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In computer programming, a postcondition is a condition or predicate that must always be true just after the execution of some section of code or after
Postcondition
Approach for designing software
the ordinary definition of abstract data types with preconditions, postconditions and invariants. These specifications are referred to as "contracts"
Design_by_contract
Rules to verify computer program correctness
and Q {\displaystyle Q} the postcondition: when the precondition is met, executing the command establishes the postcondition. Assertions are formulae in
Hoare_logic
Reformulation of Floyd-Hoare logic
weakest-preconditions, or runs forward in the case of strongest-postconditions. For a statement S and a postcondition R, a weakest precondition is a predicate Q such
Predicate transformer semantics
Predicate_transformer_semantics
given by a precondition Ps and a postcondition Qs is stronger than one given by a precondition Pt and a postcondition Qt (formally: (Ps, Qs) ⇒ (Pt, Qt))
Behavioral_subtyping
Computer programming concept
of design by contract. Design by contract also includes notions of postcondition and class invariant. The precondition for any routine defines any constraints
Precondition
Object-oriented programming principle
that it considers the interaction of subtyping with preconditions, postconditions and invariants. Liskov's notion of a behavioural subtype defines a notion
Liskov_substitution_principle
Object-oriented programming language
engineering is design by contract (DbC), in which assertions, preconditions, postconditions, and class invariants are employed to help ensure program correctness
Eiffel_(programming_language)
General-purpose programming language
2018. Retrieved 27 June 2009. "PyDBC: method preconditions, method postconditions and class invariants for Python". Archived from the original on 23 November
Python_(programming_language)
Specification language for Java programs
specification language for Java programs, using Hoare style pre- and postconditions and invariants, that follows the design by contract paradigm. Specifications
Java_Modeling_Language
Programming language
and Python. It supports formal specification through preconditions, postconditions, loop invariants, loop variants, termination specifications and read/write
Dafny
Programming language
(preconditions) or that will hold once execution of the subprogram has completed (postconditions). For example, if writing: procedure Increment (X : in out Counter_Type)
SPARK_(programming_language)
Concepts in theoretical computer science
totally correct with respect to a precondition P {\displaystyle P} and postcondition Q {\displaystyle Q} if any execution started in a state satisfying P
Safety and liveness properties
Safety_and_liveness_properties
on a system into an implementable program (e.g., a procedure). The postcondition can be strengthened and/or the precondition weakened in this process
Refinement_(computing)
Statement that a predicate is always true at that point in code execution
of states under which the programmer expects the code to execute. A postcondition—placed at the end—describes the expected state at the end of execution
Assertion (software development)
Assertion_(software_development)
Task to construct a program meeting a formal specification
preconditions, ("Assertions") Formulas still to be proven, including postconditions, ("Goals"), Terms denoting a valid output value ("Program") A justification
Program_synthesis
Automated planner
preconditions (what must be established before the action is performed); postconditions (what is established after the action is performed). Mathematically
Stanford Research Institute Problem Solver
Stanford_Research_Institute_Problem_Solver
Object or module in concurrent programming
enter the monitor: postcondition I leave the monitor: precondition I wait c: precondition I modifies the state of the monitor postcondition Pc and I signal
Monitor_(synchronization)
Formal method for the development of computer-based systems
and which are mostly specified implicitly using a precondition and postcondition. The "Danish School" (Bjørner et al. 1982) has tended to stress a constructive
Vienna_Development_Method
a specification language for C programs, using Hoare style pre- and postconditions and invariants, that follows the design by contract paradigm. Specifications
ANSI/ISO C Specification Language
ANSI/ISO_C_Specification_Language
High-level programming language
"Hello World!") end function end class Here is an example using pre- and postconditions. In the example, the IntToStr function validates its input as a string
Ubercode
Logic for proving computer program correctness
describes the meaning of a program fragment as the function transforming a postcondition to the precondition needed to establish it. Assertion (computing) Winskel
Axiomatic_semantics
Issue in artificial intelligence and categorical algebra
{code} \ \{\mathrm {postcondition} \}}{\{\mathrm {precondition} \ast \mathrm {frame} \}\ \mathrm {code} \ \{\mathrm {postcondition} \ast \mathrm {frame}
Frame_problem
in a formal specification. Postconditions are sometimes tested using assertions within the code itself. Often, postconditions are simply included in the
Glossary_of_computer_science
Proving or disproving the correctness of certain intended algorithms
proved or in the form of specifications (invariants, preconditions, postconditions) of system components (e.g. functions or procedures) and perhaps subcomponents
Formal_verification
Mathematical study of the meaning of programming languages
describes the meaning of a program fragment as the function transforming a postcondition to the precondition needed to establish it. For a variety of reasons
Semantics (programming languages)
Semantics_(programming_languages)
which notion leads directly to specification statements as pre- and postconditions standing, on their own, for any program that could soundly be placed
Refinement_calculus
Set of rules defining correctly structured programs for the C# programming language
method is executed. public Test(int i) requires i > 0; { this.i = i; } Postconditions are conditions that are ensured to be correct when a method has been
C_Sharp_syntax
Types constrained by a predicate
types can express preconditions when used as function arguments or postconditions when used as return types: for instance, the type of a function which
Refinement_type
Potential scenario for use of a system
changes comparison are allowed during the editing. Stakeholders ... Postconditions Minimal Guarantees: Success Guarantees: The article is saved and an
Use_case
Unchanging property for all objects of a class
language has native support for type invariants (as well as pre- and postconditions, subtype predicates, etc.). A type invariant may be given on a private
Class_invariant
errors, race conditions, redundant code; automatically extracts pre-postconditions from code SonarQube 2024-02-05 (10.4) Partly; framework is LGPL v3.0
List of tools for static code analysis
List_of_tools_for_static_code_analysis
Concept in computer science
behaviour), and if it terminates, then the final state will satisfy the postcondition Q {\displaystyle Q} . In essence, during its execution, C {\displaystyle
Separation_logic
and supports formal specification through function preconditions, postconditions and loop invariants. The language uses flow-sensitive typing also termed
Whiley_(programming_language)
List of programming languages types and the languages that meet its description
(or contract programming) is programming using defined preconditions, postconditions, and invariants. Ada (since Ada 2012) Ciao Clojure Cobra C++ (since
List of programming languages by type
List_of_programming_languages_by_type
Extension of modal logic
P {\displaystyle P} , precondition φ {\displaystyle \varphi } , and postcondition φ ′ {\displaystyle \varphi '} , the dynamic logic statement φ → [ P
Dynamic_logic_(modal_logic)
Language for cognitive agents
specification of preconditions and postconditions. A precondition specifies when the action can be performed (is enabled). A postcondition specifies what the effects
GOAL agent programming language
GOAL_agent_programming_language
Set of rules defining correctly structured programs
static methods, adding function attributes, tracing, setting pre- and postconditions, and synchronization, but can be used for far more, including tail recursion
Python_syntax_and_semantics
Invariants used to prove properties of loops
this to be defined, the array must contain at least one element. The postconditions of max() require that the returned value is: (1) not smaller than any
Loop_invariant
Provider of information for software testing
with expected results encoded into the test logic. However, method postconditions are part of the SUT, as automated oracles in design by contract models
Test_oracle
preconditions (what must be established before the action is performed) and postconditions (what is established after the action is performed) are specified. POP-11
List of programming languages for artificial intelligence
List_of_programming_languages_for_artificial_intelligence
Logical problem studied in computer science
uses SMT solvers. A common technique is to translate preconditions, postconditions, loop conditions, and assertions into SMT formulas in order to determine
Satisfiability modulo theories
Satisfiability_modulo_theories
Computer programming concept
approximation to the mathematical sum); or a routine may fail to meet its postcondition. Exception: an abnormal event occurring during the execution of a routine
Exception handling (programming)
Exception_handling_(programming)
Specification of a software test, its objective and its procedure
input should test a precondition and the expected output should test a postcondition. For applications or systems without formal requirements, test cases
Test_case_(software)
Representational model in metaphysics and information science
precondition(s) that must be true for a scene (event) to be executable, and postcondition(s) (effects) that must be true after a scene Repetition – the number
Process_ontology
Creating working software
Design by contract is a development approach in which preconditions and postconditions are included for each routine. Error handling refers to the practice
Software_construction
is based on the design-by-contract paradigm and uses preconditions, postconditions, invariants etc. Specifications are written in the comments of the PHP
Praspel
Programming paradigm that relies on a stack machine model
is described: fib ( n -- n' ) It is equivalent to preconditions and postconditions in Hoare logic. Both comments may also be referenced as assertions,
Stack-oriented_programming
well as interfaces, for computer software. ADL uses function pre- and postconditions to specify interfaces and is designed to provide an intermediary between
Assertion_definition_language
expression can be evaluated in parallel. Assertions, preconditions, postconditions, class invariants, etc., are part of the standard syntax, using a Hoare-like
ParaSail (programming language)
ParaSail_(programming_language)
Concurrent program verification method
which precondition pre-Si is true terminates, then upon termination, postcondition post-Si is true. Now consider concurrent programming with shared variables
Interference_freedom
Language feature in object-oriented programming
signature, contract (respecting restrictions for preconditions and postconditions), and/or implementation will be different in the heir. If the original
Method_overriding
for Java and Ada. It statically determines and documents the pre- and postconditions of Java methods or Ada subprograms, and uses that information to identify
SofCheck_Inspector
Development environment
the target classes using randomized argument values. For every unique postcondition or class invariant violation, EiffelStudio AutoTest produces a single
EiffelStudio
strongest postconditions (respectively weakest preconditions) intraprocedurally through a method starting from the precondition (respectively postcondition).
Extended_static_checking
Precondition Postcondition Check Invariant Loop ABAP Objects —N/a C++ C# Spec#: type foo( «parameters» ) requires expression { body } Spec#: type
Comparison of programming languages (object-oriented programming)
Comparison_of_programming_languages_(object-oriented_programming)
Relationship between the technology company and the open source software paradigm
targets C# and supports formal specification through preconditions, postconditions, loop invariants and loop variants Dapr – Event-driven, portable runtime
Microsoft_and_open_source
Software static analysis tool used for safety critical applications
from the other. The IL specification is written as Preconditions and Postconditions, as well as optional code assertions. Compliance analysis can be used
MALPAS Software Static Analysis Toolset
MALPAS_Software_Static_Analysis_Toolset
Modelling language and methodology for capturing knowledge and designing systems
relations enable specification of elaborate process precondition and postcondition. Separate, non-touching links shall have the semantics of logical AND
Object_Process_Methodology
Concept in artificial intelligence
world dynamics. The system learns rules to associate preconditions and postconditions with each action. In one 1994 demonstration, a humanoid learns a generalized
Apprenticeship_learning
(pestimated) the 3-D volume corresponding to the voxelisation of F (VF) postcondition: the difference between pestimated and preference is minimal. START
Fly_algorithm
Formal verification tool
modality then is empty and "backwards application" of the update to the postcondition yields a precondition where x {\displaystyle x} could take any value
KeY
Set of rules defining correctly structured C++ program
pre(x != 1) // a precondition assertion post(r : r == x && r != 2) // a postcondition assertion; r names the result object of f { contract_assert(x != 3);
C++_syntax
Yn, where X1, X2, ... Xm are preconditions and Y1, Y2, ... Yn are postconditions of the application of the function f. In intuitionistic logic, the function
Structural synthesis of programs
Structural_synthesis_of_programs
Branch of logic
{\displaystyle \{Pre\}program\{Post\}} , but the preconditions and postconditions are formulae interpreted in a model of bunched logic. The original version
Bunched_logic
Open-source model transformation framework
transformation rules. Like OCL, graph transformation rules describe pre- and postconditions to the transformations, but graph transformation rules are guaranteed
VIATRA
Each speech act is an operation. Each operation has preconditions and postconditions (effects), for example: Inform(Speaker,Hearer,Predicate): Precondition:
Dialog_manager
postconditions end foo («parameters»): type require preconditions do instructions Result := value ensure postconditions end
Comparison of programming languages (basic instructions)
Comparison_of_programming_languages_(basic_instructions)
Re-usable form of a solution to a problem or task in pedagogy
Resulting Context – result after the pattern has been applied, including postconditions and side effects. It might also include new problems that might result
Pedagogical_pattern
Software test automation tool
a fully automated dependency management that takes care of pre- and postconditions and helps isolating test cases. Data-driven testing with no need for
QF-Test
American computer scientist
propositional calculus and uses it to formalize the treatment of preconditions, postconditions, invariants, and related entities, and then provides practical stratagems
David_Gries
and emphasizes the formal specification of use cases using pre- and postconditions and ‘guarantees’ clauses. It also places stress on the specification
Catalysis software design method
Catalysis_software_design_method
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Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi
Peaceful
Girl/Female
Tamil
Shashikala | ஷஷிகலா
Phases of Moon
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Telugu
All Pervading; A Sage; Senathipathi of Lord Vishnu
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Telugu
Vision; Knowledge
Girl/Female
Hindu
Combination of Meenakshi & natrajan
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Most Noble of the Sayyids
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Patient
Boy/Male
Afghan, American, Australian, British, Celtic, Christian, English, German, Irish, Teutonic
Nephew; Little Bone; Servant of the Saint's Disciple; Worshiper; Middle; Holy; Sacred
Male
Hebrew
(ש×ְלוּמִי×ֵל) Contracted form of Hebrew Shelumiyel, SHLUMIEL means "friend of God." In the bible, this is the name of a prince of the tribe of Simeon.
Boy/Male
Hindu
The Moon
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