPI. Moullaa
Grand_Erg_Occidental
Language that is cultivated for religious reasons
Niels (November 2011). Architecture of the Newars: A History of Building Typologies and Details in Nepal. Chicago: Serindia Publications. p. 707.
Sacred_language
Historic district in New York, United States
non-domestic building typology is the former North Chatham Trolley Station, ca. 1900, which has recently been restored. It is the only brick building included
North Chatham Historic District
North_Chatham_Historic_District
Largest city in Texas, United States
high-density apartment and townhouse developments. Outside the loop, the city's typology is more suburban, though many major business districts—such as Uptown,
Houston
Mountain in Italy
War II, dates this building type to the 7th century, attributing it to the traditions of the Goths or Lombards. This building typology can still be found
Cima_Rest
CCP professional personnel system
2020. Pieke, Frank N. (2009). The Good Communist Elite Training and State Building in Today's China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Walder, Andrew
Cadre system of the Chinese Communist Party
Cadre_system_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party
19th century, two hybrid building typologies evolved in Singapore. While their origins can be traced elsewhere, these building types underwent significant
Architecture_of_Singapore
Continent
2008. Retrieved 1 March 2009. Wolff, Ekkehard. Linguistic features and typologies in languages commonly referred to as 'Nilo-Saharan'. Cambridge University
Africa
Historical period (c. 3300–1200 BCE)
Liaoning and southern Manchuria, Korean Bronze Age culture exhibits unique typology and styles, especially in ritual objects. The Mumun pottery period is named
Bronze_Age
Country in Eastern Europe and West Asia
Georgia and Azerbaijan. pp. 188–189 Boeder; et al. (2002). Philology, typology and language structure. Peter Lang. p. 65. ISBN 978-0820459912 Peradze
Georgia_(country)
Canadian architect
archetypal quality of these structures to sustain Arcadia's traditional building typologies. As a child, witnessing the construction of these structures influenced
Brian_MacKay-Lyons
Australian architectural practice
BKK is design-based problem solving and is not limited to specific building typologies, although an emerging focus in their work is place making. The firm
BKK_Architects
Church in Tuscany, Italy
Ximenes (1716–1786). In his document he described 13 different crack typologies. In 1934, Pier Luigi Nervi, who was head of a special commission established
Florence_Cathedral
Actions taken to reduce fear of conflict
Confidence-building measures (CBMs) or confidence- and security-building measures (CSBMs) are actions taken to reduce fear of attack by both (or more)
Confidence-building_measures
Ancient sculptures in Sardinia (Italy)
"tomb of the ruler". The most similar bronze figurine, however, both for typology and for distinguishing marks, is the statuette from Dorgali. The fragments
Giants_of_Mont'e_Prama
Architectural typology in the Soviet Union
architectural typology that emerged within the Soviet Union during the second half of the 20th century. Unlike major public buildings, which were subject
Soviet_bus_stops
American city planning news website
dissenting viewpoints on the question of skyscrapers as a viable building typology. Planetizen has ranked planning graduate programs in the United States
Planetizen
Archaeological term for baked clay building material
Tegulae: Manufacture, Typology and Use in Roman Britain. Oxford: Archaeopress. Current Archaeology Archaeological Ceramic Building Materials Group South
Ceramic_building_material
Mixed-use development in Copenhagen, Denmark
children playing. This is a complex and exemplary project of a new typology. Housing Building of the Year at the 2011 World Architecture Festival. The 2012
8_House
Swiss architect and academic
2012 to 2015, and the Co-Principal Investigator of Dense and Green Building Typologies at the Future Cities Laboratory (FCL 2.0) in Singapore from 2015
Sacha_Menz
Iraqi and British architect (1950–2016)
core of the building, bringing a rigid frame and a sense of movement to this completely new typology of tower." The 94,000-square metre building, which resembles
Zaha_Hadid
How accessible a space is to walking
dramatically for different morphologies and building typologies. Density may be conflated with building height, contributing to the confusion. The ratio
Walkability
Building in Northcote
construction conducive to these types of buildings, however the architects have refashioned this building typology by using a delicate translucent skin as
Polygreen
Country in West Asia
Bonnéric, Julie (2021). "A consideration on the interest of a pottery typology adapted to the late Sasanian and early Islamic monastery at al-Qusur (Kuwait)"
Kuwait
Prefabricated steel hut
Kary lee (2017). Wartime Huts: The Development, Typology and Identification of Temporary Military Buildings in Britain 1914-1945 (PDF) (Thesis). University
Nissen_hut
Group of states not aligned with the US or USSR
smaller ones, were faced with the challenges of nation- and institution-building on their own for the first time. Due to this common background, many of
Third_World
Building for storing goods
A warehouse is a building for storing goods. Warehouses are used by manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc
Warehouse
President of Uganda from 1971 to 1979
Eghagha; Odhiambo, Christopher (eds.). "Representation of the Big Man Typology in The Rise and Fall of Idi Amin". Nairobi Journal of Humanities and Social
Idi_Amin
Courtyard housing is a distinct medium-density multi-family housing typology centered on a shared outdoor open space or garden and surrounded by one or
Courtyard_housing
Prison design
Vessella (2017). Open Prison Architecture: Design Criteria for a New Prison Typology. WITPress. p. 10. ISBN 9781784662479. Donald Preziosi (1989). Rethinking
Panopticon
Data center built for the 2008 Summer Olympics
Olympics and the Digital Era ... The three bars that reflect the solid typology are physical manifestations of information technology. Inside are all of
Digital_Beijing_Building
Hammer of the god Thor in Norse mythology
discovery context: In 1999, German archaeologist Jörn Staecker proposed a typology for the hammer finds based on decorative style and material properties
Mjölnir
Russian term for residential blocks built in the 1960s
2024, pp. 410-411 Meuser, Philipp & Zadorin, Dimitrij (2016). Towards a Typology of Soviet Mass Housing: Prefabrication in the USSR 1955–1991. Berlin: DOM
Khrushchevka
Zen Buddhist temple in Kyoto, Japan
Kyōko-chi (鏡湖池, Mirror Pond), that reflects the building. The pond contains 10 smaller islands. The zen typology is seen through the rock composition; the bridges
Kinkaku-ji
City-state in ancient Greece
Ancient Art, Burial and Belief, Peeters, 353–383. Christesen, P. (2018). The typology and topography of Spartan burials from the Protogeometric to the Hellenistic
Sparta
Turkish architect (born 1960)
turquoise waters, and cosmopolitan atmosphere. The resort's diverse building typologies are organized to satisfy varied programming purposes, resulting in
Gökhan_Avcıoğlu
Government system where political power lies with the people
about creative democracy is that democracy encourages individual capacity building and the interaction among the society. Dewey argues that democracy is a
Democracy
Ritual cutting or removal of some or all of the vulva
glans. The World Health Organization (a UN agency) created a more detailed typology in 1997: Types I–II vary in how much tissue is removed; Type III is equivalent
Female_genital_mutilation
Abrahamic monotheistic religion
sense is further subdivided into: The allegorical sense, which includes typology. An example would be the parting of the Red Sea being understood as a "type"
Christianity
University buildings
Typological Uses of Genesis 3:15". Victorian Types, Victorian Shadows; Biblical Typology in Victorian Literature, Art, and Thought. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7100-0598-4
Buildings of Jesus College, Oxford
Buildings_of_Jesus_College,_Oxford
Social group with unusual beliefs and rituals
rewards for the things invested into the group. In the Bainbridge–Stark typology, a "cult movement" is an actual complete organization, differing from a
Cult
Number associated with the Beast of Revelation
scholarship that the number of the beast is linked by gematria to the typology of Roman Emperor Nero, an infamous persecutor of Christians. The number
Number_of_the_beast
Separation between human breasts
Publications. p. 198. ISBN 978-1591200246. Joyce L. Vedral (1998). Bone-Building/Body-Shaping Workout. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 131. ISBN 978-0684847313
Cleavage_(breasts)
Modernist style of residential housing
Unit; Occitan: Unitat d'abitacion) is a modernist residential housing typology developed by Le Corbusier, with the collaboration of painter-architect
Unité_d'habitation
Church in Portland, Oregon
connected residences to a proper neighborhood and community with varied building typology. Today, it still dominates the northern park of Ladd's Addition as
St. Sharbel Maronite Catholic Church
St._Sharbel_Maronite_Catholic_Church
1892–1894 anarchist terrorist campaign
with two loaded pistols, entered the building, placed the bomb on the second floor in the centre of the building—since he did not know exactly where Benoît
Ère_des_attentats
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Field
Biblical
a fox's building
Male
Chinese
building the universe.
Boy/Male
Biblical
Building.
Surname or Lastname
English (now chiefly Lancashire)
English (now chiefly Lancashire) : from an unattested Old English personal name, Wilding, a derivative of Old English wilde ‘wild’, ‘savage’. It is also possible that it may be from a topographical term derived from the same vocabulary word. Compare Wild, but early forms with prepositions are not found.German : patronymic from Wilto, a short form of a Germanic personal name beginning with wild ‘wild’.
Boy/Male
Biblical
Building me.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : either from a Middle English survival of an Old English personal name, Billing, or a habitational name from a place in Northamptonshire called Billing, probably ‘(settlement of) the followers (Old English -ingas) of a man called Bill(a)’.German : from a Germanic personal name, formed with a cognate of Old Saxon bīl ‘sword’.Danish and Norwegian : from an Old Danish personal name, Billing.Swedish : shortened form of various habitational names such as Billinge, Billingsfors, etc.
Male
African
materials for building.
Male
Chinese
building the country.
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : patronymic from Bold as a personal name.Danish : habitational name from a place so named in Jutland.
Male
Chinese
building the army.
Boy/Male
Biblical
Building; understanding.
Boy/Male
Biblical
Son; building; understanding.
Biblical
building; understanding
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Balding.
Female
Chinese
wise jade tinkling.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the unattested Old English personal name Bealding, a derivative of Beald, or in some cases a variant of Baldwin.
Surname or Lastname
English (Essex and Cambridgeshire)
English (Essex and Cambridgeshire) : probably a habitational name from a place in Kent named Birling, from an Old English personal name Bǣrla + the suffix -ingas denoting ‘family or followers’. There is also a Birling (of the same derivation) in Northumberland, but this appears not to have contributed significantly to the modern surname.
Girl/Female
Biblical
Building of God.
Girl/Female
Biblical
A fox's building.
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
BUILDING TYPOLOGY