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Former eastern regions of Poland
Eastern Borderlands (Polish: Kresy Wschodnie), often simply Borderlands (Polish: Kresy, Polish pronunciation: [ˈkrɛsɨ]) was a historical region of the
Kresy
Topics referred to by the same term
Kresy is the short form of the term "Kresy Wschodnie", former Polish Eastern borderlands. Kresy may also refer to the following villages: Kresy, Łódź
Kresy_(disambiguation)
Topics referred to by the same term
Kresy dialects of Polish: Northern Borderlands dialect Southern Borderlands dialect This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title
Kresy_dialect
Polish irredentist national myth
The Kresy myth (Polish: mit Kresów) ('myth' in Polish sometimes not referring to a necessarily false belief as in English) also known as the Kresy Cult
Kresy_myth
Unit of Polish army in WW2
Uhlans Regiment smaller divisional units The division was named after the Kresy region (eastern borderlands of the Second Polish Republic). Stefan Orzechowski:
5th_Kresowa_Infantry_Division
Polish sports club
WCKS Kresy Tarnopol is a defunct Polish multi-sports club, which was located in Tarnopol, then in southeastern Poland; currently Ternopil, Ukraine. They
Kresy_Tarnopol
Post WWII resettlement
eastern half of prewar Poland (also known as the expulsions of Poles from the Kresy macroregion), were the forced migrations of Poles toward the end and in
Polish population transfers in 1944–1946
Polish_population_transfers_in_1944–1946
Unit of the Polish Army
The 46th Infantry Regiment (Polish: 46 Pułk Strzelców Kresowych, French: 4e Régiment d'Infanterie Polonaise), later the 5th Podhale Rifles Infantry Regiment
5th Podhale Rifles Infantry Regiment
5th_Podhale_Rifles_Infantry_Regiment
Western parts of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Western Borderlands (Polish: Kresy Zachodnie, Polish pronunciation: [ˈkrɛsɨ zaˈxɔdɲɛ]) is a term used to refer to the western parts of the Polish–Lithuanian
Western_Borderlands
Defunct Political Party Poland
Państwowe Zjednoczenie na Kresach (lit. 'State Unity in the Kresy', PZK) was a political party in Poland. Despite an endorsement by Chief of State Józef
Państwowe Zjednoczenie na Kresach
Państwowe_Zjednoczenie_na_Kresach
Country in Central Europe
killed by Soviets during the Soviet Union's occupation of eastern Poland (Kresy). Similarly, German planners had in November 1939 called for "the complete
Poland
Civil uprising in 15th century Moscow
Moscow". Kresy - wiadomości, wydarzenia, aktualności, newsy (in Polish). 2014-03-29. Retrieved 2025-12-29. "How Poles burned Moscow". Kresy - wiadomości
Moscow_Uprising_(1611)
Overview of dialects of the Polish language
population movements. They are: Northern Kresy, spoken along the border between Lithuania and Belarus Southern Kresy, spoken in isolated pockets in Ukraine
Dialects_of_Polish
Unit of the Polish Army
Kresowa Cavalry Brigade (Polish: Kresowa Brygada Kawalerii) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period. It was organized on April 1, 1937
Kresowa_Cavalry_Brigade
Bear in the Polish army (1942–1963)
supporting and publicizing historical projects around the world. "Kresy-Siberia Virtual Museum". kresy-siberia.org. 2014. Archived from the original on 30 July
Wojtek
1939 Soviet Union invasion of Poland
War, the Soviet Union entered the eastern regions of Poland (known as the Kresy) and annexed territories totalling 201,015 square kilometres (77,612 sq mi)
Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union
Territories_of_Poland_annexed_by_the_Soviet_Union
Settlement in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland
Kresy [ˈkrɛsɨ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Bargłów Kościelny, within Augustów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern
Kresy,_Podlaskie_Voivodeship
Concept in international relations among European countries
were originally from the Kresy region of eastern Poland including cities such as Lwów and Wilno. They had been deported from Kresy to the Soviet gulags when
Western_betrayal
Country in Eastern Europe
local autonomy as a way to minimise Soviet influence in Poland's eastern Kresy region. However, this approach was abandoned after Piłsudski's death in
Ukraine
1945 border agreement
officially accepted the ceding its pre-war Eastern territory to the USSR (Kresy) which was decided earlier in Yalta already. Some of the territory along
Polish–Soviet border agreement of August 1945
Polish–Soviet_border_agreement_of_August_1945
Settlement in Masovian Voivodeship, Poland
Zatorowizna-Kresy [zatɔrɔˈvizna ˈkrɛsɨ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Lubowidz, within Żuromin County, Masovian Voivodeship
Zatorowizna-Kresy
Treaty between West Germany and Poland
compensation for the former Polish territory east of the Curzon Line ("Kresy"), which had been annexed by the Soviet Union in 1939. In West Germany,
Treaty_of_Warsaw_(1970)
Country in Eastern Europe
Curzon Line. Byelorus gained territory to the west: the formerly Polish Kresy. Joseph Stalin implemented a policy of Sovietisation to isolate the Byelorussian
Belarus
Historical region of Belarus
before the 1939 invasion of Poland, it was the northern part of the Polish Kresy macroregion. Following the end of World War II in Europe, most of Western
Western_Belorussia
Village in Łódź Voivodeship, Poland
Kresy [ˈkrɛsɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złoczew, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. "Główny Urząd
Kresy,_Łódź_Voivodeship
Polish minority, and the memory of the Polish Kresy is still cultivated. The attachment to the "myth of Kresy", the vision of the region as a peaceful, idyllic
List of irredentist claims or disputes
List_of_irredentist_claims_or_disputes
Polish footballer (1928–1981)
footballer who played as a forward. Kokot started his career playing with Kresy Chorzów and Bergknappen Chorzów during his youth years, with the latter
Alfred_Kokot
1694 battle of the Polish–Ottoman War
Foundation page about "400" comic book "Hodów 1694 – Kresy – Portal Społeczności Kresowej". kresy.pl. 17 October 2012. Archived from the original on 16
Battle_of_Hodów
(link) Waligóra 1938, p. 40. Waligóra 1938, p. 41. "Self-defense in the Kresy (September 1918 – January 1919)" [Samoobrona Kresów (IX 1918 - I 1919)]
Self-Defence of Lithuania and Belarus
Self-Defence_of_Lithuania_and_Belarus
Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
were originally from the Kresy region of eastern Poland including cities such as Lwów and Wilno. They had been deported from Kresy to the Soviet gulags when
Polish_Resettlement_Act_1947
Urban-type settlement in Brest Region, Belarus
and Russia. Between the two world wars, western Polesia was part of the Kresy region of Poland. Within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Antopal was part
Antopal
Period of Poles Repatriation
of Poles living in the territories annexed by the Soviet Union (known as Kresy Wschodnie) took place in 1955–1959. The widely used term repatriation, promoted
Repatriation of Poles (1955–1959)
Repatriation_of_Poles_(1955–1959)
Polish historian and museum director
believer in reconciliation of the various Christian denominations among the Kresy borderlands. Cywiński spent his childhood in Warsaw. Between 1982 and 1993
Piotr_Cywiński
Ukrainian- and Belarusian-language vernacular forms
or language spoken at home by the Tutejszy in the historical region of Kresy, which covers parts of modern Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania and a bit of Latvia
Simple_speech
had already arrested and imprisoned about 500,000 Polish nationals in the Kresy macroregion including civic officials, military personnel and all other
Soviet repressions of Polish citizens (1939–1946)
Soviet_repressions_of_Polish_citizens_(1939–1946)
1939 neutrality pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union
of eastern Poland. Eleven days after the Soviet invasion of the Polish Kresy, the secret protocol of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact was modified by the
Molotov–Ribbentrop_Pact
1921 treaty which ended the Polish-Soviet War
1772 First Partition of Poland, recovering only those eastern regions (Kresy) lost to Russia in the 1795 Third Partition. Russia and Ukraine agreed to
Treaty_of_Riga
Sound change in Slavic languages
Rhodope dialects, including the Smolyan dialect). Polish dialects (Podlasie, Kresy) In Belarusian аканне (akanne), both non-softened and softened /o/ and /a/
Akanye
Polish political movement
Lithuanian and Ukrainian) populations in Poland's eastern border regions (the Kresy). With the end of World War II, the occupation of the country by the Soviet
National_Democracy_(Poland)
Proposed country during World War I
Hellenoturkism Historic recurrence Intermarium (region) Intermediate Region Kresy Limitrophe states List of proposed state mergers Lithuanian–Polish–Ukrainian
Intermarium
compared to its 1939 borders. The prewar eastern Polish territories of Kresy, which the Red Army had overrun during the Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland
Territorial changes of Poland immediately after World War II
Territorial_changes_of_Poland_immediately_after_World_War_II
Polish poet and geographer
survives. Pol was probably first to introduce into Polish literature the term "Kresy" to describe the territories lying near the eastern frontiers of the Polish–Lithuanian
Wincenty_Pol
City in Rivne Oblast, Ukraine
KOP, and the Polish Army, with the 43rd Rifle Regiment (part of the 13th Kresy Infantry Division), and the 2nd Regiment of Mounted Artillery (part of Volhynian
Dubno
Tsaritsa of Russia in 1606
Elżbieta Sieniawska Izabela Czartoryska "Laszki Murowane". Dawne Kresy (Former Kresy) (in Polish). Retrieved 2010-02-09. Perrie, Maureen (2010). "Mikhail
Marina_Mniszech
Ukrainian nationalist flag
poszukuje sprawców". "Banderowska flaga we Wrocławiu. Interweniowała policja » Kresy - wiadomości, wydarzenia, aktualności, newsy". 6 April 2022. https://www
Flag of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army
Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army
2016 Polish film
Retrieved 4 October 2016. "TVP przekazuje milion złotych na film "Wołyń"". kresy.pl. 28 May 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2016. dkaw (23 September 2016). "Festiwal
Volhynia_(film)
City and administrative center of Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine
bot: original URL status unknown (link) Olszański, Tadeusz A. (2013). "Kresy Zachodnie. Miejsce Galicji Wschodniej i Wołynia w państwie ukraińskim" (PDF)
Ternopil
1937–38 Soviet ethnic cleansing of Poles
Polish, but not all, with some belonging to various minority groups from the Kresy macro-region, for instance, Ruthenians; these groups in the Soviet worldview
Polish_Operation_of_the_NKVD
Political boundaries between Poland and neighboring territories
Poland's old and new borders, 1945 (Kresy in gray)
Borders_of_Poland
Ideology promoting the nation-state
multi-ethnicism and Polish rule over numerous minority groups such as those in the Kresy. The Jagiellon Concept was the official policy of the government in the
Nationalism
(1939). History of the Ukraine. University of Michigan: Institute Press. p. 303. Marek A. Koprowski (2013). Kresy. SBM. p. 37. ISBN 978-83-7845-351-2.
Crimean_campaign_(1667)
Bilateral relations
Produktivität in den Kresy sowie in den ehemaligen deutschen Ostgebieten an. Im Artikel wird ermittelt, dass das Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) der Kresy etwa 9,4 Milliarden
Germany–Poland_relations
Bi-confederate monarchy in Europe (1569–1795)
Commonwealth as mostly plains. The Commonwealth's southeastern part, the Kresy, was famous for its steppes. The Carpathian Mountains formed part of the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth
Former village in Rivne Oblast, Ukraine
liquidated during the Polish population transfers after World War II, when the Kresy macroregion was formally incorporated into the Soviet Union (as agreed at
Pańska_Dolina
1943–1944 clashes in Poland
"Zasmyki". Historia na mapie, Kresy, Syberia, Deportacje Polaków, Zsyłki, Miejsca pamięci (in Polish). Retrieved 2025-05-03. "Moje Kresy. Zasmyki - kolebka 27
Defence_of_Zasmyki
Polish pro-European political movement
July 2025. "Niemcy protestują przeciwko polskim kontrolom granicznym » Kresy - wiadomości, wydarzenia, aktualności, newsy". 19 July 2025. "Piknik Obywatelski
Volt_Poland
Former eastern territories of Germany that became parts of Poland
(Polish: Ziemie Odzyskane), also known as the Western Borderlands (Polish: Kresy Zachodnie), and previously as the Western and Northern Territories (Polish:
Recovered_Territories
Polish people exiled to Siberia
backgrounds from the Eastern Borderlands of Poland known as Kresy Wschodnie Kresy-Siberia.org Kresy-Siberia Foundation and Virtual Museum dedicated to research
Sybirak
Short-lived autonomous region and unrecognized state (1938–1939)
Nationalists outside the Rusyn capital, Uzhhorod. Poland had felt its southeastern Kresy threatened by the sich, while Hungary wished to regain Carpathian Rus, which
Carpatho-Ukraine
Polish politician
Majchrowskiego mimo zarzutów. Prokurator, która je postawiła, poza zawodem » Kresy - wiadomości, wydarzenia, aktualności, newsy". July 26, 2025. v t e
Jacek_Majchrowski
Village in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland
Bargłówka Barszcze Brzozówka Bułkowizna Dreństwo Górskie Judziki Komorniki Kresy Kroszewo Kroszówka Kukowo Łabętnik Lipowo Nowa Kamionka Nowiny Bargłowskie
Stara Kamionka, Augustów County
Stara_Kamionka,_Augustów_County
Village in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland
Bargłówka Barszcze Brzozówka Bułkowizna Dreństwo Górskie Judziki Komorniki Kresy Kroszewo Kroszówka Kukowo Łabętnik Lipowo Nowa Kamionka Nowiny Bargłowskie
Stare_Nowiny
Village in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland
Bargłówka Barszcze Brzozówka Bułkowizna Dreństwo Górskie Judziki Komorniki Kresy Kroszewo Kroszówka Kukowo Łabętnik Lipowo Nowa Kamionka Nowiny Bargłowskie
Pruska
Polish settlers in Western Belarus and Western Ukraine
the Polish Army and civilians who were given or sold state land in the Kresy (current Western Belarus and Western Ukraine) territory ceded to Poland
Osadnik
1939 revolt in Nowogródek Voivodeship, Second Polish Republic (now Belarus)
(2007). Western Belarus in September 1939 – Polish-Jewish Relations in the kresy. Leipziger Universitätsverlag. pp. 139–140. ISBN 978-3865832405. Retrieved
Skidel_revolt
Polish aristocrat and politician
afterwards earned a degree as an engineer. He was a conservative activist from Kresy, and worked with the German installed Regency Council and Józef Piłsudski
Eustachy_Sapieha
Eastern territories lost by Germany after World War II in Europe
lands to Poland was done in large part to compensate Poland for losing the Kresy lands east of the Curzon line, a region that was annexed by the Soviet Union
Former eastern territories of Germany
Former_eastern_territories_of_Germany
Village in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland
Bargłówka Barszcze Brzozówka Bułkowizna Dreństwo Górskie Judziki Komorniki Kresy Kroszewo Kroszówka Kukowo Łabętnik Lipowo Nowa Kamionka Nowiny Bargłowskie
Brzozówka, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Brzozówka,_Podlaskie_Voivodeship
Village in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland
Bargłówka Barszcze Brzozówka Bułkowizna Dreństwo Górskie Judziki Komorniki Kresy Kroszewo Kroszówka Kukowo Łabętnik Lipowo Nowa Kamionka Nowiny Bargłowskie
Pomiany, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Pomiany,_Podlaskie_Voivodeship
1920 battle in the Polish-Soviet War
Volodarka, Berezno and Novokhvastiv. The area was defended by the Polish 44th Kresy Rifle Regiment, 16th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment, elements of the 1st
Battle_of_Wołodarka
National minority in Poland
the Republics of the Soviet Union. At the same time, many Poles from the Kresy area were forcibly[dubious – discuss] repatriated west to the "Recovered
Lithuanian_minority_in_Poland
and the expulsion and resettlement of Poles from the Eastern Borderlands (Kresy), Poland became for the first time in its history an ethnically homogeneous
History_of_Poland_(1945–1989)
2008 documentary television series
should keep his gains of the Nazi-Soviet Pact, including Poland's prewar Kresy (eastern borderlands); the Polish population transfers (1944–1946); and
World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West
World_War_II_Behind_Closed_Doors:_Stalin,_the_Nazis_and_the_West
1918 Eastern Front battle of World War I
Michalik. 1994. p. 329. ISBN 978-83-86079-02-5. Retrieved 15 November 2012. Kresy wschodnie Rzeczypospolitej w obronie polskości. Muzeum Niepodległosći. 1999
Battle_of_Kaniów
Former shtetl in Wołyń Voivodeship, Ukraine
in the Peace of Riga, and it became part of the Wołyń Voivodeship in the Kresy Borderlands. Most of the population were engaged in agriculture, dairy farming
Trochenbrod
and Renaissance urban complexes in Europe. Meanwhile, the legacy of the Kresy Marchlands of Poland's eastern regions with Wilno and Lwów (now Vilnius
Culture_of_Poland
Polish footballer
sides before joining Kresy Chorzów and playing with the club during the outbreak of World War II. After the war he returned back to Kresy Chorzów before shortly
Józef_Pokorski
Battle of Polish-Soviet War
98. ISBN 978-83-7072-650-8. Wyszczelski, Lech (2013). Wojna o polskie Kresy 1918-1921: walki z czerwoną Rosją, Ukraińcami i Litwinami. Historia. Warszawa:
Battle_of_Pinsk
Polish cultural foundation, publishing house, archival institute and research centre
the ethnic cleansing of the Polish population of the Eastern Borderlands (Kresy) after the annexation of one-third of Poland's landmass in 1939, much of
Ossolineum
World War II, Poland lost 77,000 km2 (30,000 sq mi) of eastern regions (Kresy), gaining instead the smaller but much more industrialized so-called "Regained
Subdivisions of the Polish People's Republic
Subdivisions_of_the_Polish_People's_Republic
1945 WWII allied discussion of postwar reorganization
Poland's old and new borders, 1945 – Kresy in light red
Yalta_Conference
Polish poet, author, and lawyer (1898–1966)
spent a lot of his childhood traveling around Poland's eastern regions ("Kresy") with his family. He lived in Kiev, then in Warsaw, and later in Saint
Jan_Brzechwa
Roman Catholic martyrs
the life of the town. In 1939, Nowogródek, located at that time in the Kresy-part of interwar Poland (nowadays central Belarus), was annexed by the Soviet
Martyrs_of_Nowogródek
Eastern-European town with a predominantly Jewish population
of a Jewish Community Towns in the Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Pre-1939 Kresy (now Ukraine) photo album Jewish Web Index – Polish Shtetls Archived 12
Shtetl
second wave of deportations by the Soviet occupational forces across the Kresy macroregion, affected 300,000 to 330,000 Poles, sent primarily to Kazakhstan
Evacuation of Polish civilians from the USSR in World War II
Evacuation_of_Polish_civilians_from_the_USSR_in_World_War_II
World War II event
annexation, the Soviets arrested approximately 100,000 Polish citizens across Kresy. Due to a lack of access to the secret Soviet and Belarusian archives, for
Soviet annexation of Western Belorussia
Soviet_annexation_of_Western_Belorussia
Village in Masovian Voivodeship, Poland
Grunt Syberia Syberia-Wapniska Sztok Toruniak Wronka Wylazłowo Żarnówka Zatorowizna Zatorowizna-Kresy Zdrojki-Chojnowo Zdrojki-Piegowo Żelaźnia Zieluń
Zatorowizna
Conflict in eastern Europe
occupy much of the Ukraine Коляда 2012, p. 34. Marek A. Koprowski (2013). Kresy. SBM. p. 37. ISBN 978-83-7845-351-2. Podhorodecki, Leszek (2010). Tatarzy
Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–1671)
Polish–Cossack–Tatar_War_(1666–1671)
Soviet double agent (1923–1982)
in partisan operations. In October 1943 he was parachuted into occupied Kresy to assist partisans, but the German Wehrmacht arrested him, and he was taken
Aleksander_Kopatzky
German–Polish border since the end of World War II
statehood during partitions: Congress Poland/Vistula Land Galician autonomy Kresy Wschodnie ("Eastern Borderlands") Taken Lands (remainder of Russian partition
Oder–Neisse_line
Polish economist and WWII veteran
tanks that had been captured from the Germans. Micuta was born to a Polish Kresy family in Petrograd, Russia. He was the son of Leonard Micuta (1885-1916)
Wacław_Micuta
lesser extent Ukrainians were perpetrated in western Ukraine (prewar Polish Kresy) from 1943. The Ukrainian Insurgent Army participated. In September 1939
History_of_Poland_(1939–1945)
Polish state from 1944 to 1989
provinces gained by Poland were economically better developed than the lost Kresy. A recent proposal for a macroeconomic calculation of the economic consequences
Polish_People's_Republic
1939–1947 ethnic conflict
Czechoslovak armed formations. Fighting was concentrated in south-eastern Kresy region (today Western Ukraine) of the German-occupied Second Polish Republic
Polish–Ukrainian conflict (1939–1947)
Polish–Ukrainian_conflict_(1939–1947)
repatriations in Poland. At first, PUR oversaw repatriations of Poles from Kresy, and from 1945, expulsion of Germans from Regained Territories. Also, in
State_Repatriation_Office
Polish mathematician (1905–1982)
2024. Karol Borsuk at the Mathematics Genealogy Project Magdalena Bajer. "Kresy, góry, Warszawa". forumakad.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on
Karol_Borsuk
Town in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland
Lubaczów. Poland became a communist country aligned with the Soviet Union. Kresy Museum (Polish: Muzeum Kresów) St. Nicolaus Orthodox church, Historical
Lubaczów
Village in Łódź Voivodeship, Poland
Wielki-Leśniczówka Gronówek Jaryszek Jaźwiny Jeże Kamasówka Kamasze Kita Koźliny Kresy Krzyżanka Łagiewniki Łeszczyn Lipiny Ługi Miklesz Miklesz-Kolonia Młyn Napłatek
Napłatek
Polish poet and writer
the hypocrisy prevalent in the capital, and retired back to the Polish Kresy (Eastern Borderlands) countryside, by then under the Austrian partition
Franciszek_Karpiński
Forced-labor workers in Nazi Germany
invasion of the Soviet Union and not included in the General Government (see Kresy) were treated as Ostarbeiters. The history of Polish Zivilarbeiters dates
Zivilarbeiter
KRESY
KRESY
KRESY
KRESY
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Rejoice.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Matchless or incomparable
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from any of various places in northern France called Grainville, from the Germanic personal name Guarin (see Waring) + Old French ville ‘settlement’.
Boy/Male
Welsh
Variant of a Gaelic name anglicized as John.
Girl/Female
British, English, German
Powerful Battler
Girl/Female
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Perfect
Male
Greek
(ΣπÏÏος) Pet form of Greek Spyridon, SPYROS means "spirit."
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Enthusiasm; Zeal
Boy/Male
Tamil
Light, Lustrous, Power
Girl/Female
Hindu
Intelligent
KRESY
KRESY
KRESY
KRESY
KRESY