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Nontrinitarian Christian doctrine taught by Lelio and Fausto Sozzini
2008-10-06. "Center for Socinian, Philosophical & Religious Studies". "Socinianism". Socinianism.com. – A site presenting Socinianism as a rational, biblical
Socinianism
Nontrinitarian sect of Christianity
(2010). "The Socinian Challenge to Protestant Christianity". Reason and Religion in the English Revolution: The Challenge of Socinianism. Cambridge Studies
Unitarianism
17th-century Church of England argument
National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. The charge of Socinianism against Dr. Tillotson considered: In examination of some sermons he has
Socinian_controversy
Members of the Minor Reformed Church of Poland
non-trinitarian doctrine, inspired by the writings of Michael Servetus. Later on, Socinianism, named for the Italian theologian Fausto Sozzini, became its main theological
Polish_Brethren
Christological doctrine attributed to Arius
denominations, although some of these groups espouse related doctrines such as Socinianism, and others avoid the term "Arian" because of its historically negative
Arianism
English polymath (1642–1727)
concludes that Newton was at least a Socinian sympathiser (he owned and had thoroughly read at least eight Socinian books), possibly an Arian and almost
Isaac_Newton
Italian theologian and co-founder of Socinianism (1525–1562)
Sozzini, founder of the Nontrinitarian Christian belief system known as Socinianism. His doctrine was developed among the Polish Brethren in the Polish Reformed
Lelio_Sozzini
Restorationist Christian denominations
and prevented the Christian church from being destroyed by Arianism or Socinianism. Catholics who do not read scripture worship externally only, to prevent
Swedenborgianism
16th-century movement in Western Christianity
God the Father for the original sin). Their followers became known as Socinians. After Servetus's execution Calvin strengthened his position as the leading
Reformation
First-century Jewish preacher and religious leader
Christians. With the Reformation, Christians such as Michael Servetus and the Socinians started questioning the ancient creeds that had established Jesus's two
Jesus
Italian theologian and co-founder of Socinianism (1539–1604)
Sozzini, founder of the Nontrinitarian Christian belief system known as Socinianism. His doctrine was developed among the Polish Brethren in the Polish Reformed
Fausto_Sozzini
Dictionary of African Christian Biography. Retrieved 4 June 2023. "Socinianism". Catholic Answers. Retrieved 2023-05-24. "Jansenism | Description, History
List_of_Christian_heresies
bigamy. Calvinism, again, in various distinct countries, has become Socinianism, and Calvin himself seems to have denied our Lord's Eternal Sonship and
History_of_Unitarianism
American theologian
influence of Servetus in the world and the development and ideas of the Socinian movement in the 16th and 17th centuries, precursors of the Enlightenment
Marian_Hillar
18th-century Bavarian secret society
Berlin masons were now warned against the order, which was now accused of Socinianism, and of using the liberal writings of Voltaire and others, alongside
Illuminati
American professor and historian of Christianity (1914–2000)
movements that emerged during the Protestant Reformation, primarily Socinianism and Unitarianism. George Pease Williams was born in 1914. His father
George_Huntston_Williams
Restorationist nontrinitarian Christian denomination
Pope, Hugh (1912). "Socinianism". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 14. New York: Robert Appleton Company – via New Advent. 'Socinianism' in Ologies & -Isms
Christadelphians
German theologian
Latin: Ruarius; pseudonym: Aretius Crispinus; 1589–1657) was a German Socinian theologian, advocate of religious tolerance, and rector of the Racovian
Marcin_Ruar
Unitarian Christian denomination
distinct Gods (Binitarianism); or that he originated at the virgin birth (Socinianism); or that he was simply a godly man (Adoptionism or Psilanthropism).
Biblical_unitarianism
Rejection of the Christian doctrine of the Trinity
regarded Jesus as the Jewish Messiah and the greatest prophet of God only; Socinianism – Photinus taught that Jesus was the sinless Messiah and redeemer, and
Nontrinitarianism
Dutch theologian (1569–1622)
'Calvinism, Arminianism and Socinianism in the Netherlands until the Synod of Dort', in M. Mulslow and J. Rohls (eds), Socinianism And Arminianism: Antitrinitarians
Conrad_Vorstius
Dissent. § 7. The spread of Arianism and the First Socinian Controversy. Herbert John McLachlan Socinianism in seventeenth-century England 1951 p299 Sir Adolphus
Henry_Hedworth
of Socinianism in Germany. Encouraged by the connections of German Antitrinitarians to the Racovian Academy in Poland, German and Polish Socinians attempted
University_of_Altdorf
Postulation about the significance of Christ's death
Governmental Arminian Subjective paradigm Moral influence Mixed Moral example Socinian Types Limited Scholastic Reformed Unlimited Amyraldism Arminianism Protestantism
Penal_substitution
Existence of Christ before his incarnation as Jesus
Newadvent.org. Retrieved 18 July 2012. John Marshall, Locke, Socinianism, "Socinianism", and Unitarianism, from p. 111 in M. A. Stewart (editor), English
Pre-existence_of_Christ
English philosopher and physician (1632–1704)
times unsure about the subject of original sin, so he was accused of Socinianism, Arianism, or Deism. Locke argued that the idea that "all Adam's Posterity
John_Locke
English theologian (1616–1683)
(1655), a treatise written by order of the Council of State against Socinianism as expounded by John Biddle; On the Mortification of Sin in Believers
John_Owen_(theologian)
Bi-confederate monarchy in Europe (1569–1795)
of Poland: "Poland is a receptacle of all religions, where Samosetans, Socinians, Photinians ..., Arians, Anabaptists are to be found"; "In Europe, Poland
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth
Village in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland
Lubieniecki, Socinian Piotr of Goniądz, Socinian Gregory Paul of Brzeziny, Socinian Marcin Czechowic, Socinian Jan Niemojewski, Socinian Mikołaj Sienicki
Raków,_Kielce_County
French writer and philosopher (1694–1778)
which he never lost. This set him apart from Socinianism even though he admired the simplicity of Socinian theology as well as their ...". J. Jefferson
Voltaire
English founder of Quakers (1624–1691)
among others, a Roman Catholic Jesuit, an Arminian, an Arian (probably a Socinian), a nudist Adamite, a Soul Sleeper, an Anabaptist performing credobaptism
George_Fox
Dutch philosopher and jurist (1583–1645)
Counter-Remonstrants as moving beyond the teachings of Arminius into Socinianism, and he was accused of teaching irreligion. Leading the call for Vorstius'
Hugo_Grotius
Belief in a god based on rational thought
(2010). "The Socinian Challenge to Protestant Christianity". Reason and Religion in the English Revolution: The Challenge of Socinianism. Cambridge Studies
Deism
Belief that Jesus was made flesh by being conceived in the womb of a woman
denied Jesus' divinity so it is certain that he would have also rejected Socinianism as a form of Arianism which both rejects that Jesus is God, and, also
Incarnation_(Christianity)
Protestant denominational family
Orthodoxy Palamism Free Grace theology Open theism Lutheranism Molinism Socinianism The name Calvinism derives from the French reformer John Calvin. Reformed
Reformed_Christianity
Protestant Separatists from the Church of England
Friends. The followers of Socinianism were Unitarian or Nontrinitarian in theology and influenced by the Polish Brethren. The Socinians of 17th century England
English_Dissenters
Non-creedal liberal religious movement
Laelio Sozzini and the Polish Socinians. Unitarian churches were formally established in Transylvania and Poland (by the Socinians) in the second half of the
Unitarian_Universalism
Latin for "god" or "deity"
Neoplatonism § The One Chinese theology § Confucian theology Averroism Socinianism Unmoved mover Watchmaker God Movements 18th-century England and France
Deus
Worship of or belief in multiple deities
Neoplatonism § The One Chinese theology § Confucian theology Averroism Socinianism Unmoved mover Watchmaker God Movements 18th-century England and France
Polytheism
Philosophy of religion
Neoplatonism § The One Chinese theology § Confucian theology Averroism Socinianism Unmoved mover Watchmaker God Movements 18th-century England and France
Christian_deism
Name list
designer Iwan Tukalo, Scottish rugby union footballer Iwan Tyszkiewicz, Socinian Unitarian executed for blasphemy and heresy by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Iwan_(name)
now consider him a Nontrinitarian Arian. He may have been influenced by Socinian christology. Newton was born into an Anglican family three months after
Religious views of Isaac Newton
Religious_views_of_Isaac_Newton
Presbyterians, the largest party of Puritans, in the course of the 1650s. Socinianism, an anti-trinitarian position, had made a few in-roads into England in
History of the Puritans from 1649
History_of_the_Puritans_from_1649
English Unitarian minister (1615–1662)
Vindiciae Evangelicae; or, The Mystery of the Gospel Vindicated and Socinianism Examined. He was again in trouble with the Parliament of 1654–55, which
John_Biddle_(Unitarian)
Iwan Tyszkiewicz or Iwan (Jan) Tyszkowic (15?? – 1611) was a Socinian Unitarian executed for blasphemy and heresy by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Iwan_Tyszkiewicz
Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer (1712–1778)
itself a daring innovation for the time. The vicar's creed was that of Socinianism (or Unitarianism as it is called today). Because it rejected original
Jean-Jacques_Rousseau
Swiss theologian (1693–1754)
publication of his thesis in 1713, and he ultimately fell under suspicion of Socinianism when he was unwilling to defend the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity
Johann_Jakob_Wettstein
Nontrinitarian statement of Christian faith from the 17th century
Socinians accepted the infallibility of the New Testament and so accepted the account of the literal virgin birth of Jesus, but many later Socinians (i
Racovian_Catechism
German writer regarded as the first western atheist
legal principle according to Ulpian. Knutzen was obviously inspired by Socinianism. Other influences (e.g., Spinoza) are difficult to discern and are disputed
Matthias_Knutzen
Satirical essay by Jonathan Swift
opponents, including freethinkers, deists, Antitrinitarians, atheists, Socinians, and other so-called "Dissenters." The essay was written in 1708 and,
An Argument Against Abolishing Christianity
An_Argument_Against_Abolishing_Christianity
Belief that God and reality are identical
used and popularized by Irish writer John Toland in his work of 1705 Socinianism Truly Stated, by a Pantheist. Toland was influenced by both Spinoza and
Pantheism
Italian Reformation, 1520s, Italy
Europe's house divided, 1490–1700. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-028534-5. cf. SocinianismServetus Generally capitalized "b. U." - Dowley 1977 Larsen 2011 Robertson
Reformation_in_Italy
Royal Navy officer
are others who even hope to bring back Priestley's theology. They see Socinianism as a potentially important and shaping force in the (re)creation of a
Sir Anthony Buzzard, 3rd Baronet
Sir_Anthony_Buzzard,_3rd_Baronet
Postulation about the significance of Christ's death
Governmental Arminian Subjective paradigm Moral influence Mixed Moral example Socinian Types Limited Scholastic Reformed Unlimited Amyraldism Arminianism Protestantism
Substitutionary_atonement
Cyrenaic presbyter (died 336)
Contemporary Unitarian Universalist Christians often may be either Arian or Socinian in their Christology, seeing Jesus as a distinctive moral figure but not
Arius
English churchman (1602-1644)
Protestants is acutely argued, and was commended by John Locke. The charge of Socinianism was frequently brought against Chillingworth, but, as John Tillotson
William_Chillingworth
English poet and civil servant (1608–1674)
known as Arianism; and his sympathy or curiosity was probably engaged by Socinianism: in August 1650 he licensed for publication by William Dugard the Racovian
John_Milton
German Lutheran theologian, reformer, and historian
Johannes Musaeus Johann Wilhelm Baier Thirty Years' War Adversaries Jesuits Socinians Calvinists Late Orthodoxy David Hollatz Martin Moller Johann Arndt Christian
David_Chytraeus
English church leader (c. 1639–1707)
Doctrine of the Holy and Ever Blessed Trinity (1690), in response to Socinianism. The Case of the Allegiance Due to Sovereign Powers Stated and Resolved
William_Sherlock_(theologian)
Remonstrant creed
impulses." In the confession, the Remonstrants gave a clear repudiation of Socinianism‟s denials of the divinity of Christ and the trinity: Therefore, the Son
Remonstrant_Confession
French mathematician (1717–1783)
suggested that the Geneva clergymen had moved from Calvinism to pure Socinianism, basing this on information provided by Voltaire. The Pastors of Geneva
Jean_Le_Rond_d'Alembert
Clerke (1626–c.1697) was an English mathematician, natural philosopher and Socinian theological writer. Born at Uppingham, Rutland, in 1626, he was a son of
Gilbert_Clerke
English Baptist minister and controversialist (1754–1815)
theory of the atonement against hyper-Calvinism on the one hand and Socinianism and Sandemanianism on the other. Abraham Booth accused him of giving
Andrew_Fuller
articles on Polish Brethren and Socinianism The Racovian Academy served as a centre for the propagation of Socinian belief in both western and eastern
Racovian_Academy
November 30, 1680) was an Arian writer and publisher of Socinian works without himself being a Socinian. His name was Latinized as Christophorus Sandius, though
Christopher_Sandius
Theory in Christian theology
model. Fausto Sozzini's Socinian arm of the Reformation maintained a belief in the moral influence view of the atonement. Socinianism was an early form of
Moral influence theory of atonement
Moral_influence_theory_of_atonement
Swiss Calvinist theologian and physician (1524–1583)
of the new church system was to excommunicate Erastus on a charge of Socinianism, founded on his correspondence with Transylvania. The ban was not removed
Thomas_Erastus
Person seen as professing orthodoxy to mask actual belief
18th centuries the term was often applied to those suspected of secret Socinian, Arian, or Deist beliefs. The term was apparently introduced by John Calvin
Nicodemite
Glorification of a subject to divine level
was practiced in ancient Japan towards their emperors. Followers of Socinianism were later accused of practicing anthropolatry. Anthropologist Ludwig
Apotheosis
German Lutheran theologian and Protestant Reformer
Johannes Musaeus Johann Wilhelm Baier Thirty Years' War Adversaries Jesuits Socinians Calvinists Late Orthodoxy David Hollatz Martin Moller Johann Arndt Christian
Jakob_Andreae
The Routledge Companion to the Study of Religion. 2005, page 441. "Socinianism". Catholic Answers. Retrieved 2023-05-24. "The Great Heresies | Catholic
List of heresies in the Catholic Church
List_of_heresies_in_the_Catholic_Church
English churchman
by Faith (1672). Bunyan described the Design as "a mixture of Popery, Socinianism and Quakerism," an accusation to which Fowler replied in a scurrilous
Edward_Fowler_(bishop)
Unitarian Christian denomination based in Cluj, Romania
in Transylvania received many refugees following the expulsion of the Socinian Polish Brethren from Poland on July 20, 1658, and maintained contact with
Unitarian Church of Transylvania
Unitarian_Church_of_Transylvania
Scottish theologian
then state of Scottish theology, there was danger of Sabellianism and Socinianism, none of Arianism. His own account is closely confirmed by the evidence
John_Simson
British theologian
was a close associate. A brief history of the Unitarians, called also Socinians: in four letters, written to a friend (published anonymously at London
Stephen_Nye
English publisher and author
published in the Annual Anthology of 1799. Early Recollections Essays on Socinianism Reminiscences of Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert Southey (full text
Joseph_Cottle
Unitarian Church of Transylvania Szekler Sabbatarians Unitarisk Kirkesamfund Socinianism Polish Brethren Unitarian Christian Conference USA Unitarian Christian
List of Christian denominations
List_of_Christian_denominations
Saving of people from sin in Christianity
However, Fausto Sozzini's Socinian arm of the Reformation maintained a belief in the moral influence view of the atonement. Socinianism was an early form of
Salvation_in_Christianity
Italian printer
His books promoted the Italian heretical thinkers at the origins of Socinianism and the theory of Tolerance. He was a major publisher of Protestant historians
Pietro_Perna
Archbishop of Canterbury from 1691 to 1694
published four lectures on the Socinian controversy, partly to clear his own name from charges of sympathy with Socinianism in his previous associations
John_Tillotson
Book regarding theories of atonement in Christianity
Governmental Arminian Subjective paradigm Moral influence Mixed Moral example Socinian Types Limited Scholastic Reformed Unlimited Amyraldism Arminianism Protestantism
Christus_Victor
English chemist and polymath (1733–1804)
of religious instruction. More importantly, he laid out his belief in Socinianism. The doctrines he explicated would become the standards for Unitarians
Joseph_Priestley
Topics referred to by the same term
(since 2nd century) Arian controversy (4-5th century) Filioque controversy Socinian controversy (19th century) This disambiguation page lists articles associated
Trinitarian_controversy
English Baptist minister, theologian, author, and founder of Rhode Island
a "Seeker", associating him with a heretical movement that accepted Socinianism and Universal Reconciliation, but Williams rejected both of these ideas
Roger_Williams
Irish Enlightenment Philosopher (1670-1722)
Biblical canon. Toland identified himself as a pantheist in his publication Socinianism Truly Stated, by a pantheist in 1705. At the time when he wrote Christianity
John_Toland
Recognition and respect all beliefs or lack thereof
every religion originated from God's revelation. Henry Stubbe and other Socinians syncretized Unitarianism with Islamic theology. Unitarian Universalism
Omnism
English preacher, theologian and prolific author
Watling Street. Walker retorted upon Goodwin and others with a charge of Socinianism in the article of justification. Goodwin was one of the earliest clerical
John_Goodwin_(preacher)
Overview of and topical guide to Protestantism
making it transition from Arianism to Socinianism. Marcin Czechowic (1532–1613) – Polish arian (later socinian) pastor, biblical translator and leader
Outline_of_Protestantism
Christian belief that the human soul is not naturally immortal
life. Snobelen (2005), "Isaac Newton, Socinianism and 'The One Supreme God'", in Muslow; Rohls (eds.), Socinianism and Arminianism: Antitrinitarians, Calvinists
Christian_mortalism
(1957). Socinianism in Poland. The Social and Political Ideas of the Polish Antitrinitarians. Boston. Lech Szczucki, ed. (1983). Socinianism and its role
Piotr_of_Goniądz
pre-existence of the Logos, and holds that the Son was God's first creation. Socinianism, the view that Jesus was a mere man, and had no existence before his
Conceptions_of_God
German theologian (1603–1666)
Johannes Musaeus Johann Wilhelm Baier Thirty Years' War Adversaries Jesuits Socinians Calvinists Late Orthodoxy David Hollatz Martin Moller Johann Arndt Christian
Johann_Conrad_Dannhauer
Ruler of Poland–Lithuania from 1648 to 1668
VII for him and his successors, as a reward for the expulsion of the Socinians from the Polish lands by the Sejm in 1658. "Jan Kazimierz". Sciaga.pl
John_II_Casimir_Vasa
German Socinian theologian (1572–1622)
attacked the views of the Lutheran Frantzius (Wolfgang Franz). Kot S. Socinianism in Poland GAMEO Smalc Owen "Website Disabled". Erich Wenneker (1995)
Valentinus_Smalcius
Religious organization in the United States
the appearance in some places of false doctrines, such as Arianism, Socinianism and Pelagianism. In order to provide adequate preparation to candidates
Methodist_Episcopal_Church
Literary work by Voltaire
Church of England Letter VI: On The Presbyterians Letter VII: On The Socinians, or Arians, or Antitrinitarians Letter VIII: On The Parliament Letter
Letters_on_the_English
Doctrine in Christian theology
"moral government theory". The governmental theory arose in opposition to Socinianism. Hugo Grotius (1583–1645) wrote Defensio fidei catholicae de satisfactione
Governmental theory of atonement
Governmental_theory_of_atonement
translation, but did not suppress his Socinian ideas; e.g., he used "immersion" instead of "baptism." A further truly Socinian Racovian New Testament was published
Bible translations into Polish
Bible_translations_into_Polish
1794 deistic state religion during the French Revolution
Neoplatonism § The One Chinese theology § Confucian theology Averroism Socinianism Unmoved mover Watchmaker God Movements 18th-century England and France
Cult_of_the_Supreme_Being
British theologian
writing in the Dictionary of National Biography, Benson's views were "Socinian" though at this period the term is often confused with Arian. Benson was
George_Benson_(theologian)
SOCINIANISM
SOCINIANISM
SOCINIANISM
SOCINIANISM
Girl/Female
Hindu
She who has voice sweeter
Girl/Female
Native American
Stays at home.
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Rock that helps. Ebeneezer Scrooge was the main character of Charles Dickens' story 'A Christmas...
Biblical
the Lord send peace,Jehovah send peace
Girl/Female
Hindu
Male
English
 Short form of English Richard, DICK means "powerful ruler." Compare with another form of Dick.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Well known companion of the prophet
Boy/Male
Indian
Compeller, Comforter, Compelled
Boy/Male
Indian
Well-spoken
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Lord Shiva and Nectar
SOCINIANISM
SOCINIANISM
SOCINIANISM
SOCINIANISM
SOCINIANISM
n.
One of the followers of Socinus; a believer in Socinianism.
n.
The tenets or doctrines of Faustus Socinus, an Italian theologian of the sixteenth century, who denied the Trinity, the deity of Christ, the personality of the Devil, the native and total depravity of man, the vicarious atonement, and the eternity of future punishment. His theory was, that Christ was a man divinely commissioned, who had no existence before he was conceived by the Virgin Mary; that human sin was the imitation of Adam's sin, and that human salvation was the imitation and adoption of Christ's virtue; that the Bible was to be interpreted by human reason; and that its language was metaphorical, and not to be taken literally.
v. t.
To cause to conform to Socinianism; to regulate by, or imbue with, the principles of Socinianism.