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Computer specialized in running Lisp
Lisp machines are general-purpose computers designed to efficiently run Lisp as their main software and programming language, usually via hardware support
Lisp_machine
Technology (MIT) Lisp machines. Lisp Machine Lisp was also the Lisp dialect with the most influence on the design of Common Lisp. Lisp Machine Lisp branched into
Lisp_Machine_Lisp
Programming language family
Lisp (historically LISP, an abbreviation of "list processing") is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized
Lisp_(programming_language)
Computer company (1979–1987)
Lisp Machines, Inc. was a company formed in 1979 by Richard Greenblatt of MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory to build Lisp machines. It was based
Lisp_Machines
Programming language standard
work on diverse successors to MacLisp: Lisp Machine Lisp (aka ZetaLisp), Spice Lisp, NIL and S-1 Lisp. Common Lisp sought to unify, standardize, and
Common_Lisp
Programming language
*Lisp (or StarLisp) is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp. It was conceived of in 1985 by two employees of the Thinking Machines Corporation
*Lisp
Defunct American computer manufacturer (1980–1996)
designed and manufactured a line of Lisp machines, single-user computers optimized to run the programming language Lisp. Symbolics also made significant
Symbolics
Dialect of Lisp in the Emacs text editor
Emacs Lisp is a Lisp dialect made for GNU Emacs. It is used for implementing most of the editing functionality built into Emacs, the remainder being written
Emacs_Lisp
Text editor for Lisp machines
MIT Lisp machine and runs on its descendants (Symbolics Genera, LMI Lambda, TI Explorer). Zmacs is written in Lisp Machine Lisp (called ZetaLisp on Symbolics
Zmacs
Lisp software and development tools
Common Lisp Common Lisp Dylan Emacs Lisp EuLisp Franz Lisp GOAL Hy Ikarus Interlisp ISLISP Le Lisp Lisp Flavored Erlang Lisp Machine Lisp Lispkit Lisp Maclisp
List of Lisp software and tools
List_of_Lisp_software_and_tools
Period of reduced funding and interest in AI research
DARPA's cutbacks to academic AI research in general 1987: collapse of the LISP machine market 1988: cancellation of new spending on AI by the Strategic Computing
AI_winter
of Lisp machine computers. These computers were sold by Texas Instruments (TI) in the 1980s. The Explorer is based on a design from Lisp Machines Incorporated
Texas_Instruments_Explorer
Feature in the programming language Lisp
The Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) is the facility for object-oriented programming in ANSI Common Lisp. CLOS is a dynamic object system which differs
Common_Lisp_Object_System
English programmer, venture capitalist, and writer (born 1964)
Hacker News. He is the author of the computer programming books On Lisp, ANSI Common Lisp, and Hackers & Painters. Technology journalist Steven Levy has described
Paul_Graham_(programmer)
Lispkit Lisp is a lexically scoped, purely functional subset of Lisp (Pure Lisp) developed as a testbed for functional programming concepts. It was first
Lispkit_Lisp
Abstract machine used as a target for compilers
semantics). Lispkit Lisp was a compiler based on the SECD machine, and the SECD machine has been used as the target for other systems such as Lisp/370. In 1989
SECD_machine
Video game programming language
Game Oriented Assembly Lisp (GOAL, also known as Game Object Assembly Lisp) is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp, made for video games
Game_Oriented_Assembly_Lisp
Symbolics operating system based on Lisp
commercial operating system and integrated development environment for Lisp machines created by Symbolics. It is essentially a fork of an earlier operating
Genera_(software)
Timeline of artificial intelligence Timeline of machine learning The Lambda calculus was an inspiration for the Lisp programming language, which was important
History of artificial intelligence
History_of_artificial_intelligence
Computer programming environment
to programming interfaces similar to the classic Lisp machine interactive environment or to Common Lisp with the SLIME development environment. Common examples
Read–eval–print_loop
Intelligence of machines
funding for academic research. However, beginning with the collapse of the Lisp Machine market in 1987, AI once again fell into disrepute, and a second, longer-lasting
Artificial_intelligence
Dialect of Lisp developed in France
Le Lisp (also Le_Lisp and Le-Lisp) is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp. It was developed at the French Institute for Research in
Le_Lisp
User interface software toolkit
Symbolics' Lisp machines between 1988 and 1993. ... you can check out Common Lisp Interface Manager (CLIM). A descendant of the Symbolics Lisp machines GUI framework
Common_Lisp_Interface_Manager
Hardware specially designed and optimized for artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence (AI) programs faster, and with less energy, such as Lisp machines, neuromorphic engineering, event cameras, and physical neural networks
Hardware for artificial intelligence
Hardware_for_artificial_intelligence
Lisp was a computer programming language, a dialect of the Lisp language. It was an object-oriented extension for the Lisp dialect Lisp Machine Lisp,
Object_Lisp
Programming language
to Lisp developed by Howard Cannon at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory for the Lisp machine and its programming language Lisp Machine Lisp. It
Flavors (programming language)
Flavors_(programming_language)
Data serialization format
the programming language Lisp, which uses them for source code as well as data. In the usual parenthesized syntax of Lisp, an S-expression is classically
S-expression
American activist and programmer (born 1953)
the Lisp machine operating system (the CONS of 1974–1976 and the CADR of 1977–1979—this latter unit was commercialized by Symbolics and Lisp Machines, Inc
Richard_Stallman
The programming language Lisp is the second-oldest high-level programming language with direct descendants and closely related dialects still in widespread
List of Lisp-family programming languages
List_of_Lisp-family_programming_languages
Programming paradigm
popular in the 1970s and 1980s using list processing languages such as Lisp. Lisp machine hardware gained some notice in the 1980s, and enabled applications
Metaprogramming
Instruments' Explorer Lisp machine workstations also had systems code written in Lisp Machine Lisp. Xerox 1100 series of Lisp machines used an operating system
List_of_operating_systems
Spice Lisp (Scientific Personal Integrated Computing Environment) is a programming language, a dialect of Lisp. Its implementation, originally written
Spice_Lisp
LISP computer programming language variant
AutoLISP is a dialect of the programming language Lisp built specifically for use with the full version of AutoCAD and its derivatives, which include AutoCAD
AutoLISP
Abandoned 1960s programming language proposal
LISP 2 is a programming language proposed in the 1960s as the successor to Lisp. It had largely Lisp-like semantics and ALGOL 60-like syntax. It is remembered
LISP_2
Coding language, extension for Erlang
dialect built on Core Erlang and the Erlang virtual machine (BEAM). LFE builds on Erlang to provide a Lisp syntax for writing distributed, fault-tolerant,
LFE_(programming_language)
Dialect of Lisp
Scheme is a dialect of the Lisp family of programming languages. Scheme was created during the 1970s at the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence
Scheme_(programming_language)
American computer scientist
language. By implementing the Lisp universal evaluator in a lower-level language, it became possible to create the Lisp interpreter; prior development
Steve Russell (computer scientist)
Steve_Russell_(computer_scientist)
American supercomputer and AI firm (1983–1994)
Connection Machine was programmed in a variety of specialized programming languages, including *Lisp and CM Lisp (derived from Common Lisp), C* (derived
Thinking_Machines_Corporation
Two discontinued Emacs-like text editors
written in Lisp. It used Lisp Machine Lisp. Stallman later wrote GNU Emacs, which was written in C and Emacs Lisp and extensible in Emacs Lisp. EINE also
EINE_and_ZWEI
Dialect of the Lisp programming language
and D. L. Murphy. In 1970, Alice K. Hartley implemented BBN LISP, which ran on PDP-10 machines running the operating system TENEX (renamed TOPS-20). In 1973
Interlisp
Programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp
PicoLisp is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp. It runs on operating systems including Linux and others that are Portable Operating
PicoLisp
American computer scientist; creator of Morris Worm; associate professor at MIT
[failed verification] In 2008, released the programming language Arc, a Lisp dialect, alongside Paul Graham. In 2010, Morris was awarded the 2010 Special
Robert_Tappan_Morris
Open-source programming language
Arc is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp, developed by Paul Graham and Robert Morris. It is free and open-source software released
Arc_(programming_language)
Keyboard used on MIT Lisp machines, influential to Emacs
keyboard is a keyboard designed by John L. Kulp in 1978 and used on Lisp machines at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). It inspired several
Space-cadet_keyboard
American scientist (1927–2011)
intelligence" (AI), led the development of the symbolic programming language family Lisp and had a large influence in the language ALGOL, popularized time-sharing
John McCarthy (computer scientist)
John_McCarthy_(computer_scientist)
Computer science textbook
concepts using Scheme, a dialect of Lisp. It also uses a virtual register machine and assembler to implement Lisp interpreters and compilers. Topics in
Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs
Structure_and_Interpretation_of_Computer_Programs
Lisp programming language system
In computer programming, Franz Lisp is a discontinued Lisp programming language system written at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley
Franz_Lisp
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up lisp or Lisp in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. A lisp is a type of speech impediment. Lisp or LISP may also refer to: Lisp (programming language)
Lisp_(disambiguation)
Computer designed to run a specific language
first HLLs. The best known HLLCAs may be the Lisp machines of the 1970s and 1980s, for the language Lisp (1959). At present the most popular HLLCAs are
High-level language computer architecture
High-level_language_computer_architecture
Extension language
was a cleaner Lisp dialect than Emacs Lisp, and that GEL could evolve to implement other languages on the same runtime, namely Emacs Lisp. After Lord discovered
GNU_Guile
American semiconductor designer and manufacturer
developed and sold the Explorer computer family of Lisp machines. For the Explorer, a special 32-bit Lisp microprocessor was developed, which was used in
Texas_Instruments
Lisp dialect
multi-paradigm programming language. The Racket language is a modern dialect of Lisp and a descendant of Scheme. It is designed as a platform for programming
Racket_(programming_language)
Family of text editors
automate work. Implementations of Emacs typically feature a dialect of the Lisp programming language, allowing users and developers to write new commands
Emacs
falls within the large Lisp family of languages that includes Common Lisp, Scheme, ISLisp, EuLisp, XLisp, and AutoLisp. Lisp was invented by John McCarthy
History of the Scheme programming language
History_of_the_Scheme_programming_language
Dialect of Lisp programming language
Maclisp (or MACLISP, sometimes styled MacLisp or MacLISP) is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp. It originated at the Massachusetts Institute
Maclisp
Graham "CLiki: On Lisp". On Lisp home page Free versions of "On Lisp" On Lisp in pdf-format Archived 2007-03-08 at the Wayback Machine On Lisp in multiple HTML
On_Lisp
Computer system emulating human expert
the main development environment for expert systems had been high end Lisp machines from Xerox, Symbolics, and Texas Instruments. With the rise of the PC
Expert_system
Dialect of the Lisp programming language on the Java platform
language Lisp on the Java platform. Like most other Lisps, Clojure's syntax is built on S-expressions that are first parsed into data structures by a Lisp reader
Clojure
Early GUI-based computer workstation from Xerox
Star, Xerox 1108 Lisp machine (1981) Dandetiger: Xerox 1109 Lisp machine Daybreak: Xerox 6085 Star successor, Xerox 1186 Lisp machine (1985) The Xerox
Xerox_Star
Dialect of Lisp programming language
newLISP is a scripting language, a dialect of the Lisp family of programming languages. It was designed and developed by Lutz Mueller. Because of its
NewLISP
Computer programming language
The language was conceived to teach concepts of programming related to Lisp and only later to enable what Papert called "body-syntonic reasoning", where
Logo_(programming_language)
American computer scientist
D-Series Machines: the "Dandelion" (used in the Xerox Star and Xerox 1108 LISP machine), "Dandetiger" (used in the Xerox 1109 LISP machine), "Daybreak"
Butler_Lampson
American computer programmer (born 1944)
holds a place of distinction in the communities of the programming language Lisp and of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Artificial Intelligence
Richard Greenblatt (programmer)
Richard_Greenblatt_(programmer)
Dialect of the Lisp programming language designed to interact with Python
and Clojure's mappings onto the Java virtual machine (JVM), Hy is meant to operate as a transparent Lisp front-end for Python. It allows Python libraries
Hy_(programming_language)
32-bit parallel computer bus
by Western Digital for their NuMachine, and for the Lisp Machines Inc. LMI Lambda. NuBus was later incorporated in Lisp products by Texas Instruments (Explorer)
NuBus
Computer key
on a keyboard designed for Lisp machines at MIT. The "space-cadet" keyboard, designed in 1978 at MIT for the Lisp machine, introduced two new modifier
Super_key_(keyboard_button)
Common Lisp function that produces formatted text
preferred formatting strings. This functionally originates in MIT's Lisp Machine Lisp, where it was based on Multics. The format function is specified by
Format_(Common_Lisp)
American computer programmer
wrote EINE and ZWEI, text editors for MIT Lisp machines. EINE made use of the windowing system of the Lisp machine, and thus is the first Emacs written for
Daniel_Weinreb
Practical Common Lisp is an introductory book on the programming language Common Lisp by Peter Seibel. It features a fairly complete introduction to the
Practical_Common_Lisp
Abstract computational machine model
pointer machine model. Some particular types of pointer machines are called a linking automaton, a KU-machine, an SMM, an atomistic LISP machine, a tree-pointer
Pointer_machine
Established norm or requirement to facilitate consistency
SAE International copyright policy Archived 2012-11-12 at the Wayback Machine "Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and
Technical_standard
discontinued FreeS/WAN. Symbolics Lisp Machine operating system, later called Symbolics Genera. Forked from the MIT Lisp Machine operating system, which was
List_of_software_forks
Software
LispWorks is computer software, a proprietary implementation and integrated development environment (IDE) for the programming language Common Lisp. LispWorks
LispWorks
Standard Lisp (PSL) is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp. PSL was inspired by its predecessor, Standard Lisp and the Portable Lisp Compiler
Portable_Standard_Lisp
Garbage collection assisted by hardware mechanisms
functional languages. Research in the 1980s included hardware features in Lisp machines. The Symbolics 3600 used a tagged architecture with per-word tags to
Hardware-assisted garbage collection
Hardware-assisted_garbage_collection
Five generation of a computer
parallel to the Lisp machine market, where rule-based systems such as CLIPS could run on general-purpose computers, making expensive Lisp machines unnecessary
Fifth Generation Computer Systems
Fifth_Generation_Computer_Systems
Proposed syntax for the Lisp language
In Lisp programming language, M-expressions (or meta-expressions) were an early proposed syntax for the Lisp, inspired by contemporary languages such
M-expression
Topics referred to by the same term
Nido del Colibri, a multi-use stadium in Cuernavaca, Mexico COLIBRI, a Lisp machine co-processor Rey Mysterio (born 1974), wrestler, by ring name Colibri
Colibri
Theory of software design
the-right-thing". Gabriel offers the examples of the adoption of C over Lisp, Unix over Lisp machines and VMS, and x86 over reduced instruction set computers as examples
Worse_is_better
American computer scientist (born 1954)
Thinking Machines, where he helped define and promote a parallel computing version of the Lisp programming language named *Lisp (Star Lisp) and a parallel
Guy_L._Steele_Jr.
Part of a computer program where a given name binding is valid
variables ... The primary influences on Common Lisp were Lisp Machine Lisp, MacLisp, NIL, S-1 Lisp, Spice Lisp, and Scheme. "Programming Language ISLISP,
Scope_(computer_programming)
Programming language
Common Lisp is a programming language with an integrated development environment (IDE), developed by Franz Inc. It is a dialect of the language Lisp, a commercial
Allegro_Common_Lisp
Software that manages computer hardware resources
Microcontroller Network operating system Object-oriented operating system Lisp machine Operating System Projects System Commander System image Timeline of operating
Operating_system
Programming language
EuLisp is a statically and dynamically scoped Lisp dialect developed by a loose formation of industrial and academic Lisp users and developers from around
EuLisp
Workstation computer (1985–1989)
Daybreak was also sold as a Xerox 1186 workstation when configured as a Lisp machine. Xerox also produced the Xerox Encryption Unit, intended to "sit atop
Xerox_Daybreak
American poet
related to the programming language Lisp, and especially Common Lisp. His best known work was a 1990 essay "Lisp: Good News, Bad News, How to Win Big"
Richard_P._Gabriel
American computer scientist (1928–2016)
Knowledge Machine. He was one of the principals for the One Laptop Per Child initiative to manufacture and distribute The Children's Machine in developing
Seymour_Papert
Dialect of the Scheme programming language
are usually considered to be inherently more efficient than Lisp on conventional machine architectures. Much of this occurs via an optimizing compiler
T_(programming_language)
1962 display hack
produce intricate effects. Some of these, later (re)discovered on the LISP machine, have been christened munching triangles (using bitwise AND instead of
Munching_square
Emacs-style text editor
for most POSIX-compliant Unix systems. It follows the tradition of the Lisp Machine editor ZWEI and the ITS/TOPS-20 implementation of Emacs, but differs
Hemlock_(text_editor)
R6RS Scheme compiler and run-time
a dialect and implementation of the language Scheme which is a type of Lisp. It uses an incremental native-code compiler to produce native binary files
Chez_Scheme
Multics version of Emacs text editor
of Emacs to be written in the Lisp programming language, although the same claim has also been made for the Lisp Machine editors EINE and ZWEI, also written
Multics_Emacs
VAX LISP was an implementation of Common Lisp for VMS and ULTRIX on 32-bit VAXs. It was the first Common Lisp to be written for non-Lisp machines. It
VAX_Common_Lisp
Collection of definitions from computer subcultures
MIT AI Lab, the Stanford AI Lab (SAIL) and others of the old ARPANET AI/LISP/PDP-10 communities, including Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN), Carnegie Mellon
Jargon_File
Computer programming paradigm
Hardware support for other types of programming is possible, like Lisp machines or Java processors, but no attempt was commercially successful.[contradictory]
Procedural_programming
Lisp-like programming language
as More Datatypes than Lisp or MIT Design Language[citation needed]) is a programming language, a descendant of the language Lisp. Its initial purpose was
MDL_(programming_language)
Local area networking technology
of packet-based computer communication protocols intended to connect Lisp machines, which had been recently developed and were very popular at MIT; the
Chaosnet
Application layer protocol for e-mail retrieval and storage
The original Interim Mail Access Protocol was implemented as a Xerox Lisp Machine client and a TOPS-20 server. No copies of the original interim protocol
Internet Message Access Protocol
Internet_Message_Access_Protocol
British computer scientist
scientist. He worked on the first implementation of the programming language Lisp. He became an authority on the topics of fairness, program schemas and bisimulation
David Park (computer scientist)
David_Park_(computer_scientist)
Programming language dialect
SKILL is a Lisp dialect used as a scripting language and PCell (parameterized cells) description language used in many electronic design automation (EDA)
Cadence_SKILL
LISP MACHINE
LISP MACHINE
Boy/Male
French Latin
Lisp, stutter.
Female
English
 Variant spelling of English Liza, LISA means "God is my oath." Compare with another form of Lisa.
Boy/Male
French Latin
Lisp, stutter.
Boy/Male
Native American
Salmon's head rising above water.
Boy/Male
French Latin
Lisp, stutter.
Female
English
Short form of English Elisabeth, LIS means "God is my oath."Â
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Cunning.
Girl/Female
Danish American German Hebrew Greek French
Girl/Female
German American Hebrew Greek English
Devoted to God.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : unexplained. Probably a shortened form of northern Irish and Scottish McLeish.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Lips
Boy/Male
French Latin
Lisp, stutter.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : unexplained. The name has been recorded in Glastonbury, Somerset, since 1705.Perhaps a variant of Czech LiÅ¡ka, (see Liska), Slovak LÃÅ¡ka, or German Liske.
Male
Native American
Native American Miwok name LISE means "salmon head rising above water." Compare with feminine Lise.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic nickname for someone with large lips or with some deformity of the lips, from Middle English lippe (Old English lippa).English : perhaps from a Middle English personal name, Leppe or Lippe, apparently a short form of an Old English personal name formed with Lēof- ‘dear’, such as Lēofsige, Lēofstan.German : from a pet form of the personal name Philipp (see Philip).
Female
French
French form of German Elise, ÉLISE means "God is my oath."Â
Female
Italian
 Short form of Italian Elisabetta, LISA means "God is my oath." Compare with another form of Lisa.
Boy/Male
French Latin
Lisp, stutter.
Girl/Female
Arabic
Lips
Female
Norwegian
Danish and Norwegian form of German Liese, LISE means "God is my oath."Â Compare with masculine Lise.
LISP MACHINE
LISP MACHINE
Girl/Female
German, Greek
From the High Tower; Place Name
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Church's Meadow
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, French
From the Town Near the Sea
Boy/Male
Italian Polish Celtic
Present.
Boy/Male
English Welsh
Leader. Lion-like.
Girl/Female
Tamil
th Nakshathra
Boy/Male
Greek
Descended from Atreus.
Boy/Male
Celtic English American
Noble; white.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Husband
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
God Sivan
LISP MACHINE
LISP MACHINE
LISP MACHINE
LISP MACHINE
LISP MACHINE
imp. & p. p.
of Lisp
n.
The habit or act of lisping. See Lisp, v. i., 1.
a.
Having a lip or lips; having a raised or rounded edge resembling the lip; -- often used in composition; as, thick-lipped, thin-lipped, etc.
v. t.
To cover with list, or with strips of cloth; to put list on; as, to list a door; to stripe as if with list.
n. pl.
Lips.
v. t.
To brush or dress, an with a wisp.
n.
An inclination to one side; as, the ship has a list to starboard.
pl.
of Fleur-de-lis
v. t.
To enroll; to place or register in a list.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Lisp
n.
A roll or catalogue, that is row or line; a record of names; as, a list of names, books, articles; a list of ratable estate.
v. t.
To speak with reserve or concealment; to utter timidly or confidentially; as, to lisp treason.
v. i.
To lisp.
n.
An edge of an opening; a thin projecting part of anything; a kind of short open spout; as, the lip of a vessel.
v. t.
To pronounce with a lisp.
v. t.
To cut away a narrow strip, as of sapwood, from the edge of; as, to list a board.
v. t.
To touch with the lips; to put the lips to; hence, to kiss.
a.
Lacking stiffness; flimsy; as, a limp cravat.
n.
A Will-o'-the-wisp; an ignis fatuus.
v. t.
To inclose for combat; as, to list a field.