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1960s–1980s Tanzanian socialist ideology
Ujamaa (lit. 'fraternity' in Swahili, pronounced [uʄɑˈmɑː]) was a socialist ideology that formed the basis of Julius Nyerere's social and economic development
Ujamaa
Tanzania to a socialist reform program. At the center of these reforms was Ujamaa. Ujamaa, meaning "familyhood" in Swahili, was Julius Nyerere's framework for
African_socialism
Largest city in Tanzania and capital of Dar es Salaam Region
most government offices. In 1967, the Tanzanian government declared the ujamaa policy, which made Tanzania lean towards socialism. The move hampered the
Dar_es_Salaam
Non-profit organization in St. Paul, Minnesota, United States
Ujamaa Place is a non-profit organization, it was launched in 2009 to fill a gap in social welfare programming and services for African-American men in
Ujamaa_Place
Characteristic of self-sufficiency
such as India under Jawaharlal Nehru and Tanzania, under the ideology of Ujamaa and Swadeshi. That was partly an effort to escape the economic domination
Autarky
President of Tanzania from 1964 to 1985
nationalist and African socialist, he promoted a political philosophy known as Ujamaa. Born in Butiama, then in the British colony of Tanganyika, Nyerere was
Julius_Nyerere
Country in East Africa
nation to maintain an official, non-aligned position on foreign policy. Ujamaa, the socialist ideology of Nyerere, allowed the nation to develop a new
Tanzania
Political party in Tanzania
"Return of Ujamaa as Zitto Kabwe defects to new party". TheEastAfrican. Retrieved 30 March 2015. Azizi, Arash (2017-04-04). "Democratizing Ujamaa". Jacobin
Alliance for Change and Transparency
Alliance_for_Change_and_Transparency
US black nationalist organization and movement
cooperative economics through the building of New Communities—named after the Ujamaa concept promoted by Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere. It proposed and
Republic_of_New_Afrika
1967 political statement by Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere
as Tanzania’s most prominent political statement of African Socialism, 'Ujamaa', or brotherhood (Kaitilla, 2007). The Arusha declaration is divided into
Arusha_Declaration
out in post-colonial Tanzania in 1973. Through its socialist approach of ujamaa, Tanzania had carried out a voluntary process of rural collectivization
Operation_Vijiji
Dominant political party in Tanzania
socialism, upholder of the system of collectivized agriculture known as Ujamaa and firmly oriented to the left, today the CCM espouses a more mixed economic
Chama_Cha_Mapinduzi
Private university in California, US
Themed House), Okada (Asian-American Themed House in Wilbur Hall), and Ujamaa (Black/African-American Themed House in Lagunita Court). Focus Houses include
Stanford_University
Country in East Africa from 1961 to 1964
unification of Tanganyika and Zanzibar in 1964 followed Nyerere's principle of Ujamaa which entailed a strong "territorial nationalism." Postage stamps and postal
Tanganyika_(1961–1964)
Football league
was firstly created in 1926 and became official in 1981. 1981 : Ujamaa 1981–82 : Ujamaa 1982–83 : Small Simba 1983–84 : KMKM 1984–85 : Small Simba 1985–86 :
Zanzibar_Premier_League
Genre of African art
surrounded by and supported by other figures. These figures exemplify ujamaa (communal unity) or relationships in a community and bring forth the underlying
Makonde_art
Capital of Tanzania
location in a rural environment was seen as the ujamaa heartland and therefore appropriate for a ujamaa capital that could see and learn from neighbouring
Dodoma
substitutes became more popular. The nationalization of the estates during Ujamaa and the mismanagement of the estates further dropped the production in the
Sisal_production_in_Tanzania
1856–1964 East African Muslim state
Territory Modern history Tanganyika Zanzibar Revolution Julius Nyerere Ujamaa Uganda–Tanzania War 1998 United States embassy bombings East African Community
Sultanate_of_Zanzibar
1961–1977 ruling party of Tanganyika then Tanzania
production and exchange under the control of the peasants and workers (Ujamaa-Essays on Socialism; "The Arusha Declaration"). Julius Nyerere was the first
Tanganyika African National Union
Tanganyika_African_National_Union
While Ujamaa was abandoned as a state project in 1985, and religious discord has risen somewhat since then, academic and NGO sources credit Ujamaa for contributing
Freedom of religion in Tanzania
Freedom_of_religion_in_Tanzania
Village in Ruvuma Region, Tanzania
testing ground for Julius Nyerere's vision of Ujamaa. Located near Mbeya, Litowa was "the first Ujamaa village", and attracted attention during Nyerere's
Litowa,_Tanzania
District of Njombe Region, Tanzania
and 17 wards. Makete District was founded in 1979 with the policy of the Ujamaa. Before, this part of Iringa Region belonged to Njombe District. The district
Makete_District
Country in Southeastern Africa
tall, and elegantly curved with symbols and nonrepresentational faces; and ujamaa, which are totem-type carvings which illustrate lifelike faces of people
Mozambique
Group of political ideologies
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
African_nationalism
Variety of Marxism–Leninism in China
anti-Deng, splinter from the KFML-SKP). The Tanzanian socialist approach of ujamaa promoted by President Julius Nyerere drew on Maoist themes including self-reliance
Maoism
Association football club in Tanzania
Mapinduzi. They operated the club under principles aligned with Nyerere's Ujamaa socialist ideology. This included collective ownership by members and funding
Young_Africans_S.C.
Red, gold, green and black
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
Pan-African_colours
American politician (born 1956)
Saint Paul Police Department, Harrington became the President and CEO of Ujamaa Place, a nonprofit organization in Saint Paul that serves African American
John Harrington (American politician)
John_Harrington_(American_politician)
Semi-autonomous region of Tanzania
Mndolwa, Maimbo; Denis, Philippe (November 2016). "Anglicanism, Uhuru and Ujamaa: Anglicans in Tanzania and the Movement for Independence". Journal of Anglican
Zanzibar
Symbol of Africa and Ghana
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
Black_Star_of_Africa
Uprising in the south and east of German East Africa, 1905–1907
Territory Modern history Tanganyika Zanzibar Revolution Julius Nyerere Ujamaa Uganda–Tanzania War 1998 United States embassy bombings East African Community
Maji_Maji_Rebellion
Economic theory promoting local control
conservatism – Political ideology advocating traditional morals and social order Ujamaa – 1960s–1980s Tanzanian socialist ideology Zwick, Mark and Louise (2004)
Distributism
State where only one party may form a government
Union African nationalism African socialism Ujamaa 1961 1977 Africa Tanzania Chama Cha Mapinduzi Ujamaa African socialism 1977 1992 Africa Togo Party
One-party_state
Tanzania embarked on an adjustment program to dismantle the socialist (Ujamaa) economic controls and encourage more active participation of the private
Economy_of_Tanzania
Country in West Africa
"Sylvanus Olympio (1902-1963)". BlackPast.org. Retrieved 26 March 2025. "Togo". Ujamaa Live. 26 April 2019. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved
Togo
American grassroots community organization
supplements for an affordable price. The word "Ujamaa" comes from the Swahili term for "collective economics". The Ujamaa Food Buying Club works with the Uprooting
Detroit Black Community Food Security Network
Detroit_Black_Community_Food_Security_Network
Flag using the Pan-African colours
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
Pan-African_flag
African ethnocentrism
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
Afrocentrism
Trinidadian historian, journalist and Marxist (1901–1989)
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
C._L._R._James
Socialist economic-political system
2307/486390. JSTOR 486390. Hyden, Goran; Anthony, Constance G. (1980). Beyond Ujamaa in Tanzania: Underdevelopment and an Uncaptured Peasantry. Berkeley: University
Authoritarian_socialism
Cultural and political movement developed by a francophone African elite
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
Négritude
Ethnic group of Tanzania, Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe
aspire for realism and mimic dignity, identity, and cultural practice. Ujamaa – Communal design or the "Tree of Life" style where adjacent human forms
Makonde_people
Southern African philosophy
research belongs to the community, and true participation is highly valued. Ujamaa is valued, it means pulling together or collaboration. According to this
Ubuntu_philosophy
Tobacco company operating in Tanzania
bought a large stake in the company and nationalized the company during the Ujamaa movement in 1975. TCC has been listed on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange
Tanzania_Cigarette_Company
Senegalese and Gambian dancer, model, and actor
(London); and "Our Town Story" for East London (London Borough of Hackney) with Ujamaa Arts, supported by McDonald's for the year 2000 Millennium Dome Show. Along
Tamsier_Joof_Aviance
Capital of Tanga Region, Tanzania
export of sisal from the region. However, following the adopting of the Ujamaa policy, global prices in sisal dwindling, the production that served the
Tanga,_Tanzania
Doctrine prioritizing will over intellect
the development of the socialist New Man ethos. As part of his view of ujamaa as an African socialism, Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere contended that
Voluntarism_(philosophy)
Nyerere introduced African socialism, or Ujamaa, literal meaning 'family-hood'. Nyerere's government had made Ujamaa the philosophy that would guide Tanzania's
History_of_Tanzania
Agrarian socialism African socialism Harambee Nkrumaism Senghorism Ubuntuism Ujamaa Arab socialism Ba'athism Nasserism Third International Theory Centrist Marxism
List_of_political_ideologies
Indianapolis social services organization
(2021-12-30). "Year in Review: Ujamaa Community Bookstore opened at Flanner House". Indianapolis Recorder. Retrieved 2025-05-15. "Ujamaa Community Bookstore creates
Flanner_House
British mandate in Africa from 1919 to 1961
growing emphasis on modernisation and his African socialist ideology known as Ujamaa saw many rural farmers' livelihoods destroyed by encroaching agriculturalists
Tanganyika_Territory
Partially recognised state in North Africa
Western Sahara Support Group". Retrieved 22 January 2026. "Sahrawi people". UjamaaLive. Retrieved 26 December 2025. "Letter dated 29 January 2002 from the
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic
Tanzanian statesman (1925–2024)
Agricultural production was low, and the general opinion was that Nyerere's Ujamaa socialist policies had failed economically. Such policies included the nationalization
Ali_Hassan_Mwinyi
Tanzanian politician
replicating, in its rural policies, fairly orthodox policies under the guise of 'Ujamaa' radicalism; and for irresponsible and unsustainable nationalization especially
Abdulrahman_Mohamed_Babu
"Othering" or critiquing of the East and Arab World due to colonialism in Black academia
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
Black_orientalism
Norwegian music producer
Nominated 2019 Folketoner Best Immersive Audio Album Nominated Sommerro: Ujamaa & The Iceberg Nominated 2020 Lux Won Himself Producer of the Year, Classical
Morten Lindberg (sound engineer)
Morten_Lindberg_(sound_engineer)
English jazz musician and educator (1942–1994)
early 1970s, Grigson led a multi-ethnic "Afro-Latin-Jazz group" called Ujamaa, "combining straight jazz with African, calypso, Latin and funk elements"
Lionel_Grigson
Prime Minister of Grenada from 1979 to 1983
and Mao Zedong. Bishop was particularly impressed by Julius Nyerere's Ujamaa: Essays on Socialism (published by Oxford University Press in 1968) and
Maurice_Bishop
Type of agricultural organization
in the management of the workplace. The Tanzanian socialist approach of ujamaa supported by President Julius Nyerere focused on collectivizing ownership
Collective_farming
University student accommodation
side, and Naranja (orange) and Ujamaa (which consists of two buildings formerly named Olivo and Magnolia) on the east. Ujamaa (Swahili for extended family)
Stanford University student housing
Stanford_University_student_housing
Annual African-American celebration
brothers' and sisters' problems our problems and to solve them together. Ujamaa (Cooperative economics): To build and maintain our own stores, shops, and
Kwanzaa
democracy and following the military coup. The African socialist program of Ujamaa, developed by the President of Tanzania Julius Nyerere following his Arusha
Anarchism_in_Africa
Facet of English etymology
ideology of "human kindness" or "humanism" uhuru – from Swahili, "freedom". Ujamaa – from Swahili, "fraternity". Socialist policies of Tanzanian president
English words of African origin
English_words_of_African_origin
Leader of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2017
Stalinism and Maoism, as well as African nationalist ideologies like Nkrumaism, Ujamaa, Garveyism, Négritude, Pan-Africanism, and African neo-traditionalism. Mugabeism
Robert_Mugabe
Rhodesian disability activist (1921–1982)
(ukama). O Only use existing facilities like friends, hospitals and homes (ujamaa). P Provide resources like transport people to facilities because they may
Jairos_Jiri
Black nationalist group in the United States
(Kujichagulia), Collective Work and Responsibility (Ujima), Cooperative Economics (Ujamaa), Purpose (Nia), Creativity (Kuumba), and Faith (Imani). Karenga's ideas
US_Organization
cultural assimilation policy of Africanization (see Julius Nyerere and Ujamaa). Swahili was the language spoken throughout the coastal tribes of Eastern
Swahilization
Tanzanian playwright and poet (born 1943)
character expresses disillusionment with the Tanzanian socialist practice of ujamaa. Hussein also wrote poetry in free verse, a new poetical form for Swahili
Ebrahim_Hussein
Swahili sultanate (957–1513)
Territory Modern history Tanganyika Zanzibar Revolution Julius Nyerere Ujamaa Uganda–Tanzania War 1998 United States embassy bombings East African Community
Kilwa_Sultanate
1st President of Zambia, 1964-1991
Ghana by Kwame Nkrumah (Consciencism) and in Tanzania by Julius Nyerere (Ujamaa). Kaunda wrote many books elaborating his ideology called Humanism in Zambia
Kenneth_Kaunda
Farming to meet basic needs
(PDF) on 2015-02-17. Retrieved 2026-02-11. Hyden, Goran (1980). Beyond Ujamaa in Tanzania: Underdevelopment and an Uncaptured Peasantry. Berkeley: University
Subsistence_agriculture
American judge (born 1960)
Earls received a Thomas J. Watson Fellowship to study the role of women in Ujamaa villages in Tanzania, but her time abroad was cut short by multiple bouts
Anita_Earls
American writer, feminist, and social activist (born 1930)
the Tanzania Edinburgh Community Association (TzECA) on Julius Nyerere's ujamaa in the 1960s in Tanzania. The session took place at Waverley Care Solas
Selma_James
Planned library in Chicago, Illinois
consortium of local African-American owned firms: Powers & Sons Construction, UJAMAA Construction, Brown & Momen, Safeway Construction, and Kates Security Services
Barack Obama Presidential Center
Barack_Obama_Presidential_Center
American creator of Kwanzaa (born 1941)
brother's and sister's problems our problems and to solve them together. Ujamaa (cooperative economics)—To build and maintain our own stores, shops, and
Maulana_Karenga
Territory Modern history Tanganyika Zanzibar Revolution Julius Nyerere Ujamaa Uganda–Tanzania War 1998 United States embassy bombings East African Community
Timeline_of_Dar_es_Salaam
1994 American TV series or program
insensitivity. Isaiah comes to the store and tries to take back the items Ujamaa is stocked with but Bobby talks him out of it. Tasha is distressed that
South_Central_(TV_series)
Left-wing ideology of Thomas Sankara
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
Sankarism
ideals. He was a firm believer in rural Africans and their traditions and ujamaa, a system of collectivisation that according to Nyerere was present before
History_of_socialism
Senegalese politician, historian and scientist (1923–1986)
Uhuru Movement Zikism Concepts African century Black power Négritude Ubuntu Ujamaa Decolonisation United States of Africa Proponents Politicians Dennis Akumu
Cheikh_Anta_Diop
Movement encouraging solidarity among people of African ancestry
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
Pan-Africanism
National Historic Site of Tanzania
Territory Modern history Tanganyika Zanzibar Revolution Julius Nyerere Ujamaa Uganda–Tanzania War 1998 United States embassy bombings East African Community
Olduvai_Gorge
Trinbagonian-American activist (1941–1998)
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
Stokely_Carmichael
Tanzanian women's union activist (1936–1994)
found the Tanzania Women’s Union (UWT) in 1962 to fight for inclusion in ujamaa. The socialist ideology was based on an idealized view of a pre-colonial
Sofia_Kawawa
1979–1983 socialist government of Grenada
replacement of the parliamentary system with local assemblies, inspired by the Ujamaa villages of the African socialist regime of Tanzania. At the same time,
People's Revolutionary Government
People's_Revolutionary_Government
National Scouting organization of Tanzania
The aim of Scouting in Tanzania is to develop the spirit of Ujamaa and self-reliance. Ujamaa is the concept of family ties within the social order. The
Tanzania_Scouts_Association
Ideology combining leftist economics and social conservatism
conservative. Originally an African socialist party and a supporter of the Ujamaa system, it has since transitioned to supporting a mixed economy, while adopting
Left-conservatism
Residential section of Cornell University
Program Houses (Holland International Living Center, Just About Music, and Ujamaa respectively). The buildings were constructed in 1975. Low Rises 6 and 7
Cornell_North_Campus
American singer and rapper (born 1991)
by the stage name, Nkō Khélí. As a child, Agyeman attended school at the Ujamaa Shule in Washington which is described as the "oldest completely independent
Kamauu
Far-left political party in South Africa
nationalism Garveyism Négritude Nkrumaism Sankarism Third International Theory Ujamaa Organizations African Union Conscious Community Organisation of African
Economic_Freedom_Fighters
Philosophical movement
works emerging from this period was the African socialist philosophy of Ujamaa propounded in Tanzania and other parts of Southeast Africa. These African
African_philosophy
Socialist organization in the United States
socialism Black Power Dead Prez Political parties in the United States Ujamaa "Russian charged with using US groups to spread propaganda". AP NEWS. 2022-07-29
African People's Socialist Party
African_People's_Socialist_Party
Guyanese politician, activist and historian (1942–1980)
es Salaam Years, 1966–1974: How Europe Underdeveloped Africa, Tanzania's ujamaa, and Student Radicalism at 'the Hill' (Thesis). University of Vienna. Ferrarini
Walter_Rodney
Historical archives in Tanzania
Territory Modern history Tanganyika Zanzibar Revolution Julius Nyerere Ujamaa Uganda–Tanzania War 1998 United States embassy bombings East African Community
Tanzania_National_Archives
Tanzanian musician
of British colonial rule in 1961, Julius Nyerere preached the value of Ujamaa, or familyhood, as a basic constituent of Tanzanian nationalism, placing
Remmy_Ongala
lifestyle. Motivated by his upbringing, he dedicated his efforts to the Ujamaa Community Resource Team (UCRT) in order to safeguard the Maasaian way of
Edward_Loure
Bilateral relations
and Kenya stuck to capitalism. Tanzania on the other hand championed for Ujamaa, a major African socialist policy. Tanzania and Kenya resumed diplomatic
Kenya–Tanzania_relations
1957–1977 political party in Zanzibar
Makamba Migiro Lubinga Economic Affairs and Finance Secretary Kigoda Aziz Nchemba Meghji Hawassi Related Arusha Declaration ASP TANU Ujamaa 2020 Primaries
Afro-Shirazi_Party
Political umbrella term
president of Tanzania after the independence, who coined the concept of Ujamaa and collectivized the land; Kwame Nkrumah, first president of Ghana, who
Third_World_socialism
UJAMAA
UJAMAA
UJAMAA
UJAMAA
Female
Greek
(ÎÏξ) Greek name NYX means "night." In mythology, this is the name of a goddess of night.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various minor places named Cowick. Cowick in Devon and East and West Cowick in East Yorkshire are all named with Old English cū ‘cow’ + wīc ‘outlying dairy farm’.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Dew drop, Admired for look, Love, Rain, Bright one, Naughty one
Boy/Male
Indian, Telugu
Part of Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Hindu
Sun
Boy/Male
Danish, German, Swedish
Honourable; Brave; Strong Resolve
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place in northern Lancashire, so named from the Old English personal name TÄta (see Tate) + Old English hÄm ‘homestead’.
Male
German
Originally a German byname for someone who lived on a plateau, from eben "plateau" and the suffix -er denoting an inhabitant, it is now considered a German form of Hebrew Abner, EBNER means "father of light."
Girl/Female
Norse
Mother of Gudrun.
Female
Greek
(ΔωÏίς) Greek name DORIS means "bounty" and "unmixed, pure." In mythology, this is the name of a goddess of the sea, consort of Nêreus and mother of the Nereids (sea nymphs).Â
UJAMAA
UJAMAA
UJAMAA
UJAMAA
UJAMAA