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Concept in biology and psychology
A supernormal stimulus or superstimulus is an exaggerated version of a stimulus to which there is an existing response tendency, or any stimulus that elicits
Supernormal_stimulus
Instinctive animal behavior
of these attributes are called supernormal stimuli. A supernormal stimulus leads to an exaggerated response. Supernormal stimuli are more effective at
Fixed_action_pattern
2010 book by Deirdre Barrett
takes its title from Nikolaas Tinbergen's concept in ethology of the supernormal stimulus, the phenomena by which insects, birds, and fish in his experiments
Supernormal_Stimuli
Dutch zoologist and ethologist (1907–1988)
what he termed the supernormal stimulus. This was the concept that one could build an artificial object which was a stronger stimulus or releaser for an
Nikolaas_Tinbergen
Sculptural disposition of human figure
A 2019 eye tracking study, by showing that contrapposto acts as supernormal stimulus and increases perceived attractiveness, has provided evidence and
Contrapposto
Compulsive sexual behaviour
Martini, passingly mentioning NoFap, speak of pornography as a "supernormal stimulus" but use the model of compulsion rather than addiction. Addiction
Pornography_addiction
Lack of or little sexual attraction to others
for romantic-sexual interaction Supernormal stimulus – Concept in biology and psychology; a form of non-sexual stimulus, as opposed to libido Hypersexuality –
Asexuality
Food that triggers the brain's reward system
Hedonic hunger Junk food Obesity and the environment Palatability Supernormal stimulus Fazzino, Tera L.; Rohde, Kaitlyn; Sullivan, Debra K. (2019-11-01)
Hyperpalatable_food
Branch of psychology
shows up in the phenomenon of the supernormal stimulus, a stimulus that elicits a response more strongly than the stimulus for which the response evolved
Evolutionary_psychology
Influence of pornography on an individual and their intimate relationships
chosen to abstain from the material) speak of pornography as a "supernormal stimulus" but use the model of compulsion rather than addiction. A number
Effects_of_pornography
by Tinbergen on the egg-retrieval behaviour and the effects of a "supernormal stimulus" on the behaviour of greylag geese. One investigation of this kind
Animal_behaviour
Directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to light
moon, resulting in the organism repeatedly responding to this new supernormal stimulus and innately flying toward it. Evidence for the innate response of
Phototaxis
Study of animal behavior and its underlying mechanistic control by the nervous system
herring gulls as his model system. This led to the concept of the supernormal stimulus. Tinbergen is also well known for his four questions that he believed
Neuroethology
Species of beetle
species behaviour. This behaviour is often given as an example of a supernormal stimulus. This species can be found in the arid and semi- arid areas of Queensland
Julodimorpha_bakewelli
Book by Richard Dawkins
For instance, stickleback fish treat a pear-shape as a sex bomb (a supernormal stimulus). Gulls' hard-wired instincts make them reach over and roll back
River_Out_of_Eden
Argument against assuming the existence of God
response to a certain stimulus. Natural selection can leave animals behaving in detrimental ways when they encounter a supernormal stimulus - like a moth flying
Argument_from_poor_design
Neuroscientific approaches purposed under the scope of applied aesthetics
frequency than the original with which it was trained. This is called a supernormal stimulus. The fact that the rat is responding more to a "super" rectangle
Neuroesthetics
Facial structure found in birds and various other animal clades
"The Red Gape of the Nestling Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) is not a supernormal stimulus for three common hosts". Behaviour. 136 (9): 759–777. doi:10.1163/156853999501559
Beak
2005 BBC documentary television series
the reason for this lies in a neurological principle known as the supernormal stimulus, which Spivey demonstrates by replicating Nikolaas Tinbergen's experiment
How_Art_Made_the_World
Genus of beetles
tubercules (bobbly bits). The beetles' behavior was an example of a supernormal stimulus. The report won Gwynne and Rentz the 2011 Ig Nobel Prize in biology
Julodimorpha
Type of unpleasant bodily feeling
resolves once the noxious stimulus is removed and the body has healed, but it may persist despite removal of the stimulus and apparent healing of the
Pain
Claims of perceiving information by a 6th sense, the mind
so called because normal vision was regarded as coming first, while supernormal vision is a secondary thing, confined to certain individuals. An dà shealladh
Extrasensory_perception
Medical intervention
retina, and the stimulus conditions (flash or pattern stimulus, whether a background light is present, and the colors of the stimulus and background)
Electroretinography
Branch of psychology
disorders. Abnormal includes three different categories; they are subnormal, supernormal and paranormal. The science of abnormal psychology studies two types
Abnormal_psychology
Critical potential value
comparing the control threshold to thresholds produced by refractoriness, supernormality, strength-duration time constant or "threshold electrotonus" are more
Threshold_potential
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
KCNV2 retinopathy, historically referred to as cone dystrophy with supernormal rod electroretinogram, is a rare autosomal recessive inherited retinal
KCNV2
Concept in some strands of Buddhism
transposition of the supplicant into the realm of the buddha without the aid of supernormal powers acquired through one's own meditative accomplishment. Depending
Other_power
Supernormal aspect of visual perception
of individual receptor cells, usually in more than one location of the stimulus space, has implications concerning performance in these tasks. Low contrast
Hyperacuity
Austrian zoologist (1903–1989)
instinctive behaviors (fixed action patterns). They experimented with "supernormal stimuli" such as giant eggs or dummy bird beaks which they found could
Konrad_Lorenz
Effort to improve purported human genetic quality
selective breeding by a powerful sisterhood, the Bene Gesserit, to produce a supernormal male being, the Kwisatz Haderach. The Star Trek franchise features a
Eugenics
Method of eye examination
scanner". Appl Opt. 1989;28(4):804-8. Liang J, Williams DR, Miller DT. "Supernormal vision and high-resolution retinal imaging through adaptive optics".
Scanning_laser_ophthalmoscopy
Communication to start a relationship with someone or to get sexual contact
preferences are the result of preexisting sensory biases, such as that for supernormal stimuli. These could drive the evolution of courtship displays. Courtship –
Courtship_display
Abnormal state of wakefulness or altered state of consciousness
Indo-Tibetan Yoga. SUNY Press. p. 13. Lawlor (1991: p. 374) states that: "The supernormal, super sensory powers of Aboriginal wise woman and men of high degree
Trance
Irish medium and parapsychologist (1893–1970)
(1938) Telepathy in Search of a Lost Faculty (1941) Adventures in the Supernormal: A Personal Memoir (1949) The Sense and Nonsense of Prophecy (1950) Does
Eileen_J._Garrett
Study of paranormal and psychic phenomena
the tests by claiming the cards lacked a psychic energy called "energy stimulus" and that she could not perform clairvoyance to order. The parapsychologist
Parapsychology
Psychic ability
researchers discount the first decade of Rhine's work with Zener cards. Stimulus leakage or cheating could account for all his findings. Slight indentations
Telepathy
Abode of a buddha or bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism
Pāḷi text, the Buddhavamsa, describes how the Buddha is able to use his supernormal powers to generate jewelled walkways and pillars for the benefit of others
Pure_Land
French jurist, academic, and founding member of the Nancy School of Hypnosis
(Saturday, 22 January 1921), p. 4. Sommer, Andreas (2013), "Normalizing the Supernormal: The Formation of the “Gesellschaft Für Psychologische Forschung” (“Society
Jules_Liégeois
English psychiatrist and anthropologist (1864–1922)
minute details in familiar and strictly limited surrounding, and not to supernormal visual acuity. It was at this point that Rivers began collecting family
W._H._R._Rivers
SUPERNORMAL STIMULUS
SUPERNORMAL STIMULUS
SUPERNORMAL STIMULUS
SUPERNORMAL STIMULUS
Boy/Male
Tamil
A jewel worn on the head
Boy/Male
Indian
Unique
Surname or Lastname
German
German : perhaps a habitational name for someone from Raden near Güstrow in Mecklenburg.English : habitational name from Radnor in Cornwall or various other minor places so named.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : in medieval times this did not denote a rank in the army, but was an occupational name for a servant, Middle English, Old French sergent (Latin serviens, genitive servientis, present participle of servire ‘to serve’). The surname probably originated for the most part in this sense, but the word also developed various more specialized meanings, being used for example as a technical term for a tenant by military service below the rank of a knight, and as the name for any of certain administrative and legal officials in different localities, which may also have contributed to the development of the surname. The sense ‘non-commissioned officer’ did not arise until the 16th century.William Sargent (1624–1717) came to Gloucester, MA, from Devon, England before 1678. Many of his descendants distinguished themselves in the civil and military affairs of the colonies and some in literary or artistic paths, notably the portrait painter John Singer Sargent (1856–1925).
Boy/Male
African, Australian
Champion
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian
Blessing; Loan
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Soul of the World
Boy/Male
Hindu
Master of medicines, The king of medicine
Boy/Male
Tamil
Love
Surname or Lastname
English or Scottish
English or Scottish : unexplained. Posslbly a variant of Sprouls.
SUPERNORMAL STIMULUS
SUPERNORMAL STIMULUS
SUPERNORMAL STIMULUS
SUPERNORMAL STIMULUS
SUPERNORMAL STIMULUS
n.
Incitement; stimulus; as, provocation to mirth.
n.
A natural susceptibility, characteristic of all living organisms, tissues, and cells, to the influence of certain stimuli, response being manifested in a variety of ways, -- as that quality in plants by which they exhibit motion under suitable stimulation; esp., the property which living muscle processes, of responding either to a direct stimulus of its substance, or to the stimulating influence of its nerve fibers, the response being indicated by a change of form, or contraction; contractility.
v. t.
That which excites or produces a temporary increase of vital action, either in the whole organism or in any of its parts; especially (Physiol.), any substance or agent capable of evoking the activity of a nerve or irritable muscle, or capable of producing an impression upon a sensory organ or more particularly upon its specific end organ.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or produced by, stimulus or excitation without the necessary intervention of consciousness.
v. t.
A goad; hence, something that rouses the mind or spirits; an incentive; as, the hope of gain is a powerful stimulus to labor and action.
n.
The special properties and functions of the nerves; that capacity for transmitting a stimulus which belongs to nerves.
n.
A disproportionately rapid growth of the upper surface of dorsiventral organs, such as leaves, through the stimulus of exposure to light.
pl.
of Stimulus
n.
An impression, or the consciousness of an impression, made upon the central nervous organ, through the medium of a sensory or afferent nerve or one of the organs of sense; a feeling, or state of consciousness, whether agreeable or disagreeable, produced either by an external object (stimulus), or by some change in the internal state of the body.