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Copyright-protected work for which rightsholders are positively indeterminate
An orphan work is a copyright-protected work for which rightsholders are positively indeterminate or uncontactable. Sometimes the names of the originators
Orphan_work
Child who has lost their parents
An orphan is a child whose parents have died, are unknown, or have permanently abandoned them. The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd edition, defines
Orphan
Works without identifiable owners
An orphan work is a work whose copyright owner is impossible to identify or contact. This inability to request permission from the copyright owner often
Orphan works in the United States
Orphan_works_in_the_United_States
European Union directive
digitisation and online display of orphan works. After a diligent search has been completed, a work can be registered at the orphan works register of the European
Orphan_Works_Directive
U.S. welfare program
The Orphan Train Movement was a supervised welfare program that transported children from crowded Eastern cities of the United States to foster homes located
Orphan_Train
Chinese play attributed to Ji Junxiang
‹ The template Infobox play is being considered for merging. › The Orphan of Zhao is a Chinese play from the Yuan dynasty, attributed to the 13th-century
The_Orphan_of_Zhao
Regulatory class of pharmaceutical drug
An orphan drug is a pharmaceutical agent that is developed to treat certain rare medical conditions. An orphan drug would not be profitable to produce
Orphan_drug
2013 Canadian science fiction thriller television series
Orphan Black is a Canadian science-fiction thriller television series created by screenwriter Graeme Manson and director John Fawcett and starring Tatiana
Orphan_Black
Film that has been abandoned by its creator or copyright holder
An orphan film is a motion picture work that has been abandoned by its owner or copyright holder. The term may also refer to any film that has suffered
Orphan_film
1924–2010 American comic strip
Little Orphan Annie, also simply known as Annie, was a daily American comic strip created by Harold Gray and syndicated by the Tribune Media Services.
Little_Orphan_Annie
Film by Jaume Collet-Serra
Orphan is a 2009 psychological horror film directed by Jaume Collet-Serra and written by David Leslie Johnson from a story by Alex Mace. The film stars
Orphan_(2009_film)
Orphan Black is a Canadian science fiction television series that premiered on March 30, 2013, in Canada on Space. The series was created by Graeme Manson
List_of_Orphan_Black_episodes
Orphanage in Bristol, England
The New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, commonly known as the Muller Homes, were an orphanage in the district of Ashley Down, in the north of Bristol. They
New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down
New_Orphan_Houses,_Ashley_Down
Legal concept regulating rights of a creative work
distribute, adapt, display, and perform a creative work, usually for a limited time. The creative work may be in a literary, artistic, educational, or musical
Copyright
2022 film by William Brent Bell
Orphan: First Kill is a 2022 American psychological slasher film directed by William Brent Bell and written by David Coggeshall, based on a story by David
Orphan:_First_Kill
General term for inaccessible media
archaeology – Sub-discipline of archaeology Media preservation Orphan work – Copyright-protected work for which rightsholders are positively indeterminate Soister
Lost_media
Works outside the scope of copyright law
domain in the United States List of public domain projects Millar v Taylor Orphan works Paying public domain Protection of Classics Public Domain Enhancement
Public_domain
Euro-orphan or EU orphan is a neologism used metaphorically to describe a "social orphan" in the European Union whose parents have migrated to another
Euro-orphan
Ownership of creative expressions and processes
registration or copyright notices, this is thought to have led to an increase in orphan works (copyrighted works for which the copyright owner cannot be contacted)
Intellectual_property
Wife of Alexander Hamilton (1757–1854)
City. She is recognized as an early American philanthropist for her work with the Orphan Asylum Society. Schuyler was born in Albany, New York, the second
Elizabeth_Schuyler_Hamilton
Canadian children, wrongly classified as mentally ill
The Duplessis Orphans (French: les Orphelins de Duplessis) were a population of Canadian children wrongly certified as mentally ill by the provincial
Duplessis_Orphans
Reverse image search engine
identify and/or locate," the use of TinEye could potentially remove the orphan work status from online images that can be found in its database. It has been
TinEye
Enforcement of legal freedoms in all derivatives of a work
freedoms refers to the use of the work for any purpose, and the ability to modify, copy, share, and redistribute the work, with or without a fee. Licenses
Copyleft
Canadian writer and teacher (born 1954)
of Toronto, Canada. Jenkinson founded the Orphan Wisdom School with his wife Nathalie Roy in 2010. “Orphan Wisdom” is what he calls a method of inquiry
Stephen_Jenkinson
Painting by Delacroix
Eugène Delacroix. Believed to be a preparatory work in oil for the artist's later Massacre at Chios, Orphan Girl at the Cemetery is nevertheless considered
Orphan_Girl_at_the_Cemetery
fictional characters in literature and comics. While the exact definition of orphan and foundlings varies, one legal definition is a child bereft through "death
List of orphans and foundlings
List_of_orphans_and_foundlings
2011 American film
The Orphan Killer is a 2011 independent horror film written and directed by Matt Farnsworth. It was produced by Farnsworth and Full Fathom 5. Farnsworth
The_Orphan_Killer
Canadian actress (born 1985)
playing multiple characters in the science-fiction thriller television series Orphan Black (2013–2017), which won her a Primetime Emmy Award (2016) and five
Tatiana_Maslany
A zombie trademark, orphan brand or zombie mark is an abandoned trademark from a brand or company which is revived by a new enterprise with no affiliation
Zombie_trademark
Canadian actor (born 1981)
video game franchise Far Cry (2012, 2021), Vic Schmidt in the sci-fi series Orphan Black (2013–2014), and Mac Gargan / Scorpion in the Marvel Cinematic Universe
Michael_Mando
American legal case
project to identify orphan works. An orphan work is a copyrighted work whose owner cannot be identified or contacted. The Orphan Works Project focuses
Authors Guild, Inc. v. HathiTrust
Authors_Guild,_Inc._v._HathiTrust
Director, stunt performer and actor
stuntman and actor. He is primarily known for his work directing popular television series such as Orphan Black, Xena: Warrior Princess, Gotham, Star Trek:
T._J._Scott
1934, 1941 Mickey Mouse cartoon
Orphan's Benefit is an American animated short film produced by Walt Disney Productions in black-and-white. It was first released in 1934 and was later
Orphan's_Benefit
Residential institution devoted to the care of orphans
residential institution, total institution or group home, devoted to the care of orphans and children who, for various reasons, cannot be cared for by their biological
Orphanage
1995 comedy film directed by Andy Tennant
focuses on two lookalike girls who meet by chance in a summer camp. One is an orphan while the other a wealthy heiress. They decide to act as matchmakers for
It_Takes_Two_(1995_film)
American actress (born 1997)
known for her breakthrough role as Esther in the horror film Orphan (2009) and its prequel Orphan: First Kill (2022). She played Clove in the dystopian adventure
Isabelle_Fuhrman
Canadian screenwriter and producer
British Columbia. He is known for his work on the Space and BBC America science fiction thriller television series Orphan Black. He co-wrote the 1997 film
Graeme_Manson
identified or located, recommendation 3.5 suggests that it be considered an 'orphan work', reducing the liability of institutions who choose to distribute it
National Recording Preservation Plan
National_Recording_Preservation_Plan
US Senate copyright bill
The Shawn Bentley Orphan Works Act of 2008, also known as S.2913, was a bill legislated by the United States Senate on April 24, 2008. It was sponsored
Shawn Bentley Orphan Works Act of 2008
Shawn_Bentley_Orphan_Works_Act_of_2008
1986 Japanese animated film by Hayao Miyazaki
Tanaka, Keiko Yokozawa, Kotoe Hatsui [ja], and Minori Terada. In the film, orphans Sheeta and Pazu are pursued by government agent Muska, the army, and a
Castle_in_the_Sky
American novelist, screenwriter and comic book writer (born 1973)
in the thriller fiction genre. His script writing work includes a film adaptation of his book Orphan X, a TV adaptation of Joby Warrick's Black Flags:
Gregg_Hurwitz
Canadian actor (born 1989)
his role as Felix Dawkins in the BBC America and Space television series Orphan Black (2013–2017). He is the lead actor in The Lake (2022–2023) opposite
Jordan_Gavaris
American businessman and philanthropist (1795–1873)
Hopkins for founding three institutions, a university, a hospital, and an orphan asylum, specifically for colored children, adding that Hopkins was a "man
Johns_Hopkins
Non-profit organization based in Virginia, US
Coptic Orphans Support Association, better known as Coptic Orphans (CO) is an international development organization that has transformed the lives of
Coptic_Orphans
Indian sex worker and social activist (died 1977)
area of Mumbai during the 1960s. Gangubai worked for the rights of sex workers and for the well-being of orphans. She gradually ended up operating her own
Gangubai_Kothewali
Former Yemen law forcing conversion of Jewish orphans to Islam
The Orphans' Decree was a law in the Kingdom of Yemen mandating the forced conversion of Jewish orphans to Islam promulgated by the Zaydi. According to
Orphans'_Decree
Status of a book title at a publishing house
(recording industry) Deletion (music industry) of records List of publishers Orphan work Old Earth Books Self-publishing European Bureau of Library, Information
Out_of_print
Orphan Black is a Canadian science fiction television series broadcast on Space in Canada and on BBC America in the United States. The series' first season
List of Orphan Black characters
List_of_Orphan_Black_characters
IP protections for computer hardware
intellectual property. In United States intellectual property law, a "mask work" is a two or three-dimensional layout or topography of an integrated circuit
Integrated circuit layout design protection
Integrated_circuit_layout_design_protection
2018 play by Lindsey Ferrentino
‹ The template Infobox play is being considered for merging. › Amy and the Orphans is a 2018 play by Lindsey Ferrentino. The play officially opened Off-Broadway
Amy_and_the_Orphans
English actor (born 1985)
nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for his performances in Orphans (2013) and Sea Wall/A Life (2019). He was nominated for the Laurence Olivier
Tom_Sturridge
American actress (born 1998)
Namani, one of the protagonists of the story. The character is a young orphan, intelligent, skilled, and independent, who becomes a self‑taught engineer
Cailee_Spaeny
1988 Japanese animated film
shortly after its bombing by the U.S. Army Air Forces, and follows two orphaned siblings who desperately struggle to survive during the final months of
Grave_of_the_Fireflies
supporting 12,000 orphans in 14 countries. In 2015, Orphans in Need won the British Muslim Awards Muslim Charity of the Year Award for its work in the field
Orphans_in_Need
1931 Mickey Mouse cartoon
Mickey's Orphans is a 1931 American animated short film produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by Columbia Pictures. The cartoon takes place
Mickey's_Orphans
Overview of and topical guide to intellectual property
Freedom of panorama Right to quote List of intellectual property law journals Orphan works Public domain Reverse engineering Societal views on intellectual property
Outline of intellectual property
Outline_of_intellectual_property
2000 book by Thomas A. Underwood
and work until 1938 and focuses on his role as a poet and literary critic concerned with Southern history. Murphy, Paul V. (2001). "Allen Tate: Orphan of
Allen Tate: Orphan of the South
Allen_Tate:_Orphan_of_the_South
Iranian island in Persian Gulf
1960s, Iranian writer Jalal Al-e-Ahmad famously called the island "The Orphan Pearl of the Persian Gulf.” The island contains several important archaeological
Kharg_Island
Former hospital in New South Wales, Australia
South Wales, Australia. It was formerly known as the Female Orphan School and Protestant Orphan School. It is now the Parramatta South Campus of the Western
Rydalmere_Hospital
Canadian-American actor (born 1958)
Eureka (2006–2012) and Doctor Leekie in the Canadian science fiction drama Orphan Black (2013–2017). Frewer's more recent performances include a portrayal
Matt_Frewer
Copyrights related to attribution, anonymity, and integrity of the work
have a work published anonymously or pseudonymously, and the right to the integrity of the work. The preserving of the integrity of the work allows the
Moral_rights
Canadian actress and filmmaker
Screen Institute's Online Short Film Festival. She has also worked in the writers rooms of Orphan Black and Workin' Moms. In 2019, she starred as Lieutenant
Hannah_Cheesman
American bear enthusiast, environmentalist, and documentary filmmaker (1957–2003)
on a swimming and diving scholarship. There, he claimed to be a British orphan and on other occasions claimed that he was from Australia. Following two
Timothy_Treadwell
Copyright that lasts indefinitely
Derechos de Autor), governmental works are under perpetual copyright. Orphan work "Remarks of Samuel Langhorne Clemens Before the Congressional Joint Committee
Perpetual_copyright
Canadian comedian and actor (born 1987)
23 April 2021. "Canadian Screen Awards 2017: Baroness von Sketch Show, Orphan Black big winners" Archived 20 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine. CBC News
Mae_Martin
2018 film by Steven Spielberg
OASIS, a virtual reality simulation, to escape the real world. Teenage orphan Wade Watts finds clues to a contest that promises ownership of the OASIS
Ready_Player_One_(film)
Latvian-Canadian actress (born 1987)
series Life Unexpected and Shay Davydov in Season 3 of Orphan Black. As of 2024, her most recent work was in the main cast for the two seasons of the series
Ksenia_Solo
American actor (born 1951)
Doctor Richard Kimble. In NBC's The Virginian, he played the mistaken orphan whose father, played by Rory Calhoun, was an outlaw who was still alive
Kurt_Russell
American actor (born 1976)
Britannia in Code Geass, and Orga Itsuka in Mobile Suit Gundam: Iron-Blooded Orphans. Bosch was born John Jay Bosch on January 6, 1976 in Kansas City, Missouri
Johnny_Yong_Bosch
Inactive oil or gas sites in Alberta with no solvent owner
Orphan wells in Alberta, Canada are inactive oil or gas well sites that have no solvent owner who can be held legally or financially accountable for the
Orphan wells in Alberta, Canada
Orphan_wells_in_Alberta,_Canada
1908 novel by Lucy Maud Montgomery
late 19th century, the novel recounts the adventures of an 11-year-old orphan girl Anne Shirley sent by mistake to two middle-aged siblings, Matthew and
Anne_of_Green_Gables
Canadian drama television series
work of children's literature, Anne of Green Gables. It was created by Moira Walley-Beckett for CBC and Netflix; it stars Amybeth McNulty as orphan Anne
Anne_with_an_E
Closed Jewish orphanage in New York CIty
The Hebrew Orphan Asylum of New York (HOA) was a Jewish orphanage in New York City. It was founded in 1860 by the Hebrew Benevolent Society. It closed
Hebrew Orphan Asylum of New York
Hebrew_Orphan_Asylum_of_New_York
First public orphanage in the United States
Charleston Orphan House, the first public orphanage in the United States, was an orphanage in Charleston, South Carolina from 1790 to 1951. Records of
Charleston_Orphan_House
1759 play
merging. › The Orphan of China is a 1759 tragedy by the Irish writer Arthur Murphy, based on the traditional Chinese play The Orphan of Zhao with the
The_Orphan_of_China
Italian painter and architect (1483–1520)
August 1494 by his father, who had already remarried. Raphael was thus orphaned at eleven; his formal guardian became his only paternal uncle, Bartolomeo
Raphael
2021 American fantasy television series
place in the Grishaverse fantasy setting and follows Alina Starkov (Li), an orphan and cartographer who discovers she is a Grisha, someone with magical abilities
Shadow_and_Bone_(TV_series)
Canadian film and television director
director for the award-winning Temple Street Productions television series Orphan Black. Fawcett began his career making commercials before moving on to direct
John_Fawcett_(director)
American cartoonist (1894–1968)
cartoonist, best known as the creator of the newspaper comic strip Little Orphan Annie. Harold Gray was born in Kankakee, Illinois on January 20, 1894, to
Harold_Gray
Free licensed works in any field
the original on 28 May 2025. Retrieved 28 May 2025. "The Importance of Orphan Works Legislation". Archived from the original on 5 January 2010. Retrieved
Free_content
Tourist attraction in New South Wales, Australia
Scenic World began building a roller coaster known as the Orphan Rocker, named after the nearby Orphan Rock. It was the first roller coaster to be completely
Scenic_World
order to provide search engine–type services. The use of an orphan work, an in-copyright work whose owner cannot be found, on the internet, subject to approval
Copyright_law_of_Japan
Musical based on Victor Hugo's novel of the same name
changes his name and starts his life anew. He becomes wealthy and adopts an orphan, Cosette. A police inspector named Javert pursues Valjean over the decades
Les_Misérables_(musical)
British-American surgeon and author
exposed loopholes in the Orphan Drug Act of 1983 that, they said, accounted for higher drug pricing. His article "The Orphan Drug Act: Restoring the Mission
Marty_Makary
Law passed in the United States to facilitate development of orphan drugs
The Orphan Drug Act of 1983 is a law passed in the United States to facilitate development of orphan drugs—drugs for rare diseases such as Huntington's
Orphan_Drug_Act_of_1983
OCF Orphan Charity Foundation is a humanistic independent Foundation cares for orphans' affairs, in general, and orphans of terrorism, in particular. It
Orphan_Charity_Foundation
2001 film by Daniel Sackheim
Sobieski, Diane Lane, Stellan Skarsgård, and Bruce Dern. The plot follows two orphan siblings who go to live with friends of their parents as the older sibling
The_Glass_House_(2001_film)
American actor (born 1969)
his television career on Little House on the Prairie as James Cooper, an orphaned boy who, along with his sister, is adopted by the Ingalls family. From
Jason_Bateman
British multinational alcoholic beverage company
Kilmarnock in Scotland as part of a restructuring to the business, with work moved to Diageo's other two sites in Shieldhall and Leven. It would make
Diageo
Social services agency in New York City
trained social work staff is established. 1944 – The Foster Home Department is established. 1947 – Leake & Watts merges with the Orphan Home and Asylum
Leake_and_Watts_Services
American actor (born 1971)
(both 2004), Jarhead, Flightplan (both 2005), Elegy (2008), An Education, Orphan (both 2009), Lovelace, Blue Jasmine (both 2013), Black Mass (2015), Jackie
Peter_Sarsgaard
American actor (born 1996)
Daddy Day Care, Hostage, The Amityville Horror, Poseidon, Evan Almighty, Orphan, Shorts, and as young James T. Kirk in the 2009 film Star Trek. He also
Jimmy_Bennett
Albanian-Indian Catholic saint (1910–1997)
Shishu Bhavan, the Children's Home of the Immaculate Heart, as a haven for orphans and homeless youth. The congregation began to attract recruits and donations
Mother_Teresa
Spin-off of When Calls the Heart
introduced in When Calls the Heart: The Greatest Christmas Blessing, as two orphaned sisters, who were separated when Lillian was seven and Grace was five.
When_Hope_Calls
American actress (born 1981)
of the Dark (2014), Blackway (2015), 11:55 (2016), Hustlers (2019) and Orphan: First Kill (2022). Outside of film, Stiles played Lumen Pierce on the fifth
Julia_Stiles
Australian actress and producer (born 1955)
Dolores Kennedy. An adoptive mother of two, Furness is known for her work assisting orphans globally and streamlining international adoptions, especially in
Deborra-Lee_Furness
English actress (born 1985)
Bennet alongside Keira Knightley. Later that year, she won the role of orphan Ada Clare in the BAFTA award-winning BBC adaption of Charles Dickens' Bleak
Carey_Mulligan
2019 British fantasy television series
with the latter handling international distribution. The show follows the orphan Lyra Belacqua as she searches for a missing friend and discovers a kidnapping
His Dark Materials (TV series)
His_Dark_Materials_(TV_series)
Private New York City-based nonprofit
decided to take care of six orphans rather than placing them in the local almshouse. Children placed there were often forced to work for food and shelter. Graham
Graham_Windham
American political advisor (born 1991)
Oprysko, Caitlin (January 10, 2025). "Pharma taps Holland and Knight ahead of orphan drug tax fight". Politico. Retrieved February 2, 2026. Cai, Sophia; Burns
Katie_Miller
ORPHAN WORK
ORPHAN WORK
Female
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Orpah, ORPA means "forelock, mane" or "gazelle, hind."Â
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Vishnu
Boy/Male
Sanskrit
Shining light.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Destroyer of evil, Killing enemies
Girl/Female
Muslim
Light
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Treasured by God.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a player of a musical instrument (any musical instrument, not necessarily what is now known as an organ), from Middle English organ (Old French organe, Late Latin organum ‘device’, ‘(musical) instrument’, Greek organon ‘tool’, from ergein ‘to work or do’).English : from a rare medieval personal name, attested only in the Latinized forms Organus (masculine) and Organa (feminine). Its etymology is obscure; it may be a reworking of a Celtic name.French : habitational name from a place in the Hautes Pyrénées named Organ.
Male
English
 Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Ruadhán, ROHAN means "little red one." Compare with another form of Rohan.
Female
Hebrew
(עָרְפָּה) Hebrew name ORPAH means "forelock, mane" or "gazelle, hind." In the bible, this is the name of a Moabite woman.Â
Male
Iranian/Persian
(روشن) Persian unisex name ROSHAN means "bright, light."
Male
English
 Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Odhrán, ORAN means "little sallow one." Compare with another form of Oran.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Gods chosen one, Lord Vishnu, Destroyer of enemies
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Orphan
Male
English
Anglicized form of Middle Welsh Urien, ORIAN means "privileged birth."
Biblical
an orphan;purity, bereavement;
Boy/Male
Hindu
Who know everything
Boy/Male
Hindu
Brave
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Worthen.
Girl/Female
Biblical
An orphan.
Boy/Male
Australian, French, German, Turkish
Army Commander
ORPHAN WORK
ORPHAN WORK
Boy/Male
Indian, Marathi
Dynamic Personality
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Learning Strong
Girl/Female
Arthurian Legend American French Greek
In Arthurian legend, Elaine was mother to Sir Lancelot's son Galahad.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Trow, mainly of 1.altered spelling of German Treu.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Right and Beauteous
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English
From India
Girl/Female
Hindu
Wisdom, Knowledge, Learning, Goddess Durga
Male
Finnish
Finnish form of Greek Petros, PIETARI means "rock, stone."
Female
English
Pet form of French Nâdiya, NADINE means "hope."
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil, Telugu
Wealth and Treasure; Goddess Lakshmi
ORPHAN WORK
ORPHAN WORK
ORPHAN WORK
ORPHAN WORK
ORPHAN WORK
n.
The act of supporting orphans.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Orphan
a.
Of or pertaining to Orpheus, the mythic poet and musician; as, Orphean strains.
n.
An orphan.
n.
A child bereaved of both father and mother; sometimes, also, a child who has but one parent living.
n.
A hospital for orphans.
a.
Pertaining to Orpheus; Orphean; as, Orphic hymns.
n.
A wind instrument containing numerous pipes of various dimensions and kinds, which are filled with wind from a bellows, and played upon by means of keys similar to those of a piano, and sometimes by foot keys or pedals; -- formerly used in the plural, each pipe being considired an organ.
n.
The state or condition of being an orphan; orphanage.
v. t.
To cause to become an orphan; to deprive of parents.
v. t.
To supply with an organ or organs; to fit with organs; to organize.
imp. & p. p.
of Orphan
n.
A component part performing an essential office in the working of any complex machine; as, the cylinder, valves, crank, etc., are organs of the steam engine.
n.
See Archil.
n.
A little orphan.
a.
Elfish.
a.
Bereaved of parents, or (sometimes) of one parent.
n.
A medium of communication between one person or body and another; as, the secretary of state is the organ of communication between the government and a foreign power; a newspaper is the organ of its editor, or of a party, sect, etc.
n.
The state of being an orphan; orphanhood; orphans, collectively.