AI & ChatGPT searches , social queriess for PYGOSTYLE
Search references for PYGOSTYLE. Phrases containing PYGOSTYLE
See searches and references containing PYGOSTYLE!
Search references for PYGOSTYLE. Phrases containing PYGOSTYLE
See searches and references containing PYGOSTYLE!PYGOSTYLE
Tail end of the spine in birds
Pygostyle (/ˈpaɪɡəˌstaɪl/; from Ancient Greek πυγή [pugḗ] 'tail, rump' and στῦλος [stûlos] 'pillar, column') is a skeletal condition in which the final
Pygostyle
Genus of extinct avialan
was initially identified as the oldest known avialan to bear a fused pygostyle, but later research cast doubt on the identification of this structure
Baminornis
Warm-blooded animals with wings and feathers
maniraptoromorphs, and this process culminated in the appearance of the pygostyle, an ossification of fused tail vertebrae. In the late Cretaceous, about
Bird
Clade of extant dinosaurs
to the pygostyle. The Ornithothoraces have a ploughshare-shaped pygostyle, while the more primitive members had longer, rod-shaped pygostyles. The earliest
Pygostylia
Clade of dinosaurs
new group called Sauriurae. Said simply, modern birds have short, fused pygostyle tails, while Archaeopteryx retained the long tail characteristic of non-avian
Ornithurae
Genus of scansoriopterygid dinosaur
point and ended in a pygostyle, a set of fused tail vertebrae. The only other non-avian theropod that are known to have had a pygostyle are certain oviraptorosaurs
Ambopteryx
Physiological structure of birds' bodies
adaptation is the fusing of bones into single ossifications, such as the pygostyle. Because of this, birds usually have a smaller number of bones than other
Bird_anatomy
quill knobs (the anchor points for wing feathers on the forelimb) or a pygostyle (the fused vertebrae at the tail tip which often supports large feathers)
List of non-avian dinosaur species preserved with evidence of feathers
List_of_non-avian_dinosaur_species_preserved_with_evidence_of_feathers
Derivation of birds from a dinosaur precursor
The first element to disappear was the bony tail, being reduced to a pygostyle and the tail function taken over by feathers. Confuciusornis is an example
Evolution_of_birds
Extinct species of bird
the lumbar region and sacrum), six free tail (caudal) vertebrae, and a pygostyle. The neck had well-developed areas for muscle and ligament attachment
Dodo
Genus of anurognathid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic
According to Döderlein, the reduced tail of Anurognathus was similar to the pygostyle of modern birds. Its more typical "rhamphorhynchoid" characters include
Anurognathus
Bone of the pelvis
pelvic cavity. Bone terminology Ganglion impar Human vestigiality Perineum Pygostyle Weisberger, Mindy (March 23, 2024). "Why don't humans have tails? Scientists
Coccyx
Family of birds
(Hemicircus excepting). The inner rectrix pairs became stiffened, and the pygostyle lamina was enlarged in the ancestral lineage of true woodpeckers (Hemicircus
Woodpecker
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
teeth. The tail is proportionately short, has thirteen vertebrae, and no pygostyle. The third finger has only two phalangeal bones, unlike non-avian dinosaurs
Zhongornis
Bony structure found in vertebrates
Caudal vertebrae compose the tail, and the final few can be fused into the pygostyle in birds, or into the coccygeal or tail bone in chimpanzees (and humans)
Spinal_column
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
dorsal ribs, two sacral vertebrae, twenty-five caudal vertebrae with a pygostyle, three chevrons, an incomplete furcula and scapula, both coracoids, both
Beipiaosaurus
Vertebrae of the tail
many vertebrates. In birds, the last few caudal vertebrae fuse into the pygostyle, and in apes, including humans, the caudal vertebrae are fused into the
Caudal_vertebrae
Biological system in animals and plants for gas exchange
pubis (innominate); 15. ilium (innominate); 16. caudal vertebrae; 17. pygostyle; 18. synsacrum; 19. scapula; 20. dorsal vertebrae; 21. humerus; 22. ulna;
Respiratory_system
Extinct clade of avialan dinosaurs
alongside a short, triangular pygostyle, like the ones in modern birds, rather than the long, rod- or dagger-shaped pygostyles in more primitive avialans
Enantiornithes
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
four back vertebrae, two sacral vertebrae, five tail vertebrae, the pygostyle, ribs, a wishbone, both coracoid pelvis bones, the right ilium bone, the
Fukuipteryx
Gland found in some birds
dorsally at the base of the tail (between the fourth caudal vertebra and the pygostyle) and is greatly variable in both shape and size. In some species, the
Uropygial_gland
Order of birds
vibrissae around the gape. They have 13 flight feathers, no tail and a small pygostyle. Their gizzard is weak and their caecum is long and narrow. The eye of
Kiwi_(bird)
Extinct genus of birds
anatomies of the two as very similar and sharing key autapomorphies of the pygostyle. The first thorough review of Sinornis and Cathayornis was published by
Cathayornis
Skeletal structure in some animals
synsacrum there are a few free caudal vertebrae, the last of which is the pygostyle to which the long, stiff tail feathers are attached. The central section
Synsacrum
Chickens with caudal dysplasia
Rumpless chickens are characterised by caudal dysplasia, the absence of the pygostyle or caudal appendage – the "parson's nose". This is the result of inheritance
Rumpless_chickens
Extinct group of dinosaurs
have referred to as a "pygostyle", but which Witmer found was anatomically different and evolved separately from the pygostyle of birds (a bone which
Oviraptorosauria
Early Cretaceous formation in North Korea
enantiornithine with a 5 cm (2.0 in) long tibia and a 3.5 cm (1.4 in) long pygostyle. Frogs have also been found in the formation. Numerous compression fossils
Sinuiju_Formation
Genus of oviraptorid dinosaur
lower jaws were toothless and developed a horny beak. The tail ended in a pygostyle (the fusion of the last caudal vertebrae), which is known to support large
Citipati
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
first toe reduced. The tail was likely not very elongated, and ended in a pygostyle that supported large feathers. The initial relationships of Oviraptor
Oviraptor
Extinct genus of birds
sideways. The tail ended in a pygostyle, a complete fusion of the last vertebrae. Their number is uncertain. The pygostyle was about 40% longer than the
Confuciusornis
Clade of feathered dinosaurs
had a tail with a tail fan of feathers with caudal anatomy resembling a pygostyle, are not known to have been capable of flight, but some scientists, such
Maniraptora
Extinct family of birds
rhynchokinetic skull with relatively unfused cranial bones, a weakly fused pygostyle and a splenial. The unguals were more curved than in tinamous and probably
Lithornithidae
Extinct family of dinosaurs
Similicaudipteryx). Another finding pointing to this is the discovery in Nomingia of a pygostyle, a bone that results from the fusion of the last tail vertebrae and is
Oviraptoridae
Clade including all birds and their ancestors
tails of more advanced avialans were shortened with the advent of the pygostyle bone in the group Pygostylia. In the late Cretaceous, around 95 million
Avialae
Genus of theropod dinosaurs
bones were highly pneumatised by invading air sacs. The tail ended in pygostyle-like vertebrae, which indicate the presence of a fan of feathers. The
Deinocheirus
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
Similicaudipteryx also differed from its relatives by possessing a dagger-shaped pygostyle (the bone at the end of the tail to which feathers anchor in birds) consisting
Similicaudipteryx
developed horny, toothless beaks by the very Late Jurassic and short pygostyle tails by the Early Cretaceous. While the archosaurs and dinosaurs were
History_of_life
small, round pieces of dark meat are often considered to be a delicacy. Pygostyle (chicken's buttocks) and testicles: These are commonly eaten in East Asia
Chicken_as_food
Species of bird
similar to only the other kiwi is a weak gizzard and no tail, only a pygostyle. The taxonomic status of the Okarito Forest population of kiwi has been
Okarito_kiwi
Species of bird
vibrissae feathers around the gape. They lack a tail, but have a small pygostyle. Their bill is ivory-coloured and long and their legs are pale. Illustration
Little_spotted_kiwi
Species of bird
but this does not occur in woodpeckers, and the final vertebra, the pygostyle, is very large to anchor the strong tail muscles. The hammering of woodpeckers
Great_spotted_woodpecker
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
6 ft) long and 20 kilograms (44 lb) in weight. It is characterized by a pygostyle-like mass of five fused vertebrae at the tail end, which Barsbold et al
Nomingia
Extinct genus of birds
specimen includes a partial sternum, right coracoid, scapula, furcula, and pygostyle. In 2022, Gerald Mayr and Andrew C. Kitchener described Danielsraptor
Danielsraptor
Extinct species of parakeet native to North America
as far north as southern Ontario in Canada. A few bones, including a pygostyle, found at the Calvert Site in southern Ontario came from the Carolina
Carolina_parakeet
Dinosaur with feathers
quill knobs (the anchor points for wing feathers on the forelimb) or a pygostyle (the fused vertebrae at the tail tip which often supports large feathers)
Feathered_dinosaur
New Zealand endemic bird species
There are large vibrissae around its gape, and it has no tail, only a pygostyle. It has a length of 45 to 55 cm (18–22 in) and the female weighs 2.1 to
Southern_brown_kiwi
Infraclass of birds
between the ilium and ischium, as in all paleognaths. Tinamous have no true pygostyle, their caudal vertebrae remain unfused, as in ratites. Tinamou feathers
Palaeognathae
Clade of dinosaurs
gastralia and a pubic symphysis. They also showed the first fully modern pygostyles, and the type specimen of Yixianornis (IVPP 13631) preserves eight elongated
Euornithes
Extinct genus of birds
rod- or spear-like pygostyles known in other enantiornitheans, as well as confuciusornithids and sapeornithids. Instead, its pygostyle is most similar to
Cruralispennia
Extinct family of dinosaurs
Pygostylia, whose members possess a pygostyle, a fused set of caudal vertebrae at the end of the tail. The pygostyle replaced the longer, unfused tail found
Confuciusornithidae
Extinct family of birds
anatomy was characterized by a hooked outgrowth of the shoulder blade and a pygostyle (the tail bone to which long feathers attach) which was short and rounded
Pengornithidae
Birds that cannot fly
the fusion of wing elements, a cerebellar structure, the presence of a pygostyle for tail feathers, and an alula on the wing. These morphological traits
Flightless_bird
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
unusual vertebrae towards the tip which resembled the feather-anchoring pygostyle of modern birds and some oviraptorosaurs. The exact phylogenetic position
Epidexipteryx
Extinct clade of dinosaurs
known to him had short tails with few vertebrae, fused at the end into a pygostyle. The unit was not much referred to, and when Hans Friedrich Gadow in 1893
Deinonychosauria
Extinct family of dinosaurs
of this group have been indicated as including a unique dagger-shaped pygostyle (the bone at the tip of the tail in birds, used to anchor a "fan" of feathers)
Caudipteridae
Extinct genus of birds
that longipterygid enantiornithines like Shanweiniao had very robust pygostyles even by enantiornithine standards, while birds preserving clear evidence
Shanweiniao
Extinct genus of birds
impressions of feathers on some of the rock. Of the spine, only the tail and pygostyle were preserved, and of the skull only the back. Furthermore, histological
Parvavis
Chief Technology Officer at Microsoft
Myhrvold, N. P.; Osmólska, H.; Tsogtbaatar, K.; Watabe, M. (2000). "A pygostyle from a non-avian theropod". Nature. 403 (6766): 155–156. Bibcode:2000Natur
Nathan_Myhrvold
Extinct genus of birds
broad, and caudatus, meaning tail, in reference to the broad and expanded pygostyle (the last fused vertebrae of a bird's tail). A nearly complete specimen
Parapengornis
Extinct bird genus
rostrum with teeth restricted to the distalmost portion and the robust pygostyle longer than the tarsometatarsus, among other features. It has the smallest
Chromeornis
Genus of reptiles (fossil)
tail-vertebrae of elasmosaurids were fused into a structure similar to the pygostyle of birds, it is possible this supported a tail-fin, but the shape it would
Elasmosaurus
pyelonephritis, pyeloscopy pyg- rump Greek πυγή (pugḗ) callipygian, pygopagus, pygostyle, steatopygia pyl- gate Greek πύλη (púlē), πυλών, πυλῶνος (pulṓn, pulōnos)
List of Greek and Latin roots in English/P–Z
List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English/P–Z
which light enters, surrounded by the coloured outer ring of the iris. pygostyle Also, tail bone. A skeletal formation, plowshare-shaped in birds, in which
Glossary_of_bird_terms
Extinct clade of theropod dinosaurs
speculated to be feathered as well, the former due to the presence of a pygostyle, and the later due to possible impressions (otherwise taken to be collagen
Ornithomimosauria
Extinct genus of birds
There are 11 synsacral vertebrae and a further 7 caudal vertebrae. The pygostyle is large. The pelvis is incompletely fused to the synsacrum, which is
Morsoravis
Species of flightless bird in New Zealand
large vibrissae around the gape, and they have no tail, only a small pygostyle. The common name of this bird comes from black spots on its feathers.
Great_spotted_kiwi
Genus of birds
is destroyed in the holotype; no rectrices are preserved and while the pygostyle is complete in other skeletons, only halos of short feathers are preserved
Longipteryx
Jurassic (Tithonian) Nanyuan Formation China An early avialan bearing a pygostyle. The type species is B. zhenghensis. Chromeornis Gen. et sp. nov Valid
2025 in archosaur paleontology
2025_in_archosaur_paleontology
Extinct family of dinosaurs
oviraptorosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from Mongolia: The first dinosaur with a pygostyle" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 45 (2): 97–106. Sternberg, R.M
Caenagnathidae
gobiensis: Notable as one of the first non-avian dinosaurs found with a pygostyle. It may, however, be a synonym of Elmisaurus. "Nurosaurus qaganensis":
List_of_Asian_dinosaurs
Extinct genus of birds
kerkion, tail, and anaxios, worthless, in reference to the rudimentary pygostyle of the species.[citation needed] Pseudocrypturus in the Paleobiology Database
Pseudocrypturus
Geological formation in Mongolia
Oviraptorosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) From Mongolia: The First Dinosaur With A Pygostyle" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 45 (2): 97–106. Gregory F. Funston;
Nemegt_Formation
Studies of coloration in dinosaurs
bird with unique crural feathers and an ornithuromorph plough-shaped pygostyle". Nature Communications. 8 14141. Bibcode:2017NatCo...814141W. doi:10
Dinosaur_coloration
Canadian paleontologist and curator (born 1949)
Oviraptorosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) From Mongolia: The First Dinosaur With A Pygostyle". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 45 (2): 97–106. Currie, P. J. and D.
Philip_J._Currie
oviraptorosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from Mongolia: the first dinosaur with a pygostyle". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 45 (2): 97–106. de Klerk W.J.; Forster
2000_in_paleontology
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
developed feathers, as seen on feathered specimens of Caudipteryx and the pygostyle of several oviraptorids. As an oviraptorosaur, Gigantoraptor was likely
Gigantoraptor
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
made of cartilage rather than bone, as in more basal theropods. The pygostyle was rod-like as in Confuciusornis and Nomingia, but like in the former
Sapeornis
Genus of birds
found to be in error, though it does appear to have an unusually long pygostyle (a component of the tail made of fused vertebrae). While some researchers
Houornis
Genus of birds
support, clinging and climbing, acting as a third leg or tripod. The pygostyle (tail vertebrae) is larger for strong tail muscles to be inserted and
Celeus_(bird)
Extinct species of bird
carpometacarpus, the distal end of a right femur, the cranial end of pygostyle and a rib fragment without ends. The body mass of the penguin species
Spheniscus_muizoni
Extinct genus of birds
skeleton without a skull, including 3 cervical and 2 thoracic vertebrae, a pygostyle, a furcula, the xiphoid process of the sternum, a fragment of the left
Mirarce
Extinct species of reptile
posterior caudal vertebrae are fused into a structure that resembles a pygostyle. The function of this structure is unclear, but it may have been involved
Umoonasaurus
Extinct genus of birds
almost complete, only missing a few elements such as the skull, neck, and pygostyle. Concornis was an averaged sized enantiornithean, with an estimated wingspan
Concornis
Extinct family of reptiles
tail-vertebrae of elasmosaurids were fused into a structure similar to the pygostyle of birds, it is possible this supported a tail-fin, but the shape it would
Elasmosauridae
Extinct genus of Plotopteridae
small plotopterid, comparable in size with its relative Tonsala. The pygostyle was more typical of that of leg-propelled diving birds like penguins,
Olympidytes
border is lacking; this condition is termed an obturator notch. pygostyle A pygostyle is a bony structure composed of the fused hindmost caudal vertebra
Glossary_of_dinosaur_anatomy
Extinct genus of birds
egg is present, running from the last back vertebra to the front of the pygostyle, the fused outer tail vertebrae. It covers a surface of 5.2 cm2. It is
Avimaia
Extinct genus of birds
coracoid was longer. The vertebrate column of Iberomesornis ended in a pygostyle: a splint of bone made of fused tail vertebrae that supports the tail
Iberomesornis
(2017). A study on the morphological characteristics and evolution of the pygostyle and tail feathers in Early Cretaceous birds and closely related non-avian
2017 in archosaur paleontology
2017_in_archosaur_paleontology
surangular. When present in the caudal sacrum, it is also present in the pygostyle. When present in one cervical vertebra, it is also present in the ones
Medullary_bone
Rock formation in the United States
eatoni UCMP locality V93097 Cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, pygostyle, phalanges, a complete humerus, femur, tarsometatarsus, a partial scapula
Kaiparowits_Formation
bird with unique crural feathers and an ornithuromorph plough-shaped pygostyle". Nature Communications. 8 (1) 14141. Bibcode:2017NatCo...814141W. doi:10
List of dinosaur specimens with preserved soft tissue
List_of_dinosaur_specimens_with_preserved_soft_tissue
Extinct group of reptile-like birds
Neornithes, in that they have clawed wings, but reduced tails with a rod-like pygostyle (as opposed to the ploughshare-shaped one in modern birds) and the presence
Archaeornithes
Subclass of birds
known to him had short tails with few vertebrae, fused at the end into a pygostyle. The unit was not much referred to, and when Hans Friedrich Gadow in 1893
Sauriurae
Polish paleontologist (1930–2008)
oviraptorosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from Mongolia: the first dinosaur with a pygostyle. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 45(2):97-106. T. Maryańska, H. Osmólska
Halszka_Osmólska
bird with unique crural feathers and an ornithuromorph plough-shaped pygostyle". Nature Communications. 8 14141. Bibcode:2017NatCo...814141W. doi:10
List of Mesozoic bird-line archosaur genera (C–F)
List_of_Mesozoic_bird-line_archosaur_genera_(C–F)
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
There were eight tail feathers, up to 9.2 cm (3.6 in) long, anchored to a pygostyle and rectrical bulb (see below) as in modern birds. The feathers of Yixianornis
Yixianornis
Extinct genus of birds
56 mm). The rectrices were anchored in a fused mass of tail vertebrae, the pygostyle, which was wide and short, as typical for pengornithids. The much broader
Chiappeavis
Chinese paleontologist (born 1965)
bird with unique crural feathers and an ornithuromorph plough-shaped pygostyle". Nature Communications. 8 (1) 14141. doi:10.1038/ncomms14141. ISSN 2041-1723
Zhonghe_Zhou
Formation, Omnogovi Province, Mongolia An oviraptorid characterized by a pygostyle-like mass of five fused vertebrae at the tail end, which probably supported
List of vertebrate fauna of the Maastrichtian stage
List_of_vertebrate_fauna_of_the_Maastrichtian_stage
PYGOSTYLE
PYGOSTYLE
PYGOSTYLE
PYGOSTYLE
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
A Buck; Deer; Name of a Well-known Sahabi; Companion of the Prophet Muhammad
Female
Hawaiian
Hawaiian form of English Abigail, APIKALIA means "father rejoices."
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
Any
Girl/Female
Hindu
Boy/Male
Irish
Exiled.
Boy/Male
French English Greek
Prosperous protector. A FrenchOld English name Eadmund, meaning rich or happy, and protection.
Girl/Female
Indian
Finder
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Sportive
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Destroyer of Sins
Boy/Male
Hindu
Saint who was a trainer of young monks
PYGOSTYLE
PYGOSTYLE
PYGOSTYLE
PYGOSTYLE
PYGOSTYLE
n.
The plate of bone which forms the posterior end of the vertebral column in most birds; the plowshare bone; the vomer. It is formed by the union of a number of the last caudal vertebrae, and supports the uropigium.
n.
The pygostyle.