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of academic journals and magazines in engineering and its various subfields. Aviation Week & Space Technology Flight International Journal of Astronomical
List of engineering journals and magazines
List_of_engineering_journals_and_magazines
Academic journal
The Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, formerly the Journal of the Hydraulics Division (1956–1982), is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Journal_of_Hydraulic_Engineering
Aeronautical Engineering Review AIAA Journal Canadian Aeronautics and Space Journal CEAS Space Journal CEAS Aeronautical Journal Chinese Journal of Aeronautics
List of aerospace engineering journals
List_of_aerospace_engineering_journals
Academic journal
Engineering is peer-reviewed open access academic journal of engineering launched in 2015 by the Chinese Academy of Engineering. It is published by Higher
Engineering_(journal)
Scientific journal
Journal of Neural Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published bimonthly by IOP Publishing. Established in 2004, it covers research on
Journal_of_Neural_Engineering
Predatory publisher
and Engineering Earth Sciences Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Economics Education Journal Engineering Mathematics Engineering Physics Engineering Science
Science_Publishing_Group
Scientific journal
The Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
Arabian_Journal_for_Science_and_Engineering
List of notable electrical engineering journals
This is a list of electrical engineering journals which covers areas such as power systems, electronics, control systems, signal processing, photonics
List of electrical engineering journals
List_of_electrical_engineering_journals
Applied science and research
Engineering is the practice of systematically applying natural science and mathematics to design and improve systems, devices, or processes that solve
Engineering
Academic journal
The Alexandria Engineering Journal is a monthly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal that covers experimental, theoretical, and computational
Alexandria Engineering Journal
Alexandria_Engineering_Journal
Topics referred to by the same term
Journal of Engineering may refer to: Journal of Engineering (IET journal), abbreviated J. Eng. (Stevenage), published by the Institution of Engineering
Journal_of_Engineering
List of scholarly journals in civil engineering
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering International Journal of Civil Engineering Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering Journal of Civil Engineering and Management
List of civil engineering journals
List_of_civil_engineering_journals
Academic journal
The IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering is a journal published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The journal's editor in chief
IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering
IEEE_Journal_of_Oceanic_Engineering
National organization of engineers in India
world's largest multi-disciplinary engineering professional society. It has more than one million members in 15 engineering disciplines. The institution was
Institution of Engineers (India)
Institution_of_Engineers_(India)
Topics referred to by the same term
magazine Engineering (constituency), an electoral constituency in Hong Kong Engineering (journal) (established 2015), Chinese journal Engineering (Scientific
Engineering_(disambiguation)
List of academic journals in mechanical engineering
This is a list of mechanical engineering journals which includes peer-reviewed scientific journals that cover research in mechanical systems, acoustics
List of mechanical engineering journals
List_of_mechanical_engineering_journals
US professional association
century. In 1828, John Kilbourn of Ohio managed a short-lived "Civil Engineering Journal," editorializing about the recent incorporation of the Institution
American Society of Civil Engineers
American_Society_of_Civil_Engineers
This is a list of journals published by Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), including those from its predecessors Institution of Electrical
List of Institution of Engineering and Technology academic journals
List_of_Institution_of_Engineering_and_Technology_academic_journals
Academic journal
The Journal of Aerospace Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers and combines civil engineering
Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Journal_of_Aerospace_Engineering
Academic publishing company
publishers". Also, another similar paper submitted to the Open Software Engineering Journal in 2009 as part of the same operation was rejected by the publisher
Bentham_Science_Publishers
Academic journal
The Journal of Construction Engineering and Management is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers
Journal of Construction Engineering & Management
Journal_of_Construction_Engineering_&_Management
Academic journal
Optical Engineering is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research, development, and uses of optical science and optical engineering, published
Optical_Engineering_(journal)
Academic journal
Nature Biomedical Engineering is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Portfolio. It was established in 2017. The editor-in-chief
Nature_Biomedical_Engineering
Academic journal
The Journal of Structural Engineering is the principal professional peer-reviewed journal of the American Society of Civil Engineers, the oldest professional
Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal_of_Structural_Engineering
Academic journal
Sādhanā – Academy Proceedings in Engineering Sciences, is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf
Sādhanā_(journal)
Academic journal
The Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published since 1956 by the American Chemical Society. JCED is currently
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data
Journal_of_Chemical_&_Engineering_Data
Biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society. It covers research in
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
ACS_Sustainable_Chemistry_&_Engineering
Academic journal
the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 2.3. "Natural Language Engineering". 2023 Journal Citation Reports (Science, Social Sciences, and Arts and Humanities ed
Natural Language Processing (journal)
Natural_Language_Processing_(journal)
Academic journal
The Journal of Tissue Engineering is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal that covers research on tissue engineering. Its editors-in-chief are
Journal_of_Tissue_Engineering
Disciplines into which the field of engineering is conventionally divided
Computer-aided engineering Model-driven engineering Concurrent engineering Engineering analysis Engineering design process (engineering method) Engineering mathematics
List_of_engineering_branches
Academic journal
Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in the field of engineering geology. It is
Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment
Bulletin_of_Engineering_Geology_and_the_Environment
Academic journal
Journal of Transportation Engineering was a journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers. Prior to 1968, it was known as Journal of the
Journal of Transportation Engineering
Journal_of_Transportation_Engineering
Academic journal
The Journal of Bridge Engineering, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal about bridge engineering. It is published by the American Society of Civil Engineers
Journal_of_Bridge_Engineering
Scientific journal
Medicine in 2021, Communications Engineering in 2022 and Communications Psychology in 2022. These open-access journals offer a lower publication fee than
Nature_Communications
Academic journal
The Journal of Engineering Education is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on engineering education that is published by the
Journal of Engineering Education
Journal_of_Engineering_Education
Academic journal
Empirical Software Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Nature. It was established in 1996 and covers the area of empirical
Empirical Software Engineering
Empirical_Software_Engineering
Academic journal
The Journal of Environmental Engineering is a monthly engineering journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The main editor is Dionysios
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Journal_of_Environmental_Engineering
List of academic journals published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
1959 to Journal of Basic Engineering[citation needed] "Two New ASME Journals Announced: Journal of Basic Engineering to be Discontinued". Journal of Basic
List of American Society of Mechanical Engineers academic journals
List_of_American_Society_of_Mechanical_Engineers_academic_journals
Academic journal
Rehabilitation Engineering is a peer-reviewed and open-access scientific journal published by the IEEE. The journal covers advances in neural engineering and biomedical
IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering
IEEE_Transactions_on_Neural_Systems_and_Rehabilitation_Engineering
Academic journal
The Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1989 by the American Society of Civil Engineers
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Journal_of_Materials_in_Civil_Engineering
academic journals published by MDPI. As of September 2022, MDPI publishes 399 peer-reviewed academic journals and nine conference journals. Contents
List of MDPI academic journals
List_of_MDPI_academic_journals
Application of biology and engineering to create useful products
Biological engineering or bioengineering is the application of principles of biology and the tools of engineering to create usable, tangible, economically
Biological_engineering
Use of software for engineering design and analysis
Computer-aided engineering (CAE) is the general usage of technology to aid in tasks related to engineering analysis. Computer-aided engineering (CAE) includes
Computer-aided_engineering
Academic journal
Metabolic Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on production of fuels and chemicals using microorganisms and other biological
Metabolic Engineering (journal)
Metabolic_Engineering_(journal)
List of academic journals focused on software programming
programming journals which contains notable peer-reviewed academic journals that publish research related to software programming, software engineering, programming
List of software programming journals
List_of_software_programming_journals
Engineering discipline
Mechanical engineering is the study of physical machines and mechanisms that may involve force and movement. It is an engineering branch that combines
Mechanical_engineering
The Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management is a triannual peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that covers research on all aspects of
Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management
Journal_of_Industrial_Engineering_and_Management
Academic journal
Solar Energy is a peer-reviewed scientific journal and the official journal of the International Solar Energy Society. It covers research on all aspects
Solar_Energy_(journal)
Index of articles associated with the same name
Science and Engineering may refer to several journals in the field of materials science and engineering: Materials Science and Engineering A Materials
Materials Science and Engineering
Materials_Science_and_Engineering
Academic journal
The Journal of Energy Engineering is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers. It covers civil
Journal_of_Energy_Engineering
Academic journal
The Journal of Food Process Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research on applications of engineering to food and food processing
Journal of Food Process Engineering
Journal_of_Food_Process_Engineering
Academic journal
The Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance
Journal_of_Materials_Engineering_and_Performance
of academic journals. List of academic journals about specific authors List of accounting journals List of aerospace engineering journals List of African
Lists_of_academic_journals
Academic journal
Applied Thermal Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of the thermal engineering of advanced processes, including process
Applied_Thermal_Engineering
Academic journal
Journal of Hydrologic Engineering is a monthly engineering journal, first published by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1996. The journal provides
Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Journal_of_Hydrologic_Engineering
Journal of Combustion Journal of Complex Analysis Journal of Computer Networks and Communications Journal of Control Science and Engineering Journal of
List of Hindawi academic journals
List_of_Hindawi_academic_journals
Academic journal
Coastal Engineering Journal is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering achievements and engineering practices in the fields of coastal, harbor and
Coastal_Engineering_Journal
Academic journal
The Journal of Surveying Engineering is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). It covers
Journal of Surveying Engineering
Journal_of_Surveying_Engineering
Academic journal on digital applications in civil engineering
Advanced Engineering Informatics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier covering research on all aspects of advanced computing methods
Advanced Engineering Informatics
Advanced_Engineering_Informatics
Product development methodology
Concurrent engineering (CE) or concurrent design and manufacturing is a work methodology emphasizing the parallelization of tasks (i.e. performing tasks
Concurrent_engineering
Academic journal
Source List". Engineering Village. Elsevier. Retrieved 2022-05-16. "Inspec list of journals" (PDF). Inspec. Institution of Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing
International_Journal_of_Extreme_Manufacturing
Academic journal
The Journal of Cold Regions Engineering is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers. It covers
Journal of Cold Regions Engineering
Journal_of_Cold_Regions_Engineering
Engineering discipline focused on physical infrastructure
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built
Civil_engineering
Academic journal
Chemical Engineering Science is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of chemical engineering. It is published by Elsevier and was established
Chemical_Engineering_Science
Journal of Multiphase Flow Journal of Environmental Engineering Journal of Fluid Mechanics Journal of Hydrologic Engineering Journal of the IEST Measurement
List_of_scientific_journals
Interdisciplinary field of engineering
Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering and engineering management that focuses on how to design, integrate, and manage complex
Systems_engineering
Engineering and design of shipboard systems
Marine engineering is the engineering of watercrafts, ocean systems, and ocean structures. After completing this degree, one can join a ship as an officer
Marine_engineering
Academic journal
The Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering is a quarterly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal published by Semnan University and the editor-in-chief
Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering
Journal_of_Rehabilitation_in_Civil_Engineering
Academic journal
Current Contents - Engineering, Computing & Technology Inspec Scopus Ei/Compendex According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact
Journal of Photonics for Energy
Journal_of_Photonics_for_Energy
Academic journal
system into independent corporate entities. The journal was devoted to the scientific fields and engineering disciplines practiced in the Bell System for
Bell_Labs_Technical_Journal
Academic journal
Technology). The journal was established in 2007 as Frontiers of Energy and Power Engineering in China, before obtaining its current title. The journal is abstracted
Frontiers_in_Energy
Branch of engineering
Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems that use electricity
Electrical_engineering
Academic journal
mechanics, mathematics, and numerical methods in the practice of modern engineering. Areas covered include solid and structural mechanics, multi-body system
Computational Mechanics (journal)
Computational_Mechanics_(journal)
Branch of engineering
aeronautical engineering and astronautical engineering. Avionics engineering is similar, but deals with the electronics side of aerospace engineering. "Aeronautical
Aerospace_engineering
Academic journal
Wind Engineering is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on wind power published by Sage Publishing. The editor-in-chief is
Wind_Engineering_(journal)
Academic journal
The Journal of Civil Engineering and Management is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering civil engineering, founded in 1995. It is published by Taylor
Journal of Civil Engineering and Management
Journal_of_Civil_Engineering_and_Management
Academic journal
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society covering all aspects of chemical
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
Industrial_&_Engineering_Chemistry_Research
Academic journal
Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering is a scholarly journal that provides a forum for spreading results of research and advanced industrial
Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering
Archives_of_Computational_Methods_in_Engineering
Academic journal
The Journal of Architectural Engineering is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers covering
Journal of Architectural Engineering
Journal_of_Architectural_Engineering
Engineering discipline specializing in the design of computer hardware
electrical engineering, electronics engineering and computer science. Computer engineering may be referred to as Electrical and Computer Engineering or Computer
Computer_engineering
Engineering approach to software development
Software engineering is a branch of both computer science and engineering focused on designing, developing, testing, and maintaining software applications
Software_engineering
Academic journal
The Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that is published by the Hashemite University and Ministry
Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Jordan_Journal_of_Mechanical_and_Industrial_Engineering
Academic journal
Systems Engineering is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on the design and utilization of information systems. The journal is the
Business & Information Systems Engineering
Business_&_Information_Systems_Engineering
Academic journal
The Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers. It
Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering
Journal_of_Computing_in_Civil_Engineering
Engineering discipline that deals with control systems
Control engineering, also known as control systems engineering and, in some European countries, automation engineering, is an engineering discipline that
Control_engineering
National academy of the People's Republic of China
The Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE; 中国工程院) is the national academy of the People's Republic of China for engineering. It was established in 1994 and
Chinese Academy of Engineering
Chinese_Academy_of_Engineering
Engineering discipline focused on the design and operation of chemical plants
Chemical engineering is an engineering field which deals with the study of the operation and design of chemical plants as well as methods of improving
Chemical_engineering
Software engineering approach to designing and developing information systems
Data engineering is a software engineering approach to the building of data systems, to enable the collection and usage of data. This data is usually
Data_engineering
Academic journal
Fusion Engineering and Design is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published monthly by Elsevier. Established under the name Nuclear Engineering and Design/Fusion
Fusion_Engineering_and_Design
Academic journal
The Journal of Engineering Mechanics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers, and covers activity and
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Journal_of_Engineering_Mechanics
Academic journal
Computers & Chemical Engineering is an international, peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of process systems engineering. The journal accepts general
Computers & Chemical Engineering
Computers_&_Chemical_Engineering
Academic journal
open-access scientific journal covering process/systems related research in chemistry, biology, materials, and allied engineering fields. It was established
Processes_(journal)
Discipline of engineering
Automotive engineering, along with aerospace engineering and naval architecture, is a branch of vehicle engineering, incorporating elements of mechanical
Automotive_engineering
Academic journal
Source List". Engineering Village. Elsevier. Retrieved May 22, 2024. "Inspec list of journals" (PDF). Inspec. Institution of Engineering and Technology
Journal_of_Medical_Imaging
Branch of engineering which deals with the optimization of complex processes or systems
through publications like its journal "Systems Engineering" starting in 1994 and the first edition of the "Systems Engineering Handbook" in 1997. Additionally
Industrial_engineering
Academic journal
Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN) is a weekly news magazine published by the American Chemical Society (ACS), providing professional and technical news
Chemical_&_Engineering_News
The Journal of Food Engineering is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering engineering, science, and technology related to food production
Journal_of_Food_Engineering
Academic journal
The IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the IEEE Computer Society. It was established
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
IEEE_Transactions_on_Software_Engineering
Scientific journal
Technological University). The journal is abstracted and indexed in: Chemical Abstracts Core Current Contents/Engineering, Computing & Technology Current
ACS_Applied_Nano_Materials
Academic journal
REM: International Engineering Journal is a peer-reviewed open access scholarly journal publishing research articles across civil, geological, metallurgical
REM: International Engineering Journal
REM:_International_Engineering_Journal
ENGINEERING JOURNAL
ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places in Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire called Winthorpe. The former is named with the Old English personal name or byname Wine, meaning ‘friend’, + Old Norse þorp ‘settlement’. In the latter the first element is a contracted form of the Old English personal name Wigmund, composed of the elements wÄ«g ‘war’ + mund ‘protection’, or the Old Norse equivalent, VÃgmundr.John Winthrop (1588–1649) was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. He kept a detailed journal, an invaluable source for historians. He was born into a family of Suffolk, England, gentry whose fortunes were founded by his grandfather Adam Winthrop (d. 1562) of Lavenham. In 1544 the latter acquired a 500-acre estate that had been part of the monastery of Bury St. Edmunds. John Winthrop emigrated from Groton, Suffolk, England, to Salem, MA, in 1630 because of Charles I’s anti-Puritan policies. By the time of his death he had had four wives and 16 children, the most notable of whom was his son John (1606–76), a scientist and governor of CT. His descendants were prominent in politics and science, including John Winthrop (1714–79), an astronomer, and Robert Winthrop (1809–94), a senator and speaker of the House of Representatives.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from the personal name Will.George Willis is recorded in Boston, MA, in the 1630s. Nathianel Willis, born in Boston in 1780, and his son Nathaniel Parker Willis, born in Portland, ME, in 1806, were both prominent journalists.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of the various places, for example in Derbyshire, County Durham, Gloucestershire, Staffordshire, Wiltshire, and West Yorkshire, so named from Old English stÄn ‘stone’ + lÄ“ah ‘wood’, ‘clearing’.Americanized form of any of various like-sounding names in other European languages, for example Polish Stanislawski and Greek Anastasiou.The explorer and journalist Sir Henry Morton Stanley (1841–1904) was born John Rowlands in Denbigh, Wales, but traveled as a cabin boy in 1858 from Liverpool, England, to New Orleans, LA, where he was adopted by a merchant surnamed Stanley. From the late 1860s he worked as a correspondent for the New York Herald, and traveled extensively in Africa.
ENGINEERING JOURNAL
ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Biblical
or Jonas, a dove; he that oppresses; destroyer
Boy/Male
Tamil
The presence of divinity of each soul, I am him . every soul has a presence of God in it.god is within
Girl/Female
Tamil
Swarnalata | ஸà¯à®µà®°à¯à®£à®²à®¤à®¾
Lustrous
Boy/Male
Muslim
White Falcon. King of Falcons.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Broken Egg Shells (Celestial Trinary Star System in Constellation Eridanus)
Girl/Female
Indian, Sindhi
Smile
Boy/Male
Hindu
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord God, Lord Ganesh, Lord of the best
Boy/Male
Tamil
A season, Lioness
Boy/Male
Indian
Appearance, Face, Countenance
ENGINEERING JOURNAL
ENGINEERING JOURNAL
ENGINEERING JOURNAL
ENGINEERING JOURNAL
ENGINEERING JOURNAL
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Engender
a.
Pertaining to journals or to journalists; contained in, or characteristic of, the public journals; as journalistic literature or enterprise.
n.
Air infected with some noxious substance capable of engendering disease; esp., an unhealthy exhalation from certain soils, as marshy or wet lands, producing fevers; miasma.
n.
The conductor of a public journal, or one whose business it to write for a public journal; an editorial or other professional writer for a periodical.
n.
One who keeps a journal or diary.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Journalize
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Engineer
n.
A person skilled in the principles and practice of any branch of engineering. See under Engineering, n.
n.
Originally, the art of managing engines; in its modern and extended sense, the art and science by which the mechanical properties of matter are made useful to man in structures and machines; the occupation and work of an engineer.
n.
The keeping of a journal or diary.
v. t.
To enter or record in a journal or diary.
v. t.
To examine with the eye to make a preliminary examination or survey of; esp., to survey with a view to military or engineering operations.
n.
The periodical collection and publication of current news; the business of managing, editing, or writing for, journals or newspapers; as, political journalism.
n.
Structures in civil, military, or naval engineering, as docks, bridges, embankments, trenches, fortifications, and the like; also, the structures and grounds of a manufacturing establishment; as, iron works; locomotive works; gas works.
v. i.
to conduct or contribute to a public journal; to follow the profession of a journalist.
n.
That branch of science, or of engineering, which treats of fluids in motion, especially of water, its action in rivers and canals, the works and machinery for conducting or raising it, its use as a prime mover, and the like.
n.
any preparation used to render an organism immune to some disease, by inducing or increasing the natural immunity mechanisms. Prior to 1995, such preparations usually contained killed organisms of the type for which immunity was desired, and sometimes used live organisms having attenuated virulence. since that date, preparations containing only specific antigenic portions of the pathogenic organism are also used, some of which are prepared by genetic engineering techniques.
n.
A piece of DNA, usually circular, functioning as part of the genetic material of a cell, not integrated with the chromosome and replicating independently of the chromosome, but transferred, like the chromosome, to subsequent generations. In bacteria, plasmids often carry the genes for antibiotic resistance; they are exploited in genetic engineering as the vehicles for introduction of extraneous DNA into cells, to alter the genetic makeup of the cell. The cells thus altered may produce desirable proteins which are extracted and used; in the case of genetically altered plant cells, the altered cells may grow into complete plants with changed properties, as for example, increased resistance to disease.
imp. & p. p.
of Journalize