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Type of statistical model
A partially linear model is a form of semiparametric model, since it contains parametric and nonparametric elements. Application of the least squares estimators
Partially_linear_model
Statistical modeling method
In statistics, linear regression is a model that estimates the relationship between a scalar response (dependent variable) and one or more explanatory
Linear_regression
Regression models that combine parametric and nonparametric models
methods are the partially linear, index and varying coefficient models. A partially linear model is given by Y i = X i ′ β + g ( Z i ) + u i , i = 1 , … , n
Semiparametric_regression
Type of regression analysis
regression models can be linear, partially linear, or nonlinear. In particular, functional polynomial models, functional single and multiple index models and
Functional_regression
Generalization of a Markov decision process
A partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) is a generalization of a Markov decision process (MDP). A POMDP models an agent decision process
Partially observable Markov decision process
Partially_observable_Markov_decision_process
partially non-nested (aka overlapping) models: A pair of standard linear regression models with some common explanatory variables and neither model nested
Vuong's_closeness_test
Algorithm for modelling sequential data
vision-language model composed of a language model (Vicuna-13B) and a vision model (ViT-L/14), connected by a linear layer. Only the linear layer is finetuned
Transformer_(deep_learning)
Degradation of AI models trained on synthetic data
shown. In the case of a linear regression model, scaling laws and bounds on learning can be obtained. In the case of a linear softmax classifier for next
Model_collapse
Mathematical ordering of a partial order
{\displaystyle \,\leq .} Alternatively, a linear extension may be viewed as an order-preserving bijection from a partially ordered set P {\displaystyle P} to
Linear_extension
Linear model of communication
non-linear transmission models, also termed interaction models. They include Wilbur Schramm's model, Frank Dance's helical-spiral model, a circular model
Shannon–Weaver_model
Technique for the generative modeling of a continuous probability distribution
diffusion models, also known as diffusion-based generative models or score-based generative models, are a class of latent variable generative models. A diffusion
Diffusion_model
Model for generating observable data in probability and statistics
missing or partially labeled data. In classification, they can predict labels by combining P(X∣Y) and P(Y) and applying Bayes' rule. Generative models are often
Generative_model
Four-stage model of physiological responses to sexual stimulation
sex. Rosemary Basson proposed an alternative model of sexual response. She argues that the linear model is good at explaining men's sexual response but
Human_sexual_response_cycle
Line from which something (air, noise, radiation, etc.) emanates
dose models in medical physics and electromagnetic antennas. While point sources of pollution were studied since the late nineteenth century, linear sources
Line_source
first non-linear effects in asymmetric catalysis and gave rational explanations for these phenomena. General definitions and mathematical models are essential
Non-linear_effects
Class of statistical models
mixed-effects models constitute a class of statistical models generalizing linear mixed-effects models. Like linear mixed-effects models, they are particularly
Nonlinear_mixed-effects_model
Special subset of a partially ordered set
then A ∩ B ∈ B and C ∈ B. A linear filter is proper if it does not contain {0}. Given a set S, the power set P(S) is partially ordered by set inclusion;
Filter_(mathematics)
Extension of evidence theory to continuous variables of interest
Linear belief functions are an extension of the Dempster–Shafer theory of belief functions to the case when variables of interest are continuous. Examples
Linear_belief_function
Statistical relationship
data. It usually refers to the extent to which a pair of quantities are linearly related. More generally, an arbitrary relationship between variables is
Correlation
Set of methods for supervised statistical learning
into high-dimensional feature spaces, where linear classification can be performed. Being max-margin models, SVMs are resilient to noisy data (e.g., misclassified
Support_vector_machine
Property of waves that can oscillate with more than one orientation
between the directions of the fields and the direction of propagation. In linear polarization, the electric and magnetic fields each oscillate in a single
Polarization_(waves)
Transactional model of communication
earlier models that take the form of linear transmission models and interaction models. Linear transmission models, like the Shannon–Weaver model, see communication
Barnlund's model of communication
Barnlund's_model_of_communication
Algorithm that estimates unknowns from a series of measurements over time
In statistics and control theory, Kalman filtering (also known as linear quadratic estimation) is an algorithm that uses a series of measurements observed
Kalman_filter
Topics referred to by the same term
linearly stable polytope), a centrally symmetric partially ordered set with a unique origin symmetric realization up to linear transformations Linear
Linear_(disambiguation)
Chinese-American statistician
using nonparametric and semiparametric methods, especially to partially linear models, confidence envelopes and bivariate smoothing". She became a Fellow
Lily_Wang
Statistical property which a model must satisfy to allow precise inference
certain subset of the model parameters. In this case we say that the model is partially identifiable. In other cases it may be possible to learn the location
Identifiability
Directed graph with no directed cycles
only if it can be topologically ordered, by arranging the vertices as a linear ordering that is consistent with all edge directions. DAGs have numerous
Directed_acyclic_graph
Categorization of data using statistics
undertaken by Fisher, in the context of two-group problems, leading to Fisher's linear discriminant function as the rule for assigning a group to a new observation
Statistical_classification
Study of high-dimensional data
and a response variable y ∈ R {\displaystyle y\in \mathbb {R} } is the linear model y = x ⊤ β + ϵ , {\displaystyle y=x^{\top }\beta +\epsilon ,} where β
High-dimensional_statistics
Mathematical proposition equivalent to the axiom of choice
independent subset {v}. Furthermore, P is partially ordered by set inclusion (see inclusion order). Finding a maximal linearly independent subset of V is the same
Zorn's_lemma
Node ordering for directed acyclic graphs
science, a topological sort or topological ordering of a directed graph is a linear ordering of its vertices such that for every directed edge (u,v) from vertex
Topological_sorting
trees. Consider P and Q, two partially ordered sets. The series composition of P and Q, variously called ordinal sum or linear sum and written P; Q, P *
Series-parallel_partial_order
Statistical hypothesis test
Special Case of Linear Regression Independent t-test as a linear model in R 2.9 Building Connections Between The 2-Sample t-test and Linear Regression Shieh
Student's_t-test
Type of rocket engine
shorter truncated spike (like base bleed in an artillery shell). In the linear aerospike the spike consists of a tapered wedge-shaped plate, with exhaust
Aerospike_engine
Class of statistical modeling methods
i {\displaystyle Y_{i}} . Linear-chain CRFs have many of the same applications as conceptually simpler hidden Markov models (HMMs), but relax certain
Conditional_random_field
Machine learning technique
Bradley–Terry–Luce model (or the Plackett–Luce model for K-wise comparisons over more than two comparisons), the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) for linear reward
Reinforcement learning from human feedback
Reinforcement_learning_from_human_feedback
Branch of statistics
study. Cox models may be extended for such time-varying covariates. The Cox PH regression model is a linear model. It is similar to linear regression
Survival_analysis
Condition in which the value of a measurement or observation is only partially known
condition in which the value of a measurement or observation is only partially known. For example, suppose a study is conducted to measure the impact
Censoring_(statistics)
ITU-T standard
perceptible in an ACR test will be partially compensated (e.g. small pitch shifts, linear frequency distortions). The perceptual model starts with scaling the reference
Perceptual Objective Listening Quality Analysis
Perceptual_Objective_Listening_Quality_Analysis
Class of artificial neural network
RNNs for sequence modeling problems where the timing is variable. Training the weights in a neural network can be modeled as a non-linear global optimization
Recurrent_neural_network
Algorithmically generated data that have a similar distribution as sampled data
constructing a statistical model. In a linear regression line example, the original data can be plotted, and a best fit linear line can be created from
Synthetic_data
Separation of electric charge in a molecule
description, Pauling proposed that the wave function for a polar molecule AB is a linear combination of wave functions for covalent and ionic molecules: ψ = aψ(A:B)
Chemical_polarity
Concept for a linear particle accelerator
The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a concept for a future linear particle accelerator that aims to explore the next energy frontier. CLIC would collide
Compact_Linear_Collider
Uniqueness of countable dense linear orders
theory and model theory, branches of mathematics, Cantor's isomorphism theorem states that every two nonempty countable dense unbounded linear orders are
Cantor's_isomorphism_theorem
Generalized function whose value is zero everywhere except at zero
Schwartz developed the theory of distributions, where it is defined as a linear form acting on functions. The graph of the Dirac delta is usually thought
Dirac_delta_function
Alternative mathematical ordering
to the relationship between a linear order and a betweenness relation. Evans, Macpherson & Ivanov (1997) provide a model-theoretic description of the covering
Cyclic_order
(KPCA) K-Means Clustering Least-Angle Regression (LARS/LASSO) Linear Regression Bayesian Linear Regression Local Coordinate Coding Locality-Sensitive Hashing
Mlpack
Property of certain dynamical systems
compact, the leaves of the Lagrangian foliation are tori, and the natural linear coordinates on these are called "angle" variables. The cycles of the canonical
Integrable_system
Abstraction of linear independence of vectors
/ˈmeɪtrɔɪd/ is a structure that abstracts and generalizes the notion of linear independence in vector spaces. There are many equivalent ways to define
Matroid
Method of CPU communication
of being cheaper. Synonyms: foldback, multiply mapped, partially mapped, address aliasing. Linear decoding Address lines are used directly without any decoding
Memory-mapped I/O and port-mapped I/O
Memory-mapped_I/O_and_port-mapped_I/O
Train system using magnetic levitation
at Manchester University, developed the first full-size working model of the linear induction motor. He became a professor of heavy electrical engineering
Maglev
Physical model of solid metals as electron gases
physics, the nearly free electron model (or NFE model and quasi-free electron model) is a quantum mechanical model of physical properties of electrons
Nearly_free_electron_model
Mathematical model for sequential decision making under uncertainty
{\displaystyle {\bar {V}}^{*}} , we could use the following linear programming model: Primal linear program(P-LP) Minimize g s.t g − ∑ j ∈ S q ( j ∣ i , a
Markov_decision_process
Computational model used in machine learning
algorithms remained incomplete. Many models used single-layer perceptrons, which were restricted to solving linearly separable problems. These limitations
Neural network (machine learning)
Neural_network_(machine_learning)
Branch of statistics mathematics
generalized functional linear model (GFLM) in analogy to the generalized linear model (GLM). The three components of the GFLM are: Linear predictor η = β 0
Functional_data_analysis
Type of numerical analysis
that it is not constrained by any functional form, such as the linearity imposed by linear regression, as long as the function is monotonic increasing.
Isotonic_regression
Model of electrical conduction
to question the statistical basis of his model. The letters were never found but their content is partially reconstructed from Einstein correspondence
Drude_model
Method of generating random small-world graphs
The Watts–Strogatz model is a random graph generation model that produces graphs with small-world properties, including short average path lengths and
Watts–Strogatz_model
Type of linear motor
reluctance linear motors (SRLMs) (also known as linear switched reluctance motors (LSRMs), variable reluctance linear motor or switched reluctance linear machines)
Switched reluctance linear motor
Switched_reluctance_linear_motor
Bayes linear analysis attempts to solve this problem by developing theory and practise for using partially specified probability models. Bayes linear in
Bayes_linear_statistics
P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References 2D convolution Operation that applies linear filtering to image with a given two-dimensional kernel, able to achieve
Glossary_of_computer_graphics
Regularization method for artificial neural networks
Colloquium on Glossy Dynamics (1987) and Canning and Gardner Partially Connected Models of Neural Networks in Journal of Physics (1988). It goes on to
Dropout_(neural_networks)
Experimental design that is optimal with respect to some statistical criterion
criterion minimizes the variance of a best linear unbiased estimator of a predetermined linear combination of model parameters. D-optimality (determinant)
Optimal_experimental_design
Statistical method
response to unobserved latent variables. The observed variables are modelled as linear combinations of the potential factors plus "error" terms, hence factor
Factor_analysis
Formula for the probability that a system will change between two energy states
Hamiltonian varying such that the energy separation of the two states is a linear function of time. The formula, giving the probability of a non-adiabatic
Landau–Zener_formula
Programming language for statistics
support for various statistical techniques (such as linear, generalized linear and nonlinear modeling, classical statistical tests, spatial analysis, time-series
R_(programming_language)
Array of numbers
In the early 20th century, matrices attained a central role in linear algebra, partially due to their use in the classification of the hypercomplex number
Matrix_(mathematics)
Type of feedforward neural network
that represent pose ("pose vectors") allow spatial transformations modeled as linear operations that make it easier for the network to learn the hierarchy
Convolutional_neural_network
2019 text-generating language model
million web pages. It was partially released in February 2019, followed by full release of the 1.5-billion-parameter model on November 5, 2019. GPT-2
GPT-2
Choice between two or more discrete alternatives
decisions as their determinants are partially observed or imperfectly measured. Therefore, discrete choice models rely on stochastic assumptions and specifications
Discrete_choice
similar to that of a linear stage. However, rather than moving linearly with respect to its base, the stage platform rotates partially about a fixed axis
Positioning_goniometer
Hybrid video game console
adapter is connected to the headphone jack. A system update in October 2017 partially resolved this issue by enabling support for wireless USB headphones when
Nintendo_Switch
Resource problem in machine learning
adaptively. Generalized linear algorithms: The reward distribution follows a generalized linear model, an extension to linear bandits. KernelUCB algorithm:
Multi-armed_bandit
Topics referred to by the same term
of a partially ordered set that cannot be subsumed by a supremum of any directed set that does not already contain them Compact operator, a linear operator
Compact
Design of tasks
theory of linear models have encompassed and surpassed the cases that concerned early writers. Today, the theory rests on advanced topics in linear algebra
Design_of_experiments
Machine learning and applied statistics
numerical analysis such as finding numerical solutions for integration, linear algebra, optimization and simulation and differential equations are seen
Probabilistic_numerics
Elementary particle, fundamental constituent of matter
physical existence until deep inelastic scattering experiments at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in 1968. Accelerator program experiments have provided
Quark
Statistical method
relationship between the treatment and outcome is correctly modelled. The most popular caveats are non-linear relationships that are mistaken as a discontinuity
Regression discontinuity design
Regression_discontinuity_design
Lowest energy state in quantum chromodynamics
Gell-Mann Levy σ-model, discussed below. The modern explanation for the shift symmetry is now understood to be the Nambu-Goldstone non-linear symmetry realization
QCD_vacuum
Numerical ordering with a margin of error
impossible to have two mutually incomparable two-point linear orders. If three elements form a linear ordering w < x < y {\displaystyle w<x<y} , then every
Semiorder
Fitting an approximating function to data
weighted regression. Smoothing may be distinguished from the related and partially overlapping concept of curve fitting in the following ways: curve fitting
Smoothing
Statistic measuring inter-rater agreement for categorical items
and thus are set to zeros. Most commonly, off-diagonal cells are weighed linearly as W i , j := | i − j | {\displaystyle W_{i,j}:=|i-j|} (that is, cells
Cohen's_kappa
the response variables. The process starts from trying to fit a linear regression model. If the P-value turns out to be low, then a higher degree polynomial
Simulation-based_optimization
Arrangement of a communication network
destination. A daisy-chained network can take two basic forms: linear and ring. A linear topology puts a two-way link between one computer and the next
Network_topology
Hybrid video game console
emulation to avoid a more taxing software-only solution. The name was partially influenced by the backward compatibility. Nintendo also considered "Super
Nintendo_Switch_2
Statistical method
exclude the outliers and find a linear model that only uses the inliers in its calculation. This is done by fitting linear models to several random samplings
Random_sample_consensus
Type of monotone function
special kind of monotone function, which provides a way to include one partially ordered set into another. Like Galois connections, order embeddings constitute
Order_embedding
Biological process
Likewise, in plants, a unique simple compound [e.g., fucoserratene — a linear, unsaturated alkene (1,3-trans 5-cis-octatriene)] might be a chemoattractant
Sperm_guidance
Family of machine learning approaches
{\displaystyle k_{0}=h_{0}W^{K},k_{1}=h_{1}W^{K},\dots } . The linear maps are useful for providing the model with enough freedom to find the best way to represent
Seq2seq
Archaeological site and Minoan palace complex in Heraklion, Crete
Ancient Greek: Κνωσσός, romanized: Knōssós; Greek: Κνωσός, romanized: Knōsós; Linear B: 𐀒𐀜𐀰 Ko-no-so) is an archaeological site and ancient urban centre in
Knossos
Statistics and machine learning technique
pick the "best" model, or it can be used to give a linear weight to the predictions from each model in the bucket. When a bucket of models is used with a
Ensemble_learning
Feature detection algorithm in computer vision
procedure in which a linear least squares solution is performed for the parameters of the affine transformation relating the model to the image. The affine
Scale-invariant feature transform
Scale-invariant_feature_transform
Iterative method for finding maximum likelihood estimates in statistical models
algorithm has been implemented in the case where an underlying linear regression model exists explaining the variation of some quantity, but where the
Expectation–maximization algorithm
Expectation–maximization_algorithm
American econometrician (1937–2025)
"Tests for Specification Errors in Classical Linear Least Squares Regression Analysis", which was later partially published in the Journal of the Royal Statistical
James_B._Ramsey
Type of data model
An entity–attribute–value model (EAV) is a data model optimized for the space-efficient storage of sparse—or ad-hoc—property or data values, intended
Entity–attribute–value_model
Model in physical chemistry
The non-random two-liquid model (abbreviated NRTL model) is an activity coefficient model introduced by Renon and Prausnitz in 1968 that correlates the
Non-random_two-liquid_model
Intelligence of machines
research could model. Humans solve most of their problems using fast, intuitive judgments. Reasoning models, a type of large language model trained to generate
Artificial_intelligence
Observation in physical cosmology
estimates was partially resolved with the introduction of the ΛCDM model of the universe in the late 1990s. Incorporating the ΛCDM model, observations
Hubble's_law
Bulge in the wall of a blood vessel
flow. Model analysis allows these risky aneurysms to be identified and treated. In the past, aneurysms were modeled as rigid spheres with linear inlets
Aneurysm
Objective function of evolutionary algorithm
Practical applications usually aim at optimizing multiple and at least partially conflicting objectives. Two fundamentally different approaches are often
Fitness_function
PARTIALLY LINEAR-MODEL
PARTIALLY LINEAR-MODEL
Male
Scandinavian
Scandinavian form of Old Norse Einarr, EINAR means "lone warrior."
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Linsey, LINSAY means "Lincoln's wetlands."
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Partially Visible
Male
Yiddish
 Variant spelling of Yiddish Lieber, LIBER means "beloved." Compare with another form of Liber.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lingam
Male
English
Irish Anglicized form of Gaelic Fionnbarr, FINBAR means "fair-headed."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metronymic from Line.
Male
Greek
(ΑἰνÎας) Variant spelling of Greek AineÃas, AINEAS means "praiseworthy."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Lingart, Lancashire, or Lingards Wood in Marsden, West Yorkshire, both named from Old English līn ‘flax’ + garðr ‘enclosure’.
Female
English
English name probably derived from Germanic lindi, LINDA means "serpent."Â In some cases, it may have been derived from the Spanish word for "pretty."
Girl/Female
Irish
Eimear possessed the “Six Gifts of Womanhood†– “beauty, a gentle voice, sweet words, wisdom, needlework and chastity!†She was bethrothed to the warrior Cuchulainn (read the legend) when they were children and they loved each other very deeply. But Cuchulainn had “a wandering eye†and Eimear endured this, realizing “everything new is fair,†but when he made love to Fand, wife of the sea god Manannan, Eimear confronted the lovers. After seeing the strength of Fand’s love she offered to withdraw. Touched by this display of unselfishness, Fand left Cuchulainn and returned to the sea. When Cuchulainn died Eimear spoke movingly and lovingly at his graveside.
Surname or Lastname
English (Cornish)
English (Cornish) : habitational name from a place named with Cornish lan ‘church’. In England this surname is now found chiefly in the southern counties of Wiltshire and Hampshire, and Berkshire; it has no doubt moved there from Cornwall.
Surname or Lastname
Swedish
Swedish : ornamental name from lind ‘lime tree’ + either the German suffix -er denoting an inhabitant, or the surname suffix -ér, derived from the Latin adjectival ending -er(i)us.English (mainly southeastern) : variant of Lind 2.German : habitational name from any of numerous places called Linden or Lindern, named with German Linden ‘lime trees’.
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon; of Cornish origin)
English (Devon; of Cornish origin) : topographic name for someone who lived by a menhir, i.e. a tall standing stone erected in prehistoric times (Cornish men ‘stone’ + hir ‘long’).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Lingard.French : occupational name for a maker of or dealer in linen goods, from Old French linge ‘linen (goods)’ (see Linge 1).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a whitewasher, Middle English limer, lymer, an agent derivative of Old English līm ‘lime’.
Boy/Male
Irish
Meaning “â€fair-haired,â€â€ the name has been popular since the sixth century when St. Finbar came to an area of Cork that was being tormented by a serpent. The people begged him to do something to help them. One night he went to where the serpent was sleeping and sprinkled it with holy water. The angry serpent tore and devoured the land until she slithered into the sea at Cork Harbor. The track she left behind filled with water and became the River Lee and that’s why St. Finbar is the patron saint of Cork. It is said that the sun didn’t set for two weeks after Finbar’s death.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Lanier 1.Dutch : variant of Leonard.Jewish (western Ashkenazic) : name taken by someone who was good at chanting the Pentateuch at public worship in the synagogue or who regularly did so, from West Yiddish layner ‘reader’ (a derivative of West Yiddish laynen ‘to read’, which comes ultimately from Latin legere ‘to read’).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : occupational name for a flax grower or merchant, from German Lein ‘flax’ + agent suffix -er.
Boy/Male
Sikh
Love unending
Female
Scottish
Variant spelling of Scottish Lilias, LILEAS means "lily."
PARTIALLY LINEAR-MODEL
PARTIALLY LINEAR-MODEL
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Peace
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Point; Drop; Dot
Girl/Female
Arabic
Tree Branch of Heaven
Girl/Female
Greek Spanish
Beautiful. Jacinth is derived from the name of a precious stone. This name is also related to...
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
One with Lotus Like Eyes
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, German
Shield-wolf
Surname or Lastname
English (South Yorkshire)
English (South Yorkshire) : habitational name from Wigfield (earlier Wigfall) Farm, Worsbrough, named with the Old English personal name Wicga or Old English wicga ‘beetle’ + (ge)fall ‘forest clearing’.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh, Tamil
Scents of the Forest
Girl/Female
Muslim
A name of some prominent women
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English
Youthful; Girl; Jove's Child; Sweet Heart; A Young Woman; Downey-haired Child; Similar to Jill
PARTIALLY LINEAR-MODEL
PARTIALLY LINEAR-MODEL
PARTIALLY LINEAR-MODEL
PARTIALLY LINEAR-MODEL
PARTIALLY LINEAR-MODEL
a.
Of a linear shape.
a.
Partially vitreous.
a.
In the direction of a line; of or pertaining to a line; measured on, or ascertained by, a line; linear; as, lineal magnitude.
n.
Pertaining to a subordinate portion; as, a compound umbel is made up of a several partial umbels; a leaflet is often supported by a partial petiole.
a.
Of or pertaining to a line; consisting of lines; in a straight direction; lineal.
n.
The quality or state of being partial; inclination to favor one party, or one side of a question, more than the other; undue bias of mind.
n.
One who lines, as, a liner of shoes.
a.
Like a line; narrow; of the same breadth throughout, except at the extremities; as, a linear leaf.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or included by, two lines; as, bilinear coordinates.
a.
Partially verticillate.
a.
Linear.
a.
Descending in a direct line from an ancestor; hereditary; derived from ancestors; -- opposed to collateral; as, a lineal descent or a lineal descendant.
n.
One who adjusts things to a line or lines or brings them into line.
a.
Partially solid.
adv.
In part; not totally; as, partially true; the sun partially eclipsed.
a.
Composed of lines; delineated; as, lineal designs.
adv.
In a linear manner; with lines.
n.
Of, pertaining to, or affecting, a part only; not general or universal; not total or entire; as, a partial eclipse of the moon.
n.
A predilection or inclination to one thing rather than to others; special taste or liking; as, a partiality for poetry or painting.
adv.
In a partial manner; with undue bias of mind; with unjust favor or dislike; as, to judge partially.