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See searches and references containing ATTESTED LANGUAGE!ATTESTED LANGUAGE
Linguistic varieties with evidence of having existed
In linguistics, attested languages are languages (living or dead) that have been documented and for which the evidence ("attestation") has survived to
Attested_language
Ancestor of the Indo-European languages
reconstructible for Proto-Kartvelian. The Lusitanian language was a marginally attested language spoken in areas near the border between present-day Portugal
Proto-Indo-European_language
Common ancestor of a language family
proto-language is a postulated ancestral language from which a number of attested languages are believed to have descended by evolution, forming a language
Proto-language
Extinct East Germanic language
and is the only East Germanic language with a sizeable text corpus. It is the earliest Germanic language that is attested in any sizable texts, but it
Gothic_language
Language family native to Eurasia
language into the attested branches of daughter languages is historically unattested. The timeline of the evolution of the various daughter languages
Indo-European_languages
Group of languages related through a common ancestor
relationships between languages are not directly attested. For instance, the Romance languages and the North Germanic languages are also related to each
Language_family
Ancestor of the Germanic languages
Proto-Germanic language is not directly attested and has been reconstructed using the comparative method with other more archaic and earlier attested Indo-European
Proto-Germanic_language
Extinct Indo-European language
and poorly attested language, spoken in ancient times in Southeast Europe by the Thracians. The linguistic affinities of the Thracian language are poorly
Thracian_language
Languages of Eurasia before the arrival of Indo-European languages
vocabulary, language not attested) Harappan language (not attested in readable script; see Indus script) Lullubi language Vedda language Burushaski language Dravidian
Pre-Indo-European_languages
Extinct Bronze Age Indo-European language
parts of the northern Levant and Upper Mesopotamia. The language, now long extinct, is attested in cuneiform, in records dating from the 17th (Anitta text)
Hittite_language
Branch of the Afroasiatic languages
Levant respectively. The only earlier attested languages are Sumerian and Elamite (2800 BCE to 550 BCE), both language isolates, and Egyptian (c. 3000 BCE)
Semitic_languages
Language that has no demonstrable genetic relationship with other languages
are examples of language isolates, as too are well attested extinct languages such as Sumerian and Elamite. The exact number of language isolates is unknown
Language_isolate
Extinct Indo-European language of central Anatolia
an overview of this language", "Macedonian is better explained as a Greek dialect than a proper language", and "Albanian is attested as late as fourteenth
Phrygian_language
Language of ancient Sumer and Babylon
romanized: eme-gir15, lit. 'native language') was the language of ancient Sumer. It is the oldest attested language, dating back to at least 3100 BC, perhaps
Sumerian_language
Reconstructed ancestor of the Afroasiatic language family
Afroasiatic are attested as early as 3000 BC, while the languages of the Berber, Chadic, Cushitic, and Omotic branches are only attested much later, sometimes
Proto-Afroasiatic_language
Medieval Slavic literary language
slə-VON-ik, slav-ON-) is the first Slavic literary language and the oldest extant written Slavonic language attested in literary sources. It belongs to the Eastern
Old_Church_Slavonic
Salutation or greeting
Hello is a salutation or greeting in the English language. It is first attested in writing from 1826. Hello, with that spelling, was used in publications
Hello
Historic form of Sanskrit
Vedic language, is the earliest attested form of the Sanskrit and Prakrit languages: members of the Indo-Aryan subgroup of the Indo-European language family
Vedic_Sanskrit
Uto-Aztecan language of Mexico
General Aztec encompasses the Nahuatl and Pipil languages. Pochutec is a scantily attested language, which became extinct in the 20th century, and which
Nahuatl
Major division of the Niger–Congo language family
the West Atlantic languages Nalu and Rio Nunez as unclassified languages within Niger-Congo. There are a few poorly attested languages, such as Bayot and
Atlantic–Congo_languages
Bear witness, confirm or authenticate
Wiktionary The dictionary definition of attestor at Wiktionary Attested language, a language for which documented evidence exists Law, Jonathan, ed. (2022)
Attestation
Ancient language of Asia Minor
Euphrates as "Land of the Hatti" (Khatti). The heartland of the oldest attested language of Anatolia before the arrival of Hittite-speakers, ranged from Hattusa
Hattic_language
Large dialect continuum from the Levant and Mesopotamia
Sutean, a Semitic language, possibly of the Canaanite branch. Amarna Canaanite – attested only through the Canaano-Akkadian language of the Amarna letters
Canaanite_languages
Historical group of Indo-Aryan languages from 600 BCE to 1000 CE
descendants of Old Indo-Aryan (OIA; attested through Vedic Sanskrit) and the predecessors of the modern Indo-Aryan languages, such as Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu)
Middle_Indo-Aryan_languages
Branch of the Iranian languages
merging. › The Western Iranian languages or Western Iranic languages are a branch of the Iranian languages, attested from the time of Old Persian (6th
Western_Iranian_languages
Ancestor of Latin and other Italic languages
languages, most notably Latin and its descendants, the Romance languages. It is not directly attested in writing, but has been reconstructed to some degree through
Proto-Italic_language
Extinct branch of Indo-European languages
considered the earliest-attested Indo-European language. Undiscovered until the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Anatolian languages are often believed
Anatolian_languages
Branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family
attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Of the Middle Iranian languages
Iranian_languages
Utian language family of California
languages, and in 1994 there were two speakers of Lake Miwok. The best attested language is Southern Sierra Miwok, from which the name Yosemite originates
Miwok_languages
Large language family of Africa and West Asia
speakers, and many Afroasiatic languages in Africa are vulnerable or endangered. There are many well-attested Afroasiatic languages from antiquity that have
Afroasiatic_languages
Uto-Aztecan language branch of Mexico
be part of the Taracahitic languages, but this is no longer considered a valid genetic unit. The poorly attested language of the Acaxee has also been
Cahitan_languages
Language family
dozens of different related languages and dialects across Europe in pre-Roman times, but only a small number are attested: Lepontic (6th to 4th century
Continental_Celtic_languages
Standard form of the Hebrew language
Hebrew language spoken today. It is the only extant Canaanite language of the Semitic language family, as well as one of the oldest attested languages to
Modern_Hebrew
West Germanic language
Germanic language of the Indo-European language family that emerged in early medieval England and has since become a global lingua franca. The language is named
English_language
Ancient Iranian language
language family, which includes many other much more recently attested and different languages such as the Tati dialects, Talysh, the central Iranian dialects
Median_language
Extinct Yeniseian language of Russia
branch, being its only attested language. The closest known relative of Arin, Pumpokol, has been suggested to be similar to the language of the ruling elite
Arin_language
Proto-language of all the Slavic languages
proto-languages, no attested writings have been found; scholars have reconstructed the language by applying the comparative method to all the attested Slavic
Proto-Slavic_language
Bronze Age civilization on Crete and other Aegean Islands
of the Minoan language is unknown. Based on what is known, the language is regarded as unlikely to belong to a well-attested language family such as
Minoan_civilization
Ancient Indo-European language of the Hittite Empire
Luvia) – the name of the region in which the Luwians lived. Luwiya is attested, for example, in the Hittite laws. The two varieties of Luwian are known
Luwian_language
Language
possibly attested in a Middle Faliscan inscription containing the adverb foied. Like the Latin and Sabellic languages, the Faliscan language obeys a four-conjugation
Faliscan_language
Extinct Uto-Aztecan language
Zacatec language is an extinct and poorly attested language, likely of the Uto-Aztecan language family. It has been suspected to be a Nahuan language, or
Zacateco_language
Processes of understanding how earlier languages were spoken
asterisk (*) to distinguish them from attested forms. An attested word from which a root in the proto-language is reconstructed is a reflex. More generally
Linguistic_reconstruction
Extinct Italic language of central Italy
through the ending -ei, an orthographic choice that, although attested elsewhere in the language, remains uncommon. The term difue, possibly deriving from
Umbrian_language
Nilo-Saharan language family of Central Africa
the CAR, and South Sudan. Starostin (2011) notes that the poorly attested language Mimi of Decorse is suggestive of Central Sudanic, though he provisionally
Central_Sudanic_languages
Extinct Austronesian language of Kalimantan, Indonesia
speakers as of 1981. As previously mentioned above, Ampanang is a poorly attested language that only known from a list of 19 words plus its native name, and
Ampanang_language
Punjabi language uses both Gurmukhi script as well as Shahmukhi script officially but Google Translate uses Gurmukhi script only. Angika is attested to have
Languages_of_India
Reconstructed ancestor of the Albanian languages
of native words at the points of major influxes of loans from well-attested languages. In historical linguistics Proto-Albanian is broken up into different
Proto-Albanian_language
Extinct unclassified language of Peru
Tallán is an extinct and poorly attested language of the Piura Region of Peru. It is too poorly known to be definitively classified. It may have a possible
Tallán_language
Indigenous South American language family
decisions on whether a variety is a language or a dialect, changing names, and not addressing several poorly attested languages, Aikhenvald departs from Kaufman
Arawakan_languages
Old language with established literature or use
of Marathi language, attested in Yadava dynasty, 7th to 12th centuries) Classical Assamese (the earliest form of Assamese language, attested in Kamarupa
Classical_language
Extinct Indo-European languages in Asia
being mutually unintelligible. A common Proto-Tocharian language must precede the attested languages by several centuries, probably dating to the late 1st
Tocharian_languages
Extinct ancient language of Mesopotamia
symbols instead of cuneiform script. Hurrian is an extinct Hurro-Urartian language spoken by the Hurrians (Khurrites), a people who entered northern Mesopotamia
Hurrian_language
Earliest attested form of the Korean language
the sparsely attested languages of the Three Kingdoms of Korea as variants of Old Korean, while others reserve the term for the language of Silla alone
Old_Korean
Extinct ancient Phoenician language
The Punic language, also called Phoenicio-Punic or Carthaginian, is an extinct variety of the Phoenician language, a Canaanite language of the Northwest
Punic_language
Indo-Aryan language of Sri Lanka
literature. Early forms of the Sinhalese language are attested to as early as the 3rd century BCE. The language of these inscriptions, still retaining long
Sinhala_language
Proposed group of extinct languages
group of languages that is considered to be an extinct sister branch of the Mongolic languages. Para-Mongolic contains certain historically attested extinct
Para-Mongolic_languages
Extinct language in Egypt
known written languages, first recorded in the hieroglyphic script in the late 4th millennium BC, and the longest-attested human language with a written
Egyptian_language
Historical category of northern European peoples
oldest attested form of the script, called the Elder Futhark, date from 200 to 700 CE. The word rune is widely attested among Germanic languages, where
Germanic_peoples
Subgroup of the Semitic languages
speakers of East Semitic languages wandered further east, settling in Mesopotamia during the 3rd millennium BC, as attested by Akkadian texts from this
East_Semitic_languages
Romance language
Portuguese language began to diverge from their common Galician–Portuguese base from around the 11th century. Early signs of separation are attested in Galician
Portuguese_language
Extinct unclassified language of the Huns
As no inscriptions or whole sentences in the Hunnic language have been preserved, the attested corpus is very limited, consisting almost entirely of
Hunnic_language
Western Iranian language
Persian as a language name is first attested in English in the mid-16th century. Farsi, which is the Persian word for the Persian language, has also been
Persian_language
Extinct language isolate of Sudan
however accept it as Koman, though too poorly attested to be much help in reconstructing that family. The language was spoken by the inhabitants of Jebel Gule
Gule_language
Northwest Semitic language
eds., Language Environment of First Century Judaea, Brill, 2014:66–109. p. 109 "no, Ἑβραιστί does not ever appear to mean Aramaic in attested texts during
Hebrew_language
Latest stage of the Egyptian language
Afroasiatic language. It is a group of closely related Egyptian dialects, representing the most recent developments of the Egyptian language, and historically
Coptic_language
Extinct language of Colombia
Malibú (Malebú) is an extinct and poorly attested language formerly spoken in Magdalena Department in Colombia. The name "Malibú" is the word for cacique
Malibú_language
Progenitor of Old Norse
the earliest stage of a characteristically North Germanic language, and the language attested in the oldest Scandinavian Elder Futhark inscriptions, spoken
Proto-Norse_language
Extinct language family
relationship between the language families, or at least maintaining that the evidence is as yet inconclusive. The poorly-attested Kassite language is not a member
Hurro-Urartian_languages
Extinct and revitalized Slavic language
from other Slavic languages, most notably in having a strong German influence. It was close to Pomeranian and Kashubian, and is attested only in a handful
Polabian_language
Extinct and unclassified language
Amotomanco is an extinct and poorly attested language of southern Texas and northern Mexico. Only 4 words are known. Four words are known of Amotomanco
Amotomanco_language
Reconstructed ancestor of the Anatolian languages
proto-languages, no attested writings have been found; the language has been reconstructed by applying the comparative method to all the attested Anatolian
Proto-Anatolian_language
Ancient forms of the Greek language
information about the Epic and Classical periods of the language, which are the best-attested periods and considered most typical of Ancient Greek. From
Ancient_Greek
Literary form of written Chinese
The attested language of the period was probably not very different from cultured speech. The gap between the written and the spoken language began
Classical_Chinese
Division of the Semitic languages of the Levant
Semitic languages comprising indigenous languages of the Levant. It emerged from Proto-Semitic in the Early Bronze Age. It is first attested in proper
Northwest_Semitic_languages
Extinct Sino-Tibetan language
ŋwu̲1; Chinese: 西夏語; pinyin: Xīxià yǔ; lit. 'Western Xia language') is an extinct Sino‑Tibetan language, now argued to belong within the Horpa subgroup of West
Tangut_language
Arawakan language
not well attested. However, from what can be gathered, nouns appear to have had noun-class suffixes, as in other Arawakan languages. Attested Taíno possessive
Taíno_language
Dravidian language
Pondicherry. It is one of the longest-surviving classical languages in the world, attested since c. 300 BCE. Tamil was the lingua franca for early maritime
Tamil_language
Ancient language
also known as Jewish Old Palestinian[citation needed], is a well-attested language used by the communities of Judea, probably originating in the area
Imperial_Aramaic
Reconstructed ancestor language of Persian, Avestan, Kurdish, Pashto and others
Central Iranian (attested, includes Avestan and Median, ancestor of most modern Iranian languages) Old Southwest Iranian (attested, includes Old Persian
Proto-Iranian_language
Branch of the Indo-European language family
language family is being considered for merging. › ‹ The template Infobox language family is being considered for merging. › The Germanic languages are
Germanic_languages
Group of extinct Indo-European languages in the Germanic family
that East Germanic is not a valid genetic clade, as the three most attested languages conventionally identified as East Germanic (Burgundian, Vandalic,
East_Germanic_languages
Extinct Indo-European language of the Carpathian region
and Persian languages, which are completely different languages. In elaborating the phonology of Dacian, Georgiev uses plant-names attested to in Dioscorides
Dacian_language
Japonic language
Japanese (日本語, Nihongo; [ɲihoŋɡo] ) is the principal language of the Japonic language family spoken by the Japanese people. It has around 123 million speakers
Japanese_language
Language family
is descended from the language of settlers from Britain. There are a number of extinct attested Continental Celtic languages: Galatian, Lepontic, Gaulish
Celtic_languages
Hypothetical ancestor language of Arabic varieties
the hypothetical reconstructed ancestor of all the varieties of Arabic attested since the 9th century BC. There are two lines of evidence to reconstruct
Proto-Arabic_language
Ancestor of the Finnic languages
Finnic languages, which include the national languages Finnish and Estonian. Proto-Finnic is not attested in any texts, but has been reconstructed by linguists
Proto-Finnic_language
Old Iranian language
one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire)
Old_Persian
Extinct pre-Indo-European language family
Italy and Austria, named after the Rhaetian people; and the Lemnian language attested in Lemnos in the northern Aegean Sea. Camunic in northern Lombardy
Tyrsenian_languages
Central Semitic language
prestige as inscriptional languages. In Najd and parts of western Arabia, a language known to scholars as Thamudic C is attested. In eastern Arabia, inscriptions
Arabic
most common language in the Arabian Peninsula today is Arabic. In pre-Islamic Arabia, linguistic diversity was more common, as attested by tens of thousands
Languages of pre-Islamic Arabia
Languages_of_pre-Islamic_Arabia
Dravidian language
play known as the Charition mime. The earliest well-attested example of a full-length Kannada language stone inscription containing Brahmi characters with
Kannada
Direct descendants of Vulgar Latin
Latin is a very well attested ancient language, some amateur linguists have even constructed Romance languages that mirror real languages that developed from
Romance_languages
Language spoken in the Xiongnu empire
confederation which existed from the 3rd century BCE to 100 AD. It is sparsely attested, and the extant material available on it comprises about 150 words, as
Xiongnu_language
Extinct Eastern Iranian language of Asia
language accordingly vanished from official use and only Bactrian was later attested. The Greek script, however, remained and was used to write Bactrian. The
Bactrian_language
Extinct language of ancient Italy
and Paleo-European language, closely related to the Raetic language that was spoken in the Alps, and to the Lemnian language, attested in a few inscriptions
Etruscan_language
Earliest attested Turkic language
Khaganate, and later the Uyghur Khaganate, making it the earliest attested Common Turkic language. In terms of the datability of extant written sources, the
Old_Turkic
Language family of northern Japan and neighboring islands
historically attested extent of the family was due to a relatively recent expansion northward. No genealogical relationship between Ainu and any other language family
Ainu_languages
Branch of the Indo-Iranian languages
which is directly attested as Vedic and Mitanni-Aryan. Despite the great archaicity of Vedic, however, the other Indo-Aryan languages preserve a small
Indo-Aryan_languages
Early form of the Frisian language
are attested in the surviving texts. Old Frisian is the common ancestor of all modern Frisian languages except for the Insular North Frisian languages, with
Old_Frisian
Extinct Sino-Tibetan language of Tibet
zhung) is an extinct Sino-Tibetan language that was spoken in Zhangzhung in what is now western Tibet. It is attested in a bilingual text called A Cavern
Zhang-Zhung_language
ATTESTED LANGUAGE
ATTESTED LANGUAGE
Boy/Male
Tamil
Rikshit | ரீகà¯à®·à®¿à®¤
Tested one, Proven (son of Abhimanyu)
Rikshit | ரீகà¯à®·à®¿à®¤
Girl/Female
Hindu
Name of An ancient king, Tested one or proven (son of Abhimanyu)
Surname or Lastname
English
English : of uncertain origin; possibly from an unattested Old English person name HÌ„nci.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Stebbins 1.English : from an unattested Old English nickname Stybbing ‘stumpy one’.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Evidence; Clear; Manifest; Present; Attested; Proved
Girl/Female
Tamil
Parikshith | பரீகà¯à®·à¯€à®¤
Name of An ancient king, Tested one or proven (son of Abhimanyu)
Parikshith | பரீகà¯à®·à¯€à®¤
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from an unattested Old German personal name Werric (Old French Guerri).
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Lord Shiva Attended by the Divine Mother
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Creasy. There is probably no connection with modern English crease, which is first attested in the 16th century, from earlier crest.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from an unattested Old English personal name Wealding.English : topographic name from an unattested Old English word, wealding ‘forest dweller’, from weald ‘forest’.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : probably from an unattested Middle English word hoping, denoting a dweller in a valley (see Hope).
Boy/Male
French, Hindu, Indian, Japanese, Sanskrit
Attended by the Divine Mother
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Tested; Name of an Ancient King; Son of Abhimanyu
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Person who has been Tested; Name of King
Surname or Lastname
English (Leicestershire)
English (Leicestershire) : from a Middle English pet form (with the diminutive suffix -cok) of an unattested Old English personal name, Pydda.
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon)
English (Devon) : from an unattested Old English personal name, Mugga.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Tested one, Proven (son of Abhimanyu)
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from an Old English female name, Goldgifu, which is not independently attested but is found as an element of place names.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name for someone from Thirsk in North Yorkshire, named from an unattested Old Scandinavian word, thresk ‘marsh’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Stockhow in Cumbria, first attested in 1581 as Stackay.
ATTESTED LANGUAGE
ATTESTED LANGUAGE
Boy/Male
Tamil
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Night; Nocturnal
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : variant of Anctil.English : possibly a habitational name from Ampthill in Bedfordshire, named from Old English ǣmette ‘ants’ + hyll ‘hill’, or from an Ampthill, now lost, in Cumbria.
Female
Hebrew
(ש×ֶבַע) Short form of Hebrew Bathsheba, SHEBA means "daughter of the oath." Compare with another form of Sheba.
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Remembered by God.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Amrutheswar | அமரதேஸà¯à®µà®°
Name of Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Sikh
Saint, Holy person, Tranquility
Boy/Male
Sikh
The supporter of righteousness
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from any of various places in France called Gamaches (see Gamache).
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil, Telugu
Joy
ATTESTED LANGUAGE
ATTESTED LANGUAGE
ATTESTED LANGUAGE
ATTESTED LANGUAGE
ATTESTED LANGUAGE
n.
Alt. of Attestor
n.
Witness; testimony; attestation.
n.
One who attests.
v. t.
To bear witness to; to certify; to affirm to be true or genuine; as, to attest the truth of a writing, a copy of record.
v. t.
To prove or show by an attested copy.
imp. & p. p.
of Arrest
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Attest
imp. & p. p.
of Obtest
v. t.
To call to witness; to invoke.
n.
Vested with all due formalities, and legally attested.
a.
Attended with cruetly; painful; harsh.
imp. & p. p.
of Test
v. t.
To give proof of; to manifest; as, the ruins of Palmyra attest its ancient magnificence.
a.
Attended with risk or danger; hazardous.
imp. & p. p.
of Attest
a.
Not taken or arrested.
imp. & p. p.
of Detest
imp. & p. p.
of Attend
v. t.
To taste or cause to taste.
imp. & p. p.
of Attempt