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Symbols of the Indus Valley Civilisation
The Indus script, also known as the Harappan script and the Indus Valley script, is a corpus of symbols produced by the Indus Valley Civilisation. Most
Indus_script
Ancient script of Central and South Asia
for a continuity between Indus and Brahmi has also been seen in graphic similarities between Brahmi and the late Indus script, where the ten most common
Brahmi_script
Bronze Age civilisation in South Asia
culture is being considered for merging. › The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation, was a Bronze Age civilisation in
Indus_Valley_Civilisation
Language of the Bronze Age civilization of the Indus Valley
also known as the Indus language, is the unknown language or languages of the Bronze Age (c. 3300 to 1300 BC) Harappan civilization (Indus Valley civilization
Harappan_language
Ancient Indian scripts
many scripts which largely have common roots. The Indus script (also known as the Harappan script) is a corpus of symbols produced by the Indus Valley
Ancient scripts of the Indian subcontinent
Ancient_scripts_of_the_Indian_subcontinent
B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus. Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2003. ISBN 9781588390431. The Indus Script. Text, Concordance And Tables Iravathan
Religion of the Indus Valley Civilisation
Religion_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilisation
River in Asia
Only 40 Indus Valley sites have been discovered on the Indus and its tributaries. However, it is notable that majority of the Indus script seals and
Indus_River
Indian epigraphist (1930–2018)
of the Indus Script Via the Rig Veda: A Case Study. Indus Research Centre, Roja Muthiah Research Library. "Dravidian Proof of the Indus Script via the
Iravatham_Mahadevan
Archaeological site in Punjab, Pakistan
(2008). The Ancient Indus Valley New Perspectives. Routledge. p. 94. ISBN 978-1-57607-907-2. Mcintosh, Jane (2008). The Ancient Indus Valley New Perspectives
Harappa
Writing systems and symbol systems without a generally accepted decipherment
several items listed here (including the Indus script, the Phaistos Disc, and the Isthmian/Epi-Olmec script), but these proposals remain disputed and
Undeciphered_writing_systems
undetermined. Byblos syllabary – the city of Byblos Indus script – Indus Valley civilization Isthmian script (apparently logosyllabic). Neolithic signs in China
List_of_writing_systems
Indus Valley Civilisation site in Gujarat, India
Brahmana and Shulba Sutrass". Painted Indus black-on-red-ware pottery, square stamp seals, seals without Indus script, a huge signboard measuring about 3 m
Dholavira
Finnish Indologist (born 1941)
University of Helsinki. He specializes in the Indus Valley Civilization, specifically the study of the Indus script. Parpola is a brother of the Akkadian language
Asko_Parpola
Most houses of Indus Valley were made from mud, dried mud bricks, or clay bricks of a standardised size. The urban areas of the Indus Valley civilization
Sanitation of the Indus Valley Civilisation
Sanitation_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilisation
Family of abugida writing systems
braille assignments of Indian languages Indus script – symbols produced by the Indus Valley Civilisation Indian Script Code for Information Interchange (ISCII)
Brahmic_scripts
Indus–Mesopotamia relations Indus–Mesopotamia relations are thought to have developed during the second half of the 3rd millennium BCE, until they came
Indo-Mesopotamia_relations
Indian archaeologist (1922–2013)
Indus script has met with considerable acceptance and will serve now as a basis for further and continuing study of the language of the ancient Indus
Shikaripura_Ranganatha_Rao
Language family
proto-Dravidian. An Indus valley origin would be consistent with the location of Brahui and with attempts to interpret the Indus script as Dravidian. However
Dravidian_languages
Persistent representation of language
to include phonemic elements. The Indus Valley civilization developed a form of writing known as the Indus script c. 2600 BC, although its precise nature
Writing
inventions and discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilisation lists the technological and civilisational achievements of the Indus Valley Civilisation, an ancient
List of inventions and discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilisation
List_of_inventions_and_discoveries_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilisation
Symbols that communicate ideas but not language
Age.[citation needed] The Indus script is a symbol system that emerged during the end of the 4th millennium BC in the Indus Valley Civilisation. With
Proto-writing
South Asian ethnolinguistic group
connected with the Indus Valley Civilisation, hence people and language spread east and southwards after the demise of the Indus Valley Civilisation
Dravidian_peoples
Overview of the Indian subcontinent during the Bronze Age
Periodisation of the Indus Valley civilisation Iron Age in India Indus Valley Civilisation Indus script Subramaniam, T. S. (May 1, 2006). ""Discovery of a century"
Bronze_Age_India
Pvt. ISBN 978-81-7335-498-4. "Indus River Valley civilizations (Article)". Iravatham Mahadevan, 1977, The Indus Script: Text, Concordance and Tables,
List of Indus Valley Civilisation sites
List_of_Indus_Valley_Civilisation_sites
Ancient city in Iran
Impression of an Indus cylinder seal discovered in Susa, in strata dated to 2400–2100 BC. Elongated buffalo with line of standard Indus script signs. Tell
Susa
Convention of symbols representing language
attempting to write it. The Indus script (c. 2600 – c. 2000 BC), found on different types of artefacts produced by the Indus Valley Civilization on the
Writing_system
Ancient Indian script
Kannada and Malayalam. Related topics Brahmi script Indus script Kharosthi script Kohi script Tamil script Other similar topics Early Indian epigraphy
Lipi_(script)
German-American philologist (born 1943)
decipherments of Indus inscriptions such as that of N.S. Rajaram. Witzel has questioned the linguistic nature of the so-called Indus script (Farmer, Sproat
Michael_Witzel
Steatite seal discovered at Mohenjo-daro
curved horns almost meet in the centre. At the top of the seal are seven Indus script symbols, with the last apparently displaced downwards for lack of horizontal
Pashupati_seal
Archaeological site in Sindh, Pakistan
bank of the lower Indus river in Larkana District, Sindh, Pakistan. It lies on a Pleistocene ridge in the flood plain of the Indus, around 28 kilometres
Mohenjo-daro
Indian academic
on the decipherment of the Indus script. By comparing the entropy of the Indus script with entropies of linguistic scripts such as those for Sumerian
Rajesh_P._N._Rao
Ancient markings in the Indian subcontinent
had their counterparts amongst the Indus script. He concluded that there was a commonness of culture between the Indus Valley Civilisation and the later
Megalithic_graffiti_symbols
geometric designs, although lacking the Indus script which characterized the preceding phase of the civilization. Script is rare and confined to potsherd inscriptions
Jhukar_phase
Geographical region inhabited by the ancient Tamil people
Mahadevan, Iravatham (2009). "Meluhha and Agastya : Alpha and Omega of the Indus Script" (PDF). Chennai, India. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7
Tamilakam
Locations where civilization emerged
the Indus Valley of South Asia around 3,300 BC are the earliest instances, followed by Chinese proto-writing evolving into the oracle bone script, and
Cradle_of_civilization
Indus Valley Civilisation bronze sculpture
bronze sculpture made in lost-wax casting around c. 2300–1750 BC in the Indus Valley Civilisation city of Mohenjo-daro (in modern-day Pakistan), which
Dancing Girl (prehistoric sculpture)
Dancing_Girl_(prehistoric_sculpture)
Dravidian ethnic group in Pakistan
version of the same event. Asko Parpola states in his book Deciphering the Indus Script that the Brahvi people are remnants of the Harappan culture, the language
Brahvis
Form of writing, left-to-right and right-to-left in alternate lines
direction. The Avoiuli script used on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu is written boustrophedonically by design. The Indus script, though still undeciphered
Boustrophedon
Religion in the Indian state
ISBN 978-3-11-080410-2. Mahadevan, Iravatham (2006). A Note on the Muruku Sign of the Indus Script in light of the Mayiladuthurai Stone Axe Discovery. Harappa. Archived
Religion_in_Tamil_Nadu
Ancient Indo-Aryan language of South Asia, mainly Indian subcontinent
earliest possible script from South Asia is from the Indus Valley civilization (3rd/2nd millennium BCE), but this script – if it is a script – remains undeciphered
Sanskrit
History of South Asian writing systems
linguistic information, there is substantially older epigraphy in the Indus script, which dates back to the mid 4th millennium BCE. Two other important
Early_Indian_epigraphy
Religions that originated on the Indian subcontinent
evidence, which is open to varying interpretations, and the fact that the Indus script remains undeciphered, the conclusions are partly speculative and largely
Indian_religions
Writing system specifically created by an individual or group
hieroglyphs, the Chinese script and the Mayan script, with ongoing debate as to whether the hitherto-undeciphered Indus script and Rongorongo are true
Constructed_writing_system
compared to the Mesopotamian bull-man Enkidu. Indus Valley Civilisation seal. Swastika Seals from the Indus Valley Civilization preserved at the British
History_of_Hinduism
Trading colony of the Indus Valley Civilization established around 2000 BC
Afghanistan where a trading colony of the Indus cities has been discovered at Shortughai. Situated far from the Indus Valley itself, this settlement may have
Shortugai
Prehistoric eras of the Indus Valley Civilisation
periodisations are employed for the periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation. While the Indus Valley Civilisation was divided into Early, Mature, and
Periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation
Periodisation_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilisation
Indian caste
ISBN 9788185163420. Iravatham Mahadevan. "Meluhha and Agastya: Alpha and Omega of the Indus Script" (PDF). p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2011. Retrieved
Vellalar
Topics referred to by the same term
Indus, a Pakistani airline Indus Air, a defunct Indian airline Indus Airways, a domestic air carrier based in Delhi, India IndUS Aviation, a Texas-based
Indus_(disambiguation)
used on message sticks. The Indus script (c. 2600 – c. 2000 BC), found on different types of artefacts produced by the Indus Valley Civilization on the
History_of_writing
All known writing up to 300 CE
Sanskrit (Vedic Sanskrit and Classical Sanskrit) Indus script (3,800 items, c.20,000 characters) Brahmi script Old Tamil Early Indian epigraphy and Indian
Ancient_text_corpora
Prehistoric period: Copper Age
pp. 136, 137. ISBN 0-8139-2085-X. Parpola, Asko (2005). "Study of the Indus script" (PDF). Transactions. 50th International Conference of Eastern Studies
Chalcolithic
Fall of a complex human society
Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley Civilization. The dramatic shift in climate is known as the 4.2-kiloyear event. The highly advanced Indus Valley Civilization
Societal_collapse
Society lacking state-like organization
interpreted as ritual complexes. Additionally, recent interpretations of the Indus Script and Harappan stamps indicate that there was a somewhat centralised system
Stateless_society
State in southern India
rudimentary script dated to 5th century BCE. Potsherds uncovered from Keeladi indicate a script which might be a transition between the Indus Valley script and
Tamil_Nadu
Major deity in Hinduism
Parpola(2009), Deciphering the Indus Script, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0521795661, pp. 240–250 Possehl, Gregory L. (2002). The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary
Shiva
Prominent trading partner of Sumer during the Middle Bronze Age
Meluhhan people mentioned in Sumerian records. In his book Deciphering the Indus Script. Parpola states that the Brahui people of Pakistan are remnants of the
Meluhha
Migrations of Indo-Aryans into the Indian subcontinent
admixture of Iranian Farmer ancestry. The Indus Periphery Cline, associated with the population of the Indus Valley Civilisation, had a majority of Iranian
Indo-Aryan_migrations
Character from the Epic of Gilgamesh
India. p. 35. ISBN 9788131717530. Richter-Ushanas, Egbert (1997). The Indus Script and the Ṛg-Veda. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 123. ISBN 9788120814059
Enkidu
River Yamuna in Hindu texts and beliefs
California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-04098-4 Ushanas, Egbert Richter (1997), The Indus Script and the Ṛg-Veda, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-1405-9 Media related
Yamuna_in_Hinduism
Deity depicted with horns or antlers
from the Mediterranean to the Indus. Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2003. p. 403. ISBN 9781588390431. The Indus Script. Text, Concordance And Tables Iravathan
Horned_deity
Archeological site that predates the Indus Civilization
date (fig.6). Sothi Indus Valley Civilization List of Indus Valley Civilization sites List of inventions and discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilization
Kot_Diji
Greek mythological creature
Mediterranean to the Indus. Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 239–246. Parpola, Asko. Deciphering the Indus Script. Cambridge Univ. Press. "Indus Cylinder Seals"
Centaur
City in Sri Lanka
period in this region. The bronze Anaikoddai seal with Tamil-Brahmi and Indus script indicates a clan-based settlement of the last phase of the Iron Age in
Jaffna
Languages of Eurasia before the arrival of Indo-European languages
language not attested) Harappan language (not attested in readable script; see Indus script) Lullubi language Vedda language Burushaski language Dravidian
Pre-Indo-European_languages
Customary Hindu greeting
Machine National Museum of India (2012) Kalyanaraman, Srinivasan (2010). Indus Script Cipher. Srinivasan Kalyanaraman. pp. 234–236. ISBN 978-0-9828971-0-2
Namaste
Indian academic and Hindutva Ideologue (1943–2019)
from a scientific view-point, and claiming of having deciphered the Indus script. Academics find his scholarship to be composed of dishonest polemics
N._S._Rajaram
Emblem placed on products
in Understanding the Indus Script", Review of Archaeology. Vol. 16, No. 1 : 15–23.(1995). Asko Parpola, "Study of the Indus Script", p. 52. Paper read
Merchant's_mark
History based on a written record
symbols (c. 6600 BCE), Vinča signs (c. 5300 BCE), early Indus script (c. 3500 BCE) and Nsibidi script (c. before 500 CE). There is disagreement concerning
Recorded_history
a number of undeciphered Bronze Age records: the Proto-Elamite script the Indus script (speculated to record a "Harappan language") Cretan hieroglyphs
List of languages by first written account
List_of_languages_by_first_written_account
Period between prehistory and the medieval era
of hieroglyphs by about 3200 BC. By 2800 BC the Indus Valley Civilisation had developed its Indus script, which remains undeciphered. Chinese Characters
Ancient_history
Deified river mentioned in the Vedas and ancient Indian epics
Indus Valley Civilisation prospered when the monsoons that fed the rivers diminished around 5,000 years ago, and ISRO has observed that major Indus Valley
Saraswati_River
Caves and archaeological site in Kerala, India
wrong to presume that the Indus culture disappeared into thin air." Iravatham Mahadevan, a scholar of the Indus valley scripts said the findings were very
Edakkal_caves
Archaeological site in Haryana, India
Elam and Sumer). Indus Valley Civilisation related List of inventions and discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilization Rakhigarhi Indus Valley Civilisation
Rakhigarhi
Indo-Aryan language spoken in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Indus Kohistani or simply Kohistani (کوستَیں ژیب, Kōstaiñ) is an Dardic Indo-Aryan language of Kohistani group spoken by the Indus Kohistani people in
Indus_Kohistani_language
Austroasiatic language spoken in India
with Indus script in Echoes of Indus Valley. Sudhanshu Kumar Ray in his 'Indus Script' described that the script Warang Chiti resembles the script of Indus
Ho_language
subcontinent in the western margins of the Indus River alluvium approximately 9,000 years ago, evolving gradually into the Indus Valley Civilisation of the third
History_of_India
City in Sindh, Pakistan
Pakistan by population. It is home to the Indus Valley civilization site Mohenjo-daro. The historic Indus River flows in east and south of the city.
Larkana
Reconstructed common ancestor of the Dravidian languages
Fuls, Andreas (2015). "Proto-Dravidian and the Indus Script". The Archaeology and Epigraphy of Indus Writing. Archaeopress. pp. 77–99. ISBN 978-1-78491-046-4
Proto-Dravidian_language
Dravidian ethnic group
ISBN 978-3-11080-410-2. Mahadevan, Iravatham (2006). A Note on the Muruku Sign of the Indus Script in light of the Mayiladuthurai Stone Axe Discovery. Harappa. Archived
Tamils
Sarasvati Hieroglyphics as Evidenced by Two "Rosetta Stones" - Decoding Indus script as repertoire of the mints/smithy/mine-workers of Meluhha", Journal of
Tin sources and trade during antiquity
Tin_sources_and_trade_during_antiquity
Common seal die, used to impress an image into soft material
decrees. The Indus stamp-seals probably had a different function from the stamp seals of the Minoan civilization, as they typically have script characters
Stamp_seal
Blood sport between domesticated roosters
culture of the Indus Valley (2500–2100 BC) may have been the main source of diffusion throughout the world." Also, "Within the Indus Valley, indications
Cockfighting
King of Meluhha
only attested ruler of Meluhha. His kingdom has been identified with the Indus Valley Civilisation and so, the inscription might provide some insights
(..)ibra
Proposed language family
Harappan Civilization and Its Writing: A Model for the Decipherment of the Indus Script. BRILL. pp. 19–23. ISBN 978-81-204-0491-5. Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003)
Elamo-Dravidian_languages
line above contains three signs in Indus script and the line below contains three alphabets in the ancient Tamil script known as Tamil ... Akazhaan. "Eezham
Names_of_Sri_Lanka
original poetry. In his 1992 decipherment claim of the Indus script, he argues that the script is "based very largely on intuition, and this quality is
Egbert_Richter-Ushanas
Indian archaeologist and writer (born 1930)
writing, and Indus script, and proposed that Indus script encoded Sanskrit and a number of other languages. Rao theorized that Indus script consisted of
Krishna_Rao_(archaeologist)
International gathering
Mathematical Science, who were working on a mathematical model to relate the Indus script with the Dravidian language were involved in the debate. The theme song
World Classical Tamil Conference 2010
World_Classical_Tamil_Conference_2010
Town on the banks of the Ghaggar River in India
and discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilization Hydraulic engineering of the Indus Valley Civilization Sanitation of the Indus Valley Civilisation Periodisation
Kalibangan
Hindu tradition that worships Shiva
intended to represent a human figure. Other scholars state that the Indus Valley script remains undeciphered, and the interpretation of the Pashupati seal
Shaivism
Dravidian language
further analyzed by Iravatham Mahadevan in his attempts to decipher the Indus script. Several Telugu words, primarily personal and place names, were identified
Telugu_language
Form of hierarchical political organization in non-industrial societies
Harappan Civilization and Its Writing: A Model for the Decipherment of the Indus Script. E.J. Brill. p. 133. ISBN 978-81-204-0491-5. Avari, Burjor (2007). India
Chiefdom
South Asian ethnic group
or Dravidian or Neither? – A Study of Recent Attempts to Decipher the Indus Script (1995–2000)". Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies. 8 (1). ISSN 1084-7561
Sri_Lankan_Tamils
Hindu festival dedicated to the god Shiva
140-144. Kahoor, Khan, Shahbaig (19 July 2024). "Deciphering Indus script and Pashupati Seal of Indus Valley Civilization". SSRN 4900721. Archived from the original
Maha_Shivaratri
City in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan-administered Kashmir
confluence of the Indus and Shigar rivers. Skardu is an important gateway to the eight-thousanders of the nearby Karakoram mountain range. The Indus River running
Skardu
Bronze Age culture in northern Indian subcontinent
1300 BCE. It is regarded as a regional form of the late phase of the Harappan (Indus Valley) civilisation (alongside the Jhukar culture of Sindh and Rangpur
Cemetery_H_culture
Archaeological site in Tamil Nadu, India
obtained from the excavation site were said to be similar to the Indus Valley script by the excavators. Bisnupriya Basak questioned whether the sherds
Keezhadi_excavation_site
Archeological site in India
resembling the Indus script was found by a school teacher V. Shanmuganathan. The celt, a polished hand-held stone axe, has four Indus Valley signs on
Sembiyankandiyur
Timeline of Hindu mythology based on the Hindu Epics and the Puranas
1500 BCE. Some of them equate the Indus Valley Civilisation with the Vedic Civilisation, state that the Indus script was the progenitor of the Brahmi,
Epic-Puranic_chronology
Indian railway engineer, epigraphist, and historian
He also proposed that the Indus script is akin to the Assyrian cuneiform & both have developed from an ancient Indic script, which he called 'Pre-Ashokan
A._B._Walawalkar
INDUS SCRIPT
INDUS SCRIPT
Girl/Female
Hindu
Hindus God
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sikh
Sun
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Indus river
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Rajasthani
Holy Book of Hindus
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Holy Book of Hindus
Boy/Male
Hindu
A gotra of hindus
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
India; Star
Female
Hindi/Indian
(इनà¥à¤¦à¥) Hindi name derived from the Sanskrit word for the moon, INDU means "bright drop."
Girl/Female
Hindu
The Moon
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Telugu
Mercury; Planet
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil, Traditional
Holy Book of the Hindus
Girl/Female
Tamil
Jakshani | ஜகà¯à®·à®¾à®¨à¯€Â Â
Hindus God
Jakshani | ஜகà¯à®·à®¾à®¨à¯€Â Â
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Muslim, Pashtun
The Indus River
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Telugu
Moon; Lord Chandra (Moon)
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Winders.
Boy/Male
Latin
God of fertility.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Bharathwaj | பாரதவாஜ
A gotra of hindus
Bharathwaj | பாரதவாஜ
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Telugu
Woman; Goddess of Hindus; Durga
Boy/Male
Hindu
Belonging to the Indus
Boy/Male
Tamil
Saindhav | ஸைநà¯à®¤à®¾à®µ
Belonging to the Indus
INDUS SCRIPT
INDUS SCRIPT
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord of truth, Lord of springs
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Night
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Flower of the Gods
Boy/Male
Sikh
One who has won the Lord masters Love
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Cut stone.
Boy/Male
Hindu
King of the universe
Surname or Lastname
English (Norfolk)
English (Norfolk) : metronymic from the medieval female personal name Mab(be) (see Mapp 1).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Wale 1.
Boy/Male
Hindi
Shining Moon.
Boy/Male
Australian, German, Turkish
A Creature that Transported the Prophet Muhammad
INDUS SCRIPT
INDUS SCRIPT
INDUS SCRIPT
INDUS SCRIPT
INDUS SCRIPT
n.
A small fresh-water cyprinoid fish (Leuciscus idus or Idus idus) of Europe. A domesticated variety, colored like the goldfish, is called orfe in Germany.
n.
A system of philosophy among the Hindus, founded on scattered texts of the Vedas, and thence termed the "Anta," or end or substance.
imp. & p. p.
of Indue
n.
A nest: a repository for the eggs of birds, insects, etc.; a breeding place; esp., the place or substance where parasites or the germs of a disease effect lodgment or are developed.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Indue
v. t.
To put on, as clothes; to draw on.
v. t.
To indue with a soul; to furnish with a soul or mind.
v. t.
To indue.
n.
The ancient sacred literature of the Hindus; also, one of the four collections, called Rig-Veda, Yajur-Veda, Sama-Veda, and Atharva-Veda, constituting the most ancient portions of that literature.
n.
An anvil.
n.
The central portion of the armature of the pharynx in the Rotifera.
n.
An orchideous plant with matted roots, of the genus Neottia (N. nidus-avis.)
n.
One of the small bones in the tympanum of the ear; the anvil bone. See Ear.
v. t.
To clothe; to invest; hence, to endow; to furnish; to supply with moral or mental qualities.
n.
The third of the four great original castes among the Hindus, now either extinct or partially represented by the mercantile class of Banyas. See the Note under Caste, 1.
pl.
of Nidus
v. t.
To indue or imbue (a body) with soul.
pl.
of Hindu
n.
the incus. See Incus.
v. t.
To indue with stamina.