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Molecule with a large ring structure
Macrocycles are often described as molecules and ions containing a ring of twelve or more atoms. Classical examples include the crown ethers, calixarenes
Macrocycle
Type of chemical compound
subunits with the nitrogen atoms facing outwards from the core of the macrocycle. Porphyria – Metabolic disorders in which porphyrins build up in the body
Porphyrin
Systematic planning of athletic or physical training
time up into three types of cycles: microcycle, mesocycle, and macrocycle. A macrocycle refers to a season of training in its entirety. It is an annual
Sports_periodization
Molecule with a ring of bonded atoms
so-called medium rings; and 12 or more atoms, so-called large rings, or macrocycles. (In older literature, a breakpoint for the large rings is sometimes
Cyclic_compound
Method of synthesizing supramolecular assemblies
as covalent organic frameworks, molecular knots, polymers, and novel macrocycles. Not to be confused with dynamic combinatorial chemistry, DCvC concerns
Dynamic_covalent_chemistry
Class of chemical compounds
hemoglobin and chlorophyll. In these two molecules, in particular, the pyrrole macrocycle ring frames a metal atom, which forms a coordination compound with the
Tetrapyrrole
Chemical element with atomic number 79 (Au)
Michel (1999). "Gold(I) and Gold(0) Complexes of Phosphinine-Based Macrocycles". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 38 (21): 3194–3197. doi:10
Gold
Ring molecule able to store other molecules within itself
Pillararenes are macrocycles composed of hydroquinone or dialkoxybenzene units (5 to 10) linked in the para position by methylene bridges. They are structurally
Pillararene
Interlocked molecular structure resembling a dumbbell
consisting of a dumbbell-shaped molecule which is threaded through a macrocycle (see graphical representation). The two components of a rotaxane are kinetically
Rotaxane
System of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons in a molecule
charge-transfer complexes. Porphyrins have conjugated molecular ring systems (macrocycles) that appear in many enzymes of biological systems. As a ligand, porphyrin
Conjugated_system
Peptide chains which contain a circular sequence of bonds
Cyclic peptides are polypeptide chains which contain a circular sequence of bonds. This can be through a connection between the amino and carboxyl ends
Cyclic_peptide
Molecule composed of two or more intertwined rings
interlocked molecular architecture consisting of two or more interlocked macrocycles, i.e. a molecule containing two or more intertwined rings. The interlocked
Catenane
Basket-shaped ring molecule able to store other molecules within itself
the hydrocarbon cyclo{oligo(1,3-phenylene)methylene}. A calixarene is a macrocycle or cyclic oligomer based on a methylene-linked phenols. With hydrophobic
Calixarene
Chemical reactions and pathways
aerobic organisms) and whether oxygen is required. In both cases, the macrocycle that will form a coordination complex with the cobalt ion is a corrin
Cobalamin_biosynthesis
Branch of chemistry
thermodynamically or kinetically unlikely, such as in the preparation of large macrocycles. This pre-organization also serves purposes such as minimizing side reactions
Supramolecular_chemistry
Organic ring compound (C4H4NH)
natural products such as heme. Pyrroles are components of more complex macrocycles, including the porphyrinogens and products derived therefrom, including
Pyrrole
equivalent of the diiodide produced macrocycles in low yields which could be separated by column chromatography. These macrocycles were then reductively aromatized
Cycloparaphenylene
Part of a molecule responsible for its color
of the macrocycle ring absorbs visible light. The nature of the central metal can also influence the absorption spectrum of the metal-macrocycle complex
Chromophore
Vitamin used in animal cell metabolism
E (May 1980). "Biosynthesis of the pigments of life: formation of the macrocycle". Nature. 285 (5759): 17–21. Bibcode:1980Natur.285...17B. doi:10.1038/285017a0
Vitamin_B12
Aromatic tetrapyrrole
Cobalamin structure includes a deprotonated corrin macrocycle.
Corrole
Molecule composed of three interlocked rings
molecular architecture in which three macrocycles are interlocked in such a way that breaking any macrocycle allows the others to dissociate. They are
Molecular_Borromean_ring
Pharmaceutical drug
cyclizes the molecule, yielding the unbound product, prerapamycin. The core macrocycle, prerapamycin (figure 2), is then modified (figure 3) by an additional
Sirolimus
covalent linkage between two amino acid side-chains, forming a peptide macrocycle. Staples, generally speaking, refer to a covalent linkage of two previously
Stapled_peptide
Chemical element with atomic number 20 (Ca)
cations tend to form stronger complexes, but when large polydentate macrocycles are involved the trend is reversed. In contrast to organomagnesium compounds
Calcium
Subdiscipline of chemistry, focusing on carbon compounds
most stable rings contain five or six carbon atoms, but large rings (macrocycles) and smaller rings are common. The smallest cycloalkane family is the
Organic_chemistry
Chemical compound
ditosylates: TsN(CH2CH2NTsNa)2 + TsN(CH2CH2OTs)2 → (TsNCH2CH2)4 The resulting macrocycle can be deprotected with strong acid. Base gives the tetramine. High dilution
Cyclen
Cyclic oligosaccharide with 6 to 8 glucose units
1002/14356007.e08_e02. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2. Gu A, Wheate N (2021). "Macrocycles as drug-enhancing excipients in pharmaceutical formulations". Journal
Cyclodextrin
Chemical compound
macrocycle and the four acetic acid arms in the DOTA structure, while "xetan" is a standard suffix for chelators. DOTA is derived from the macrocycle
DOTA_(chelator)
Chemical compound
formula C20H14N4. It is heterocyclic and aromatic. The molecule is a flat macrocycle, consisting of four pyrrole-like rings joined by four methine bridges
Porphine
Supermolecular coordination-based assembly methodology
and phosphine-based hemilabile ligands, heteroligated complexes, and macrocycles have been successfully synthesized, allowing access to more complex architectures
Weak-Link_Approach
Chemical compound
abbreviated as PPIX. Protoporphyrin IX contains a porphine core, a tetrapyrrole macrocycle with a marked aromatic character. Protoporphyrin IX is essentially planar
Protoporphyrin_IX
Ion or molecule bound to a metal atom
iron atom is at the centre of a porphyrin macrocycle, bound to four nitrogen atoms of the tetrapyrrole macrocycle. The very stable dimethylglyoximate complex
Ligand
Molecular-scale artificial or biological device
mechanically interlocked molecules derived from catenanes where a large macrocycle backbone connects at least three small rings in the shape of a necklace
Molecular_machine
Chemical compound
derivatives of the parent phthalocyanine, where either carbon atoms of the macrocycle are exchanged for nitrogen atoms, such as tetrapyrazinoporphyrazine, or
Phthalocyanine
Asymmetry in molecules
this phenomenon by suggesting that if an inherently chiral calixarene macrocycle were opened up it would produce an "achiral linear molecule". There are
Inherent_chirality
Chemical compound
is a mechanically interlocked molecule composed of five interlocking macrocycles that resembles the Olympic rings. The molecule is a linear pentacatenane
Olympiadane
Chemical element with atomic number 55 (Cs)
Joseph F.; Bonnesen, Peter V.; Delmau, Laetitia H. (2005). "Use of Macrocycles in Nuclear-Waste Cleanup: A Realworld Application of a Calixcrown in
Caesium
Chemical compound
the macrocycle. In this study, it was proposed that the methylated proline residue contributed to the restricted conformation of the macrocycle. The
Bottromycin
American chemist (1926–2023)
selectivity to macrocycle structure in a variety of solvents using a range of metal ions and organic amine cations. Using chiral macrocycles and chiral alkylammonium
Reed_McNeil_Izatt
Chemical compound
are bacteriochlorins, meaning their molecules have a bacteriochlorin macrocycle ring with two reduced pyrrole rings (B and D). Bacteriochlorophylls c
Bacteriochlorophyll
Chemical compound
Gadoteric acid, sold under the brand name Dotarem among others, is a macrocycle-structured gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent (GBCA). It consists of the
Gadoteric_acid
Chemical compound
6-spiroacetal (1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5]-undecanyl) moiety connected to one side of the macrocycle. Widely-studied 26-membered oligomycins/rutamycins, 24-membered dunaimycins
Ossamycin
Chemical compound
bands (also known as B-bands) and Q-bands, similar to their analogous macrocycles. These bands result from the extended aromatic π-conjugation, allowing
Tetrapyrazinoporphyrazine
Retrieved 2020-06-08. Zhang W, Moore JS (July 2006). "Shape-persistent macrocycles: structures and synthetic approaches from arylene and ethynylene building
Arylene
Chemical compound
Porphyrazines, or tetraazaporphyrins, are tetrapyrrole macrocycles similar to porphyrins and phthalocyanines. Pioneered by Sir R. Patrick Linstead as
Porphyrazine
Chemical compound
known to exist on its own, the molecule is of interest as the parent macrocycle related to the cofactor and chromophore in vitamin B12. Its name reflects
Corrin
Group of vitamins
some amino acids, such as glycine. Heme B is the porphyrin derivative macrocycle molecule that holds the iron atom in place in hemoglobin, allowing for
B_vitamins
Enzyme
CobT, CobN (InterPro: IPR003672) and CobS (InterPro: IPR006537). The macrocycle of vitamin B12 can be complexed with metal via the ATP-dependent reactions
Cobalt_chelatase
less interdependent histories with often unsynchronized developmental macrocycles. They were described in Skinner's landmark essays in The City in Late
Physiographic macroregions of China
Physiographic_macroregions_of_China
a class of naturally occurring compounds with a tetrapyrrole core, a macrocycle of four pyrrole rings connected by four methylene bridges. They can be
Porphyrinogen
Chemical coordination complex of an iron ion chelated to a porphyrin
remarkable functional diversity by modifying the environment of the heme macrocycle within the protein matrix. For example, the ability of hemoglobin to effectively
Heme
Topics referred to by the same term
in Pakistan Super League Porphyrazine, in chemistry, a tetrapyyrolic macrocycle Province of Potenza, Italy Project Zomboid, an open-world zombie survival
PZ
Mechanically interlocked molecular architecture
the repeating unit. They are a class of catenanes where the number of macrocycles is greater than two and as catenanes they belong to the big family of
Polycatenane
Class of chemical compounds
SeOH functional group within the cavity of a p-tert-butyl[calix[6]arene macrocycle]. X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed the Se-O bond length to be
Selenenic_acid
Hypothetical charge of an atom if all its bonds to different atoms were fully ionic
Michel (1999). "Gold(I) and Gold(0) Complexes of Phosphinine-Based Macrocycles". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 38 (21): 3194–3197. doi:10
Oxidation_state
synthesis of the "Curtis macrocycles", in which a metal ion serves as a template for ring formation. Polyether macrocycles - or "crown" ligands - were
Macrocyclic_ligand
Chemical compound
exhibited by PG-1 was used to generate a diverse library of peptidomimetic macrocycles which were screened for antibacterial activity. Variants in this 14-residue
Murepavadin
Chemical reaction
prior to isolation. In 1982, H. Hart et al. reported a synthesis of a macrocycle containing fused furan rings using a Paal–Knorr furan synthesis. Refluxing
Paal–Knorr_synthesis
Highly ordered, branched polymeric molecule
meaning of molecule or substance is not acceptable. Note 3: In a dendron, macrocycles of constitutional units are absent. The first dendrimers were made by
Dendrimer
Principle in chemical kinetics
twisted 16-membered macrocycle. A key step in the syntheses is selective amide bond formation to produce the correct macrocycle. In Phil Baran's enantioselective
Curtin–Hammett_principle
Chemical compound
thiazole rings, a central tetrasubstituted pyridine moiety, and a bicyclic macrocycle, which includes a modified amino acid (from tryptophan) external to the
Nosiheptide
Pharmaceutical compound
Daraxonrasib (RMC-6236) is a RAS inhibitor drug. It is undergoing testing by Revolution Medicines to treat advanced solid tumors with RAS mutations, especially
Daraxonrasib
Group of neurotoxins
disulfide-through-disulfide knot, in which the III-VI disulfide bond crosses the macrocycle formed by two other disulfide bonds (I-IV and II-V) and the interconnecting
Conotoxin
Chemical reaction
agent, other factors strongly influence the reaction. In one particular macrocycle system the reaction rate is not only accelerated (150000 fold compared
Menshutkin_reaction
Radiopharmaceutical precursor
the drug. The "tetra-" prefix indicates the four nitrogen atoms in the macrocycle and the four acetic acid arms in the DOTA structure, while "xetan" is
Vipivotide_tetraxetan
Investigational antibiotic
Di Giorgio P, Hu T, Jenny C, Mattei P, Schmitz P, Stoll T, "Peptide macrocycles against acinetobacter baumannii.", issued 21 November 2023, assigned
Zosurabalpin
Class of enzymes
tight fit of the metal into the rigid 18- or 17-membered tetrapyrrole macrocycle. Several families of chelatase are known including cobalt chelatase, magnesium
Chelatase
Type of dye
merocyanines, squaraine and perylene bisimides. Certain π-conjugated macrocycles, reported by Swager and co-workers at MIT, were also found to form J-aggregates
J-aggregate
Class of chemical compounds
thiazoles, a methyloxazoline, and an oxazoline in its final state, a macrocycle derived from 8 amino acids. Lanthipeptides are one of the most well-studied
Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides
Ribosomally_synthesized_and_post-translationally_modified_peptides
Molecule whose structure resembles a knot
In chemistry, a molecular knot is a mechanically interlocked molecular architecture that is analogous to a macroscopic knot. Naturally-forming molecular
Molecular_knot
Macrocylcic molecule
A cyanostar (pentacyanopentabenzo[25]annulene) is a shape-persistent macrocycle that binds anions. The cyanostar structure is synthesized in a one-pot
Cyanostar
Chemical reaction constructing a new ring on a molecule
nonfavorable) between different non-bonding molecular groups in a large ring or macrocycle. See for example atranes. IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th
Annulation
Class of organometallic complexes
in heme, cannot accept electrons from the iron center back towards the macrocycle. More electron density is donated to the iron center compared to heme
Cyclic iron tetra N-heterocyclic carbenes
Cyclic_iron_tetra_N-heterocyclic_carbenes
Chemical compound
high yields of predictable macrocyclic products can be obtained. These macrocycles are applicated in numerous ways, such as host–guest chemistry, chemical
Zirconocene
Ring molecule able to hold other molecules within itself
chemistry, a resorcinarene (also resorcarene or calix[4]resorcinarene) is a macrocycle, or a cyclic oligomer, based on the condensation of resorcinol (1,3-dihydroxybenzene)
Resorcinarene
Pharmaceutical compound
1099/mic.0.001387. PMC 10569064. PMID 37656158. Surur AS, Sun D (2021). "Macrocycle-Antibiotic Hybrids: A Path to Clinical Candidates". Frontiers in Chemistry
Cefilavancin
Form of phototherapy
tetrapyrrolic molecules, with the heart of the skeleton a heterocyclic macrocycle, known as a porphine. The fundamental porphine frame consists of four
Photodynamic_therapy
Chemical compound
isoquinoline alkaloids. Marchantins are a family of bis(bibenzyl)-containing macrocycles. Benzil Benzoin The Merck Index, 11th Edition, 1219 Girard, P.; Namy
Bibenzyl
Social insects related to cockroaches
feeding groups in termites". Prestwich, G.D. (1982). "From tetracycles to macrocycles". Tetrahedron. 38 (13): 1911–1919. doi:10.1016/0040-4020(82)80040-9.
Termite
Chemical compound
secondary metabolite isolated from the liverwort Cavicularia densa. This macrocycle is unusual because it was the first compound isolated from nature displaying
Cavicularin
Chemical compound
Crystal structure of a rotaxane with an α-cyclodextrin macrocycle.
Α-Cyclodextrin
Variation of olefin metathesis
Siegfried Warwel and Hans Kaitker published a synthesis of symmetric macrocycles through a cross-metathesis dimerization of starting cycloolefins to afford
Ring-closing_metathesis
French multinational pharmaceutical and healthcare company
anemia. Fludara (Fludarabine), for leukemia. Mozobil (Plerixafor), for macrocycle, approved by the FDA for peripheral blood stem cell mobilizer for non-Hodgkin's
Sanofi
Chemical compound
Muscone is a macrocyclic ketone, an organic compound that is the primary contributor to the odor of deer musk. Natural muscone is obtained from musk, a
Muscone
Boron porphyrins are a variety of porphyrin, a common macrocycle used for photosensitization and metal trapping applications, that incorporate boron. The
Boron_porphyrins
zinc. An example of a host–guest complex that was constructed from a macrocycle composed of four porphyrins. A guest-free base porphyrin is bound to the
Transition metal porphyrin complexes
Transition_metal_porphyrin_complexes
Polymeric arrays of repeating units connected by non-covalent bonds
monomer assembled together via multiple hydrogen bonding between adjacent macrocycles. In 1994, Anselm. C. Griffin showed an amorphous supramolecular material
Supramolecular_polymer
Medicine
price of linaclotide to around $414 in 2018. Oh SA (17 August 2011). "Macrocycle Milestone for Ironwood Pharma". The Haystack. Archived from the original
Linaclotide
to give sirohydrochlorin. A ferrochelatase then inserts iron into the macrocycle to give siroheme. Ferredoxin-nitrite reductase Hydrogensulfite reductase
Siroheme
Intermediate in the synthesis of porphyrins
porphyrinogen, which is a class of compounds with the hexahydroporphine macrocycle. In the absence of the enzyme, the compound undergoes spontaneous cyclization
Hydroxymethylbilane
Chemical compound
a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents. The compound is a macrocycle and used in host–guest chemistry as a molecular host. The compound can
Cyclotriveratrylene
Class of natural products
having greater than 8-membered rings are candidates for this class. The macrocycle may contain amino nitrogen, amide nitrogen (but should be differentiated
Macrolide
Chemical compound
precursors. This application is particularly valuable in the synthesis of macrocycles, where molybdenum imido alkylidene compounds enable the efficient formation
Molybdenum imido alkylidene complex
Molybdenum_imido_alkylidene_complex
Chemical compounds
outwards. The complex features a non-innocent ligand, in the sense that the macrocycles carry an extra electron. It is a free radical with the unpaired electron
Lutetium_compounds
Diverse class of hydrolyzable tannins, a type of polyphenol
dilactone, while gallic acid remains intact. Ellagitannins generally form macrocycles, whereas gallotannins do not. Castalagin Castalin Casuarictin Grandinin
Ellagitannin
Chemical compound
rings connected by methylene bridges −CH2− into a larger (non-aromatic) macrocycle ring, which makes it one of the simplest tetrapyrroles, and the simplest
Hexahydroporphine
strategy for some macrocyclization reactions, i.e. the synthesis of macrocycles. Unlike the synthesis of 5- and 6-membered rings, the preparation of
High_dilution_principle
"click"-chemistry has been recently reported. Alternating D/L peptide macrocycles are known to self-aggregate into nanotubes, and the resulting nanotubes
Synthetic_ion_channels
Chemical addition of an –SH and –C≡CH molecule
in polymer networks. Another reported application is the synthesis of macrocycles via dithiol coupling. Click chemistry Michael addition Radical addition
Thiol-yne_reaction
Compound library-based chemical synthesis method
(2004) DNA-Templated Organic Synthesis and Selection of a Library of Macrocycles, Science 305; 1601-1605. Melkko S, Scheuermann J, Dumelin CE, Neri D
Combinatorial_chemistry
MACROCYCLE
MACROCYCLE
MACROCYCLE
MACROCYCLE
Boy/Male
Tamil
Free from desire and attachment
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Morning; Dawn
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Remembered
Girl/Female
Indian
Fragrance
Girl/Female
American, Australian, French, German, Latin, Spanish
Flowery; Flourishing; Blooming; Feast of Flowers
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English starling ‘starling’ (Old English stærling), probably a nickname for a raucous or voracious person.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Guardian of Initiation
Boy/Male
Arabic
The lightning. Al Borak was the legenday magical horse that bore Muhammad from earth to the...
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada
Earth
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
God's Light
MACROCYCLE
MACROCYCLE
MACROCYCLE
MACROCYCLE
MACROCYCLE