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Study of fundamental reality
Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that examines the basic or most fundamental structure of reality. It is traditionally seen as the study of mind-independent
Metaphysics
One of the principal works of Aristotle
Metaphysics (Greek: των μετὰ τὰ φυσικά, "those after the physics"; Latin: Metaphysica) is one of the principal works of Aristotle, in which he develops
Metaphysics_(Aristotle)
Philosophical study of being
study of being. It is traditionally understood as the subdiscipline of metaphysics focused on the most general features of reality. As one of the most fundamental
Ontology
Study of general and fundamental questions
self-cultivation. Major branches of philosophy are epistemology, ethics, logic, and metaphysics. Epistemology studies what knowledge is and how to acquire it. Ethics
Philosophy
Characteristic or qualities that particular things have in common
In metaphysics, a universal is what particular things have in common, namely characteristics or qualities. In other words, universals are repeatable or
Universal_(metaphysics)
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up metaphysics in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy concerned with the fundamental nature of being and the world
Metaphysics_(disambiguation)
Philosophical tract by Immanuel Kant
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785; German: Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten; also known as the Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals, Grounding
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
Groundwork_of_the_Metaphysics_of_Morals
Metaphysical dependence relation between facts or entities
Metaphysical grounding is a relation of metaphysical dependence that aims to capture how certain facts or entities obtain “in virtue of” others. It is
Metaphysical_grounding
Topics referred to by the same term
Introduction to Metaphysics may refer to: Introduction to Metaphysics "Introduction to Metaphysics" (essay), a 1903 essay by Henri Bergson Introduction
Introduction_to_Metaphysics
Unaccredited academic degree
Doctor of Metaphysics, also called a Metaphysical Science Doctorate, is a purported academic degree. While mainstream universities teach metaphysics as a branch
Doctor_of_Metaphysics
1797 work on morals and politics by Immanuel Kant
The Metaphysics of Morals (German: Die Metaphysik der Sitten) is a 1797 work of political and moral philosophy by Immanuel Kant. It is also Kant's last
Metaphysics_of_Morals
Study of the development of metaphysics
The history of metaphysics examines how theories about the most general features of reality ("metaphysics") have developed throughout history. Cognitive
History_of_metaphysics
Term used to describe a loose group of British lyric poets of the 17th century
The term Metaphysical poets was coined by the critic Samuel Johnson to describe a loose group of 17th-century English poets whose work was characterised
Metaphysical_poets
Property of stretching out or taking up space
In metaphysics, extension signifies both 'stretching out' (Latin: extensio) as well as later 'taking up space', and most recently, spreading one's internal
Extension_(metaphysics)
Branch of philosophy
Modal metaphysics is a branch of philosophy that investigates the metaphysics underlying statements about what is possible or necessary. These include
Modal_metaphysics
"Peter Abelard", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2023 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2026-06-07 Chalmers, D.
Philosophy_of_language
20th-century tradition of Western philosophy
others, led a decline of logical positivism and a subsequent revival in metaphysics. Analytic philosophy has also developed several new branches of philosophy
Analytic_philosophy
Conversational philosophical club in Cambridge, Massachusetts, US
The Metaphysical Club was a name attributed by the philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce, in an unpublished paper over thirty years after its foundation,
The_Metaphysical_Club
Philosophical concept
In philosophy, metaphysical necessity, sometimes called broad logical necessity, is one of many different kinds of necessity, which sits between logical
Metaphysical_necessity
1903 essay about the concept of reality by Henri Bergson
"Introduction to Metaphysics" (French: "Introduction à la Métaphysique") is a 1903 essay about the concept of reality by Henri Bergson. For Bergson, reality
Introduction to Metaphysics (essay)
Introduction_to_Metaphysics_(essay)
German philosopher (1724–1804)
Enlightenment. His comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, political theory, and the philosophy of religion
Immanuel_Kant
Absence of belief in the existence of deities; the opposite of theism
strongly questioned the very possibility of metaphysical knowledge. Both philosophers undermined the metaphysical basis of natural theology and criticized
Atheism
Theory of reality
The Metaphysics of Quality (MOQ) is a theory of reality introduced in Robert M. Pirsig's philosophical novel Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance
Pirsig's Metaphysics of Quality
Pirsig's_Metaphysics_of_Quality
Rejection of certain ideas about reality
branches of philosophy, including ethics, value theory, epistemology, and metaphysics. Nihilism is also described as a broad cultural phenomenon or historical
Nihilism
Scientific study of the origin, evolution, and eventual fate of the universe
used the term cosmology in Latin (cosmologia) to denote a branch of metaphysics that deals with the general nature of the physical world. Cosmology is
Cosmology
Philosophical position
philosophy, also known as philosophical idealism or metaphysical idealism, is the set of metaphysical perspectives asserting that, most fundamentally, reality
Idealism
Philosophical study of knowledge
philosophy, epistemology stands alongside fields like ethics, logic, and metaphysics. The term can also refer to specific positions of philosophers within
Epistemology
1686 treatise by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
The Discourse on Metaphysics (French: Discours de métaphysique, 1686) is a short treatise by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in which he develops a philosophy
Discourse_on_Metaphysics
Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath (384–322 BC)
Aristotle 1999, p. 111. Metaphysics, pp. VIII 1043a 10–30. Lloyd 1968, pp. 43–47. Metaphysics, p. IX 1050a 5–10. Metaphysics, p. VIII 1045a–b. Wildberg
Aristotle
1908 book by Muhammad Iqbal
The Development of Metaphysics in Persia is the book form of Muhammad Iqbal's PhD thesis in philosophy at LMU Munich submitted in 1908 and published in
The Development of Metaphysics in Persia
The_Development_of_Metaphysics_in_Persia
Metaphysical question
Wittgenstein, and Martin Heidegger, who called it "the fundamental question of metaphysics". No experiment could support the hypothesis "There is nothing" because
Why_is_there_anything_at_all?
Overview of and topical guide to metaphysics
following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to metaphysics: Metaphysics – traditional branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the
Outline_of_metaphysics
Italian art style
Metaphysical painting (Italian: pittura metafisica) or metaphysical art was a style of painting developed by the Italian artists Giorgio de Chirico and
Metaphysical_painting
Term in metaphysics
Metaphysical libertarianism is the philosophical view that free will exists, that it is incompatible with determinism, and therefore that determinism is
Libertarianism_(metaphysics)
American author and engineer (1907–1988)
Heinlein has the main character, Maureen, state that the purpose of metaphysics is to ask questions: "Why are we here?" "Where are we going after we
Robert_A._Heinlein
Area of philosophical inquiry
Feminist metaphysics aims to question how inquiries and answers in the field of metaphysics have supported sexism. Feminist metaphysics overlaps with fields
Feminist_metaphysics
Philosophical system
Thomas Carlyle, who contrasted dynamism with mechanism. Dynamism is the metaphysics of Gottfried Leibniz (1646–1716) that reconciles hylomorphic substance
Dynamism_(metaphysics)
Doctrine prioritizing will over intellect
Voluntarism is "any metaphysical or psychological system that assigns to the will (Latin: voluntas) a more predominant role than that attributed to the
Voluntarism_(philosophy)
Awareness of facts, or competency
Based on the observation that metaphysics aims to characterize the things in themselves, he concludes that no metaphysical knowledge is possible, like knowing
Knowledge
Doctrine of multiplicity in contrast with monism
is two). The term has different meanings in metaphysics, ontology, epistemology and logic. In metaphysics, it is the view that there are in fact many
Pluralism_(philosophy)
Philosophical concept
Metaphysics of presence (German: Metaphysik der Anwesenheit) is a view held by Martin Heidegger in Being and Time that holds the entire history of Western
Metaphysics_of_presence
Philosophy carried out by Christians
the first Christian teacher to fully present Christian philosophy and metaphysics as a robust alternative to other schools (especially Platonism). Origen
Christian_philosophy
The stemma codicum of Aristotle's Metaphysics is a visual representation with the shape of a family tree, which is the standard one in stemmatics. It
Stemma codicum of Aristotle's Metaphysics
Stemma_codicum_of_Aristotle's_Metaphysics
Philosophical study of morality
(2021). "Deontological Ethics". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Archived from the original on June
Ethics
Master thesis of Albert Camus
"Christian Metaphysics and Neoplatonism" (1936) is the title of Albert Camus' thesis that would obtain for him permission to teach in the secondary schools
Christian Metaphysics and Neoplatonism
Christian_Metaphysics_and_Neoplatonism
Phenomena not subject to the laws of nature
extraordinary". Obsolete uses include "of, relating to, or dealing with metaphysics". As a noun, the term can mean "a supernatural being", with a particularly
Supernatural
Philosophical concept
beholder. This includes a number of positions within epistemology and metaphysics which express that a given thing instead exists independently of knowledge
Philosophical_realism
Part of Sufi Islamic philosophy
In Islamic philosophy, Sufi metaphysics is centered on the concept of وحدة, waḥdah, 'unity' or توحيد, tawhid. Two main Sufi philosophies prevail on this
Sufi_metaphysics
Philosophical system developed by Ayn Rand
capitalism, and that the role of art in human life is to transform humans' metaphysical ideas by selective reproduction of reality into a physical form—a work
Objectivism
1783 book by Immanuel Kant
Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics That Will Be Able to Present Itself as a Science (German: Prolegomena zu einer jeden künftigen Metaphysik, die als
Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics
Prolegomena_to_Any_Future_Metaphysics
Philosophical treatment of oxymorons
In metaphysics and ontology, nonexistent objects are a concept advanced by Austrian philosopher Alexius Meinong in the 19th and 20th centuries within
Nonexistent_objects
Bearer of truth values
769–771 Kment 2021, Lead section, § 1. Epistemic and Metaphysical Modality, § 2. Metaphysical and Nomic Modality Garson 2024, Lead section, § 1. What
Proposition
View that attributes oneness or singleness to a concept
Gnosticism and Manichaeism. Metaphysical pluralism, which asserts three or more fundamental substances or realities. Metaphysical nihilism, negates any of
Monism
Conscious event, perception or practical knowledge
experience is said to act as a neutral arbiter between competing theories. In metaphysics, experience is involved in the mind–body problem and the hard problem
Experience
Central concept in Kantian moral philosophy
philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Introduced in Kant's 1785 Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, it is a way of evaluating motivations for action. It is best
Categorical_imperative
Academic journal
The Review of Metaphysics is a peer-reviewed academic journal of philosophy. It was established by Paul Weiss and the first issue was published in September
The_Review_of_Metaphysics
American record label
Popular Metaphysics was a record label created by Sandy Pearlman in Studio C of the Hyde Street Studios in San Francisco in 1989. The label was short
Popular_Metaphysics
British philosopher (born 1965)
currently Professor of Metaphysics in the Department of Philosophy at Durham University. Mumford is best known for his work in metaphysics on dispositions and
Stephen_Mumford
State of being real
appear", and "to arise". Existence is studied by the subdiscipline of metaphysics known as ontology. The terms "being", "reality", and "actuality" are
Existence
Philosophical organization founded by Paul Weiss in 1950
The Metaphysical Society of America (MSA) is a philosophical organization founded by Paul Weiss in 1950. As stated in its constitution, "The purpose of
Metaphysical Society of America
Metaphysical_Society_of_America
1953 book by Martin Heidegger
Introduction to Metaphysics (German: Einführung in die Metaphysik) is a revised and edited 1935 lecture course by Martin Heidegger first published in
Introduction to Metaphysics (Heidegger book)
Introduction_to_Metaphysics_(Heidegger_book)
German philosopher (1770–1831)
influence on Western philosophy extends across a wide range of topics—from metaphysical issues in epistemology and ontology, to political philosophy, to philosophy
Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel
Philosophical system founded by Immanuel Kant
formalistic idealism Kant discusses in his Prolegomena to any Future Metaphysics, although recent research has tended to dispute this identification.
Transcendental_idealism
Differentiating and characterizing feature
In philosophy and logic (especially metaphysics), a property is a characteristic of an object; for example, a red object is said to have the property
Property_(philosophy)
Topics referred to by the same term
support of an argument, for what reason or purpose Grounding (metaphysics), a topic in metaphysics regarding how things exist in virtue of more fundamental
Why
Study of the development of philosophy
critique of philosophy. In the 17th century, Mulla Sadra developed a metaphysical system based on mysticism. Islamic modernism emerged in the 19th and
History_of_philosophy
Four volumes based on the teachings of Henry Clifford Kinley
from 1930 to 1976. Kinley is the founder of the Institute of Divine Metaphysical Research. The book was originally published in 1961, under the title
Elohim the Archetype (Original) Pattern of the Universe
Elohim_the_Archetype_(Original)_Pattern_of_the_Universe
American philosopher of science
chair of metaphysics in the Faculty of Philosophy, Philosophy of Science, and Religious Studies at LMU Munich. Her interests include metaphysics, the philosophy
Alyssa_Ney
touches on topics of existence, identity, and the nature of reality. In metaphysics, objects are often considered entities that possess properties and can
Mathematical_object
American philosopher
generally focused on ancient philosophy, metaphysics and feminist theory. She has written extensively about the metaphysics of gender, about Aristotle (especially
Charlotte_Witt
1929 book by Martin Heidegger
Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics (German: Kant und das Problem der Metaphysik) is a 1929 book about Immanuel Kant by the German philosopher Martin
Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics
Kant_and_the_Problem_of_Metaphysics
Ability to make choices voluntarily
incompatible with determinism is called incompatibilism and encompasses both metaphysical libertarianism (the claim that determinism is false and thus free will
Free_will
Philosophical theory
Metaphysical nihilism is the philosophical theory that there might have been no objects at all—that is, that there is a possible world in which there are
Metaphysical_nihilism
Portuguese-Dutch philosopher (1632–1677)
By advocating for individual liberty in its moral, psychological, and metaphysical dimensions, Spinoza helped establish the genre of political writing called
Baruch_Spinoza
American philosopher
American philosopher. He was the founder of The Review of Metaphysics and the Metaphysical Society of America. Paul Weiss grew up on the Lower East Side
Paul_Weiss_(philosopher)
American writer and philosopher (1928–2017)
work on a follow-up. For this book he developed a value-based metaphysics, Metaphysics of Quality, that challenges our subject–object view of reality
Robert_M._Pirsig
Philosophical worldview rejecting anything supernatural
Metaphysical naturalism (also called ontological naturalism, philosophical naturalism, or antisupernaturalism) is a philosophical worldview that holds
Metaphysical_naturalism
2003 metaphysics book by George Molnar
Powers: A Study in Metaphysics is a philosophical book written by George Molnar and published posthumously in 2003. After Molnar's death, the book was
Powers: A Study in Metaphysics
Powers:_A_Study_in_Metaphysics
Branch of metaphysics regarding abstract objects
Abstract object theory (AOT) is a branch of metaphysics regarding abstract objects. Originally devised by metaphysician Edward Zalta in 1981, the theory
Abstract_object_theory
Metaphysical concept, unchanging Ultimate Reality in Hinduism
returns, the origin and cause of all that exists. In contemporary Hindu metaphysics it is the highest universal principle, the Ultimate reality of the universe
Brahman
Relation each thing bears to itself alone
In metaphysics, identity (from Latin: identitas, "sameness") is the relation each thing bears only to itself. The notion of identity gives rise to many
Identity_(philosophy)
Sum or aggregate of all that is real or existent
being are considered under the rubric of ontology, a major branch of metaphysics in the Western intellectual tradition. Ontological questions also feature
Reality
Philosophy emphasizing names and labels
In metaphysics, nominalism is the view that universals and abstract objects do not actually exist other than being merely names or labels. There are two
Nominalism
Dutch computer scientist and philosopher (born 1974)
work centres on consciousness studies and analytic idealism, a form of metaphysical idealism developed within the analytic tradition. He questions physicalism
Bernardo_Kastrup
Idea that all religions share a single truth
and cultures; others argue that religious traditions share a single metaphysical truth or origin from which all esoteric and exoteric knowledge and doctrine
Perennial_philosophy
Perennial philosophy
René Guénon in the 20th century, it proposes that a single primordial, metaphysical truth forms the source for, and is shared by, all the major world religions
Traditionalism_(perennialism)
1929 lecture by Martin Heidegger
"What Is Metaphysics?" (German: Was ist Metaphysik?) is a lecture by the philosopher Martin Heidegger, first presented to the faculties of the University
What_Is_Metaphysics?
German philosopher (1679–1754)
minister Jean Des Champs, a former pupil of Wolff, to summarize Wolff's metaphysical work Vernünftige Gedanken von Gott, der Welt und der Seele des Menschen
Christian_Wolff_(philosopher)
Opposite position of realism
and is not assumed. There are many varieties of anti-realism, such as metaphysical, mathematical, semantic, scientific, moral and epistemic. The term was
Anti-realism
Philosophical question
The problem of universals is an ancient question from metaphysics that has inspired a range of philosophical topics and disputes: "Should the properties
Problem_of_universals
Branch of philosophy
this also refutes versions of dualism that have purely third-personal metaphysics. List has proposed a model he calls the "many-worlds theory of consciousness"
Philosophy_of_mind
Philosophical theory attributed to Plato
credited to the Classical Greek philosopher Plato. A major concept in metaphysics, the theory suggests that the physical world is not as real or true as
Theory_of_forms
1972 collage film by Wheeler Winston Dixon
Serial Metaphysics is a 1972 collage film by experimental filmmaker Wheeler Winston Dixon. An examination of the American lifestyle recut entirely from
Serial_Metaphysics
British and American filmmaker (born 1970)
films have been inducted into the National Film Registry. Infused with a metaphysical outlook, his works thematise epistemology, existentialism, ethics, the
Christopher_Nolan
English mathematician and philosopher (1861–1947)
mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of Western
Alfred_North_Whitehead
Variety of philosophical idealism
In metaphysics, metaphysical solipsism is the variety of idealism which asserts that nothing exists externally to this one mind, and since this mind is
Metaphysical_solipsism
Scientific and philosophical encyclopedia by Avicenna
mathematics (a quadrivium of arithmetic, geometry, astronomy), and metaphysics. It was influenced by ancient Greek philosophers such as Aristotle; Hellenistic
The_Book_of_Healing
Study of correct reasoning
intuitions behind classical logic and apply it to other fields, such as metaphysics, ethics, and epistemology, as frameworks for reasoning about what is
Logic
Philosophical work by Leibniz
philosophy. It is a short text which presents, in some 90 paragraphs, a metaphysics of simple substances, or monads. During his last stay in Vienna from
Monadology
Philosophy during the medieval period
significant developments in the fields of philosophy of religion, logic, and metaphysics. The high medieval Scholastic period was disparagingly treated by the
Medieval_philosophy
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
Boy/Male
Tamil
Bansilal | பஂஸீலாலÂ
Lord Krishna, The first Lord
Girl/Female
Hindu
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lingam
Boy/Male
Hindu
Fragrance
Boy/Male
Indian
Honest, Honorable, Noble, Distinguished, Gentleman
Female
Russian
(ÐкулиÌна) Variant spelling of Russian Akilina, AKULINA means "eagle."
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Born of Fire; Lord Vishnu and Kartikeya
Girl/Female
Hebrew American English
Wished-for child; rebellion; bitter.
Female
Egyptian
, The Good Companion.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Benthall.
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
n.
One who is versed in metaphysics.
n.
One of the seminaries for teaching logic, metaphysics, and theology, which were formed in the Middle Ages, and which were characterized by academical disputations and subtilties of reasoning.
n.
The science of real as distinguished from phenomenal being; ontology; also, the science of being, with reference to its abstract and universal conditions, as distinguished from the science of determined or concrete being; the science of the conceptions and relations which are necessarily implied as true of every kind of being; phylosophy in general; first principles, or the science of first principles.
a.
Of or pertaining to metaphysics.
a.
According to rules or principles of metaphysics; as, metaphysical reasoning.
n.
That department of the science of metaphysics which investigates and explains the nature and essential properties and relations of all beings, as such, or the principles and causes of being.
n.
one who holds the doctrine of evolution, either in biology or in metaphysics.
n.
An elementary principle or maximum; a short, proverbial rule, in law, ethics, or metaphysics.
n.
See Metaphysics.
n.
Hence: The scientific knowledge of mental phenomena; mental philosophy; psychology.
a.
Pertaining to Samuel Taylor Coleridge, or to his poetry or metaphysics.