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Calendar year
Year 1261 (MCCLXI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. March 13 – Treaty of Nymphaeum: Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos signs
1261
1st Abbasid Caliph in Mamluk Cairo (died 1261)
November 1261) was the first Abbasid caliph to rule in Cairo and who was subservient to the Mamluk Sultanate. He reigned from June 1261 to 28 November 1261. Abu'l-Qasim
Al-Mustansir_II
Capital of the Eastern Roman and Ottoman empires
became the capital of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire (395–1204 and 1261–1453). The Western Roman Empire ended in 476 or 480. In the aftermath of
Constantinople
Largest city in Turkey
(330–395), the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire (395–1204 and 1261–1453), the Latin Empire (1204–1261), and the Ottoman Empire (1453–1922). It was instrumental
Istanbul
Siege by the Ilkhanate against the Zengids of Mosul
The Siege of Mosul took place from late 1261 to July–August 1262, during the Mamluk–Ilkhanate War. Mosul's ruler Badr al-Din Lu'lu' had made a gesture
Siege_of_Mosul_(1261)
Nicaean–Genoese trade and defense treaty
between the Empire of Nicaea and the Republic of Genoa in Nymphaion in March 1261. This treaty would have a major impact on both the restored Byzantine Empire
Treaty_of_Nymphaeum_(1261)
Conflicts following the Fourth Crusade
Nicenes under Michael Palaiologos ultimately captured Constantinople in 1261, restoring the Byzantine Empire. Conflicts resulting from the struggle for
Struggle for Constantinople (1204–1261)
Struggle_for_Constantinople_(1204–1261)
Ruler of the Latin Empire (1204–61)
(1204) and lasting until the city was reconquered by the Byzantine Greeks in 1261. Its name derives from its Catholic and Western European ("Latin") nature
Latin_Emperor
US Navy ship in WWII
USS PC-1261 was a PC-461-class submarine chaser built for the United States Navy during World War II. She was the first ship sunk during the D-Day landings
USS_PC-1261
Turkish Empire (c. 1299–1922)
Anatolia) Medieval Age Medieval Anatolia Eastern Roman Empire (330–1453; 1204-1261 in exile as Empire of Nicaea) Rashidun Caliphate (637–656) Great Seljuk State
Ottoman_Empire
This article covers 1261 in poetry. October 9 – Denis of Portugal (died 1325), king, Galician–Portuguese troubadour and patron Immanuel the Roman (died
1261_in_poetry
Jerez by King Alfonso X of Castile took place in 1261 (in A.H. 659 [6 December 1260–25 November 1261], according to Ibn ʿIdhārī), presumably in the late
Siege_of_Jerez_(1261)
27 BC–476/1453 AD state and civilization
established the Latin Empire. The city remained under foreign rule until 1261, when it was captured by the Empire of Nicaea (a Byzantine/Roman successor
Roman_Empire
British science fiction TV series (1963–2025)
Commonwealth Literature. 45 (2): 207–225. doi:10.1177/0021989410366891. hdl:10440/1261. ISSN 0021-9894. S2CID 142983255. Archived from the original on 19 December
Doctor_Who
Emperor of Nicaea from 1258 to 1261
fourth emperor of the Nicaean Empire from August 16, 1258 to December 25, 1261, one of the Greek successor states formed after the Sack of Constantinople
John_IV_Doukas_Laskaris
Byzantine emperor from 1261 to 1282
Byzantine emperor from 1261 until his death in 1282, and previously as the co-emperor of the Empire of Nicaea from 1259 to 1261. Michael VIII was the founder
Michael_VIII_Palaiologos
Crusader state that replaced the Byzantine Empire from 1204–1261
Byzantine Empire. It existed from 1204 C.E until its disestablishment in 1261 C.E. The Latin Empire was intended to replace the Byzantine Empire as the
Latin_Empire
Apartment building in Manhattan, New York
1261 Madison Avenue is an apartment building on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City, New York, US. It was built between 1900 and 1901 and
1261_Madison_Avenue
Country in northwestern Europe
February 2013. Carl Skutsch (2013). Encyclopedia of the World's Minorities. pp.1261. Routledge. Retrieved 3 December 2020. Booth, Robert (30 January 2013). "Polish
United_Kingdom
1261 battle between the Latin and Nicaean Empires
Reconquest of Constantinople was the recapture of the city of Constantinople in 1261 AD from the Latin Empire by Nicaean forces led by the general Alexios Strategopoulos
Reconquest_of_Constantinople
Head of the Catholic Church from 1254 to 1261
1185 or 1199 – 25 May 1261) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 December 1254 to his death in 1261. In 1255, Alexander
Pope_Alexander_IV
The 1261 papal election (26 May – 29 August) took place after the death of Pope Alexander IV on 25 May and chose Pope Urban IV as his successor. Since
1261_papal_election
Country in North Africa
Caliphate c. 973 • Ayyubid dynasty inaugurated c. 1171 • Mamluk Egypt c. 1261 • Alawiyya dynasty inaugurated 9 July 1805 • Declaration of Independence
Egypt
Latin Emperor from 1228 to 1261
his reign in mendicant tours in western Europe. On the night of 24 July 1261, a group of soldiers under Alexios Strategopoulos entered Constantinople
Baldwin_II,_Latin_Emperor
Head of the Catholic Church from 1261 to 1264
head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 29 August 1261 to his death three years later. He was elected pope without being a cardinal;
Pope_Urban_IV
Soviet military early warning satellite
Kosmos 1261 (Russian: Космос 1261 meaning Cosmos 1261) was a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1981 as part of the Soviet
Kosmos_1261
Byzantine prince
Constantine Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: Κωνσταντῖνος Παλαιολόγος; 1261 – 5 May 1306) was a Byzantine prince of the Palaiologos dynasty, who also
Constantine Palaiologos (son of Michael VIII)
Constantine_Palaiologos_(son_of_Michael_VIII)
Private estate in Los Angeles, California, United States
The Pritzker Estate is a private residence located at 1261 Angelo Drive in the city of Los Angeles, in which the structure ranks as the second largest
Pritzker_Estate
Private, non-profit research institution in US
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) is a private, non-profit institution with research programs focusing on cancer, neuroscience, botany, genomics, and
Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory
Byzantine rump state (1204–1261)
surrounding environs. Founded by the Laskaris family, it lasted from 1204 to 1261, when the Nicenes restored the Byzantine Empire after they recaptured Constantinople
Empire_of_Nicaea
United Nations resolution adopted in 1999
United Nations Security Council resolution 1261, adopted unanimously on 25 August 1999, in the first resolution to address the topic, the Council condemned
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1261
United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1261
(1252), permitting the torture of heretics. 181 12 December 1254 – 25 May 1261 (6 years, 164 days) Alexander IV ALEXANDER Quartus Rinaldo dei Conti di Segni
List_of_popes
Continuation of the Roman Empire (330–1453)
states and Latin realms. Despite the eventual recovery of Constantinople in 1261, the reconstituted empire wielded only regional power during its final two
Byzantine_Empire
Globular cluster in the constellation Horologium
NGC 1261 (also known as Caldwell 87) is a globular cluster of stars in the southern constellation of Horologium, first discovered by Scottish astronomer
NGC_1261
Grand Duke (1236–1251) and King (c. 1251–1263) of Lithuania
were challenged by the Tatars. He broke peace with the Livonian Order in 1261, possibly renouncing Christianity, and was assassinated in 1263 by his nephew
Mindaugas
Head of the Catholic Church from 1265 to 1268
Bishop of Le Puy (1257–1260), Archbishop of Narbonne (1259–1261), Cardinal of Sabina (1261–1265), and head of the Catholic Church from 5 February 1265
Pope_Clement_IV
Period of Greek history following the Fourth Crusade (1204)
re-conquered many areas. While the Byzantine Empire itself was restored in 1261, many Greek areas nonetheless remained under the control of "Franks", especially
Frankokratia
Counts Palatine of the Rhine, Counts Palatine of Lotharingia, and Elector Palatines
Kingdom of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire between 915 and 1803. From 1261 (formally 1356), the title holder was a member of the small group of prince-electors
List of counts palatine of the Rhine
List_of_counts_palatine_of_the_Rhine
Topics referred to by the same term
Exxon Building may refer to: Exxon Building (New York) ExxonMobil Building, Houston, formerly the Exxon Building and Humble Building 1555 Poydras, New
Exxon_Building
External genitalia of the female mammal
excess". Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism. 13 (Suppl 5): 1261–3. PMID 11117666. "Sweating and body odor: Causes". Mayo Clinic. Archived
Vulva
Head of the Catholic Church from 1277 to 1280
protector of the Franciscans by Pope Alexander IV (1254–1261), inquisitor-general by Pope Urban IV (1261–64), and succeeded Pope John XXI (1276–1277) after
Pope_Nicholas_III
Queen of Norway from 1281 to 1283
Alexandersdotter; Scottish Gaelic: Maighread Nic Rìgh Alasdair; 28 February 1261 – 9 April 1283) was Queen of Norway as the wife of King Eric II. She is sometimes
Margaret of Scotland, Queen of Norway
Margaret_of_Scotland,_Queen_of_Norway
Queen consort of Hungary (1261–1303)
Sicilijanska, Slovak: Alžbeta Sicílska., Italian: Elisabetta di Sicilia; 1261–1303) was Queen of Hungary by marriage to Ladislaus IV of Hungary. Elizabeth
Elizabeth of Sicily, Queen of Hungary
Elizabeth_of_Sicily,_Queen_of_Hungary
Second-largest city in Greece
Thessalonica. Donald MacGillivray Nicol (1993). The last centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521439916. Archived from the original
Thessaloniki
Simon I, Lord of Lippe (c. 1261 – 10 August 1344) ruled Lippe from 1275 until his death in 1344. He was the son of Bernard IV and Agnes of Cleves. He was
Simon_I,_Lord_of_Lippe
Heroic outlaw in English folklore
recounting his exploits, but hints and allusions found in various works. From 1261 onward, the names "Robinhood", "Robehod", or "Robbehod" occur in the rolls
Robin_Hood
Biblical figure and Israelite monarch
Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era, A.D. 843–1261. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 86. ISBN 9780870997778. Retrieved 2018-03-05
David
Dark Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt
1261 Legia, provisional designation 1933 FB, is a dark Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 32 kilometers in
1261_Legia
Events from the year 1261 in Ireland. Lord: Henry III Battle of Callann: John fitz Thomas of Desmond and his heir are defeated and killed by Finghin MacCarthy
1261_in_Ireland
short-lived, as the dynasty ended with the Mongol Sack of Baghdad in 1258. In 1261, the Abbasid dynasty was re-established by a cadet branch of the dynasty
List_of_Abbasid_caliphs
Former university in Northampton, England
Northampton, England, from 1261 to 1265. The university was established by royal charter after approval from King Henry III in 1261. It was the third university
University of Northampton (13th century)
University_of_Northampton_(13th_century)
13th-century English noblewoman
Ela of Salisbury, 3rd Countess of Salisbury (1187 – 24 August 1261) was an English peeress. She succeeded to the title in her own right in 1196 upon the
Ela of Salisbury, 3rd Countess of Salisbury
Ela_of_Salisbury,_3rd_Countess_of_Salisbury
Turco-Mongol conqueror (1320s–1405)
S2CID 242682831. Nicol, Donald M. (1993). The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521439916. Riasanovsky, Nicholas
Timur
Burgrave of Nuremberg (1186–1261)
Conrad I of Nuremberg (c. 1186 – 1261) was a Burgrave of Nuremberg of the House of Hohenzollern. He was the elder son of Frederick I of Nuremberg and Sophie
Conrad I, Burgrave of Nuremberg
Conrad_I,_Burgrave_of_Nuremberg
The history of the Arabs is recorded to have begun in the mid-9th century BCE, corresponding with the earliest known attestation of Old Arabic. Arab ancestry
History_of_the_Arabs
French Roman Catholic bishop (1260s–1331)
Gui (French: [ɡi]), also known as Bernardo Gui or Bernardus Guidonis (c. 1261/62 – 30 December 1331), was a Limousin Dominican friar, Bishop of Lodève
Bernard_Gui
Mosque and former church in Istanbul, Turkey
Constantinople in the Byzantine liturgical tradition, except for the period 1204–1261 when the Latin Crusaders installed their own hierarchy. After the fall of
Hagia_Sophia
a member of the House of Schauenburg. He was Count of Holstein-Kiel from 1261 until his death. John was the eldest son of Count Adolf IV of Schauenburg
John I, Count of Holstein-Kiel
John_I,_Count_of_Holstein-Kiel
Yadava king from 1246 to 1261
Krishna (IAST: Kṛṣṇa; r. c. 1246–1261 CE), also known as Kanha or Kannara, was a ruler of the Seuna (Yadava) dynasty of Deccan region in India. He successfully
Krishna_of_Devagiri
Italian legal academic (1209–1261)
Bettisia Gozzadini (1209 – 2 November 1261), was a Bolognese jurist who lectured at the University of Bologna from about 1239. Gozzadini was born in the
Bettisia_Gozzadini
Empire in Eurasia from 1206-1368
fell quickly to Kublai, but Ariq Böke rallied and re-took the capital in 1261. In southwestern Ilkhanate, Hulagu was loyal to his brother Kublai, but clashes
Mongol_Empire
Titular Latin Emperor from 1273 to 1283
Constantinople from 1273–1283, although Constantinople had been reinstated since 1261 to the Byzantine Empire; he lived in exile and only held authority over Crusader
Philip_I,_Latin_Emperor
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (r. 1444–1446, 1451–1481)
Kaki (d. 1235) Mu'in al-Din Chishti (d. 1236) Saif ed-Din al-Boharsi (d. 1261) Baba Farid (d. 1266) Rumi (d. 1273) Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi (d. after
Mehmed_II
Tsar of Russia from 1547 to 1584
Alexander Nevsky, Grand Prince of Vladimir, 1221–1263 Daniel, Prince of Moscow, 1261–1303 Ivan I, Grand Prince of Vladimir and Moscow, 1288–1341 Ivan II, Grand
Ivan_the_Terrible
Castle in London, England
of London, and held parliament there on at least two occasions (1236 and 1261) when he felt that the barons were becoming dangerously unruly. In 1258,
Tower_of_London
assumed power, Bahaa was restored to the position of vizier in February 1261 with the advice of Sheikh al-Islam al-Izz ibn Abd al-Salam, who said that
Bahaa_el-Din_bin_Hanna
Prince of Moscow (1261–1303)
Daniil Aleksandrovich (Russian: Даниил Александрович; 1261 – 5 March 1303), also known as Daniil of Moscow, was the youngest son of Alexander Nevsky and
Daniel_of_Moscow
King of Norway from 1263 to 1280
kingdom. His father gave him the title of king the same year. On 11 September 1261, he married Ingeborg, the daughter of King Eric IV of Denmark, after she
Magnus_the_Lawmender
ending a war between Denmark and Norway that had started the year before. 1261 11 September – Prince Magnus married Princess Ingeborg of Denmark in Bergen
13th_century_in_Norway
Emperor of Nicaea from 1254 to 1258
on 25 July 1261. Michael VIII was crowned for the second time, alone, in the Hagia Sophia. The child John IV was blinded on 25 December 1261, which prevented
Theodore_II_Laskaris
Family of birds
Elsevier BV: 817–820. Bibcode:1993AnBeh..46..817C. doi:10.1006/anbe.1993.1261. Chavez-Ramirez F, Dowd M (1992). "Arthropod Feeding by Two Dominican Hummingbird
Hummingbird
Autonomous territory of Denmark
entered from the north. Norse Greenlanders submitted to Norwegian rule in 1261 under the Kingdom of Norway. The Kingdom of Norway entered a personal union
Greenland
Pharaoh of Egypt from 1279 to 1213 BC
In year eighteen, Ramesses erected a stele at Beth Shean, on 19 January 1261 BC. In Year 21 of Ramesses's reign, he concluded a peace treaty with the
Ramesses_II
King of Ailech
however his brother Niall Culanach contested the kingship and sized it in 1261, holding it until Hugh Boy expelled him from it in 1262 and killed his main
Hugh_Boy_O'Neill
German duchess (c. 1210–1261)
Matilda of Brandenburg (also called Mechthild; c. 1210 – 10 June 1261), a member of the House of Ascania, was first Duchess consort of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Matilda of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Matilda_of_Brandenburg,_Duchess_of_Brunswick-Lüneburg
Cancer of the colon or rectum
Mental health in colorectal cancer survivorship". Psycho-Oncology. 25 (11): 1261–1270. doi:10.1002/pon.3954. PMC 4894828. PMID 26315692. Reynolds LM, Consedine
Colorectal_cancer
Topics referred to by the same term
Alexander II (1061–1073) Pope Alexander III (1159–1181) Pope Alexander IV (1254–1261) Antipope Alexander V (1409–1410) Pope Alexander VI (1492–1503) Pope Alexander
Pope_Alexander
Emperor of Japan from 1260 to 1274
an adult Emperor): Takatsukasa (Fujiwara) Kanehira (1255–1261) Nijō (Fujiwara) Yoshizane (1261–1265) Ichijō (Fujiwara) Sanetsune (1265–1267) Konoe (Fujiwara)
Emperor_Kameyama
Queen consort of Bohemia from 1261 to 1278
of Bohemia (ca. 1233 – 1278) in Pressburg (now Bratislava) on 25 October 1261. Ottokar was paternally a member of the Přemyslid dynasty whose marriage
Kunigunda_of_Halych
1204 conquest during the Fourth Crusade
being the Empire of Nicaea, which eventually recaptured Constantinople in 1261 and proclaimed the reinstatement of the Empire. However, the restored Empire
Sack_of_Constantinople
Polish prince (c. 1211 – 1267)
Kuyavia after 1233, ruler over Ląd from 1239–1261, ruler over Wyszogród after 1242, Duke of Sieradz from 1247–1261, Duke of Łęczyca after 1247, and Duke of
Casimir_I_of_Kuyavia
American immunologist (born 1940)
director wins Canada Gairdner Global Health Award". The Lancet. 387 (10025): 1261. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30050-2. PMC 7137847. PMID 27017308. Alexander
Anthony_Fauci
Ancient Greek city of Asia Minor
Crusade in 1204, until the recapture of Constantinople by the Byzantines in 1261. Nicaea was also the capital of the Ottomans from 1331 to 1335. The ancient
Nicaea
the rulers of Greenland: The Norse Colony of Greenland (982–1261) The Kingdom of Norway (1261–1814) The personal union of Norway and Sweden (1319–1343)
List_of_Greenlandic_rulers
Queen of the Romans (1225–1261)
Sanchia of Provence (c. 1225 – 9 November 1261) was Queen of the Romans from 1257 until her death in 1261 as the wife of King Richard. Sanchia was the
Sanchia_of_Provence
forces in South Wales. 22 August – truce agreed between England and Wales. 1261 Early – following disputes, northern academics from the University of Cambridge
1260s_in_England
Latin Empress from 1234 to 1261
some date between June 1258 and 1 May 1261. The imperial couple would not hold their capital for long. In July 1261, Alexios Strategopoulos, a general of
Marie_of_Brienne
13th-century illegitimate son of King John
Battle of Lewes), a prominent justice. She died shortly before 11 February 1261, when there was a grant of her lands and heirs to the Queen, Eleanor of Provence
Richard_FitzRoy
LeBlanc (1253–1258 Foulques de Saint-Michel (1256–1258) Humbert de Pairaud (1261–1264) Amaury de la Roche (1265–1271) Jean le François (1277–1281) Guillaume
List_of_Knights_Templar
Life arising from non-living matter
an RNA-focused synthesis and narrative". RNA. 29 (8): 1092–1094. doi:10.1261/rna.079598.123. PMC 10351881. PMID 37142437. Yarus, Michael (April 2011)
Abiogenesis
1453 Ottoman conquest of the Byzantine capital
throne. The Nicaeans eventually reconquered Constantinople from the Latins in 1261, reestablishing the Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty. Thereafter
Fall_of_Constantinople
of Holstein-Kiel was a line of the House of Schauenburg and Holstein from 1261 to 1390. The County of Holstein was ruled until 1238 by Adolphus IV of Schauenburg
Holstein-Kiel
2013 novel by Edward Rutherfurd
Edward Rutherfurd published in 2013, which charts the history of Paris from 1261 to 1968. The novel follows six core families set in locales such as Montmartre
Paris_(Rutherfurd_novel)
Country in West Asia
Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era, A.D. 843-1261. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 361. ISBN 978-0-87099-777-8. OCLC 1008249298
Armenia
Genitourinary organ
in anatomy This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 1261 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918) pelvis at The Anatomy Lesson
Mesosalpinx
1395 battle between the Ottomans and Wallachians
2013, p. 482. Baştav, Şerif (1989). Bizans imparatorluğu tarihi: son devir, 1261-1461 Osmanlı Türk - Bizans münasebetleri. Türk kültürünü araştırma enstitüsü
Battle_of_Rovine
ISBN 978-1-40943-608-9. Nicol, Donald M. (1993). Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453. London: University of London. ISBN 978-0-52143-991-6. Norwich, John
List_of_Byzantine_emperors
are often seen as the "legitimate" emperors during the interregnum of 1204–1261), and 4 ruling empresses for a total of 178 monarchs. Also included are 34
List_of_Roman_emperors
Period of Byzantine history from 1261 to 1453
Empire was ruled by emperors of the Palaiologos dynasty in the period between 1261 and 1453, from the restoration of Byzantine rule to Constantinople by the
Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty
Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Palaiologos_dynasty
until the reconquest of Constantinople in 1261. Constantinople was captured by the Empire of Nicaea on 25 July 1261. The Emperor and his court arrived to
List of bishops and Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople
List_of_bishops_and_Ecumenical_Patriarchs_of_Constantinople
1261
1261
1261
1261
Girl/Female
Latin
Wife of Neptune.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Growth
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Unparalleled Kindness; Extremely Good Looking
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil, Telugu
Hanuman; Similar to Sanjay
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Danish, French, German, Hebrew
Lady; Bitter
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Eyes of Lord Sai
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dalapathi | தலாபதீ
Leader of a group
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Responsive
Surname or Lastname
English and North German
English and North German : occupational name for a maker of pins or pegs (or alternatively, in the case of the German name, a metonymic occupational name for a shoemaker), a derivative of Pinn, with the addition of the agent suffix -er.English : occupational name for a maker or user of combs, Anglo-Norman French peigner, an agent derivative of peigne ‘comb’.English : habitational name from Pinner, now part of northwest London, which derives its name from Old English pinn ‘pin’, ‘peg’ + Åra ‘slope’, ‘ridge’, describing a projecting hill spur.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name for someone from Pinne (Polish Pniewy) near PoznaÅ„.German : habitational name for someone from a place called Pinnan or Pinne.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
King; Morality; Superior; Romantic Morality
1261
1261
1261
1261
1261