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Ability of a foreign substance to provoke an immune response
the organism from future exposure. Immunogenicity is a central aspect of vaccine development. Unwanted immunogenicity is an immune response by an organism
Immunogenicity
Any type of cell death eliciting an immune response
Immunogenic cell death types are divided according to molecular mechanisms leading up to, during and following the death event. The immunogenicity of
Immunogenic_cell_death
Phenoptosis Pseudoapoptosis Pyroptosis Autolysis Autoschizis Eschar Immunogenic cell death Ischemic cell death Pyknosis Karyorrhexis Karyolysis Mitotic
Lists_of_unusual_deaths
Vaccine against hantavirus infections
renal syndrome in humans. Arch Virol. 1990;1(Suppl):35–47. "Phase 2a Immunogenicity Study of Hantaan/Puumala Virus DNA Vaccine for Prevention of Hemorrhagic
Hantavirus_vaccine
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial evaluating the immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant novel coronavirus fusion protein vaccine
V-01
Clinical research to establish the characteristics of COVID-19 vaccines
trend of increased immunogenicity when one of the doses is of an mRNA vaccine, particularly as the last dose. The immunogenicity of a homologous mRNA
COVID-19 vaccine clinical research
COVID-19_vaccine_clinical_research
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
having been successfully produced on a laboratory scale and provoked immunogenicity during animal testing. Preclinical studies of Nanocovax were conducted
Nanocovax
Vaccine that contains antigenic parts of the pathogen
light exposure, humidity) Reduced immunogenicity compared to attenuated vaccines Require adjuvants to improve immunogenicity Often require multiple doses ("booster"
Subunit_vaccine
Medication for constipation, classified as an osmotic laxative
human body and increase their duration of action, as well as to reduce immunogenicity. This process is called PEGylation. Contraindications for macrogol taken
Macrogol
Vaccine against COVID-19
Zhu F (November 2022). "CoronaVac: A review of efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2". Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
CoronaVac
Type of vaccine
produced thanks to their qualities of immunogenicity, immunogenic stability, and safety. Specific immunogenicity properties include highly efficient gene
Viral_vector_vaccine
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
and using a conventional needle gives poor results and leads to low immunogenicity. In February 2020, Cadila Healthcare decided to develop a DNA plasmid
ZyCoV-D
Vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus
RSV-B. Immunogenicity was consistent across demographic subgroups. Overall, mRNA-1345 revaccination was safe and well tolerated. The immunogenic response
Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine
Respiratory_syncytial_virus_vaccine
Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2
progress through several phases of clinical trials to test for safety, immunogenicity, effectiveness, dose levels, and adverse effects of the candidate vaccine
COVID-19_vaccine
Group of proteins united by their importance in development and in cancer immunotherapy
spermatids. Because of their tumor-restricted expression and strong in vivo immunogenicity, CT antigens are identified as ideal targets for tumor specific immunotherapeutic
Cancer/testis_antigens
Molecule triggering an immune response
receptor-exposed residues of MHC-bound peptides is associated with peptide immunogenicity. A native antigen is an antigen that is not yet processed by an APC
Antigen
Type of cell
increased inflammatory cytokines. This suggests that the minimizing of the immunogenicity may reduce the risk of rejection and improve graft viability and function
Passenger_leukocyte
July 2020. "A Phase 2/3 study to determine the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of the candidate Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19"
List of COVID-19 vaccine authorizations
List_of_COVID-19_vaccine_authorizations
Hungarian-American biochemist (born 1955)
with Drew Weissman of the nucleoside modifications that suppress the immunogenicity of RNA. This is seen as a further contribution to the therapeutic use
Katalin_Karikó
Chemical reaction
protein can "mask" the agent from the host's immune system (reducing immunogenicity and antigenicity), and increase its hydrodynamic size (size in solution)
PEGylation
Russian vaccine against COVID-19
and Immunogenicity of "Sputnik Light" Vaccine" at ClinicalTrials.gov Clinical trial number NCT04741061 for "Study to Evaluate Efficacy, Immunogenicity and
Sputnik_V_COVID-19_vaccine
Protein subunit vaccine against COVID-19
1018. As the RBD protein is poorly immunogenic alone, adjuvantation is essential for a RBD-based vaccine immunogenicity. Researchers at the Precision Vaccine
Corbevax
Vaccine against COVID-19
Medicine. Retrieved 11 March 2021. "A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of MVC-COV1901 Against COVID-19". clinicaltrials.gov. United States
MVC_COVID-19_vaccine
Precursor protein in humans
Wilson RM, Douglas CA, Tattersall RB, Reeves WG (September 1985). "Immunogenicity of highly purified bovine insulin: a comparison with conventional bovine
Proinsulin
vaccine against Argentine hemorrhagic fever produced in Argentina. Immunogenicity and safety] (PDF). Medicina (in Spanish). 70 (3): 215–22. PMID 20529769
List_of_infectious_diseases
American biotechnology company
only mild symptoms and no adverse effects. The trial also demonstrated immunogenicity by dose-independent immune responses detected in more than 85% of subjects
Inovio_Pharmaceuticals
Chemical compound
Link CJ (August 2009). "The αGal HyperAcute(®) Technology: enhancing immunogenicity of antiviral vaccines by exploiting the natural αGal-mediated zoonotic
Galactose-α-1,3-galactose
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
and immunogenic. "Serum Institute starts manufacturing Codagenix's nasal COVID-19 vaccine". mint. 22 September 2020. "Safety and Immunogenicity of COVI-VAC
COVI-VAC (U.S. COVID-19 vaccine)
COVI-VAC_(U.S._COVID-19_vaccine)
Viral respiratory infection
and Immunogenicity of BVRS-GamVac". Archived from the original on 18 March 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2020. "Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of Vaccine
MERS
Whitehead, Stephen S (2011-03-24). "Tahyna virus genetics, infectivity, and immunogenicity in mice and monkeys". Virology Journal. 8 (1): 135. doi:10.1186/1743-422x-8-135
List_of_zoonotic_diseases
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
study on February 23, 2021. The study is titled "Safety, Tolerance and Immunogenicity of EuCorVac-19 for the Prevention of COVID-19 in Healthy Adults" As
EuCorVac-19
Pharmaceutical compound
found to enhance the immunogenicity of bacterial polysaccharides. The pharmaceutical company Wyeth took advantage of this immunogenicity in the 1990s when
CRM197
Family of viruses
Becker S, Belij-Rammerstorfer S, et al. (August 2020). "Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report
Adenoviridae
Vaccine against COVID-19
Sarangi V, et al. (11 November 2021). "Efficacy, safety, and lot-to-lot immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBV152): interim results of a
Covaxin
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity Study of ReCOV" at ClinicalTrials.gov Clinical trial number NCT05084989 for "Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity Study of the
ReCOV
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
3389/fimmu.2022.836745. PMC 9179012. PMID 35693788. "Phase I, Safety and Immunogenicity of Razi SARS-CoV-2 recombinant Spike protein vaccine (Razi Cov Pars)
Razi_Cov_Pars
COVID-19 vaccine candidate
2020. Clinical trial number NCT04336410 for "Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of INO-4800 for COVID-19 in Healthy Volunteers" at ClinicalTrials.gov
Inovio_COVID-19_vaccine
Human disease
McNeil S, Dionne M, Dawar M, Ogilvie G, Krajden M, et al. (May 2013). "Immunogenicity of 2 doses of HPV vaccine in younger adolescents vs 3 doses in young
Human papillomavirus infection
Human_papillomavirus_infection
American scientist, pediatrician, and advocate (born 1958)
Inequalities in Global Health. Retrieved September 20, 2023. "Safety and Immunogenicity of a Human Hookworm Candidate Vaccine With or Without Additional Adjuvant
Peter_Hotez
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
conducted phase 1 clinical trials using 75 volunteers and submit safety and immunogenicity data for the committee's consideration before it proceeds to the second
INCOVACC
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
Retrieved 26 June 2025. "A Study to Evaluate Safety, Reactogenicity, and Immunogenicity of mRNA-1283 and mRNA-1273 Vaccines in Healthy Adults Between 18 Years
MRNA-1283
Short biography of someone who recently died
Phenoptosis Pseudoapoptosis Pyroptosis Autolysis Autoschizis Eschar Immunogenic cell death Ischemic cell death Pyknosis Karyorrhexis Karyolysis Mitotic
Obituary
Predatory hornet, largest in the world
The Asian giant hornet (Vespa mandarinia), also known as the northern giant hornet, is the world's largest hornet. It is native to temperate and tropical
Asian_giant_hornet
Biological system protecting an organism against disease
the antigen-presenting cells of the innate immune system and maximize immunogenicity. Another important role of the immune system is to identify and eliminate
Immune_system
Medical measurement formula
Phenoptosis Pseudoapoptosis Pyroptosis Autolysis Autoschizis Eschar Immunogenic cell death Ischemic cell death Pyknosis Karyorrhexis Karyolysis Mitotic
Case_fatality_rate
COVIran Barakat vaccine against COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2. Those results have not been peer-reviewed and describe the immunogenicity of the vaccine and not its efficacy. On 3 March 2022, peer-reviewed
COVIran_Barekat
Medical condition
PMID 36291989. "Phase 2 Study to Evaluate Safety, Pharmacokinetics, Immunogenicity and Pharmacodynamics/Efficacy of EDI200 in Male Infants With X-Linked
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
Hypohidrotic_ectodermal_dysplasia
Vaccine hopeful against COVID-19
Drugs Controller General of India (DGCI), to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate in about 120 participants consisting of age
HGC019
Combination of cancer diagnosis and treatment
coupled with diagnostic imaging to assess immune cell infiltration, tumor immunogenicity, and treatment response. Imaging techniques, such as PET and MRI, can
Theranostics
Public-private organization for vaccine development
Tukhvatulin AI, Dzharullaeva AS, et al. (2 February 2017). "Safety and immunogenicity of GamEvac-Combi, a heterologous VSV- and Ad5-vectored Ebola vaccine:
Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology
Gamaleya_Research_Institute_of_Epidemiology_and_Microbiology
Form of immunotherapy
murine antibody immunogenicity (attacks by the immune system against the antibody), murine molecules were engineered to remove immunogenic content and to
Monoclonal_antibody_therapy
Vaccine against dengue fever
was developed by NIAID, that were tested separately for safety and immunogenicity. The vaccine passed phase I trials and phase II studies in the US, Thailand
Dengue_vaccine
Vaccine against COVID-19
of its third domestic COVID vaccine". Al Jazeera. "Phase 1, safety, immunogenicity and dose finding for two strengths of 0.5 × 10^6 and 2.5 × 10^6 (TCID50)
FAKHRAVAC
Drug delivery method
blood cells circulate for long periods of time and are potentially non-immunogenic, they are an attractive vector for drug delivery via the circulatory
Erythrocyte-based drug delivery
Erythrocyte-based_drug_delivery
Hypothesis in the treatment of metastatic cancer
Vanpouille-Box C, Alard A, Aryankalayil MJ, et al. DNA exonuclease Trex1 regulates radiotherapy-induced tumour immunogenicity. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 9;8:15618.
Abscopal_effect
Vaccine using a killed version of a disease pathogen
of the NACI literature review on the comparative effectiveness and immunogenicity of subunit and split virus inactivated influenza vaccines in older adults"
Inactivated_vaccine
Glycoprotein spike on a viral capsid or viral envelope
tissues it can infect within an organism). Spike glycoprotein is highly immunogenic. Antibodies against spike glycoprotein are found in patients recovered
Coronavirus_spike_protein
Plan to immunize against COVID-19 in Japan
from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 11 March 2021. "Safety and Immunogenicity of an Intranasal RSV Vaccine Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein (COVID-19
COVID-19_vaccination_in_Japan
Behavior in which animals take on the appearance of being dead
Phenoptosis Pseudoapoptosis Pyroptosis Autolysis Autoschizis Eschar Immunogenic cell death Ischemic cell death Pyknosis Karyorrhexis Karyolysis Mitotic
Apparent_death
Artificial enzymes
Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) are artificial restriction enzymes generated by fusing a zinc finger DNA-binding domain to a DNA-cleavage domain. Zinc finger-domains
Zinc-finger_nuclease
Phenoptosis Pseudoapoptosis Pyroptosis Autolysis Autoschizis Eschar Immunogenic cell death Ischemic cell death Pyknosis Karyorrhexis Karyolysis Mitotic
List of television performers who died during production
List_of_television_performers_who_died_during_production
Biotechnology company
vaccination.[citation needed] GeoVax published results of Phase 1 safety and immunogenicity testing for its preventive vaccine trial on March 1, 2011. Based on
GeoVax
Vaccine against COVID-19
Clinical trial number NCT04756323 for "A Study to Evaluate Safety and Immunogenicity of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (Vero Cells) in Healthy Population
Minhai_COVID-19_vaccine
Vaccine against malaria
The CSP vaccine presented problems in the trial stage due to its poor immunogenicity. RTS,S attempted to avoid these by fusing the protein with a surface
Malaria_vaccine
Vaccine used to treat cancer
chemically linked to the Neisseria meningitidis outer protein P64k for immunogenicity; Montanide ISA 51 is used as an adjuvant to potentiate the immune response
CimaVax-EGF
Peptide-based subunit vaccine which immunizes an organism against a pathogen
like to lead to allergic or auto-immune responses. Disadvantages: Poor immunogenicity. Unstable in cells. Lack of native conformation. Only effective for
Peptide_vaccine
Vaccine against COVID-19
therapeutics" (PDF). Clinical trial number NCT04412538 for "Safety and Immunogenicity Study of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine for Preventing Against COVID-19"
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences COVID-19 vaccine
Chinese_Academy_of_Medical_Sciences_COVID-19_vaccine
Antibiotic medication
Publishing. PMID 32119447. Retrieved 7 December 2023. Flaherty DK (2012). "Immunogenicity and Antigenicity". Immunology for Pharmacy. Mosby. ISBN 978-0-323-06947-2
Benzylpenicillin
Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine
MS, Weinberg GA, Anderson EL, Granoff PD, Granoff DM (August 1986). "Immunogenicity in infants of Haemophilus influenzae type B polysaccharide in a conjugate
Hib_vaccine
degradation of hemoglobin resulting in production of monoxide and lower DC immunogenicity. Besides that, tolerogenic DCs also may produce retinoic acid (RA),
Tolerogenic_dendritic_cell
Medical technology
respectively. AAVs are characterized by stabilizing the viral capsid, lower immunogenicity, ability to transduce both dividing and nondividing cells, the potential
Gene_therapy
Synthetic methods and Applications of Polysaccharide–protein Conjugate
Polysaccharide–protein conjugates may have better solubility and stability, reduced immunogenicity, prolonged circulation time, and enhanced targeting ability compared
Polysaccharide–protein conjugate
Polysaccharide–protein_conjugate
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
efficacy, but some scientists attribute the result to insufficient immunogenicity due to the use of unmodified mRNA (the Pfizer–BioNTech and Moderna vaccines
CureVac_COVID-19_vaccine
Vaccine against COVID-19
"Efficacy, Immunogenicity and Safety of Inactivated Erucov-Vac Compared With Placebo in COVID-19 " at ClinicalTrials.gov "Efficacy, Immunogenicity, and Safety
Turkovac
Freezing of a corpse with the intent of future revival
Phenoptosis Pseudoapoptosis Pyroptosis Autolysis Autoschizis Eschar Immunogenic cell death Ischemic cell death Pyknosis Karyorrhexis Karyolysis Mitotic
Cryonics
Chemical entity which can be bound by an antibody
Buckwold SL (October 1996). "Flanking residues alter antigenicity and immunogenicity of multi-unit CTL epitopes". Journal of Immunology. 157 (8): 3242–9
Epitope
Ongoing medical research
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of an Epstein-Barr virus vaccine in healthy young adults"
Epstein–Barr_virus_vaccine
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
Phase I trial were launched to assess safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity at multiple dose levels with 151 participants in Perth, Australia using
SCB-2019
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
began a Phase I trial to evaluate safety, tolerance, and preliminary immunogenicity with 168 participants aged 18–59 in Hangzhou divided into low-dose,
Walvax_COVID-19_vaccine
Process of introducing nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells
influence its immunogenicity, and specifically that 5'-triphosphate RNA, which can be produced during viral infection, is more immunogenic than 5'-diphosphate
Transfection
Vaccine against COVID-19
antigens. In addition, there are also serious concerns about the vaccine immunogenicity data, which have fueled independent civic research efforts and criticism
EpiVacCorona
Antigen/epitope that induce immune response
(cBSA) is highly positively charged protein with significantly increased immunogenicity. This change possesses a greater number of possible conjugated antigens
Immunogen
Vietnamese physician and vaccinologist
NCT03865238. Nguyen TT, Chiu C-H, Lin C-Y, et al. "Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an inactivated, adjuvanted enterovirus 71 vaccine in infants and
Nguyễn_Trọng_Toàn
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
Bloomberg Markets. Clinical trial number NCT04666012 for "Safety and Immunogenicity Study of AdCLD-CoV19: A COVID-19 Preventive Vaccine in Healthy Volunteers"
AdCLD-CoV19
Postulated continued existence after death
Phenoptosis Pseudoapoptosis Pyroptosis Autolysis Autoschizis Eschar Immunogenic cell death Ischemic cell death Pyknosis Karyorrhexis Karyolysis Mitotic
Afterlife
Autoimmune diseases of the skin
Razo J, DuBridge RB (2010). "The immunogenicity of humanized and fully human antibodies: residual immunogenicity resides in the CDR regions". mAbs.
Psoriasis
Elimination of mRNA with premature stop codons in eukaryotes
presentation of these potentially immunogenic peptides on the cell surface via HLA class I molecules. This modulation of immunogenicity means that frameshift-derived
Nonsense-mediated_decay
Vaccine against hepatitis B
phosphorothioate-linked oligodeoxynucleotide. It was non-inferior concerning immunogenicity. In November 2021, a new hepatitis B recombinant subunit vaccine (Prehevbrio)
Hepatitis_B_vaccine
Government official who confirms and certifies the death of an individual
Phenoptosis Pseudoapoptosis Pyroptosis Autolysis Autoschizis Eschar Immunogenic cell death Ischemic cell death Pyknosis Karyorrhexis Karyolysis Mitotic
Coroner
noted that tumors that persist in the equilibrium phase show reduced immunogenicity when compared to tumors which have been grown in immunodeficient mice
CD4+ T cells and antitumor immunity
CD4+_T_cells_and_antitumor_immunity
Chronic disease caused by bacterial infection
antigen dose escalation trial to evaluate safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of the leprosy vaccine candidate LepVax (LEP-F1 + GLA-SE) in healthy
Leprosy
Fictional drug central to the Dune series by Frank Herbert
could not move ... Without melange and its amplification of the human immunogenic system, life expectancy for the very rich degenerated by a factor of
Melange_(Dune)
Chinese pharmaceutical company
trial in China that enrolled 144 volunteers to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of BNT162b1. On 4 November, Fosun announced it would stop further trials
Fosun_Pharma
Vaccine against COVID-19
noted the vaccine had a low rate of adverse reactions and demonstrated immunogenicity, but longer-term assessment of safety and efficacy would require Phase
Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine
Sinopharm_WIBP_COVID-19_vaccine
Protein Nanoparticle
animal proteins include high biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-immunogenicity, drug loading efficiency, cell uptake, and easy and cost-effective production
Protein_nanoparticles
Species of bacterium
Sherryl; Dull, Peter M; Narasimhan, Vas; Slobod, Karen (2016). "Safety and immunogenicity of an investigational maternal trivalent group B streptococcus vaccine
Streptococcus_agalactiae
Red rash due to infection with parvovirus B19
Reed JL, Noble W, Young NS, Koenig S (February 2003). "Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant parvovirus B19 vaccine formulated with MF59C.1". The
Fifth_disease
Enzyme involved in blood coagulation in humans
KL, Alexander WA (July 2009). "A phase 3b, open-label, single-group immunogenicity and safety study of topical recombinant thrombin in surgical hemostasis"
Thrombin
Drug delivery via inhalation
stable, specific, and safe. Moreover, delivery of exosomes shows less immunogenic affects. Further surface modifications and conjugation with liposomes
Nose-to-brain drug delivery mechanism
Nose-to-brain_drug_delivery_mechanism
Italian-American physician, oncologist
2017). "DNA exonuclease Trex1 regulates radiotherapy-induced tumour immunogenicity". Nature Communications. 8 15618. Bibcode:2017NatCo...815618V. doi:10
Silvia_Formenti
IMMUNOGENICITY
IMMUNOGENICITY
IMMUNOGENICITY
IMMUNOGENICITY
Boy/Male
Latin
Hammer.
Girl/Female
Australian, German, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Warrior; He Beholds; Rich; God's Grace; God Sees; Foresighted; Wealthy
Girl/Female
Indian
Meaning
Girl/Female
Hindi Indian
Gold.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Holy; Sacred
Girl/Female
Hindu
Buddhi
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from an Old Norse personal name or byname, Skragg, related to Norwegian dialect skragg ‘a shriveled, wretched person’, and English scraggy ‘lean’, ‘skinny’.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Endowed with Wisdom; Learning
Girl/Female
English
name Letitia. Joyful;happy.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada
Lord of Vedha
IMMUNOGENICITY
IMMUNOGENICITY
IMMUNOGENICITY
IMMUNOGENICITY
IMMUNOGENICITY