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X-linked dominant genetic disorder
with more than 200. A premutation is said to be present when the gene has between 55 and 200 repeats; females with a premutation have an increased risk
Fragile_X_syndrome
Genetic condition
A premutation is a situation in which there are an excess number of repeats in a gene that is at risk of increasing in length during reproduction but
Premutation
Neurodegenerative disease
a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder most frequently seen in male premutation carriers of Fragile X syndrome (FXS) over the age of 50. The main clinical
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome
Fragile_X-associated_tremor/ataxia_syndrome
Medical condition
About 1:150-1:200 women in the US population carry a premutation. Women who carry an FMR1 premutation have a roughly 20% risk of being diagnosed with FXPOI
Fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency
Fragile_X-associated_primary_ovarian_insufficiency
Human protein and coding gene
syndrome), developmental delays and other cognitive deficits. The FMR1 premutation is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes that affect
FMR1
Loss of reproductive and hormonal function of the ovaries before age 40
factors, radiation, or surgery in 10%. Two to 5% of women with POI and a premutation in FMR1, a genetic abnormality, are at risk of having a child with fragile
Primary_ovarian_insufficiency
Early term for the triplet-repeat pattern of inheritance found in fragile X syndrome
mutation, called the 'premutation', doesn't cause any clinical symptoms. A second mutation was required to convert the 'premutation' into a 'full mutation'
Sherman_paradox
Type of pattern of inheritance
progeny can progress to premutation and ultimately affected status. Individuals with a number of repeats that falls in the premutation range have a good chance
Non-Mendelian_inheritance
Disorder in which muscles fail to relax
mitosis and meiosis. Consequently, the children of individuals with premutations or mutations inherit DMPK alleles that are longer than their parents
Myotonic_dystrophy
Male genetic disorder in which the subject has abnormally large testicles
2014). "Association between macroorchidism and intelligence in FMR1 premutation carriers". American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. 164 (9): 2206–2211
Macroorchidism
it always outputs the same permutation. In contrast, a human ranked premutation is drawn from F θ H {\displaystyle {\mathcal {F}}_{\theta _{H}}} independently
Monoculture (computer science)
Monoculture_(computer_science)
Genetic disorders due to increases in the number of repeating nucleotides
alter the function of that gene. These individuals are referred to as "premutation carriers". The frequency of carriers worldwide appears to be 1 in 340
Trinucleotide_repeat_disorder
Rare autosomal-recessive human disease
F, et al. (August 1997). "The Friedreich ataxia GAA triplet repeat: premutation and normal alleles". Human Molecular Genetics. 6 (8): 1261–6. doi:10
Friedreich's_ataxia
American pediatrician
"Fragile-X–associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) in females with the FMR1 premutation." The American Journal of Human Genetics 74.5 (2004): 1051-1056. Greco
Randi_J._Hagerman
British clinical geneticist
first on the inheritance of fragile X syndrome for which he proposed a premutation in 1985. and then Angelman syndrome - an early example of genomic imprinting
Marcus_Pembrey
DNA mutation involving an increase in number of trinucleotide repeats
repeats falling within the 53 to 200 repeat range are said to have "premutation alleles", as the alleles within this range approach 200, the likelihood
Trinucleotide repeat expansion
Trinucleotide_repeat_expansion
Unstable mutation in which phenotype severity is linked to copy number
effects Reverse mutation - The mutation can revert to normal or to a premutation carrier state. Fragile X syndromes Huntington's disease Myotonic dystrophy
Dynamic_mutation
Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception
mental retardation Premature ovarian failure (POF1) associated with premutations GNRH1 Gonadotropin releasing hormone Normosmic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
Female_infertility
Municipality and town in Valle del Cauca Department, Colombia
Around 5% of the village population carries the genetic mutation or premutation. Fanor Mondragón, Colombian chemist, professor and researcher "Municipalities
Bolívar,_Valle_del_Cauca
Non-coding RNA in the species Homo sapiens
of the FMR1 gene. Its expression is upregulated in fragile X syndrome premutation carriers, and silenced in patients with fragile X syndrome. FMR1-AS1
FMR1-AS1_gene
American human geneticist (born 1956)
characterized the origins of instability in the repeat, the consequences of "premutation" length expansions, and the function of FMR1 and related FXR1 and FXR2
David_L._Nelson
Autism researcher
spectrum phenotype in males and females with fragile X full mutation and premutation". Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 37 (4): 738–747. doi:10
Cheryl_Dissanayake
Egyptian geneticist
a simple molecular screening method to detect premutation carriers of fragile X syndrome. A premutation carrier is an individual who has between 55-200
Nagwa_Abdel_Meguid
Subfield in evolutionary biology
; Taylor, A.E. (2004). "Evidence of early ovarian aging in fragile X premutation carriers". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 89 (9):
Human_reproductive_ecology
Medical condition
such as fragile x syndrome. Approximately 20–28% of women with an FMR1 premutation (55–200 CGG repeats) experience fragile x primary ovarian insufficiency
Poor_ovarian_reserve
RNA family
). "MicroRNA-277 modulates the neurodegeneration caused by Fragile X premutation rCGG repeats". PLOS Genetics. 8 (5) e1002681. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen
Mir-277 microRNA precursor family
Mir-277_microRNA_precursor_family
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Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Bearer of the Flute
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, English
Powerful Army; Strong Army
Boy/Male
Sikh
Ishwar ka Preet
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Greek
Moon Goddess; Form of Cynthia; Flower Name
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Tamil
Sharpest sword of world
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Indian, Telugu
Lord Krishna
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Indian
Information on Origin
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Hindu, Indian
Holy Water
Girl/Female
Hindu
Gift from God, Victorious
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Brave as the Lord
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