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Persistence of a biological trait under uncertain conditions
In evolutionary biology, robustness of a biological system (also called biological or genetic robustness) is the persistence of a certain characteristic
Robustness_(evolution)
Ability of a system to resist change without adapting its initial stable configuration
instability can be estimated, leading to the concept of stochastic robustness. "Robustness in the small" refers to situations wherein perturbations are small
Robustness
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Robustness, robustness, Robust, or robust in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Robustness is the property of being strong and healthy in constitution
Robustness_(disambiguation)
Evolutionary process
brow ridges and general robustness of males. Another important physiological change related to sexuality in humans was the evolution of hidden estrus. Humans
Human_evolution
Ability of a computer system to cope with errors during execution
computer science, robustness is the ability of a computer system to cope with errors during execution and cope with erroneous input. Robustness can encompass
Robustness_(computer_science)
Change in the heritable traits of populations
Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. It occurs when evolutionary processes
Evolution
Capacity of a system for adaptive evolution
low level of robustness. Thus, robustness reduces the amount of heritable genetic variation on which selection can act. However, robustness may allow exploration
Evolvability
Type of statistics
this is a minority usage. Plain 'robustness' to mean 'distributional robustness' is common. When considering how robust an estimator is to the presence
Robust_statistics
Chronological outline of major events in the development of plants
nature and robustness of the evidence. Plant evolution is an aspect of the study of biological evolution, predominantly involving evolution of plants suited
Timeline_of_plant_evolution
Measure of the ability of a population to produce the same phenotype
robustness. Neither canalisation nor robustness are simple quantities to quantify: it is always necessary to specify which trait is canalised (robust)
Canalisation_(genetics)
Origin and diversification of primates through geologic time
other primates require assisted birth. Evolution of mammals List of fossil primates Timeline of human evolution Maxwell 1984, p. 296 Rui Zhang; Yin-Qiu
Evolution_of_primates
Overview of and topical guide to change in the heritable characteristics of organisms
unstable and do not last long Recurrent evolution – Repeated evolution of a particular trait Robustness (evolution) – Persistence of a biological trait under
Outline_of_evolution
Switzerland. He is known for his work on the role of robustness and innovation in biological evolution. Wagner is professor and chairman at the Department
Andreas_Wagner
Architectural concept used in software design
the different categories of classes in order to ensure the robustness of the design. Robustness diagrams allow to visually represent the relation between
Entity–control–boundary
The evolution of mammals has passed through many stages since the first appearance of their synapsid ancestors in the Pennsylvanian sub-period of the
Evolution_of_mammals
The evolution of cetaceans is thought to have proceeded in modern day Pakistan during the Eocene epoch (56–34 mya), the second epoch of the Paleogene
Evolution_of_cetaceans
American computer scientist
"Effects of population size and mutation rate on the evolution of mutational robustness". Evolution. 61 (3): 666–674. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00064
Charles_Ofria
Evolutionary biology hypothesis
restriction on the evolution of protein sequences. It has been proposed that the presence of chaperones may, by providing additional robustness to errors in
Evolutionary_capacitance
American integrative biologist
Wagner; et al. (1 September 2003). "Perspective: Evolution and detection of genetic robustness". Evolution. 57 (9): 1959–1972. doi:10.1111/J.0014-3820.2003
Lauren_Meyers
Method of mathematical optimization
Differential evolution (DE) is an evolutionary algorithm to optimize a problem by iteratively trying to improve a candidate solution with regard to a
Differential_evolution
Limbless, scaly, elongate reptile
with greatly reduced limbs at least twenty-five times via convergent evolution, leading to many lineages of legless lizards. These resemble snakes, but
Snake
Set of genes all related by point mutations that have equivalent function or fitness
neutral evolution, genes can randomly move through neutral networks and traverse regions of sequence space which may have consequences for robustness and
Neutral_network_(evolution)
Group of mammals that walk on the tips of their toes or hooves
striking example of convergent evolution. There is some dispute as to whether this smaller Euungulata is a cladistic (evolution-based) group, or merely a phenetic
Ungulate
Order of mammals
through convergent evolution maintained the small, ancestral appearance of the miacoids, though there is some variation seen such as the robust and stout physicality
Carnivora
Process in biology
situated agents for behavioural robustness. BioSystems 106, pp. 94–110. Fernandez-Leon, J.A. (2011). Behavioural robustness: a link between distributed mechanisms
Degeneracy_(biology)
Contested extinct genus of hominins
to be synonymous with Australopithecus. They are also referred to as the robust australopithecines. They lived between approximately 2.9 and at least 1
Paranthropus
Evolutionary process
(October–December 1994). "Obstetric implications of Neanderthal robusticity and bone density". Human Evolution. 9 (4): 331–342. doi:10.1007/BF02435519. S2CID 86590348
Adaptation
Common ancestor evolutionary evidence
of the evidence on which evolutionary theory rests, demonstrates that evolution does occur, and illustrates the processes that created Earth's biodiversity
Evidence_of_common_descent
Objections to evolution have been raised since evolutionary ideas came to prominence in the 19th century. When Charles Darwin published his 1859 book
Objections_to_evolution
The evolution of plants has resulted in a wide range of complexity, from the earliest algal mats of unicellular archaeplastids evolved through endosymbiosis
Evolutionary history of plants
Evolutionary_history_of_plants
Suborder of mammals
inferred from multiple nuclear gene sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 56 (1): 49–63. Bibcode:2010MolPE..56...49E. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010
Caniformia
Development of insects from an ancestral crustacean and their subsequent radiation
The most recent understanding of the evolution of insects is based on studies of the following branches of science: molecular biology, insect morphology
Evolution_of_insects
and Kuruksay, Tadzhikistan. This was followed by an explosion of Canis evolution across Eurasia in the Early Pleistocene around 1.8 million YBP in what
Evolution_of_the_wolf
Jablonski, Nina; Chaplin, George (2000). "The evolution of human skin coloration" (PDF). Journal of Human Evolution. 39 (1): 57–106. Bibcode:2000JHumE..39.
Human_skin_color
1984 book by Robert Axelrod
The Evolution of Cooperation is a 1984 book written by political scientist Robert Axelrod that expands upon a paper of the same name written by Axelrod
The_Evolution_of_Cooperation
Dependence of a gene mutation's phenotype on mutations in other genes
PA, Le Nagard H, Tenaillon O (May 2009). "The Evolution of Epistasis and its Links with Genetic Robustness, Complexity and Drift in a Phenotypic Model of
Epistasis
Hypothesis about the evolution of human language
The cognitive tradeoff hypothesis argues that in the cognitive evolution of humans, there was an evolutionary tradeoff between short-term working memory
Cognitive_tradeoff_hypothesis
Subset of evolutionary computation
Evolutionary algorithms (EA) reproduce essential elements of biological evolution in a computer algorithm in order to solve "difficult" problems, at least
Evolutionary_algorithm
Family of carnivoran mammals
morphologically similar to canids in several elements due to convergent evolution: both hyenas and canines are non-arboreal, cursorial hunters that catch
Hyena
Topics referred to by the same term
network availability Neutral network (evolution) Neutral network (robust), a concept in network connectivity robustness Neutral network (uncorrelated), a
Neutral_network
Origin and diversification of fish through geologic time
by the Late Silurian the agnathans had reached the high point of their evolution. Most of the ostracoderms, such as thelodonts, osteostracans and galeaspids
Evolution_of_fish
overview of notable finds of homini fossils and remains relating to human evolution, beginning with the formation of the tribe Hominini (the divergence of
List of human evolution fossils
List_of_human_evolution_fossils
Evolution-related timelines
The evolution of human intelligence is closely tied to the evolution of the human brain and to the origin of language. The timeline of human evolution spans
Evolution of human intelligence
Evolution_of_human_intelligence
Paraphyletic group of mammals
cougar and cheetah. A 2010 study published in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution has given insight into the exact evolutionary relationships among members
Big_cat
Regulation of nonlinear systems
scheduling to incorporate linear robust control methodologies into nonlinear control design; however the global stability, robustness and performance properties
Linear parameter-varying control
Linear_parameter-varying_control
Species of great ape
in wild chimpanzees: implications for hominoid locomotor evolution". Journal of Human Evolution. 46 (3): 315–333. Bibcode:2004JHumE..46..315P. doi:10.1016/j
Chimpanzee
Extinct species of canine mammal
which in the Santa Barbara basin was originally massive, robust, and possibly convergent evolution with the dire wolf, but was replaced by more gracile forms
Dire_wolf
Software development methodology
the Robustness and Efficiency of Continuous Integration and Deployment". 2019 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME)
CI/CD
Process of forming order by local interactions
constrains what evolution can do and provides mechanisms such as the self-assembly of membranes which evolution then exploits. The evolution of order in living
Self-organization
Cultural idea that spreads through imitation
documentation in revered religious texts. Aaron Lynch attributed the robustness of religious memes in human culture to the fact that such memes incorporate
Meme
Totality of psychological phenomena
Erulkar & Lentz 2024, § Evolution and Development of the Nervous System Hatfield 2013, pp. 6–7 Erulkar & Lentz 2024, § Evolution and Development of the
Mind
Strong, positive emotional/mental states
Richard E. (1989). "What's love got to do with it? The solution to one of evolution's greatest riddles". The Sciences: 22–27. doi:10.1002/j.2326-1951.1989
Love
prestin function as both transporters and motors, but the strongest evolution to robust motor dynamics only evolved in therian mammals. It is hypothesized
Evolution_of_the_cochlea
Process which formed the domestic dog
Schleidt, W. (2003). "Co-evolution of humans and canids: An alternative view of dog domestication: Homo homini lupus?" (PDF). Evolution and Cognition. 9 (1):
Domestication_of_the_dog
Cooperation Iterated prisoner's dilemma Tit for tat Ronald A. Heiner. Robust Evolution of Contingent Cooperation in Pure One-Shot Prisoners' Dilemmas. Discussion
Contingent_cooperator
Family of mammals
Coevolution of Sexual Dimorphism and Sociality in Rhinos". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 14 (4): 217–238. doi:10.1007/s10914-007-9048-4. ISSN 1064-7554. D.R.
Rhinoceros
Functions used to evaluate optimization algorithms
characteristics of optimization algorithms, such as convergence rate, precision, robustness and general performance. Here some test functions are presented with the
Test functions for optimization
Test_functions_for_optimization
Family of carnivoran mammals
Verse. The Clarendon Press, p. 202. Kemp, T.S. (2005). The Origin and Evolution of Mammals. Oxford University Press. p. 260. ISBN 978-0-19-850760-4. Wang
Bear
Superorder of cephalopod molluscs
(2006). "Morphological character evolution and molecular trees in sepiids (Mollusca: Cephalopoda): is the cuttlebone a robust phylogenetic marker?". Biological
Squid
Evolutionary effects of sexual selection on humans
females could glean all sorts of clues about a male's health, and the robustness of his ability to cope with stress, from the tone and bearing of his penis
Sexual_selection_in_humans
Ability of a system to handle an increasing amount of work
Centrality Motifs Graph theory Scaling Robustness Systems biology Dynamic networks Adaptive networks Evolution and adaptation Artificial neural network
Scalability
Mathematical biologist
Levin, S. A.; Tarnita, C. E. (2015). "Termite mounds can increase the robustness of dryland ecosystems to climatic change". Science. 347 (6222): 651–655
Corina_Tarnita
Gas layer surrounding Earth
factors such as volcanism, outgassing, impact events, weathering and the evolution of life (particularly the photoautotrophs). In the present day, human
Atmosphere_of_Earth
System where changes of output are not proportional to changes of input
Mathematical Systems Theory I - Modelling, State Space Analysis, Stability and Robustness. Springer Verlag. ISBN 9783540441250. Jordan, D. W.; Smith, P. (2007)
Nonlinear_system
Possible earliest ancestor of the LUCA ancestral cell
strand nucleic acid polymers which increased their stability and the robustness of the system, binding other stabilizing molecules. When FUCA matured
First universal common ancestor
First_universal_common_ancestor
Sharp reduction in the size of a population
mutations occur.[self-published source] This results in a reduction in the robustness of the population and in its ability to adapt to and survive selecting
Population_bottleneck
diversity, the argument for a study in preventing premature convergence lacks robustness, unless specified what their definition of population diversity is. There
Premature_convergence
Evolutionary algorithm
Covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES) is a particular kind of strategy for numerical optimization. Evolution strategies (ES) are stochastic
CMA-ES
Tall African hoofed mammal
habitats, which began 8 mya, are believed to be the main driver for the evolution of giraffes. During this time, tropical plants disappeared and were replaced
Giraffe
Unsolved problem in biology What selection pressures led to the evolution and maintenance of sexual reproduction? More unsolved problems in biology Sexually
Evolution of sexual reproduction
Evolution_of_sexual_reproduction
Pseudoscientific argument for the existence of God
dichotomy in the premise that evidence against evolution constitutes evidence for design. In 1910, evolution was not a topic of major religious controversy
Intelligent_design
Class of marine invertebrates
chordates and thus are of interest for the light they can shed on the evolution of vertebrates. The genome of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus was completed
Sea_urchin
Mammals of the family Leporidae
Similarities between rabbits and rodents were once attributed to convergent evolution, but studies in molecular biology have found a common ancestor between
Rabbit
Infraclass of mammals in the clade Eutheria
66 to 23 mya, following the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. The evolution of crown orders such modern primates, rodents, and carnivores appears
Placentalia
Branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences
This assessment of accuracy is composed of consistency, efficiency, and robustness. MEGA (molecular evolutionary genetics analysis) is an analysis software
Molecular_phylogenetics
Evolution of fish
The evolution of fishes took place over a timeline which spans the Cambrian to the Cenozoic, including during that time in particular the Devonian, which
Timeline_of_fish_evolution
Mobile data technology for GSM networks
according to the quality of the radio channel, and thus the bit rate and robustness of data transmission. It introduces a new technology not found in GPRS
EDGE_(telecommunication)
build a philosophical world view based on these two themes. For Wimsatt, robustness (e.g., believing that a particular apple exists because we can see it
William_C._Wimsatt
Process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species
opportunity can be the loss of antagonists (competitors or predators), the evolution of a key innovation, or dispersal to a new environment. Any one of these
Adaptive_radiation
System composed of many interacting components
and Schuster. Ho, Y. J.; Ruiz Estrada, M. A; Yap, S. F. (2016). "The evolution of complex systems theory and the advancement of econophysics methods
Complex_system
American evolutionary biologist
Robert C McBride; C Brandon Ogbunugafor; Paul E Turner (11 August 2008). "Robustness promotes evolvability of thermotolerance in an RNA virus". BMC Evolutionary
Brandon_Ogbunu
Extinct species of mammal
G. E. (2002). Bison antiquus from Kenora, Ontario, and notes on the evolution of North American Holocene bison. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology
Bison_antiquus
Branch of engineering and mathematics
were fairly robust; the state-space methods invented in the 1960s and 1970s were sometimes found to lack robustness. Examples of modern robust control techniques
Control_theory
Clade of insects
Scott (2012). "3 Evolution and ecological implications of 'specialized' pollinator rewards". In Patiny, Sébastien (ed.). Evolution of Plant-Pollinator
Bee
Concept in physics
financial markets (references to SOC are common in econophysics) The evolution of proteins Forest fires [clarification needed] Neuronal avalanches in
Self-organized_criticality
Approach to systems analyis
theory (VST) concerns cybernetic processes in relation to the development/evolution of dynamical systems: it can be used to explain living systems, which
Viable_system_theory
Process where information about current status is used to influence future status
provide generic mechanisms for controlling the running, maintenance, and evolution of software and computing systems. Feedback loops are important models
Feedback
Paleoproterozoic surge in atmospheric oxygen
mitochondria) may have led to the rise of eukaryotic organisms and the subsequent evolution of multicellular life-forms. The composition of the Earth's earliest atmosphere
Great_Oxidation_Event
Human evolution hypothesis
human evolution. Multiregional evolution holds that the human species first arose around two million years ago and subsequent human evolution has been
Multiregional origin of modern humans
Multiregional_origin_of_modern_humans
Extinct subtribe of the Hominini tribe
australopithecines in Asia would not confuse but could help to clarify the early evolution of hominids ["hominins"] on that continent. This concept would explain
Australopithecine
Group of extinct animals
suggests it may have occassionally scavenged on Deinotherium. Due to the robustness of its forelimbs, it was hypothesized that Barbourofelis loverum could've
Saber-toothed_predator
Protein engineering method
"Evolutionary robustness of an optimal phenotype: re-evolution of lysis in a bacteriophage deleted for its lysin gene". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 61 (2):
Directed_evolution
Branch of psychology
evolution Evolutionary Psychology – free access online scientific journal Evolution and Human Behavior – journal of the Human Behavior and Evolution Society
Evolutionary_psychology
Advanced method of process control
doi:10.1109/9.704989. Nevistić, Vesna; Morari, Manfred (1996-06-01). "Robustness of MPC-Based Schemes for Constrained Control of Nonlinear Systems". IFAC
Model_predictive_control
Intelligence of machines
Edward Fredkin argues that "artificial intelligence is the next step in evolution", an idea first proposed by Samuel Butler's "Darwin among the Machines"
Artificial_intelligence
Jablonski, N.G.; Chaplin, G. (July 2000). "The evolution of human skin coloration". Journal of Human Evolution. 39 (1): 57–106. Bibcode:2000JHumE..39...57J
Sex differences in human physiology
Sex_differences_in_human_physiology
Genus of carcharodontosaurid dinosaurs
Gigantism in theropods evolved independently in separate groups (convergent evolution), with Rodolfo Coria and Leonardo Salgado suggesting it was linked to
Tameryraptor
Species of canine native to North America
Fox, M. W. (1974). "Evolution of Social Behavior in Canids". The Wild Canids: Their Systematics, Behavioral Ecology, and Evolution. New York: Van Nostrand
Coyote
Thin semiconductors
Fabricated Polypyrrole and MoSx Copolymer Films as a Highly Active Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalyst". Advanced Materials. 26 (22): 3761–3766. Bibcode:2014AdM
Transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
Transition_metal_dichalcogenide_monolayers
Extremity at the end of an arm or forelimb
"Evolution of the hand". Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir. 31 (6): 357–61. doi:10.1055/s-1999-13552. PMID 10637723. Almécija, Sergio (2009). Evolution of
Hand
ROBUSTNESS EVOLUTION
ROBUSTNESS EVOLUTION
Boy/Male
Tamil
Avirbhav | அவிரà¯à®ªà®¾à®µ
The exact meaning of this name would be evolution also can mean progress
Avirbhav | அவிரà¯à®ªà®¾à®µ
Boy/Male
Hindu
The exact meaning of this name would be evolution also can mean progress
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Evolution; Progress
Boy/Male
Celebrity, Hindu, Indian
Creator of the Universe; Growth; Evolution; Similar to Brahma
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Sanskrit, Telugu
Creator of the Universe; Growth; Evolution
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Creation; Evolution; Construction
ROBUSTNESS EVOLUTION
ROBUSTNESS EVOLUTION
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Swedish, Swiss, Teutonic
Old; Wise; Archaic; Noble
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Lampkin.
Surname or Lastname
Polish, German, and Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic)
Polish, German, and Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic) : from Polish litwin, an ethnic name for someone from Lithuania (Polish Litwa, Lithuanian Lietuva, a word of uncertain etymology, perhaps a derivative of the river name Leità ). In the 14th century Lithuania was an independent grand duchy which extended from the Baltic to the shores of the Black Sea. It was united with Poland in 1569, and was absorbed into the Russian empire in 1795. The region referred to as Lite in Ashkenazic culture encompassed not only Lithuania but also Latvia, Estonia, Belarus, parts of northern Ukraine, and parts of northeastern Poland.English : from an Old English personal name, Lēohtwine, composed of the elements lēoht ‘light’, ‘bright’ + wine ‘friend’.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Superior; Guardian; Patron
Boy/Male
Arabic
Lion
Boy/Male
Sikh
One who struggles
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Vishnu, Possessor of Lakshmi, Possessor of good fortune
Male
Finnish
 Finnish name ARMO means "grace." Compare with another form of Armo.
Boy/Male
Christian, French, German, Indian
Bowman; Shining One
Male
English
Variant spelling of Middle English Aldine, ALDIN means "old friend."
ROBUSTNESS EVOLUTION
ROBUSTNESS EVOLUTION
ROBUSTNESS EVOLUTION
ROBUSTNESS EVOLUTION
ROBUSTNESS EVOLUTION
a.
Relating to evolution.
a.
Relating to evolution; as, evolutionary discussions.
n.
That part of biology which relates to the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct.
n.
The quality or state of being robust.
n.
Management; dexterous movement; specif., a military or naval evolution, movement, or change of position.
v. t.
To cover or keep in check; as, to mask a body of troops or a fortess by a superior force, while some hostile evolution is being carried out.
n.
The space in a theater between the stage and the audience; -- originally appropriated by the Greeks to the chorus and its evolutions, afterward by the Romans to persons of distinction, and by the moderns to a band of instrumental musicians.
n.
The act of unfolding or unrolling; hence, in the process of growth; development; as, the evolution of a flower from a bud, or an animal from the egg.
n.
The science and art of disposing military and naval forces in order for battle, and performing military and naval evolutions. It is divided into grand tactics, or the tactics of battles, and elementary tactics, or the tactics of instruction.
n.
The history of the individual development of an organism; the history of the evolution of the germ; the development of an individual organism, -- in distinction from phylogeny, or evolution of the tribe. Called also henogenesis, henogeny.
n.
Evolution of one's self; development by inherent quality or power.
n.
One skilled in evolutions.
n.
The act or process of raising a quantity to any power assigned; the multiplication of a quantity into itself a given number of times; -- the reverse of evolution.
n.
A colony or mass of bacteria imbedded in a viscous gelatinous substance. The zoogloea is characteristic of a transitory stage through which rapidly multiplying bacteria pass in the course of their evolution. Also used adjectively.
n.
one who holds the doctrine of evolution, either in biology or in metaphysics.
n.
In evolution, a deviation from the typical sequence in the formation of organs or parts.
n.
The theory of, or belief in, evolution. See Evolution, 6 and 7.
n.
Modified evolution, in which nonprimitive characters make their appearance in consequence of a secondary adaptation of the embryo to the peculiar conditions of its environment; -- distinguished from palingenesis.
n.
the doctrine of design, which assumes that the phenomena of organic life, particularly those of evolution, are explicable only by purposive causes, and that they in no way admit of a mechanical explanation or one based entirely on biological science; the doctrine of adaptation to purpose.
a.
Pertaining to, employed in, or produced by, the evolution of electricity by means of a battery in which water or steam is used.