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See searches and references containing NYUNGIC LANGUAGES!NYUNGIC LANGUAGES
Family of Australian Aboriginal languages
The Nyungic languages are the south-westernmost of the Australian Aboriginal languages: Nyungic Noongar language Galaagu language (Kalarko, Malpa) Kalaamaya–Natingero
Nyungic_languages
Aboriginal Australian language family
Yolŋu languages Ngarna languages Nyungic languages Desert Nyungic Marrngu languages Ngumpin–Yapa languages Warumungu languages Wati languages Southwest
Pama–Nyungan_languages
Pama–Nyungan or Nyungic language group is the most diverse and widespread, though hypothetical, subfamily of the Pama–Nyungan language family of Australia
Southwest Pama–Nyungan languages
Southwest_Pama–Nyungan_languages
Pama–Nyungan language of Western Australia
languages. Kalarko–Mirniny language Mirning languages A2 Galaagu at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal
Galaagu_language
Branch of the Pama–Nyungan language family of Australia
branches (i.e. Southwest Nyungic and Desert Nyungic) are more distantly related. Dixon, R. M. W. (2002). Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development
Ngarna_languages
Pama–Nyungan language of Western Australia
Claire (23 December 2011). "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?". Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web. Bowern, Claire (6 February
Kalaamaya_language
Extinct Australian Aboriginal language
around 40% lexically similar. A95 Natingero at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Natingero_language
Language family of northern Australia
The Tangkic languages form a small language family of Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in northern Australia. The Tangkic languages are Lardil (Leerdil)
Tangkic_languages
Australian Aboriginal languages
The Macro-Gunwinyguan languages, also called Arnhem or Gunwinyguan, are a family of Australian Aboriginal languages spoken across eastern Arnhem Land
Macro-Gunwinyguan_languages
Group of Australian Aboriginal languages
The Dyirbalic languages are a group of languages forming a branch of the Pama–Nyungan family. They are: Dyirbalic Dyirbalic proper Dyirbal Warrgamay Nyawaygic
Dyirbalic_languages
Pama–Nyungan language family of Australia
Ngumpin languages are a small language family of Australia, consisting of (from west to east): Walmajarri Djaru Gurindji (Gurindji proper, Bilinarra, Wanyjirra
Ngumbin_languages
Family of Australian Aboriginal languages
includes the languages of the Yolŋu clans, who are Aboriginal peoples of northeast Arnhem Land in northern Australia. The family of languages includes the
Yolŋu_languages
Australian Aboriginal language family
another Thaypan / Rarmul Pama language. Pama–Maran languages Hale, Kenneth L. (1964). "Classification of Northern Paman Languages, Cape York Peninsula, Australia;
Paman_languages
Family of Pama-Nyungan languages
Ngarrga–Ngumpin languages are a family of Pama–Nyungan languages of the Pilbara region of Australia. Ngumpin–Yapa Ngarrga languages (Yapa) Warlmanpa
Ngumpin–Yapa_languages
Extinct unclassified languages of Australia
The Lower Burdekin languages are a geographical grouping of three distinct Aboriginal languages, spoken around the mouth of the Burdekin River in north
Lower_Burdekin_languages
Languages of Aboriginal people of central Australia
The Wati languages are the dominant Pama–Nyungan languages of central Australia. They include the moribund Wanman language and the Western Desert dialect
Wati_languages
Group of Australian Aboriginal languages
The Wik languages are a subdivision of the Paman languages consisting of sixteen languages, all spoken on the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia
Wik_languages
Family of Australian Aboriginal languages
a small family of Australian Aboriginal languages of Queensland. Bowern (2011) lists five Durubalic languages: Durubalic Turrubal (Turubul) Yagara (Jagara)
Durubalic_languages
Australian indigenous language group
The Kartu languages are a group of Indigenous Australian languages spoken in the Murchison and Gascoyne regions of Western Australia. They are thought
Kartu_languages
Language family of northern Australia
languages (Garrwan), or Yanyi, are a small language family of Australian Aboriginal languages currently spoken in northern Australia. The languages are:
Garawan_languages
Family of Australian Aboriginal languages
based on more data and languages of the region, classify Darumbal as a sister of Mbabaram (and therefore related to Maric languages, though as the first
Kingkel_languages
The language families of Africa Map of the Austronesian languages Map of major Dravidian languages Distribution of the Indo-European language family
List_of_language_families
Australian Aboriginal language group
The Yura or Thura-Yura languages are a group of Australian Aboriginal languages surrounding Spencer Gulf and Gulf St Vincent in South Australia, that comprise
Thura-Yura_languages
Pair of Aboriginal Australian languages
Kanyara languages are a pair of closely related languages in the southern Pilbara region of Western Australia. According to Dixon, languages classified
Kanyara_languages
Australian Aboriginal language
Retrieved 30 October 2017. E29 Gubbi Gubbi at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Gubbi_Gubbi_language
Pair of Pama–Nyungan languages of southeastern Australia
dialects of a single language. Bowern, Claire. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?", Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web, 23 December
Yotayotic_languages
Pama–Nyungan subfamily of southeastern Australia
The Gippsland languages are a family of Pama–Nyungan languages of Australia. They were spoken in the Gippsland region, the southernmost part of mainland
Gippsland_languages
Dialect cluster of Central Australia
defines the Arandic group of languages/dialects as comprising five Aranda (Arrernte) dialects, plus two distinct languages, Kaytetye (Koch, 2004) and Lower
Arrernte_language
Extinct language family of Australia
Australian Aboriginal languages of Queensland. They were once classified as Paman, but now as a separate branch of Pama–Nyungan. The languages are: Mayi-Kutuna
Mayabic_languages
Two Australian aboriginal languages
pair of related Australian Aboriginal languages, Kumbainggar and Yaygir. Gumbaynggir is the only surviving language in the Gumbaynggiric family of Pama–Nyungan
Gumbaynggiric_languages
Group of Australian Aboriginal languages
The Karnic languages are a group of languages of the Pama–Nyungan family. According to Dixon (2002), these are three separate families, but Bowern (2001)
Karnic_languages
Nearly extinct Australian Aboriginal language
sadder than the death of a language". The Spectator Australia. Retrieved 2026-03-12. W25 Thiin at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute
Thiin_language
Australian Aboriginal language of the Yolngu group spoken in the Northern Territory
is one of the Yolŋu languages spoken by Aboriginal Australians in the Northern Territory, Australia. Although all Yolŋu languages are mutually intelligible
Dhuwal_language
Languages of the Northern Territory
is a small family of Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in northern Australia. It includes four languages, none closely related: Burarra Gurr-goni Ndjébbana
Maningrida_languages
Subdivision of the Paman languages
The North Cape York Paman languages are a subdivision of the Paman languages consisting of forty languages, all spoken on the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland
North Cape York Paman languages
North_Cape_York_Paman_languages
Australian Aboriginal language family
Arandic is a family of Australian Aboriginal languages consisting of several languages or dialect clusters, including the Arrernte (Upper Arrernte) group
Arandic_languages
Extinct Australian Aboriginal language
of Australian languages formerly spoken throughout much of Queensland by many of the Murri peoples. The well attested Maric languages are clearly related;
Maric_languages
Pama–Nyungan language family of the Nullarbor Coast
The Mirning or Mirniny languages are a pair of Pama–Nyungan languages of the Nullarbor Coast of Australia. Mirning (Mirniny) Ngadjumaya (Ngatjumaya) Galaagu
Mirning_languages
Pama–Nyungan language group of Australia
The Kulin languages are a group of closely related languages of the Kulin people, part of the Kulinic branch of Pama–Nyungan. Woiwurrung (Woy-wur-rung):
Kulin_languages
Australian Aboriginal language
by the Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative. E10 Yaygir language at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute
Yaygir_language
Southwestern Australian Aboriginal language
Noongar (or Nyungar) language before European settlement: it was a subgroup (or possibly a dialect continuum) of closely related languages, whose speakers
Noongar_language
Extinct Aboriginal Australian language
Aboriginal Australian language of the Djab Wurrung people of central Victoria. S26 Djab Wurrung at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian
Djabwurrung_language
Extinct Australian Aboriginal language
Retrieved 14 January 2020. D1 Wemba-Wemba at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Wemba_Wemba_dialect
Extinct Australian Aboriginal language group
Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies L57 Minkabari at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database
Ngura_languages
Language branch spoken in Australia
Minyangbal, and Bandjalang as separate Bandjalangic languages. All Yugambeh–Bundjalung languages are nearly extinct. As of 2016[update], Bandjalang proper
Yugambeh–Bundjalung_languages
Australian Aboriginal language
itself, and Kugu-Uwanh. Y59 Kugu-Muminh at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Kugu_Nganhcara_language
Australian Aboriginal language
350 ethnic Thaayorre spoke the language. It is in a robust position compared to many indigenous Australian languages, as it is still being acquired by
Kuuk_Thaayorre_language
Family of Australian Aboriginal languages
The Southwestern Paman languages are a family of the Paman languages spoken on the western part of the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia. Alpher
Southwestern_Paman_languages
Australian Aboriginal language
"Cultural diversity: Census". N155 Garrwa at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Garrwa_language
Pama–Nyungan language spoken in Australia
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages. 2011. ISBN 9780987133717. Blake, Barry (1979). Handbook of Australian languages. Canberra: Australian National
Woiwurrung–Taungurung language
Woiwurrung–Taungurung_language
Nearly extinct dialect cluster of Western Australia
Warriyangga is one of 20 languages prioritised as part of the Priority Languages Support Project, being undertaken by First Languages Australia and funded
Mantharta_language
Pama–Nyungan language group of Australia
(Ngayarta /ŋajaʈa/) languages are a group of closely related languages in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The languages classified as members
Ngayarda_languages
Family of Pama–Nyungan indigenous Australian languages
Peramangk. Bowern, Claire. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?", Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web, 23 December 2011 (corrected
Lower_Murray_languages
Australian Aboriginal language
variants, are two closely related Australian Aboriginal languages. They are traditional languages of the Adnyamathanha of and the Kuyani peoples, of the
Adnyamathanha_language
Family of Australian Aboriginal languages
The Yuin–Kuric languages are a group of mainly extinct Australian Aboriginal languages traditionally spoken in the south east of Australia. They belong
Yuin–Kuric_languages
Australian Aboriginal language
Forsayth and west to near Croydon. Y125 Takalak at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Tagalaka_language
Australian Aboriginal language
Explorer". Retrieved 12 January 2023. N57 Jawoyn at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Jawoyn_language
Pama–Nyungan language branch of Australia
W. 2002. Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Cambridge University Press Bowern, Claire. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia
Kulinic_languages
Australian Aboriginal language
xxxii Bowern, Claire. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?", Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web, 23 December 2011 (corrected
Gugu_Thaypan_language
Australian Aboriginal language
Wik-Me'nh is a Paman language of the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia. Y53 Wik Me'anh at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian
Wik-Me'nh_language
Western Desert dialect of Central Australia
Aboriginal languages (as well as in some other languages, such as Fijian and Māori) are borrowed from "motorcar". Like in many Indigenous languages, code-switching
Pitjantjatjara_dialect
Australian Aboriginal languages of New South Wales
Gadjang, Worimi, and Birrpayi to be separate languages.[citation needed] "Awaba electronic database: Language". Archived from the original on 5 September
Worimi_languages
Extinct Pama–Nyungan language of Australia
Kite & Wurm 2004, p. 16. E28 Wakka Wakka at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Wakka_Wakka_language
Extinct Australian Aboriginal language
sun Wanthi punga: good day Y60 Ayabadhu at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Ayabadhu_language
Australian Aboriginal language
Bininj Kunwok is typical of the languages of central Arnhem Land (and contrasts with most other Australian languages) in having a phonemic glottal stop
Bininj_Kunwok
Australian Aboriginal language
Australian languages. Vol. 3. pp. 306–428. Hale, Kenneth L. (1976). "Phonological developments in a Northern Paman language: Uradhi". Languages of Cape York
Uradhi_language
Extinct Pama–Nyungan language of New South Wales and the ACT, Australia
Ngunnawal/Ngunawal and Gundungurra are Australian Aboriginal languages, and the traditional languages of the Ngunnawal and Gandangara. Ngunnawal and Gundungurra
Ngunnawal–Gundungurra language
Ngunnawal–Gundungurra_language
Endangered Pama–Nyungan language of Australia
in word-medial positions. A3 Ngadjunmaya at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Ngadjunmaya_language
Traditional language of the Wiradjuri people of Australia
book is also available. A Grammar of Wiradjuri language was published in 2014. In most Pama-Nyungan languages, sounds represented by 'k' or 'g' are interchangeable
Wiradjuri_language
Endangered Australian Aboriginal language
"Aboriginal languages of Victoria". Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales. 36: 71–106. Clark, Ian (1990). Aboriginal Languages and Clans:
Wergaia_dialect
Australian Aboriginal language
Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Dixon, R. M. W. (2002). Australian Languages: Their Nature
Warray_language
Extinct indigenous language of Australia
2002; Gaagudju has traditionally been classified with the Gunwinyguan languages. However, in 1997 Nicholas Evans proposed an Arnhem Land family that includes
Gaagudju_language
Extinct Pama–Nyungan language of Australia
Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies RMW Dixon (2002), Australian Languages: Their Nature
Mpalitjanh_dialect
Group of Australian Aboriginal languages
Kalkatungu, Yalarnnga. The two languages are not close; Dixon treats them as separate families. A Wakabunga language is often included based on a word
Kalkatungic_languages
Australian Aboriginal language of north-central Arnhem land
Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies N74 Ndjebanna at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database
Ndjébbana_language
Constructed Tasmanian language
the languages, Fanny Cochrane Smith, died in 1905. In 1972, Robert M. W. Dixon and Terry Crowley investigated reconstructing the Tasmanian languages from
Palawa_kani
Aboriginal Australian language
), Languages of Cape York, 213-235. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies. Thompson, D. 1988. Lockhart River 'Sand Beach' Language: An
Umpila_language
Aboriginal group of Western Australia
people of south-west of Western Australia. Koreng belonged to the Nyungic language family, and, specifically, the Koreng appear to have spoken the Wilmun
Koreng
Australian Aboriginal language
Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Cambridge University Press. p. xxxiii. Y134 Warrgamay at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database
Warrgamay_language
Australian Aboriginal language
to express emotion: Languages have various ways of forming words for new concepts. The most common is borrowing from other languages, which is employed
Ngaanyatjarra_dialect
Paman language of Queensland, Australia
Wik languages. In 1981 there were 86 speakers. Wik-Ngatharr at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Y51 Wik-Ngatharr at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database
Wik-Ngatharr_dialect
Extinct Australian Aboriginal language
vowel within consonant positions. G28 Kukatj at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Kukatj_language
Group of Australian Aboriginal languages
The Central New South Wales languages (Central NSW) are a largely geographic grouping of Australian Aboriginal languages within the traditional Pama–Nyungan
Central New South Wales languages
Central_New_South_Wales_languages
Extinct Australian Aboriginal language
The group of languages is also referred to as Gunditjmara and Warrnambool. Efforts to revive the language(s) are ongoing. The language in its several
Dhauwurd_Wurrung_language
Australian Aboriginal language
Rembarrnga (Rembarunga) is an Australian Aboriginal language. It is one of the Northern Non-Pama–Nyungan languages, spoken in the Roper River region of the Northern
Rembarrnga_language
Group of aboriginal Australian languages
The Waka–Kabic (Waka-Gabi) languages form a nearly extinct family of Pama–Nyungan languages of Australia. Waka–Kabic Than Taribelang Gubbi Gubbi (Kabikabi)
Waka–Kabic_languages
Branch of the Pama–Nyungan language family
items for the Marrngu languages: Bowern, Claire. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?", Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web, December
Marrngu_languages
Pama–Nyungan language of Australia
dedicated languages team teaches the Dhurga language. Bermagui Public School, a primary school in Bermagui, has taught local Aboriginal languages including
Dhurga_language
Extinct Aboriginal language of Victoria, Australia
Butterfly: Balam-balam Fly: Garragarrak Dixon, R. M. W. (2002). Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bunurong_language
Australian Aboriginal language
Retrieved 29 October 2017. N78 Mangarrayi at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Mangarrayi_language
Critically endangered Pama–Nyungan language of New South Wales, Australia
Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies D22 Ngiyambaa at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database
Ngiyampaa_language
Extinct Australian Aboriginal language
for additional links) "Centre for Australian Languages and Linguistics". Centre for Australian Languages and Linguistics. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
Kungarakany_language
Australian Aboriginal language
(2002), Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development, p xxxvii L13 Arabana (cover term) at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian
Arabana_language
Australian Aboriginal language
Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Bowern, Claire. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken
Ngarrindjeri_language
Australian Aboriginal language
links) Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (Report) (3rd ed.). UNESCO. 2010. p. 57. RMW Dixon (2002), Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development
Gurdjar_language
Branch of the Pama–Nyungan family
The Kanyara and Mantharta languages form a western branch of the Pama–Nyungan family. Bowern, Claire. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia
Kanyara–Mantharta_languages
Australian Aboriginal language
foot, and cabul meaning leg. D7 Yitha Yitha at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Yitha_Yitha_language
Extinct Australian Aboriginal language
date of individual dialects Y20 Anguthimri at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Anguthimri_language
Extinct language of Western Australia
Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Bowern & Koch (2004) Australian Languages: Classification
Yinhawangka_language
Australian Aboriginal language
Aboriginal Language & Culture Co-operative. ISBN 978-0-9775351-7-0. Retrieved 11 August 2023. E67 Gathang language at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database
Gathang_language
NYUNGIC LANGUAGES
NYUNGIC LANGUAGES
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc.
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc. : from the Latin personal name Lucas (Greek Loukas) ‘man from Lucania’. Lucania is a region of southern Italy thought to have been named in ancient times with a word meaning ‘bright’ or ‘shining’. Compare Lucio. The Christian name owed its enormous popularity throughout Europe in the Middle Ages to St. Luke the Evangelist, hence the development of this surname and many vernacular derivatives in most of the languages of Europe. Compare Luke. This is also found as an Americanized form of Greek Loukas.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Lùcais (see McLucas).As a French name Lucas has been recorded in Canada since 1653, taken to Trois Rivières, Quebec, by one Lucas-Lépine from Normandy.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a personal name that was popular throughout Christendom in the Middle Ages. The Greek original, Grēgorios, is a derivative of grēgorein ‘to be awake’, ‘to be watchful’. However, the Latin form, Gregorius, came to be associated by folk etymology with grex, gregis, ‘flock’, ‘herd’, under the influence of the Christian image of the good shepherd. The Greek name was borne in the early Christian centuries by two fathers of the Orthodox Church, St. Gregory Nazianzene (c. 325–390) and St. Gregory of Nyssa (c. 331–395), and later by sixteen popes, starting with Gregory the Great (c. 540–604). It was also the name of 3rd- and 4th-century apostles of Armenia. In North America the English form of the name has absorbed many cognates from other European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the female personal name Elizabeth. Compare Hibbs 2.English : nickname for someone with very fair hair or skin, from Middle English, Old English lilie ‘lily’ (Latin lilium). The Italian equivalent Giglio was used as a personal name in the Middle Ages. In English and other languages there has also been some confusion with forms of Giles.English : habitational name from places called Lilley, in Hertfordshire and Berkshire. The Hertfordshire place was named in Old English as ‘flax-glade’, from līn ‘flax’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’. The Berkshire name is from Old English Lillinglēah ‘wood associated with Lilla’, an Old English personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Matthew. In North America, this form has assimilated numerous vernacular derivatives in other languages of Latin Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus.Irish (Ulster and County Louth) : used as an Americanized form of McMahon.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Jacob. As an American surname this name has absorbed cognates from other languages, for example Danish, Norwegian, and Dutch Jacobsen and Swedish Jacobsson.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English : habitational name from Ludwick Hall in Bishops Hatfield, Hertfordshire, probably named from the Old English personal name Luda + Old English wÄ«c ‘outlying (dairy) farm’.
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English and French (Léonard)
English and French (Léonard) : from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements leo ‘lion’ (a late addition to the vocabulary of Germanic name elements, taken from Latin) + hard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’, which was taken to England by the Normans. A saint of this name, who is supposed to have lived in the 6th century, but about whom nothing is known except for a largely fictional life dating from half a millennium later, was popular throughout Europe in the early Middle Ages and was regarded as the patron of peasants and horses.Irish (Fermanagh) : adopted as an English equivalent of Gaelic Mac Giolla Fhionáin or of Langan.Americanized form of Italian Leonardo or cognate forms in other European languages.The French Léonard family were at Château Richer, Quebec, by 1698, having come from Maine, France.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English, French, and German
English, French, and German : from the vernacular form of the Hebrew personal name Yehuda ‘Judah’ (of unknown meaning). In the Bible, this is the name of Jacob’s eldest son. It was not a popular name among Christians in medieval Europe, because of the associations it had with Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed Christ for thirty pieces of silver. Among Jews, however, the Hebrew name and its reflexes in various Jewish languages (such as Yiddish Yude) have been popular for generations, and have given rise to many Jewish surnames.French : name for a Jew, Old French jude (Latin Iudaeus, Greek Ioudaios, from Hebrew Yehudi ‘member of the tribe of Judah’).English : from a pet form of Jordan.
Surname or Lastname
English and Welsh
English and Welsh : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jon(e) (see John). The surname is especially common in Wales and southern central England. In North America this name has absorbed various cognate and like-sounding surnames from other languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988).
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. An even wider range of meanings is found in some other languages: compare for example Polish Marszałek (see Marszalek). The surname is also borne by Jews, presumably as an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.As the fourth chief justice of the U.S., John Marshall (1755–1835) was the principal architect in consolidating and defining the powers of the Supreme Court. He was a descendant of John Marshall of Ireland, who settled in Culpeper Co., VA, sometime before 1655.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the male personal name Manasseh, Hebrew Menashe ‘one who causes to forget’ (see Manasse), borne in the Middle Ages by Christians as well as by Jews. Hebrew Menashe and its reflexes in other Jewish languages have always been popular among Jews.English : occupational name for someone who made handles for agricultural and domestic implements, from an agent derivative of Anglo-Norman French mance ‘handle’ (Old French manche, Late Latin manicus, a derivative of manus ‘hand’).
Surname or Lastname
Scottish (of Norman origin)
Scottish (of Norman origin) : habitational name from any of various places in northern France named with Old Norse hagi ‘enclosure’, a word with cognates in most Germanic languages. Compare Hay.English : variant spelling of Haigh.Irish (County Cavan) : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Thaidhg (see McCaig).
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : patronymic from Jack 1. As an American surname this has absorbed other patronymics beginning with J- in various European languages.This extremely common British name was brought over by numerous different bearers in the 17th and 18th centuries. One forebear was the father and namesake of the seventh U.S. president, Andrew Jackson, who migrated to SC from Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland in 1765. The Confederate General Thomas ‘Stonewall’ Jackson came from VA, where his great-grandfather John, likewise of Scotch–Irish stock, had settled after emigrating to America in 1748.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German : from a short form of the personal name Matthias (see Matthew) or any of its many cognates, for example Norman French Maheu.English, French, Dutch, and German : from a nickname or personal name taken from the month of May (Middle English, Old French mai, Middle High German meie, from Latin Maius (mensis), from Maia, a minor Roman goddess of fertility). This name was sometimes bestowed on someone born or baptized in the month of May; it was also used to refer to someone of a sunny disposition, or who had some anecdotal connection with the month of May, such as owing a feudal obligation then.English : nickname from Middle English may ‘young man or woman’.Irish (Connacht and Midlands) : when not of English origin (see 1–3 above), this is an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Miadhaigh ‘descendant of Miadhach’, a personal name or byname meaning ‘honorable’, ‘proud’.French : habitational name from any of various places called May or Le May.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name from Mayen, a place in western Germany.Americanized spelling of cognates of 1 in various European languages, for example Swedish Ma(i)j.Chinese : possibly a variant of Mei 1, although this spelling occurs more often for the given name than for the surname.Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, is named after the Dutch explorer Cornelius Jacobsen May.
Surname or Lastname
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás)
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás) : from a medieval personal name, which comes from the Hebrew male personal name Yona, meaning ‘dove’. In the book of the Bible which bears his name, Jonah was appointed by God to preach repentance to the city of Nineveh, but tried to flee instead to Tarshish. On the voyage to Tarshish, a great storm blew up, and Jonah was thrown overboard by his shipmates to appease God’s wrath, swallowed by a great fish, and delivered by it on the shores of Nineveh. This story exercised a powerful hold on the popular imagination in medieval Europe, and the personal name was a relatively common choice. The Hebrew name and its reflexes in other languages (for example Yiddish Yoyne) have been popular Jewish personal names for generations. There are also saints, martyrs, and bishops called Jonas venerated in the Orthodox Church. Ionas is found as a Greek family name.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : respelling of Yonis, with Yiddish possessive -s.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from a Germanic personal name composed of
the elements haim, heim ‘home’ + rīc ‘power’,
‘ruler’, introduced to England by the Normans in the form
Henri. During the Middle Ages this name became enormously
popular in England and was borne by eight kings. Continental forms of
the personal name were equally popular throughout Europe (German
Heinrich, French Henri, Italian Enrico and
Arrigo, Czech Jindřich, etc.). As an American family
name, the English form Henry has absorbed patronymics and many
other derivatives of this ancient name in continental European
languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.) In the period in
which the majority of English surnames were formed, a common English
vernacular form of the name was Harry, hence the surnames
Harris (southern) and Harrison (northern). Official
documents of the period normally used the Latinized form
Henricus. In medieval times, English Henry absorbed an
originally distinct Old English personal name that had hagan
‘hawthorn’. Compare Hain 2 as its first element, and there has
also been confusion with Amery.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó hInnéirghe ‘descendant of
Innéirghe’, a byname based on éirghe
‘arising’.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac ÉinrÃ
or Mac Einri, patronymics from the personal names
ÉinrÃ, Einri, Irish forms of Henry. It is
also found as a variant of McEnery.Jewish (American) : Americanized form of various like-sounding Ashkenazic Jewish names.A bearer of the name from the Touraine region of France is
documented in Quebec city in 1667. Another (also called
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : patronymic from the personal name John. As an American family name, Johnson has absorbed patronymics and many other derivatives of this name in continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)Johnson is the second most frequent surname in the U.S. It was brought independently to North America by many different bearers from the 17th and 18th centuries onward.
NYUNGIC LANGUAGES
NYUNGIC LANGUAGES
Female
Welsh
Welsh name probably derived from the Old Celtic title Rigantona, RHIANNON means "great queen." In mythology, this is the name of a horse goddess equated with Celtic Epona. She was the daughter of Hefeydd and mother of Pryderi.Â
Boy/Male
Indian, Sikh
Nature Love
Girl/Female
Muslim
Benevolence
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit, Traditional
A String of Beads; Splendour of Jewel
Girl/Female
African, Arabic, Australian, Christian, Danish, French, Indian, Latin, Muslim, Parsi, Pashtun, Punjabi, Sikh, Swedish, Turkish
Lady; Woman; Full of Life; Lady of the House; Alive; Foregin Woman
Female
Yiddish
Variant spelling of Yiddish Zelda, ZELDE means "happiness, joy."
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Telugu
Pure; Holly
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Companion
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Hard Working
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Queen
NYUNGIC LANGUAGES
NYUNGIC LANGUAGES
NYUNGIC LANGUAGES
NYUNGIC LANGUAGES
NYUNGIC LANGUAGES
v. t.
To apply the mind to; to read and examine for the purpose of learning and understanding; as, to study law or theology; to study languages.
a.
Of or pertaining to any of the Teutonic languages, or the peoples who speak these languages.
n.
The Tamil language, the most important of the Dravidian languages. See Dravidian, a.
n.
One of the three surd mutes /, /, /; -- so called in relation to their respective middle letters, or medials, /, /, /, and their aspirates, /, /, /. The term is also applied to the corresponding letters and articulate elements in other languages.
n.
Of or pertaining to any or all of the various languages which, during the Middle Ages, sprung out of the old Roman, or popular form of Latin, as the Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Provencal, etc.
n.
Same as Tsetse. U () the twenty-first letter of the English alphabet, is a cursive form of the letter V, with which it was formerly used interchangeably, both letters being then used both as vowels and consonants. U and V are now, however, differentiated, U being used only as a vowel or semivowel, and V only as a consonant. The true primary vowel sound of U, in Anglo-Saxon, was the sound which it still retains in most of the languages of Europe, that of long oo, as in tool, and short oo, as in wood, answering to the French ou in tour. Etymologically U is most closely related to o, y (vowel), w, and v; as in two, duet, dyad, twice; top, tuft; sop, sup; auspice, aviary. See V, also O and Y.
superl.
Applied to forms in Anglo-Saxon, etc., which retain the old declensional endings. In the Teutonic languages the vowel stems have held the original endings most firmly, and are called strong; the stems in -n are called weak other constant stems conform, or are irregular.
n.
A salt of fungic acid.
n.
The group of allied languages spoken by the Slavs.
n.
The language of the ancient Germans; the Teutonic languages, collectively.
n.
The ancient language of the Hindoos, long since obsolete in vernacular use, but preserved to the present day as the literary and sacred dialect of India. It is nearly allied to the Persian, and to the principal languages of Europe, classical and modern, and by its more perfect preservation of the roots and forms of the primitive language from which they are all descended, is a most important assistance in determining their history and relations. Cf. Prakrit, and Veda.
a.
Containing, or consisting of, three languages; expressed in three languages.
a.
Of or pertaining to the Urals and the Altai; as the Ural-Altaic, or Turanian, languages.
n.
The languages, or rather the several dialects, which were originally forms of popular or vulgar Latin, and have now developed into Italian. Spanish, French, etc. (called the Romanic languages).
a.
Pertaining to, or obtained from, mushrooms; as, fungic acid.
n.
A table of syllables; more especially, a table of the indivisible syllabic symbols used in certain languages, as the Japanese and Cherokee, instead of letters.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or designating, an extensive family of languages of simple structure and low grade (called also Altaic, Ural-Altaic, and Scythian), spoken in the northern parts of Europe and Asia and Central Asia; of pertaining to, or designating, the people who speak these languages.
sing.
A Bible consisting of four different Greek versions arranged in four columns by Origen; hence, any version in four languages or four columns.
n.
A sound, of consonantal character, made with a rapid succession of partial or entire intermissions, by the vibration of some one part of the organs in the mouth -- tongue, uvula, epiglottis, or lip -- against another part; as, the r is a trill in most languages.
n.
A change of the natural order of words in a sentence; as, the Latin and Greek languages admit transposition, without inconvenience, to a much greater extent than the English.