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Mesoscale boundary separating outflow from the surrounding air
An outflow boundary, also known as a gust front, is a storm-scale or mesoscale boundary separating thunderstorm-cooled air (outflow) from the surrounding
Outflow_boundary
Air that flows outwards from a storm system
thunderstorm outflow boundary often approaches in otherwise clear skies as a low, thick cloud that brings with it a gust front. Low-level outflow boundaries can
Outflow_(meteorology)
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up outflow in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Outflow may refer to: Capital outflow, the capital leaving a particular economy Bipolar outflow, in astronomy
Outflow
Storm characterized by lightning
virtually no vertical wind shear weaken as soon as they send out an outflow boundary in all directions, which then quickly cuts off its inflow of relatively
Thunderstorm
Thunderstorm that is generally weak and usually not severe
within determine motion. When the deep-layered wind flow is light, outflow boundary progression will determine storm movement. Since thunderstorms can
Air-mass_thunderstorm
Boundary separating two masses of air of different densities
dash labelled SQLN or squal line, while outflow boundaries are depicted as troughs with a label of outflow boundary. Fronts are the principal cause of significant
Weather_front
Difference in wind speed or direction over a short distance
three-dimensional boundary. The stronger the outflow boundary is, the stronger the resultant vertical wind shear will become. Weather fronts are boundaries between
Wind_shear
Widespread, long-lived, straight-line wind storm
the direction of movement of their associated storms, similar to an outflow boundary (gust front). The difference between derechos and conventional gust
Derecho
Type of weather map
outflow boundaries are depicted as troughs with a label of "OUTFLOW BOUNDARY" or "OUTFLOW BNDRY".[citation needed] Sea breeze fronts occur on sunny days
Surface_weather_analysis
1925 tornado in Missouri, Illinois and Indiana, U.S.
tilted, was continuing to approach from the northwest and an apparent outflow boundary moved just to the south of the warm front over northeastern Arkansas
1925_Tri-State_tornado
Type of intense dust storm
thunderstorm Dust devil Intertropical Convergence Zone Khamsin Mistral (wind) Outflow boundary Simoom Sirocco Haboob at the Encyclopædia Britannica Idso, SB; Ingram
Haboob
Strong surface-level winds that radiate from a single point
heat burst, is created by vertical currents on the backside of old outflow boundaries and squall lines where rainfall is lacking. Heat bursts generate significantly
Downburst
2016 EF4 tornado in Kansas, US
Kansas tornadoes being near the intersection of the dryline and an outflow boundary initiated by earlier convection. Remnants of the system would travel
2016_Abilene–Chapman_tornado
Atmospheric wave disturbance
area of the atmosphere which is stable in the low levels after an outflow boundary or a cold front moves through. In hydraulics, an undular bore is a
Undular_bore
Meteorological term for flow of a fluid into a large collection of itself
associated tornadoes, normally by the thunderstorm's own rain-cooled outflow boundary, the storms begin to dissipate. Rear inflow jets behind squall lines
Inflow_(meteorology)
United States meteorological event
activity from the overnight hours persisted, generating residual outflow boundaries. Already, anomalously warm surface temperatures reached the mid-70s
Tornado outbreak of May 9–11, 1953
Tornado_outbreak_of_May_9–11,_1953
F4 tornado in 2000
large air mass over southwest Ohio was recovering from a convective outflow boundary in September 2000. The weather instability created via this event caused
2000_Xenia_tornado
Weather event in the United States
destabilization of the atmosphere previously impacted by morning storms. An outflow boundary from that convection was expected to become the focal point for enhanced
Tornado outbreak of May 25–27, 2024
Tornado_outbreak_of_May_25–27,_2024
Violently rotating column of air
fast-moving cold, dry outflow air from a thunderstorm is blown through a mass of stationary, warm, moist air near the outflow boundary, resulting in a "rolling"
Tornado
2011 EF5 tornado in Mississippi and Alabama, U.S.
thermal boundary in northeastern Mississippi. This was an east–west oriented outflow boundary left behind by the morning squall line. This boundary is also
2011_Smithville_tornado
EF4 tornado in Mississippi, US
and Tennessee began dissipating over time, leaving a well-defined outflow boundary across south-central Tennessee and more diffuse across the northern
2014 Louisville, Mississippi tornado
2014_Louisville,_Mississippi_tornado
Tornado outbreak that struck the Midwestern United States on May 18–21, 2013
producing very large hail and downbursts. Additionally, a stationary outflow boundary over southern Minnesota and northern Iowa encountered moderate instability
Tornado outbreak of May 18–21, 2013
Tornado_outbreak_of_May_18–21,_2013
tilted (or negative tilt) Occluded front Occlusion Overshooting top Outflow Outflow boundary Particularly Dangerous Situation (PDS) Path length (Pl) – The distance
Glossary_of_tornado_terms
Weather event in the United States
stationary boundary which was due east at 12z became slightly tilted to the southeast while very slowly moving northward. The associated outflow boundary with
June_4,_1993,_derecho
evening storms were also enhanced by the outflow boundary left behind by the morning storms over Missouri: the boundary created a strong density gradient, increased
Tornado outbreak sequence of May 3–11, 2003
Tornado_outbreak_sequence_of_May_3–11,_2003
Software for simulating water flow within rivers
can utilize hydrographs or stage data, amongst other methods, while outflow boundary condition options include rating curve, normal depth, stage hydrograph
HEC-RAS
Condition where the Earth's atmosphere is generally considered to be unstable
when a low level boundary such as a cold front or outflow boundary approaches a layer of cold, stable air. The approaching boundary will create a disturbance
Atmospheric_instability
Tornado outbreak
conditions did not favor the development of tornadoes. However, an outflow boundary from an area of storms in Oklahoma moved southwards before stalling
Tornado outbreak of April 3, 2012
Tornado_outbreak_of_April_3,_2012
Thunderstorm that is characterized by the presence of a mesocyclone
convergence and lifting along this line. Landspouts sometimes occur on the outflow boundary of this region, and a cyclic supercell can also occur when the main
Supercell
Flowing current
The Mediterranean Outflow is a current flowing from the Mediterranean Sea towards the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar. Once it has reached
Mediterranean_outflow
knots (12–17 mph). gust front See outflow boundary. gustnado A relatively weak tornado associated with the outflow at the leading edge of a thunderstorm
Glossary_of_meteorology
Development and strengthening of a tropical cyclone in the atmosphere
Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a tropical wave, a broad surface front, or an outflow boundary, a low-level feature with sufficient vorticity and convergence is required
Tropical_cyclogenesis
2024 EF4 tornado in Iowa, U.S.
non-severe storms existed along a composite frontal and outflow boundary. North of this boundary existed a large area of rain showers that covered an area
Greenfield_tornado
Regional tropical cyclone
Convergence Zone (ITCZ) or monsoon trough, a broad surface front, or an outflow boundary, a low level feature with sufficient vorticity and convergence is required
Typhoon
Weather event in the United States
the south of a quasi-stationary weather front, leaving a distinct outflow boundary across central and eastern Kansas. Early on March 13, morning atmospheric
March 1990 Central United States tornado outbreak
March_1990_Central_United_States_tornado_outbreak
Cloud formation occurring at the base of a thunderstorm
condensation from the cool outflow of the storm that lifts warmer air in the ambient environment (at the outflow boundary). When present in a supercell
Wall_cloud
1998 Tornado in Alabama
neighborhood of West Ensley. The supercell then detached from the outflow boundary around this time, and the tornado began to weaken. Having weakened
1998 Oak Grove–Birmingham tornado
1998_Oak_Grove–Birmingham_tornado
1997 F5 tornado
metroplex (DFW) to the Permian Basin, which also included two decaying outflow boundaries northeast of the DFW metroplex. A gravity wave was also noted from
Jarrell_tornado
Meteorological observation
regions around other thunderstorms. They may also be visible as an outflow boundary hours or days after convection and can pinpoint areas of favored thunderstorm
Convective_storm_detection
2017 tornado outbreak in Texas, USA
an outflow boundary in the region, which resulted in numerous favorable conditions coming together and allowing thunderstorms along the boundary to rapidly
2017_East_Texas_tornadoes
Boundary between moist and dry air
clouds. Dew point depression Surface weather analysis Weather front Outflow boundary Scott Girhard (2007-05-04). "Lecture 3 - Thunderstorms". San Antonio
Dry_line
Tornado outbreak in the United States
and Tennessee began dissipating over time, leaving a well-defined outflow boundary across south-central Tennessee and more diffuse across the northern
Tornado outbreak and floods of April 27–30, 2014
Tornado_outbreak_and_floods_of_April_27–30,_2014
Windstorm affecting the U.S. Gulf Coast
ongoing by the time of these outlooks, focused along and north of an outflow boundary from Midland into northeastern Texas. The environment south of these
2024_Houston_derecho
Funnel-shaped cloud not touching the ground
systems, or in association with atmospheric boundaries such as lake and sea breezes or outflow boundaries. The larger scale weather conditions are characterized
Funnel_cloud
Dangers of cloud formations to aircraft
phenomena. The reference to the thunderstorm front corresponds to the outflow boundary associated with downbursts that are indeed very dangerous and are the
Cumulonimbus_and_aviation
Measurement of viscosity in fluid dynamics
categorized over the years including twisted Taylor vortices and wavy outflow boundaries. It has been a well researched and documented flow in fluid dynamics
Taylor–Couette_flow
Type of tornado not originating from a mesocyclone
producing landspouts. Landspouts can also occur due to interactions from outflow boundaries, as they can occasionally cause enhanced convergence and vorticity
Landspout
Thunderstorm that produces severe weather for short periods
downstream. The outflow can then serve as a trigger for other single cell or even multi-cell thunderstorms to develop because the Outflow boundary is a lifting
Pulse_storm
Atmospheric phenomenon
motion will often follow. Specifically, a cold front, sea/lake breeze, outflow boundary, or forcing through vorticity dynamics (differential positive vorticity
Atmospheric_convection
Moderately sized weather phenomena
the use of an overarching symbol (a trough symbol) with a label of outflow boundary as the frontal notation. Weather portal Microscale meteorology Misoscale
Mesoscale_meteorology
Short, sharp increase in wind speed
thinning of a squall line will occur: with winds decaying over time, outflow boundaries weakening updrafts substantially and clouds losing their thickness
Squall
Mesoscale convective system shaped like an archer's bow
storm detection Derecho Gustnado Hook echo Mesoscale convective system Outflow boundary Rear-inflow jet Tornado Bow Echo Prototype Klimowski, Brian A.; Mark
Bow_echo
1953 F5 tornado in Texas
along the coast. Storms earlier near Abilene had produced outflow boundaries, and those boundaries were thought to have an effect on tornadogenesis later
1953_Waco_tornado
Weather event in the United States
County, and then rapidly intensified to an F3 as it crossed a stray outflow boundary, slamming into Oak Grove, an unincorporated town west of Rock Creek
Tornado outbreak of April 6–9, 1998
Tornado_outbreak_of_April_6–9,_1998
Natural disaster in southern Illinois, United States in 1982
Springfield and Cape Girardeau, Missouri, and Fort Campbell, Kentucky. An outflow boundary was draped over Central Illinois and Missouri from overnight convection
1982_Marion_tornado_outbreak
Weather event in Ontario, Canada
the towns of Wiarton and Tara. It has been speculated that a large outflow boundary associated with these particular storms may have interacted with the
1979 Woodstock, Ontario, tornado
1979_Woodstock,_Ontario,_tornado
Pair of F5 tornadoes in 1974
near-parallel outflow boundaries, allowed successive supercells, all producing strong, long-tracked tornadoes, to develop unconstrained by their outflow in a broad
1974_Tanner_tornadoes
United States tornado outbreak in May 2025
front also lifted northward across Kansas and Missouri, with multiple outflow boundaries draped across Oklahoma and Arkansas from prior convection. A broad
Tornado outbreak of May 18–21, 2025
Tornado_outbreak_of_May_18–21,_2025
Topics referred to by the same term
Supporters Trust Wind gust, a short blast of wind Outflow boundary or gust front, a storm-scale or mesoscale boundary separating thunderstorm-cooled air from the
Gust
Weather event in the United States and Canada
developed along the Laramie and Bighorn mountains, and along a warm front/outflow boundary across Wyoming and Nebraska. A few supercells evolved in this region
Tornado outbreak sequence of June 20–26, 2023
Tornado_outbreak_sequence_of_June_20–26,_2023
Town in Indiana, United States
lost. However, strong surface winds began to interact with a leftover outflow boundary from the earlier severe activity. As a result, new thunderstorm activity
Edinburgh,_Indiana
1925 tornado outbreak in the U.S. states of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana
tilted, was continuing to approach from the northwest and an apparent outflow boundary moved just to the south of the warm front over northeastern Arkansas
1925 Tri-State tornado outbreak
1925_Tri-State_tornado_outbreak
trough axis. Outflow Air that flows outwards from a storm system; associated with ridging, or anticyclonic flow. Low-level outflow boundaries from mesoscale
Glossary of tropical cyclone terms
Glossary_of_tropical_cyclone_terms
F5 tornado in Alabama, United States
near-parallel outflow boundaries, allowed successive supercells, all producing strong, long-tracked tornadoes, to develop unconstrained by their outflow in a broad
1974_Guin_tornado
The tornadoes were produced by a thunderstorm interacting with an outflow boundary and were largely unexpected, forming in an area where no tornado risk
Tornadoes_of_2022
Type of mesoscale convective system
upper-troposphere. Near the surface, the MCC exhibits high pressure, with an outflow boundary, or mesoscale cold front, at its leading edge. This high pressure is
Mesoscale_convective_complex
Tornado outbreak in Central Florida, US, on February 22–23, 1998
associated outflow boundary bisected portions of the Florida Panhandle and northernmost peninsular Florida, including the First Coast. Along the boundary, a vigorous
1998 Central Florida tornado outbreak
1998_Central_Florida_tornado_outbreak
Weather warning indicating an observed severe thunderstorm
is a Severe Thunderstorm Warning for winds associated with a strong outflow boundary, as opposed to a traditional thunderstorm. 287 WUUS53 KLOT 162204 SVRLOT
Severe_thunderstorm_warning
Natural disaster in Louisiana, United States
Louisiana around a weak area of low pressure that was situated next to an outflow boundary. It remained nearly stationary, and as a result, torrential downpours
2016_Louisiana_floods
Relative peak or lull in the sea level pressure distribution
precipitation type. Mesoscale convective systems such as tropical cyclones, outflow boundaries and squall lines also are analyzed on surface weather analyses. Isobaric
Pressure_system
Weather event
Northern Des Moines metro area at 3:30 a.m., it interacted with an outflow boundary from the storms to the north and rapidly intensified as it accelerated
July_2011_Midwest_derecho
Radar used to locate and monitor meteorological conditions
wind associated with rotations, such as mesocyclone, convergence (outflow boundary) and divergence (downburst). Droplets of falling liquid water tend
Weather_radar
List of tornadoes in Europe and surrounding regions in 2025
5 mi) 300 m (330 yd) A multiple-vortex "hybrid tornado" triggered by an outflow boundary interaction caused significant tree damage in forested areas.
List of European tornadoes in 2025
List_of_European_tornadoes_in_2025
2024 tornado outbreak in the Central United States
Texas in a very unstable and deeply sheared environment, riding along outflow boundaries that enhanced the tornado threat. A particularly intense EF3 tornado
Tornado outbreak of May 19–22, 2024
Tornado_outbreak_of_May_19–22,_2024
Tornado outbreak in the Central United States
Publication 1984, Events reported Harrington, Alex (Spring 2006). Residual Outflow Boundary Impacts on CAPE versus Shear Contributions to Tornadic Supercells:
Tornado outbreak of June 7–8, 1984
Tornado_outbreak_of_June_7–8,_1984
Weather event in the United States
Upper Midwest. Around this time the strengthening boundary showed features of an outflow boundary separating rain-cooled air to the north from warm,
Upper Great Lakes severe weather outbreak of August 23, 1998
Upper_Great_Lakes_severe_weather_outbreak_of_August_23,_1998
Weather event in the United States
activity was mostly confined to a small zone in central Iowa, where an outflow boundary branched off a low-pressure system in the western part of state along
Tornado outbreak of June 27, 1953
Tornado_outbreak_of_June_27,_1953
2002 F4 tornado in Ohio, US
the persistence of these storms resulted in the formation of a weak outflow boundary that further enhanced the tornado threat. A total of 10 tornadoes occurred
2002_Van_Wert–Roselms_tornado
1000-km-order method of measuring weather systems
frontal type and location. Mesoscale systems and boundaries such as tropical cyclones, outflow boundaries and squall lines are also analyzed on surface weather
Synoptic_scale_meteorology
Type of cumulus cloud
outflow downstream of the cumulonimbus. The outflow boundary behaves like a pseudo cold front that generates a mechanical forcing where the outflow meets
Castellanus
air masses diverge are called areas of frontolysis. Frontogenesis Outflow boundary Thralls, Zoe A. (1958). The Teaching of Geography. Appleton-Century-Crofts
Frontolysis
UTC on May 16, 2021, an outflow boundary developed over Northeastern Texas and moved generally southward. The outflow boundary then dissipated just 12
May 2021 South Central United States flooding
May_2021_South_Central_United_States_flooding
Topics referred to by the same term
Football Association (German: Österreichischer Fußball-Bund, ÖFB) Outflow boundary, in meteorology, the leading edge of precipitation-cooled air emanating
OFB
1995 tornado in Massachusetts
the south as well as locally enhanced wind shear due to numerous outflow boundaries in the area. With a discrete, surface-based supercell in an environment
Great_Barrington_tornado
Waco tornado outbreak – This tornado, which was likely spawned by an outflow boundary, moved east-southeast through the north side of San Angelo, producing
List of F4 tornadoes (1950–1959)
List_of_F4_tornadoes_(1950–1959)
List of tornadoes in the United States
(5.68 km) 200 yd (180 m) A unique tornado developed from colliding outflow boundaries and first touched down in a field where it snapped several pine trees
List of United States tornadoes from June to July 2025
List_of_United_States_tornadoes_from_June_to_July_2025
Void between celestial bodies
including tracking soil moisture for agriculture, prediction of water outflow from seasonal snow packs, detection of diseases in plants and trees, and
Outer_space
quasi-stationary boundary front produced heavy rainfall across the Midwest before the storms headed eastward. The day after, an outflow boundary associated
2013_Midwestern_U.S._floods
Late season United States tornado outbreak
After dark, forecasters noted airmass recovery on the back side of an outflow boundary over Texas, as well as the possibility of semi-discrete supercells
Tornado outbreak of November 2–5, 2024
Tornado_outbreak_of_November_2–5,_2024
2021 tornado in Illinois, U.S.
difficulty of predicting any large-scale threat due to numerous existing outflow boundaries in the risk area. Two rounds of severe weather were forecasted, with
2021 Naperville–Woodridge tornado
2021_Naperville–Woodridge_tornado
Severe weather event in the eastern United States
the persistence of these storms resulted in the formation of a weak outflow boundary that further enhanced the tornado threat. A total of 10 tornadoes occurred
2002 Veterans Day weekend tornado outbreak
2002_Veterans_Day_weekend_tornado_outbreak
Rare late May nor'easter in 2025
intersection of the warm front associated with the original low and an outflow boundary extending southward along the Carolina coastline. A classic Miller
May_2025_nor'easter
Second-largest tornado outbreak in United States history
near-parallel outflow boundaries, allowed successive supercells, all producing strong, long-tracked tornadoes, to develop unconstrained by their outflow in a broad
1974_Super_Outbreak
Atmospheric Research (OAR) 1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak orographic lift outflow boundary oxygen oxygen cycle ozone ozone depletion ozone depletion potential
Index_of_meteorology_articles
Meteorological research project
data or because they were modified by precipitation or a thunderstorm outflow boundary. In addition to upper-air sounding data, the surface temperature and
Alberta_Hail_Project
Application of science and technology
all aircraft because of severe turbulence due to their updrafts and outflow boundaries, icing due to the heavy precipitation, as well as large hail, strong
Weather_forecasting
Weather event in the United States
a thunderstorm complex over Devil's Lake, North Dakota produced an outflow boundary that further enhanced the low-level convergence zone in Eastern North
Tornado outbreak sequence of June 20–23, 1957
Tornado_outbreak_sequence_of_June_20–23,_1957
Reservoir in Saskatchewan, Canada
of Estevan, are called Sunset Bay and Lakewood. The primary inflow and outflow for the reservoir is Long Creek. There is a 10-kilometre (6.2 mi) long
Boundary_Dam_Reservoir
Table of weather elements
determination of precipitation type. Mesoscale boundaries such as tropical cyclones, outflow boundaries and squall lines also are analyzed on surface weather
Weather_map
(2.4 km) 75 yd (69 m) A supercell thunderstorm interacted with an outflow boundary and produced this short-lived and weak tornado over open country that
List of United States tornadoes in May 2008
List_of_United_States_tornadoes_in_May_2008
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places so called. One in Wiltshire was named in Old English ‘valley at a boundary’, from mearc ‘boundary’ + denu ‘valley’; one in Sussex was named as ‘boundary hill’ (Old English (ge)mǣre ‘boundary’ + dūn ‘hill’); one in Kent was named ‘mares’ pasture’ (Old English m(i)ere ‘mares’ + denn ‘pasture’); while the one in Herefordshire was named with British magno- ‘plain’ + Old English worðign ‘enclosure’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place in Nottinghamshire, named in Old English as ‘homestead at a (district) boundary’, from mearc ‘boundary’ + hÄm ‘homestead’.Irish : English surname used as an equivalent of Gaelic Ó Marcacháin ‘descendant of Marcachán’, a diminutive of Marcach (see Markey). This is a Galway surname, which is sometimes ‘translated’ as Ryder.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by a border or boundary, from Anglo-Norman French marche ‘boundary’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places in Lancashire and West Yorkshire, so named from Old English mearc ‘boundary’ (see Mark 2) + denu ‘valley’ (see Dean 1), i.e. a valley forming a natural boundary.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Marksbury in Somerset (now Avon), which was named in Old English either as ‘Mǣrec’s or Mearc’s stronghold’ (from an Old English male personal name + burh ‘stronghold’, ‘fortified place’, dative byrig), or as ‘stronghold on a boundary’ (from mearc ‘boundary’, possibly a reference to the Wansdyke, + burh, byrig).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by a pond, Old English mere.English : topographic name for someone who lived near a boundary, Old English (ge)mǣre.
Boy/Male
Norse
An outlaw.
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Enthusiast's Hill
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, Irish, French, Dutch, German, Czech, Slovak, Spanish (MartÃn), Italian (Venice), etc.
English, Scottish, Irish, French, Dutch, German, Czech, Slovak, Spanish (MartÃn), Italian (Venice), etc. : from a personal name (Latin Martinus, a derivative of Mars, genitive Martis, the Roman god of fertility and war, whose name may derive ultimately from a root mar ‘gleam’). This was borne by a famous 4th-century saint, Martin of Tours, and consequently became extremely popular throughout Europe in the Middle Ages. As a North American surname, this form has absorbed many cognates from other European forms.English : habitational name from any of several places so called, principally in Hampshire, Lincolnshire, and Worcestershire, named in Old English as ‘settlement by a lake’ (from mere or mær ‘pool’, ‘lake’ + tÅ«n ‘settlement’) or as ‘settlement by a boundary’ (from (ge)mære ‘boundary’ + tÅ«n ‘settlement’). The place name has been charged from Marton under the influence of the personal name Martin.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived on the border between two territories, especially in the Marches between England and Wales or England and Scotland, from Anglo-Norman French marche ‘boundary’ (of Germanic origin; compare Mark 2). In some cases, the surname may be a habitational name from March in Cambridgeshire, which was probably named from the locative case of Old English mearc ‘boundary’.English : from a nickname or personal name for someone who was born or baptized in the month of March (Middle English, Old French march(e), Latin Martius (mensis), from the name of the god Mars) or who had some other special connection with the month, such as owing a feudal obligation then.Catalan : from the personal name March, Catalan equivalent of Mark 1.
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish
English and Irish : variant of Mayhew.Variant of French Mailhot.A William Mayo born in Wiltshire, England, c. 1684 was a surveyor who settled in VA about 1623 and helped survey the VA-NC boundary and found Richmond and Petersburg, VA. [newpara]The Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN, was founded by William Worrall Mayo (1819–1911), who immigrated to the U.S. from England, in 1845, and his sons, all gifted and innovative physicians and surgeons.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of the various places so called, for example in Devon, Kent, and West Yorkshire. According to Ekwall, the first element of these place names is respectively Old English (ge)mǣre ‘boundary’, myrig ‘pleasant’, and mearð ‘(pine) marten’. The second element in each case is Old English lēah ‘woodland clearing’. This surname was taken to Ireland by a Northumbrian family who settled there in the 17th century.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place in Cheshire, named in Old English as ‘boundary ((ge)mǣre) stream (pyll)’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Merriott in Somerset, named in Old English as ‘boundary gate’ or ‘mare gate’, from (ge)mǣre ‘boundary’ or miere ‘mare’ + geat ‘gate’.English : variant (as a result of hypercorrection) of Marriott, or of Marryat, which is from a Middle English personal name, Meryet, Old English Mǣrgēat, composed of the element mǣr ‘boundary’ + the tribal name Gēat (see Joslin).
Surname or Lastname
English (Lancashire)
English (Lancashire) : habitational name from a place in the parish of Wigan (now in Greater Manchester), so called from Old English mearc ‘boundary’ + lanu ‘lane’.English (Lancashire) : topographic name for someone who lived by a stretch of border or boundary land (see Mark) or a status name for someone who held land with an annual value of one mark.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of several places so called, principally in Lincolnshire, Warwickshire, and North Yorkshire, named in Old English as ‘settlement by a lake’ (from mere or mær ‘pool’, ‘lake’ + tūn ‘settlement’) or as ‘settlement by a boundary’ (from (ge)mære ‘boundary’ + tūn ‘settlement’). Compare Martin 2.Hungarian (Márton) : from the Hungarian personal name Márton (see Martin 1).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Middle English outlawe ‘outlaw’ (from Old Norse útlagi). (When a sentence of outlawry was passed on someone in the Middle Ages it meant that they no longer had the protection of the law.) According to Reaney and Wilson this was also occasionally used as a personal name; they cite the example of someone called Hutlage.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by a boundary (see Mark 2). It is notable that early examples of the surname tend to occur near borders, for example on the Kent-Sussex boundary.English : possibly an occupational name from an agent derivative of Middle English mark(en) ‘to put a mark on’, although it is not clear what the exact nature of the work of such a ‘marker’ would be.English : relatively late development of Mercer. There is one family in Clitheroe, Lancashire, who spelled their name Mercer or Marcer in the 16th century, but Marker in the 17th.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : occupational name from Yiddish marker ‘servant’.German : status name for someone who lived on an area of land that was marked off from the village land or woodland, Middle High German merkære.Danish : from a short form of the Germanic personal name Markward.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name probably from Langsford in Petertavy, Devon, so named from Old English landscearu ‘boundary’ + ford ‘ford’.
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY
Male
Italian
Italian form of Roman Latin Sabinus, SABINO means "Sabine; a follower of another religion."
Boy/Male
Greek
Lord.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Shiv
Girl/Female
Arabic
Joyful
Male
Irish
Variant spelling of Irish Bearach, BERACH means "sharp."
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Dutch, English, Swedish
Dutchman; A Native of Flanders; Man from the Lowlands
Girl/Female
Indian
Wanderer, Powerful and complete
Girl/Female
Muslim
Pure
Girl/Female
Tamil
Painting, Artist, Beautiful drawing
Boy/Male
Hindu
Praised
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY
p. p.
of Outfly
v. t.
To remove from legal jurisdiction or enforcement; as, to outlaw a debt or claim; to deprive of legal force.
n.
A flowing out; efflux.
v. t.
To outlaw by public proclamation.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Outlaw
n.
An outlaw; a brigand.
n.
The state of being an outlaw.
v. t.
To grow out of or away from; to grow too large, or too aged, for; as, to outgrow clothing; to outgrow usefulness; to outgrow an infirmity.
imp.
of Outgrow
v. t.
To exceed in folly.
imp. & p. p.
of Outlaw
p. p.
of Outgrow
v. i.
To flow out.
v. t.
To deprive of the benefit and protection of law; to declare to be an outlaw; to proscribe.
v. t.
To frown down; to overbear by frowning.
n.
Leakage or outflow, as of steam or a liquid.
v. t.
To surpass in growing; to grow more than.
imp.
of Outfly
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Outgrow