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Technique in natural language processing
threads. And in incremental tabling, tabling might react to changes. The adaptation of tabling into a logic programming proof procedure, under the name of
Tabled_logic_programming
Programming paradigm based on formal logic
Logic programming is a programming, database, and knowledge representation paradigm based on formal logic. A logic program is a set of sentences in logical
Logic_programming
Reconfigurable digital circuit element
A programmable logic device (PLD) is an electronic component used to build reconfigurable digital circuits. Unlike digital logic constructed using discrete
Programmable_logic_device
Programming language that uses first order logic
first-order logic, a formal logic. Unlike many other programming languages, Prolog is intended primarily as a declarative programming language: the program is
Prolog
(2020). Programming in Tabled Prolog (PDF) (Draft ed.). Swift, Terrance; Warren, David S. (2012). "XSB: Extending Prolog with Tabled Logic Programming". Theory
XSB
Programming language for industrial controllers
Ladder logic has evolved into a programming language that represents a program by a graphical diagram based on the circuit diagrams of relay logic hardware
Ladder_logic
a method for implementing tabled logic programming systems by dynamically reordering alternatives. He proposed Horn Logic Denotations as a means for
Gopal Gupta (computer scientist)
Gopal_Gupta_(computer_scientist)
Logical formalism using combinators instead of variables
combinatory logic has been used to model some non-strict functional programming languages and hardware. The purest form of this view is the programming language
Combinatory_logic
Type of logical formula
mathematical logic and logic programming, a Horn clause is a logical formula of a particular rule-like form that gives it useful properties for use in logic programming
Horn_clause
Array of logic gates that are reprogrammable
a subset of logic devices referred to as programmable logic devices (PLDs). They consist of a grid-connected array of programmable logic blocks that can
Field-programmable_gate_array
Study of correct reasoning
Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical
Logic
Device performing a Boolean function
A logic gate is a device that performs a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output
Logic_gate
System of resource-aware logic
Although the logic has also been studied for its own sake, more broadly, ideas from linear logic have been influential in fields such as programming languages
Linear_logic
Relationship between programs and proofs
function; and that the program to compute that function is analogous to a proof of that theorem. This sets a form of logic programming on a rigorous foundation:
Curry–Howard_correspondence
Branch of logic
Propositional logic is a branch of classical logic. It is also called statement logic, sentential calculus, propositional calculus, sentential logic, or sometimes
Propositional_logic
Language for controlling a computer
1972, was the first logic programming language, communicating with a computer using formal logic notation. With logic programming, the programmer specifies
Programming_language
System including an indeterminate value
three-valued logic (also trinary logic, trivalent, ternary, or trilean, sometimes abbreviated 3VL) is any of several many-valued logic systems in which
Three-valued_logic
Mathematical table used in logic
A truth table is a mathematical table used in logic—specifically in connection with Boolean algebra, Boolean functions, and propositional calculus—which
Truth_table
Puzzle deriving from the mathematical field of deduction
of different shops. Category:Logic puzzles, a list of different logic puzzles List of puzzle video games Logic programming Mechanical puzzle Recreational
Logic_puzzle
List of programming languages types and the languages that meet its description
λProlog (a logic programming language featuring polymorphic typing, modular programming, and higher-order programming) Oz, and Mozart Programming System cross-platform
List of programming languages by type
List_of_programming_languages_by_type
Computer programming paradigm
Procedural programming is a programming paradigm, classified as imperative programming, that involves implementing the behavior of a computer program as procedures
Procedural_programming
Subfield of mathematics
Mathematical logic is the study of formal logic within mathematics. Major subareas include model theory, proof theory, set theory, and recursion theory
Mathematical_logic
Imperative programming – explicit statements that change a program state Logic programming – uses explicit mathematical logic for programming Metaprogramming
Comparison of multi-paradigm programming languages
Comparison_of_multi-paradigm_programming_languages
Method of deriving conclusions
of deriving conclusions from premises. They are integral parts of formal logic, serving as the logical structure of valid arguments. If an argument with
Rule_of_inference
Programming paradigm based on applying and composing functions
functional programming is a programming paradigm where programs are constructed by applying and composing functions. It is a declarative programming paradigm
Functional_programming
Programming language written graphically by a user
computing, a visual programming language (visual programming system, VPL, or, VPS), also known as diagrammatic programming, graphical programming or block coding
Visual_programming_language
semantics for logic programs with negation as failure. This is one of several standard approaches to the meaning of negation in logic programming, along with
Stable_model_semantics
Declarative logic programming language
Datalog is a declarative logic programming language. While it is syntactically a subset of Prolog, Datalog generally uses a bottom-up rather than top-down
Datalog
Logical connective AND
{\displaystyle \cdot } ; and in programming languages &, &&, or and. In Jan Łukasiewicz's prefix notation for logic, the operator is K {\displaystyle
Logical_conjunction
Table specifying actions based on conditions
versions of decision table based programming tools and compilers LogicGem Software For Windows decision table processor for perfecting logic and business rules
Decision_table
Language for reasoning and representing events
Georgios (March 2015). "A probabilistic logic programming event calculus". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming. 15 (2): 213–245. arXiv:1204.1851. doi:10
Event_calculus
System for reasoning about vagueness
Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic in which the truth value of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1. It is employed to handle the concept
Fuzzy_logic
Propositional calculus in which there are more than two truth values
Many-valued logic (also multi- or multiple-valued logic) is a propositional calculus in which there are more than two truth values. Traditionally, in
Many-valued_logic
David s. Warren. 2012. Xsb: Extending prolog with tabled logic programming. Theory Pract. Log. Program. 12, 1-2 (January 2012), 157-187. doi:10.1017/S1471068411000500
Rulelog
Applications of logic under uncertainty
situations. Probabilistic logic extends traditional logic truth tables with probabilistic expressions. A difficulty of probabilistic logics is their tendency
Probabilistic_logic
Modal temporal logic with modalities referring to time
In logic, linear temporal logic or linear-time temporal logic (LTL) is a modal temporal logic with modalities referring to time. In LTL, one can encode
Linear_temporal_logic
Rules used for constructing, or transforming the symbols and words of a language
governing the composition of well-formed expressions in a programming language. As in mathematical logic, it is independent of semantics and interpretation.
Syntax_(logic)
Class of formal logics
Classical logic (or standard logic) or Frege–Russell logic is the intensively studied and most widely used class of deductive logic. Classical logic has had
Classical_logic
Approach to logic
In logic and formal semantics, term logic, also known as traditional logic, syllogistic logic or Aristotelian logic, is a loose name for an approach to
Term_logic
Concept in computer software
In computer software, business logic or domain logic is the part of the program that encodes the real-world business rules that determine how data can
Business_logic
Logic gate implementing negation
In digital logic, an inverter or NOT gate is a logic gate which implements logical negation. It outputs a bit whose value is opposite of the input bit's
Inverter_(logic_gate)
German-Canadian computer scientist
She completed her Ph.D. in 2003, with the dissertation Tabled Higher-Order Logic Programming supervised by Frank Pfenning. She joined McGill University
Brigitte_Pientka
Task to construct a program meeting a formal specification
Journal of Logic Programming. 7: 1–43. doi:10.1016/0743-1066(89)90008-3. Daniele Nardi and Riccardo Rosati (1992). "Deductive Synthesis of Programs for Query
Program_synthesis
General-purpose programming language
programming languages, with C compilers available for practically all modern computer architectures and operating systems. The book The C Programming
C_(programming_language)
Software system for statistical models
Probabilistic logic programming is a programming paradigm that extends logic programming with probabilities. Most approaches to probabilistic logic programming are
Probabilistic_programming
True when either but not both inputs are true
(conjunction) and ∨ {\displaystyle \lor } (disjunction) are very useful in logic systems, they fail a more generalizable structure in the following way:
Exclusive_or
School of thought in philosophy of mathematics
is an extension of logic, some or all of mathematics is reducible to logic, or some or all of mathematics may be modelled in logic. Bertrand Russell and
Logicism
Process by which desired circuit behavior is turned into a schematic of logic gates
is turned into a design implementation in terms of logic gates, typically by a computer program called a synthesis tool. Common examples of this process
Logic_synthesis
Software programming optimization technique
recursive descent parsing. In the context of some logic programming languages, memoization is also known as tabling. The term memoization was coined by Donald
Memoization
Symbol representing a property or relation in logic
In logic, a predicate is a non-logical symbol that represents a property or a relation, though, formally, does not need to represent anything at all.
Predicate_(logic)
Value indicating the relation of a proposition to truth
classical logic has only two possible values (true or false). Truth values are used in computing as well as various types of logic. In some programming languages
Truth_value
Rocha, Ricardo (2014). A Lock-Free Hash Trie Design for Concurrent Tabled Logic Programs (PDF) (Technical report). Archived (PDF) from the original on March
Ctrie
Computer program for complexity reduction of digital logic circuits
ESPRESSO logic minimizer is a computer program using heuristic and specific algorithms for efficiently reducing the complexity of digital logic gate circuits
Espresso heuristic logic minimizer
Espresso_heuristic_logic_minimizer
Type of digital logic implemented by Boolean circuits
In automata theory, combinational logic (also referred to as time-independent logic) is a type of digital logic that is implemented by Boolean circuits
Combinational_logic
Computation model defining an abstract machine
A programming language that is Turing complete is theoretically capable of expressing all tasks accomplishable by computers; nearly all programming languages
Turing_machine
Text-string-oriented programming language
the logic programming language Prolog, which provides pattern-like constructs via DCGs. This algorithm makes it easier to use SNOBOL as a logic programming
SNOBOL
Logical connective OR
many programming languages. The English word or is sometimes used as well, often in capital letters. In Jan Łukasiewicz's prefix notation for logic, the
Logical_disjunction
Symbol connecting formulas in logic
In logic, a logical connective (also called a logical operator, sentential connective, or sentential operator) is an operator that combines or modifies
Logical_connective
Overview of and topical guide to logic
Classical logic Computability logic Deontic logic Dependence logic Description logic Deviant logic Doxastic logic Epistemic logic First-order logic Formal
Outline_of_logic
Family of formal knowledge representation
Description logics (DL) are a family of formal knowledge representation languages. Many DLs are more expressive than propositional logic but less expressive
Description_logic
Algebraic manipulation of "true" and "false"
In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is a branch of algebra. It differs from elementary algebra in two ways. First, the values of the
Boolean_algebra
Transaction Logic is an extension of predicate logic that accounts in a clean and declarative way for the phenomenon of state changes in logic programs and databases
Transaction_logic
Type of logical system
First-order logic, also called predicate logic, predicate calculus, or quantificational logic, is a type of formal system used in mathematics, philosophy
First-order_logic
Concept in logic
original expression. Where ψ and φ represent formulas of propositional logic, ψ is a substitution instance of φ if and only if ψ may be obtained from
Substitution_(logic)
Number of arguments required by a function
sister of'. Most operators encountered in programming and mathematics are of the binary form. For both programming and mathematics, these include the multiplication
Arity
sets of quantum logic gates are commonly used to express quantum operations. The following tables list several unitary quantum logic gates, together with
List_of_quantum_logic_gates
formal logic operations through the use of truth tables. Early logical machines were mechanical devices that performed basic operations in Boolean logic. The
Logical_machine
Sequence of program instructions invokable by other software
In computer programming, a function (also procedure, method, subroutine, routine, or subprogram) is a callable unit of software logic that has a well-formed
Function (computer programming)
Function_(computer_programming)
Whether a decision problem has an effective method to derive the answer
effectively determined. Zeroth-order logic (propositional logic) is decidable, whereas first-order and higher-order logic are not. A theory (set of sentences
Decidability_(logic)
Mathematics notation with operators preceding operands
variadic. The Tcl programming language, much like Lisp also uses Polish notation through the mathop library. The Ambi programming language uses Polish
Polish_notation
Programming paradigm entirely based on functions
purely functional programming usually designates a programming paradigm—a style of building the structure and elements of computer programs—that treats all
Purely_functional_programming
Mathematical model for deduction or proof systems
arithmetic. Early logic systems includes Indian logic of Pāṇini, syllogistic logic of Aristotle, propositional logic of Stoicism, and Chinese logic of Gongsun
Formal_system
Computer code structure with a table of pointers to functions or similar
object-oriented programming. It is primarily used to simplify program lines and reduce lines of code. The following shows one way to implement a dispatch table in
Dispatch_table
How software progresses through its implementation
loop-and-a-half logic. Further, by omitting individual components, this single construction can replace several constructions in most programming languages
Control_flow
Formal system of logic
Zeroth-order logic (propositional logic) First-order logic Second-order logic Type theory Higher-order grammar Higher-order logic programming HOL (proof
Higher-order_logic
Mathematical use of "for all" and "there exists"
In logic, a quantifier is an operator that specifies how many individuals in the domain of discourse satisfy an open formula. For instance, the universal
Quantifier_(logic)
Logical connective
mathematics and serves as the basis for commands in many programming languages. However, many logics replace material implication with other operators such
Material_conditional
Mathematical theory of data types
type in programming: it specifies what kind of thing an expression is and how it may be used. Type theories are used in the study of programming languages
Type_theory
Mathematical-logic system based on functions
In mathematical logic, the lambda calculus (also written as λ-calculus) is a formal system for expressing computation based on function abstraction and
Lambda_calculus
Sequence of operations for a task
multiple iterations. Mathematics portal Computer programming portal Abstract machine ALGOL Algorithm = Logic + Control Algorithm aversion Algorithm engineering
Algorithm
in the C and C++ programming languages. All listed operators are in C++ and lacking indication otherwise, in C as well. Some tables include a "In C" column
Operators_in_C_and_C++
Sequence of words formed by specific rules
In logic, mathematics, computer science, and linguistics, a formal language is a set of strings whose symbols are taken from a set called "alphabet".
Formal_language
Software design pattern
commonly used for developing user interfaces that divides the related program logic into three interconnected elements. These elements are: the model, the
Model–view–controller
Reprogrammable computer hardware technology
In computing, a logic block or configurable logic block (CLB) is a fundamental building block of field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology.[citation
Logic_block
Process in digital electronics and integrated circuit design
Logic optimization is a process of finding an equivalent representation of the specified logic circuit under one or more specified constraints. This process
Logic_optimization
Logic gate
EXOR and pronounced as exclusive OR, ksor or sometimes EX-OR) is a digital logic gate that gives a true (1 or HIGH) output when the number of true inputs
XOR_gate
Software architecture
development. using dynamic, table-driven logic, as opposed to logic embodied in previously compiled programs. The use of table-driven logic, i.e. behavior that
Database-centric_architecture
Input where a function output does not matter
In digital logic, a don't-care term (abbreviated DC, historically also known as redundancies, irrelevancies, optional entries, invalid combinations, vacuous
Don't-care_term
Language for controlling network data forwarding
P4 is a programming language for controlling packet forwarding planes in networking devices, such as routers and switches. In contrast to a general purpose
P4_(programming_language)
Probabilistic logic programming language
ProbLog is a probabilistic logic programming language that extends Prolog with probabilities. It minimally extends Prolog by adding the notion of a probabilistic
ProbLog
some programming languages have been specifically designed for artificial intelligence (AI) applications. Nowadays, many general-purpose programming languages
List of programming languages for artificial intelligence
List_of_programming_languages_for_artificial_intelligence
English gives aims to get the benefits of both the programming logic and natural language: program logic helps to attain precision, whilst natural language
Structured_English
Logical operation
In logic, negation, also called the logical not or logical complement, is an operation that takes a proposition P {\displaystyle P} to another proposition
Negation
Array that replaces runtime computation with a simpler array indexing operation
tables are also used extensively to validate input values by matching against a list of valid (or invalid) items in an array and, in some programming
Lookup_table
Study of the semantics, or interpretations, of formal and natural languages
In logic, the semantics or formal semantics is the study of the meaning and interpretation of formal languages, formal systems, and (idealizations of)
Semantics_(logic)
Data table used to control program flow
a program, stripped of programming language syntax and platform dependent aspects, and condensed to data and implied logic. The meaning of the table includes
Control_table
are tabled for a tabled predicate. B-Prolog supports table modes, which allow the system to use only input arguments in variant checking and table answers
B-Prolog
of Prolog anniversary issue of the journal Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP). There are Prolog implementations that are radically different
Comparison of Prolog implementations
Comparison_of_Prolog_implementations
Instructions a computer can execute
are used. Prolog (1972) stands for "PROgramming in LOGic". It is a logic programming language, based on formal logic. The language was developed by Alain
Computer_program
Existence of values making formula true
In mathematical logic, a formula is satisfiable if it is true under some assignment of values to its variables. For example, the formula x + 3 = y {\displaystyle
Satisfiability
TABLED LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
TABLED LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
Male
Welsh
Welsh name ALED means "offspring."
Girl/Female
British, English
15th Century
Female
German
German pet form of Greek Tabitha, TABEA means "female gazelle."
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
A Yogic Posture
Boy/Male
Indian
Glitter, Curve, Shine
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for someone who looked after horses or cattle, from an agent derivative of Middle English stable ‘stable’.German (Stäbler) : occupational name for an official who carried a staff as a symbol of office, Middle High German stebelære.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Trick, Power, Strategy, Solution by logic, By reasoning
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Mabel, MABLE means "lovable."Â
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Glitter; Curve; Shine; Brightness
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Logic; Reason
Male
English
Variant spelling of English unisex Taylor, TAYLER means "cutter of cloth, tailor."
Boy/Male
Muslim
Glitter, Curve, Shine
Girl/Female
Tamil
Trick, Power, Strategy, Solution by logic, By reasoning
Girl/Female
Tamil
Trick, Power, Strategy, Solution by logic, By reasoning
Male
English
English surname transferred to forename use, possibly originally a habitational name derived from a place named from Old Norse gafl, GABLE means "gable," a term used to denote a "triangular-shaped hill."Â
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a maker of rope, especially the type of stout rope used in maritime applications, from Anglo-Norman French cable ‘cable’ (Late Latin capulum ‘halter’, of Arabic origin, but associated by folk etymology with Latin capere ‘to seize’).English : possibly from an Old English personal name, Ceadbeald.English : metonymic occupational name for a horseman, from Middle English cabal ‘horse’.From German Göbel (see Goebel), assimilated to the English name.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by a stable, or an occupational name for someone employed in one, from Middle English stable, plural stables (via Old French from Latin stabulum, a derivative of stare ‘to stand’). In Middle English the term was used of the quarters occupied by cattle as well as those reserved for horses.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Vinyasa | விநà¯à®¯à®¾à®¸
A yogic posture
Vinyasa | விநà¯à®¯à®¾à®¸
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : occupational name from Old French tablier ‘joiner’.
Surname or Lastname
German and Swiss German (also Gäbler), Jewish (Ashkenazic)
German and Swiss German (also Gäbler), Jewish (Ashkenazic) : occupational name for a maker of forks, from an agent derivative of Middle High German gabel(e), German Gabel ‘fork’.habitational name for someone from a place called Gabel in German, Jablone in Czech (see Gabel 3).English : occupational name for a tax collector or usurer, Old French gabelier, gableor, a derivative of gable ‘tax’, ‘revenue’, of Germanic origin.
TABLED LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
TABLED LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu
King of Dance
Girl/Female
Afghan, African, Arabic, Celebrity, German, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Muslim, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
A Garland; Flower; Industrious; Necklace; Intoxicating Drink; Queen; Owner; The Mogra; The Lovable One; Jasmine Flower
Boy/Male
Tamil
Praneeth is the name derived from the Sanskrit word praneetham which means calmness
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Iranian, Muslim, Parsi, Zoroastrian
White; Silvery; Made of Silver
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Playful; Goddess Durga
Boy/Male
Biblical
Baldness; ice; frost.
Boy/Male
Biblical
Face or vision of God, that sees God.
Girl/Female
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Name of a River; Goddess Parvati
Girl/Female
Muslim
Protector, Defendant, Central
Girl/Female
Muslim
Star
TABLED LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
TABLED LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
TABLED LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
TABLED LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
TABLED LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
n.
A person skilled in logic.
n.
The science or art of exact reasoning, or of pure and formal thought, or of the laws according to which the processes of pure thinking should be conducted; the science of the formation and application of general notions; the science of generalization, judgment, classification, reasoning, and systematic arrangement; correct reasoning.
n.
The art or process of reasoning; logic.
a.
Lying outside of the domain of logic.
v. t.
To lay or place on a table, as money.
n.
The company assembled round a table.
v. t.
In parliamentary usage, to lay on the table; to postpone, by a formal vote, the consideration of (a bill, motion, or the like) till called for, or indefinitely.
n.
Hence, food placed on a table to be partaken of; fare; entertainment; as, to set a good table.
n.
A small table or flat surface.
v. t.
To form into a table or catalogue; to tabulate; as, to table fines.
a.
Of or pertaining to logic; used in logic; as, logical subtilties.
n.
Logic illustrated by physics.
imp. & p. p.
of Cable
n.
A treatise on logic; as, Mill's Logic.
imp. & p. p.
of Fable
imp. & p. p.
of Table
n.
The art of reasoning; logic.
imp. & p. p.
of Stable
n.
See Logic.
a.
Beyond the scope or province of logic.