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Cell organelle in a few species
A mitosome (also called a crypton in early literature) is a mitochondrion-related organelle (MRO) found in a variety of parasitic unicellular eukaryotes
Mitosome
Parasitic microorganism that causes giardiasis
Golgi apparatus and mitochondria but has mitosomes, which probably evolved from mitochondria. The mitosome is a double-membraned organelle, that lacks
Giardia_duodenalis
Domain of life whose cells have nuclei
all contain mitochondrion-derived organelles, like hydrogenosomes or mitosomes, having lost their mitochondria secondarily. They obtain energy by enzymatic
Eukaryote
Organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for respiration
transformed their mitochondria into other structures, e.g. hydrogenosomes and mitosomes. The oxymonads Monocercomonoides, Streblomastix, and Blattamonas completely
Mitochondrion
Mitochondrion-derived organelle
is a clear-cut distinction between mitochondria, hydrogenosomes, and mitosomes (another kind of degenerate mitochondria, one that has lost all ATP production
Hydrogenosome
Genus of flagellate intestinal eukaryotes parasitic in various vertebrates
endomembrane-vesicle system as well as reduced mitochondria, called mitosomes. These mitosomes are involved in the maturation of iron-sulfur proteins and do
Giardia
Topics referred to by the same term
treatment CRYPTON, a block cipher in cryptography Crypton, deprecated name for mitosome, an organelle in biology Crypton transposon, a family of DNA transposons
Krypton_(disambiguation)
Specialized subunit within a cell
animals melanosome pigment storage single-membrane compartment animals mitosome probably plays a role in iron–sulfur cluster (Fe–S) assembly double-membrane
Organelle
Biological process
sequences in DNA Tandem repeat Interspersed repeat Endosymbiosis Mitochondrion Mitosome Hydrogenosome Plastid Chloroplast Chromoplast Gerontoplast Leucoplast Apicoplast
DNA_replication
Process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA
sequences in DNA Tandem repeat Interspersed repeat Endosymbiosis Mitochondrion Mitosome Hydrogenosome Plastid Chloroplast Chromoplast Gerontoplast Leucoplast Apicoplast
Transcription_(biology)
Clade of excavate protists
hydrogenosomes, which produce hydrogen (and make ATP), and small structures called mitosomes. It now appears the Metamonada are, together with Malawimonas, sister
Metamonad
Obsolete grouping of single-celled organisms
mitochondrial organelle in greatly modified form (e.g. a hydrogenosome or mitosome). Among those with mitochondria, the mitochondrial cristae may be tubular
Excavata
Resting or dormant stage of a microorganism
Flagellum Cilium Pseudopodia Gliding motility Mitochondria Hydrogenosome Mitosome Nucleus Nucleomorph Multinucleate cells Plasmodium Dikaryon Heterokaryon
Microbial_cyst
Clade of protists
genome sizes. Exceptions are Cryptosporidium which are left with only a mitosome, the circular mitochondrial genomes of Acavomonas and Babesia microti,
Alveolate
Biological process
sequences in DNA Tandem repeat Interspersed repeat Endosymbiosis Mitochondrion Mitosome Hydrogenosome Plastid Chloroplast Chromoplast Gerontoplast Leucoplast Apicoplast
Cell_division
Type of behavior of a dynamical system
sequences in DNA Tandem repeat Interspersed repeat Endosymbiosis Mitochondrion Mitosome Hydrogenosome Plastid Chloroplast Chromoplast Gerontoplast Leucoplast Apicoplast
Self-replication
Genus of internal parasites
PMID 8508172. S2CID 46363085. Tovar J, Fischer A, Clark CG (1999). "The mitosome, a novel organelle related to mitochondria in the amitochondrial parasite
Entamoeba
Eukaryotes other than animals, plants or fungi
the fermentation of pyruvate, releasing hydrogen gas as a byproduct. Mitosomes have lost both the respiratory chain and the production of ATP. One group
Protist
DNA that does not code for proteins
sequences in DNA Tandem repeat Interspersed repeat Endosymbiosis Mitochondrion Mitosome Hydrogenosome Plastid Chloroplast Chromoplast Gerontoplast Leucoplast Apicoplast
Non-coding_DNA
Species of protozoan
host(s). Mixotricha mitochondria degenerated into hydrogenosomes and mitosomes and lost the ability to produce energy aerobically by oxidative phosphorylation
Mixotricha
Evolutionary theory
respectively. While there are numerous examples of mitochondrial descendants (mitosomes and hydrogenosomes) that have lost their entire organellar genome, non-photosynthetic
Symbiogenesis
Cellular process of protein synthesis
sequences in DNA Tandem repeat Interspersed repeat Endosymbiosis Mitochondrion Mitosome Hydrogenosome Plastid Chloroplast Chromoplast Gerontoplast Leucoplast Apicoplast
Translation_(biology)
Shell-like protective outer covering of organisms
Flagellum Cilium Pseudopodia Gliding motility Mitochondria Hydrogenosome Mitosome Nucleus Nucleomorph Multinucleate cells Plasmodium Dikaryon Heterokaryon
Lorica_(biology)
Proteins with iron-sulfur clusters
as (Et4N)2Fe4S4(SCH2Ph)4]. Bioinorganic chemistry Iron-binding proteins Mitosome S. J. Lippard, J. M. Berg “Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry” University
Iron–sulfur_protein
Parasitic disease caused by a protozoan
that they have a nonfunctional, mitochondrial remnant organelle called a mitosome. Most are harmless except for Giardia, Hexamita salmonis, and Histomonas
Protozoan_infection
sequences in DNA Tandem repeat Interspersed repeat Endosymbiosis Mitochondrion Mitosome Hydrogenosome Plastid Chloroplast Chromoplast Gerontoplast Leucoplast Apicoplast
Helper_dependent_virus
Species of amoeba
Retrieved 2025-08-16. Tachezy, Jan, ed. (2019). "Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes: Mitochondria of Anaerobic Eukaryotes". Microbiology Monographs. 9. doi:10
Subulatomonas
Group of flagellated protozoa
(not even anaerobic mitochondrion-like organelles like hydrogenosomes or mitosomes) in oxymonads and three species have been shown to completely lack any
Oxymonad
Genus of protists
any other mitochondrion-related organelles such as hydrogenosomes or mitosomes. Data suggests that the absence of mitochondria is not an ancestral feature
Monocercomonoides
Species of single-celled organism
Organelle of Cryptosporidium parvum". In Tachezy J (ed.). Hydrogenosomes and mitosomes mitochondria of anaerobic eukaryotes. Microbiology Monographs, vol 9.
Cryptosporidium_parvum
Concept in genetics
lineages, it is possible for the entire genome to be lost. For example, some mitosomes and hydrogenosomes (degenerate versions of the mitochondria known in some
Minimal_genome
Respiration using electron acceptors other than oxygen
degrade organic carbon waste and generate electricity. Hydrogenosomes and mitosomes – mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs) Spinoloricus cinziae – an anaerobic
Anaerobic_respiration
Phylum of protists
Archamoebae either lack mitochondria or are described to have reduced mitosomes. They thrive and live in soil, freshwater, and marine habitats. The group
Archamoebae
origin of eukaryotes and the evolution of organelles such as mitochondria, mitosomes and hydrogenosomes, that are found in parasitic protists. In May 2021
Martin_Embley
Common ancestor evolutionary evidence
alongside various other examples: The presence of remnant mitochondria (mitosomes) that have lost the ability to synthesize ATP in Entamoeba histolytica
Evidence_of_common_descent
Group of protists
Organelles in Free-Living Protists". In Tachezy, Jan (ed.). Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes: Mitochondria of Anaerobic Eukaryotes. Microbiology Monographs. Vol. 9
Breviatea
Genus of flagellated amoebae
organelle believed to be a modified anaerobic mitochondrion, similar to the mitosomes and hydrogenosomes found in other eukaryotes that live in low-oxygen environments
Breviata
Group of mostly parasitic flagellates
to possess modified mitochondria, in the case of G. duodenalis, called mitosomes. These are not used in ATP synthesis the way mitochondria are, but are
Diplomonad
Proposed biological kingdom
mitochondria had degraded into simpler double-membrane bound organelles known as mitosomes and hydrogenosomes. Some of both types of organelles are known to have
Archezoa
Group of single-celled organisms
of the Intracellular Parasite Mikrocytos mackini Reveals Evidence for a Mitosome in Rhizaria". Current Biology. 23 (16): 1541–1547. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013
Cercozoa
Amount of DNA contained in a genome
parasite of animals evolved from aerobic fungi. During this process the mitosomes was formed consequent to the reduction of the mitochondria to a relic
Genome_size
Concept in microbiology
main types of organelles: H2-producing mitochondria, hydrogenosomes, or mitosomes. Key aspects in which MROs may differ from mitochondria found in humans
Mitochondrion-related organelle
Mitochondrion-related_organelle
Sequence in a genome
sequences in DNA Tandem repeat Interspersed repeat Endosymbiosis Mitochondrion Mitosome Hydrogenosome Plastid Chloroplast Chromoplast Gerontoplast Leucoplast Apicoplast
Origin_of_replication
Branch of virology
sequences in DNA Tandem repeat Interspersed repeat Endosymbiosis Mitochondrion Mitosome Hydrogenosome Plastid Chloroplast Chromoplast Gerontoplast Leucoplast Apicoplast
Synthetic_virology
Parasite of humans, pigs and gorillas
Retrieved December 10, 2016. Tachezy, Jan (2010). Hydrogenosomes and mitosomes: mitochondria of anaerobic eukaryotes. Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-09542-9
Dientamoeba
1995 book by John Maynard Smith and Eörs Szathmáry
or the animal and plant lineages with degenerated organelles such as mitosomes). Furthermore, simplifications can also enable other macroevolutionary
The Major Transitions in Evolution
The_Major_Transitions_in_Evolution
DNA region replicating from a single origin
sequences in DNA Tandem repeat Interspersed repeat Endosymbiosis Mitochondrion Mitosome Hydrogenosome Plastid Chloroplast Chromoplast Gerontoplast Leucoplast Apicoplast
Replicon_(genetics)
List of terms related to protist research
organelles, namely hydrogenosomes (e.g., the trichomonad Trichomonas) and mitosomes (e.g., the diplomonad Giardia), while others have lost these organelles
Glossary_of_protistology
Phylum of fungi
incertae sedis members. Microsporidia lack mitochondria, instead possessing mitosomes. They also lack motile structures, such as flagella. Microsporidia produce
Microsporidia
Canadian-Australian molecular biologist
addresses the evolutionary origin of mitochondria, hydrogenosomes, and mitosomes, the role of lateral (horizontal) gene transfer in eukaryotic genome evolution
Andrew_J._Roger
Genus of excavates
remnants of an ancestral mitochondrion, in the form of a hydrogenosome- or mitosome-like organelle. There is no evidence this organelle produces ATP. The organelle
Trimastix
Genus of flagellar amoeboids
transfer event. Other species have reduced mitochondrial organelles called mitosomes. These have reduced so far that their only function is the biosynthesis
Mastigamoeba
Classification of eukaryotes
Čepička, Ivan (2022-05-19). "Evidence for an Independent Hydrogenosome-to-Mitosome Transition in the CL3 Lineage of Fornicates". Frontiers in Microbiology
Protist_classification
Species of fish parasite
salmonicida contained similar protein import and Fe-S machinery as in Giardia mitosomes and the MROS contained enzyme characteristics similar to hydrogenosomes
Spironucleus_salmonicida
life under anoxia, or low oxygen. He discovered mitochondrial remnants (mitosomes) in the human intestinal parasite Giardia intestinalis, an organism until
Mark_van_der_Giezen
Genus of single-celled organisms
Business Media. ISBN 9781461518693. Tachezy, Jan (2008). Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes: Mitochondria of Anaerobic Eukaryotes. Springer Science & Business Media
Metopus
Family of saltwater protists
Organelles in Free-Living Protists". In Tachezy J (ed.). Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes: Mitochondria of Anaerobic Eukaryotes. Microbiology Monographs. Vol. 9
Stygiellidae
MITOSOME
MITOSOME
MITOSOME
MITOSOME
Boy/Male
Indian
More clear
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Celtic, English, French
From Britain; Brit; A Native of Brittany
Male
Polish
Polish form of Russian Koldan, KOÅEK means "sting."
Boy/Male
French
Manly.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl born during the month of pausa. as shuwali in bangla means girl. hence the name Paushuwali
Girl/Female
Hindu
Woman
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Ingoldsby in Lincolnshire, named from the Old Norse personal name Ingjaldr + bý ‘farmstead’, ‘settlement’ .
Boy/Male
Danish Scandinavian Norse
Glacier.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Ambition
Girl/Female
Australian, French, Greek
Shining; Bright; Similar to Helen
MITOSOME
MITOSOME
MITOSOME
MITOSOME
MITOSOME