AI & ChatGPT searches , social queriess for VARIOLATION
Search references for VARIOLATION. Phrases containing VARIOLATION
See searches and references containing VARIOLATION!
Search references for VARIOLATION. Phrases containing VARIOLATION
See searches and references containing VARIOLATION!VARIOLATION
Former method of smallpox immunisation
Variolation was the method of inoculation first used to immunize individuals against smallpox (Variola) with material taken from a patient or a recently
Variolation
Vaccine against Variola virus
flourishing variolation practice, may have considered this option but used smallpox instead. He thought vaccination offered no advantage over variolation, but
Smallpox_vaccine
as variolation, was first practiced in China in the 10th century. Methods of carrying out the procedure varied depending upon location. Variolation was
History_of_smallpox
Preparation for acquired immunity to disease
infections. The first recorded use of inoculation to prevent smallpox (see variolation) occurred in the 16th century in China, with the earliest hints of the
Vaccine
English physician (1749–1823)
School and in Cirencester. During this time, Jenner was inoculated (by variolation) for smallpox, which had a lifelong effect upon his general health. At
Edward_Jenner
Method of inducing immunity against disease
natural infection. Until the early 1800s inoculation referred only to variolation (from the Latin word variola = smallpox), the predecessor to the smallpox
Inoculation
African man enslaved in Boston
Puritan clergyman Cotton Mather, to the principle and procedure of the variolation method of inoculation, which prevented smallpox and laid the foundation
Onesimus_(Bostonian)
Administration of a vaccine to protect against disease
inoculation was most likely smallpox, with the first recorded use of variolation occurring in the 16th century in China. It was also the first disease
Vaccination
American Founding Father and polymath (1706–1790)
fleeces on their backs imaginable." The concept of preventing smallpox by variolation was introduced to colonial America by an African slave named Onesimus
Benjamin_Franklin
2007). "Public Health, Culture, and Colonial Medicine: Smallpox and Variolation in Palestine during the British Mandate". Public Health Reports. 122
List of epidemics and pandemics
List_of_epidemics_and_pandemics
Inoculation
earliest recorded artificial induction of immunity in humans was by variolation or inoculation, which is the controlled infection of a subject with a
Artificial induction of immunity
Artificial_induction_of_immunity
English writer and poet (1689–1762)
18th century, Europeans began an experiment known as inoculation or variolation to prevent, not cure the smallpox. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu defied convention
Lady_Mary_Wortley_Montagu
Reluctance or refusal of vaccines
introduced the smallpox vaccine in 1798, variolation declined and was banned in some countries. As with variolation, there was some religious opposition to
Vaccine_hesitancy
Eradicated viral disease
smallpox was inoculation with variola minor virus (a method later known as variolation after the introduction of smallpox vaccine to avoid possible confusion)
Smallpox
Empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796
Griffiths, J. (1984). "Doctor Thomas Dimsdale, and Smallpox in Russia: The Variolation of the Empress Catherine the Great". Bristol Medico-Chirurgical Journal
Catherine_the_Great
Office of the Republic of Venice
Magistrato alla Sanità was the second health provider in Italy to introduce variolation, which had only recently been introduced to Europe from eastern schools
Magistrato_alla_Sanità
State of being insusceptible or resistant to a noxious agent or process
avoid confusion, smallpox inoculation was increasingly referred to as variolation, and it became common practice to use this term without regard for chronology
Immunity_(medicine)
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness
smallpox vaccine at the end of the 18th century (inspired by the method of variolation originated in ancient China), Robert Koch's discoveries around 1880 of
Medicine
Princess of Orange from 1734 to 1751
and two years later her mother helped to popularise the practice of variolation (an early type of immunisation against smallpox), which had been witnessed
Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
Anne,_Princess_Royal_and_Princess_of_Orange
1633 smallpox outbreak
individuals also responded by leaving the area to avoid the disease. Variolation was known as inoculation in Massachusetts during this time period. This
Massachusetts smallpox epidemic
Massachusetts_smallpox_epidemic
Chinese pediatrician (1495–1585)
or overmedicating. Wan was the first individual to have written about variolation, an early smallpox vaccination technique, in his treatise Douzhen Xinfa
Wan_Quan
British princess (1711–1786)
inoculated against smallpox by an early type of immunisation known as variolation, which had been brought to England from Constantinople by Lady Mary Wortley
Princess Amelia of Great Britain
Princess_Amelia_of_Great_Britain
British prince (1780–1782)
of inoculation, and she had the royal children undergo the procedure. Variolation, its precursor, was popularised in Britain when the daughters of King
Prince Alfred of Great Britain
Prince_Alfred_of_Great_Britain
French chemist, pharmacist and microbiologist (1822–1895)
been known for a long time for smallpox. Inoculation with smallpox (variolation) was known to result in a much less severe disease, and greatly reduced
Louis_Pasteur
Contributions of women to the field of science
Montagu defied convention by introducing smallpox inoculation through variolation to Western medicine after witnessing it during her travels in the Ottoman
Women_in_science
American planter (1674–1744)
Fredericksburg. A member of the Royal Society, Byrd was an early advocate of variolation to counter smallpox. He may be known best for writing his diary and narratives
William_Byrd_II
Puritan clergyman (1663–1728)
out original research on plant hybridization. He also researched the variolation method of inoculation as a means of preventing smallpox contagion, which
Cotton_Mather
British princess (1713–1757)
the direction of her mother, she was inoculated against smallpox by variolation, an early type of immunisation popularised by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
Princess Caroline of Great Britain
Princess_Caroline_of_Great_Britain
Disease of humans and animals
method for inoculating people against smallpox than the previous method, variolation, which still resulted in a form of the disease, albeit milder, that still
Cowpox
Together with another Greek doctor called Emmanuel Timoni, he introduced variolation to Western Europe through their writing from Constantinople. Ben-Menahem
Giacomo_Pylarini
Queen of Great Britain and Ireland from 1727 to 1737
discussion of the 18th century. She helped to popularise the practice of variolation (an early type of immunisation), which had been witnessed by Lady Mary
Caroline_of_Ansbach
Act to vaccinate Indian Americans for smallpox
Inoculation Edward Jenner Smallpox Vaccine James Smith Vaccine Act of 1813 John Redman Coxe Valentine Seaman Norfolk Anti-Inoculation Riot of 1768 Variolation
Indian Vaccination Act of 1832
Indian_Vaccination_Act_of_1832
English medical practitioner, dramatist, and journalist
Houlton the elder was put on a salary to promote the Suttonian method of variolation (inoculation against smallpox), by Daniel Sutton, son of the method's
Robert_Houlton
Pharaoh in the ancient Egypt
the point of eradication in the 1970s." The advent of vaccination, or variolation in China and Japan during the middle ages, could have altered the relative
Ramesses_V
Ottoman Greek physician (1669-1718/1720)
Timoni and Giacomo Pylarini were responsible for introducing the idea of variolation to the United Kingdom when they independently wrote letters on the subject
Emmanuel_Timoni
Maharaja of Mysore from 1799 to 1868
Hickey, 1805. The two queens in the painting are thought to advertise vaccination over variolation, as they display the respective traces on their skin.
Krishnaraja_Wodeyar_III
Phase of clinical research in medicine
inoculation (then called variolation) to prevent smallpox, arranged for seven prisoners who had been sentenced to death to undergo variolation in exchange for
Clinical_trial
Novel by Kim Stanley Robinson
Continents") made his way to the Hodenosaunee and taught them about variolation, blunting the impact of smallpox epidemics on their civilization. Fromwest
The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt
English surgeon and apothecary (1738–1824)
(purposefully infected with smallpox) but that one did not react at all to variolation. On questioning, this subject had never had smallpox, but had previously
John_Fewster
Auxiliary unit of the British Army
leaving Southampton the regiment had been inoculated against smallpox (Variolation) and the people of Chichester were frightened by the men showing mild
South Hampshire Light Infantry Militia
South_Hampshire_Light_Infantry_Militia
UK Acts of Parliament, 1840 to 1907
Vict. c. 29): Made variolation illegal. Provided optional vaccination free of charge. In general, the disadvantages of variolation are the same as those
Vaccination_Act
Disease outbreak in Boston, USA
case of pox that conferred lifetime immunity. Mather wanted to prove variolation was a relatively safe and effective procedure to protect people against
1721_Boston_smallpox_outbreak
Practice used in the pork industry
unlawful" and has filed a lawsuit against one pig farm for its use. Variolation – former immunization method with similar concept Ventilation shutdown
Feedback_(pork_industry)
AD, Chinese were the first to develop a form of vaccination, known as variolation or inoculation, to prevent smallpox. Chinese physicians had realised
Traditional_Chinese_medicine
French physician
advocated the preventive inoculation of syphilis, on the model of the variolation, and dedicated his life to this idea that posterity has not ratified
Joseph-Alexandre Auzias-Turenne
Joseph-Alexandre_Auzias-Turenne
(EIC). On her first voyage she participated in an experiment in bringing variolation to India and other British possessions to combat smallpox. After leaving
Carmarthen_(1802_ship)
variant, variate, variation, variegate, varietal, variety, variola, variolation, variorum, various, vary varic- straddle Latin varicare "to straddle"
List of Greek and Latin roots in English/P–Z
List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English/P–Z
Emperor of China from 1644 to 1661
defeated in 1681, the same year the Kangxi Emperor initiated the use of variolation to inoculate children of the imperial family against smallpox. When the
Shunzhi_Emperor
variegate, variegation, variegator, varietal, variety, variform, variola, variolation, variorum, various, vary vās vās- vessel extravasate, extravasation,
List of Latin words with English derivatives
List_of_Latin_words_with_English_derivatives
Vaccines against the bacterium Bacillus anthracis
been known for a long time for smallpox. Inoculation with smallpox (variolation) was known to result in far less scarring, and greatly reduced mortality
Anthrax_vaccine
State of Brazil
method of variolation in 1729, but the technique was not propagated. The Jenner cowpox vaccine was not introduced in Brazil until 1808. Variolation was prohibited
Amazonas_(Brazilian_state)
Process strengthening the immune system
as vaccination, gradually replaced smallpox inoculation, now called variolation to distinguish it from vaccination. Until the 1880s vaccine/vaccination
Immunization
British surgeon and writer
in 1826. He wrote on elephantiasis in 1826 and smallpox in India and variolation practices in 1827. Keeping in view the miasma theory of his time, he
Whitelaw_Ainslie
19th-century scientific rivalry
(2007). "Public health, culture, and colonial medicine: Smallpox and variolation in Palestine during the British Mandate". Public Health Reports. 122
Koch–Pasteur_rivalry
1891–1910 human experiment in Oslo, Norway
intended to inoculate patients against the disease in a manner similar to variolation. Carl Wilhelm exposed 1,075 patients to infectious material, which had
Oslo_study
Museum in Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England
and 80% for children, and it was a safer alternative to the existing 'variolation' method, which had a dangerous 2% mortality rate and was infectious.
Dr._Jenner's_House
Notable events in the history of immunology
physician Imhotep. 1549 – The earliest account of inoculation of smallpox (variolation) occurs in Wan Quan's (1499–1582) Douzhen Xinfa (痘疹心法) 1718 – Smallpox
Timeline_of_immunology
Ethnic stereotype
perfectly fair. According to Voltaire, the practice of inoculation (see also variolation, an early form of vaccination) resulted in the Circassians having skin
Circassian_beauty
British surgeon (1711–1798)
medicine, as a result of his description of the practice of smallpox variolation in eighteenth-century Bengal, An Account of the Manner of Inoculating
John_Zephaniah_Holwell
18th-century Finnish physician and naturalist
Finland and for being the first in the Nordic countries to describe variolation — an early form of smallpox inoculation — in print. During nearly two
Herman_Spöring_Sr.
List of pre-colonial African inventions
in the ancient Libyco-Berber script dating back at least 2,500 years. Variolation – Historical accounts suggest that inoculation against smallpox was practiced
List of pre-colonial African inventions and innovations
List_of_pre-colonial_African_inventions_and_innovations
US Act to encourage smallpox vaccinations
David Ramsay Ottoman Smallpox Inoculation Giacomo Pylarini Smallpox Vaccine Indian Vaccination Act of 1832 Valentine Seaman John Redman Coxe Variolation
Vaccine_Act_of_1813
the University of Königsberg. He was the first to introduce smallpox variolation into Polish Prussia. Boretius was born in Lec / Lötzen (Giżycko), Prussia
Matthias_Ernst_Boretius
variant, variate, variation, variegate, varietal, variety, variola, variolation, variorum, various, vary varic- straddle Latin varicare "to straddle"
List of Greek and Latin roots in English/V
List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English/V
British mathematician and doctor
financially successful". He was a powerful advocate of the smallpox variolation, a procedure involving scratching pus or material from the scabs of smallpox
James_Jurin
supervising the dental and barber surgeon professions, and managing variolation, among other responsibilities. However, it was not until 1876 that the
National Swedish Board of Health
National_Swedish_Board_of_Health
Japanese manga series
searched for a method of preventing the redface pox and arrived at the variolation method based on information obtained from Western books. Gennai found
Ōoku:_The_Inner_Chambers
Portuguese Indian medical practitioner (1854–1936)
modern European medicine and vaccination in particular, as opposed to the variolation or inoculation techniques that were common among the local population
Miguel_Caetano_Dias
Disease outbreak in North America
practiced in many parts of the world, the technology of inoculation, or variolation, was not in use in Europe apart from Wales, where it was reportedly in
1775–1782 North American smallpox epidemic
1775–1782_North_American_smallpox_epidemic
Vaccine that contains antigenic parts of the pathogen
century, in which ancient Chinese at that time employed the technique of variolation to confer immunity to smallpox infection,[citation needed] the modern
Subunit_vaccine
English philosopher (1705–1757)
medicine, Hartley became an advocate of variola inoculation for smallpox. Variolation confers personal immunity, and if widespread would be a "service to mankind"
David_Hartley_(philosopher)
French explorer, geographer and mathematician (1701–1774)
contracted smallpox in his youth. This led him to take part in the debate on variolation against the disease and to propagate inoculation against smallpox. Assisted
Charles_Marie_de_La_Condamine
approaches to health and disease, and political affiliation. Opposition to variolation for smallpox (a predecessor to vaccination) was organized as early as
Anti-vaccine_activism
Italian theologian
individual to be immunized, of material taken from smallpox lesions (the "Variolation") contains, in addition to a text by Berti, two other articles by the
Giovanni_Lorenzo_Berti
introduces the Ottoman Turkish method of inoculation against smallpox – variolation – to London. Thomas Guy founds Guy's Hospital in London to treat "incurables"
1721_in_science
Chemical compound
Greenberg, "Public health, culture, and colonial medicine: Smallpox and variolation in Palestine during the British Mandate", Public Health Reports (Washington
Arsanilic_acid
Influence of viruses and viral infections on human history
arrival discovered the local practice of protection against smallpox by variolation – the injection of pus from people with smallpox into the skin. Her younger
Social_history_of_viruses
external inflammation, boils and acute diarrhoea. Abortants, surgery and variolation were also employed among Ashanti physicians. In 1874 Ghana was officially
Healthcare_in_Ghana
Group of islands of Northern Territory, Australia
This dried matter from smallpox scabs was used in a technique called variolation, which was used as protection against the disease prior to the development
Wessel_Islands
Archive of documents relating to British India
smallpox was implemented in British India. They reveal the shift from variolation, improved vaccination techniques, and the logistics of lymph supply,
The_India_Papers
Strain of poxvirus
Bibcode:2006SeAcB.115..189J. doi:10.1016/j.snb.2005.08.047. "Smallpox: Variolation". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2023-08-10. Baxby, Derrick (1981). Jenner's
Vaccinia
British physician, politician, and banker
a particular interest in the prevention of smallpox by inoculation (variolation), a deliberate infection of the patient via the skin with a mild form
Thomas_Dimsdale
English surgeon
pamphlets in opposition to the practice of vaccination, and advocated variolation to prevent and friction electricity to cure smallpox. He also gave evidence
John_Birch_(surgeon)
faculty of the University of Kiel, but they favoured the older method of variolation so they did not act on the reports. In 1802 after Jenner's method had
Peter_Plett
Vaccination pioneer and heroine of the Peninsular War in Portugal
Previously the disease had been treated by inoculation, also known as variolation, which involved the deliberate introduction of material from smallpox
Angela_Tamagnini
1803–06 Spanish Empire vaccination campaign
the 18th century there were scattered attempts in the colonies to use variolation, an older, less-effective method of inoculation using smallpox material
Balmis_Expedition
Indian physician
he became part of a smallpox commission set up in March 1850. Both variolation and vaccination against smallpox were used in India until 1850, when
Madhusudan_Gupta
transferred viral load, face masks against COVID19 may be beneficial for variolation whereby "smaller infectious doses tend to yield milder infections, yet
2022_in_science
United Kingdom provides for free vaccination for the poor and prohibits variolation. Joseph Whitworth introduces his precision "end measurements" technique
1840_in_science
therapies failed and Dodo died in April 1649 at the age of 35. After variolation began in 1681, shamanic sacrifices were performed for imperial sons who
Shamanism during the Qing dynasty
Shamanism_during_the_Qing_dynasty
Scottish surgeon (c. 1668–1748)
August 1721, Maitland received a Royal Licence that allowed him to test variolation on six prisoners from Newgate Prison. The experiment took place in August
Charles_Maitland_(physician)
Medical condition
Vaccination and Adverse Reactions". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2026-03-15. "From variolation to vaccination | Microbiology". Labroots. Retrieved 2026-03-26. Diven
Roseola_vaccinia
English physician
propagating diseases"—the very ground on which smallpox inoculation (variolation) was made illegal in 1840. "The more refined studies of our speculative
Thomas_Frewen_(physician)
Pre-colonial Asante culture
practiced bleeding, lancing and cupping. Variolation has been recorded to be practiced by 1817. Variolation itself was common in the Gold Coast by the
Culture_of_the_Asante_Empire
Overview of the vaccination policy in the United States of America
War, General George Washington required American soldiers to undergo variolation for smallpox out of concern that the British, who had long practiced
Vaccination policy of the United States
Vaccination_policy_of_the_United_States
Religious attitudes towards the use of vaccination
exchange for church membership. One of the earliest documented cases of variolation involved a Buddhist nun (bhikkhuni) between 1022 and 1063 CE. She ground
Vaccination_and_religion
Location of the original home of the ancestors of the Kadazan-Dusun
of Nunuk Ragang never had the opportunity to avail of the practice of variolation (also known as inoculation) even though this method of prevention of
Nunuk_Ragang
Canadian public health entity
fatal throughout most of recorded human history. Various techniques of variolation (protection against smallpox) have been documented globally, the most
Connaught_Laboratories
visiting physician to the poor house, in 1782 Drennan had trialled smallpox variolation, the practice of inoculating the skin of healthy people with smallpox
Belfast_Charitable_Society
John White carried sealed samples of dried smallpox scabs for use in variolation; and whilst Governor Arthur Phillip's contemporary account records that
Smallpox_in_Australia
VARIOLATION
VARIOLATION
VARIOLATION
VARIOLATION
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Iranian Poet; Tent
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Accept the Truth
Biblical
who is empty, exhausted;free, empty, exhausted;
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian
Heaven Gates; Pure Water
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
A Midsummer Night's Dream' Father to Hermia.
Male
English
American English surname transferred to forename use, derived from Dutch de Raedt, from Middle Dutch raet, RHETT means "advice."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Seeley.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Swahili
Woman
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Shear 1.Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic) : variant spelling of Scher.
Girl/Female
African, American, Arabic, British, Christian, Czechoslovakian, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Irish, Latin, Polish, Slavic, Slovenia, Swahili, Swedish, Swiss
Harvest; God's Gift; Gift from God; The Lord is Gracious; God is Merciful; Yesterday
VARIOLATION
VARIOLATION
VARIOLATION
VARIOLATION
VARIOLATION
n.
Inoculation with smallpox.