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Unit of energy
In physics, an electronvolt (symbol eV), also written as electron-volt and electron volt, is a unit of measurement equivalent to the amount of kinetic
Electronvolt
Energy carried by a photon
unit. Among the units commonly used to denote photon energy are the electronvolt (eV) and the joule (as well as its multiples, such as the microjoule)
Photon_energy
Range of frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation
kilo-electronvolt 1×103 electronvolts Energy Per Photon eV electronvolt 1 electronvolt Energy Per Photon meV milli-electronvolt 1×10−3 electronvolts Energy
Electromagnetic_spectrum
Units used to measure energy
in atomic physics, particle physics, and high energy physics is the electronvolt (eV). One eV is equivalent to 1.602176634×10−19 J. In spectroscopy, the
Units_of_energy
Particle accelerator at CERN, Switzerland
The first collisions were achieved in 2010 at an energy of 3.5 tera-electronvolts (TeV) per beam, about four times the previous world record. The discovery
Large_Hadron_Collider
Decimal-based systems of measurement
for use with the SI. Some of these are decimalised, like the litre and electronvolt, and are considered "metric". Others, like the astronomical unit are
Metric_system
Physical quantity
US customary unit is the foot-pound. Other energy units such as the electronvolt, food calorie, thermodynamic kilocalorie and BTU are used in specific
Energy
Harmful high-frequency radiation
different energies. The energy of ionizing radiation starts around 10 electronvolts (eV). Ionizing subatomic particles include alpha particles, beta particles
Ionizing_radiation
SI derived unit of molar energy
describe reaction energetics are the kilocalorie per mole (kcal·mol−1), electronvolt per particle (eV), and wavenumbers in inverse centimeters (cm−1). 1 kJ·mol−1
Joule_per_mole
Modern form of the metric system
the degree (for measuring plane angles, 1° = (π /180) rad); and the electronvolt (a unit of energy, 1 eV = 1.602176634×10−19 J). Although the term metric
International_System_of_Units
Unit of energy, often used for electrical billing
Joule Watt-hour Kilowatt-hour Electronvolt Calorie 1 J = 1 kg⋅m2⋅s−2 = 1 2.77778 × 10−4 2.77778 × 10−7 6.241 × 1018 0.239 1 Wh = 3.6 × 103 1 0.001 2.247
Kilowatt-hour
Measurement unit derived from basic metric value
steradian (sr). Some other units such as the hour, litre, tonne, bar, and electronvolt are not SI units, but are widely used in conjunction with SI units. Until
SI_derived_unit
Tabular arrangement of the chemical elements
Graph of first ionisation energies of the elements in electronvolts (predictions used for elements 109–118)
Periodic_table
Burst of gamma rays produced in the Earth's atmosphere
last 0.2 to 3.5 milliseconds, and have energies of up to 20 million electronvolts. It is speculated that TGFs are caused by intense electric fields produced
Terrestrial_gamma-ray_flash
Physical quantity of hot and cold
customary to express temperature as energy in a unit related to the electronvolt or kiloelectronvolt (eV/kB or keV/kB). The corresponding energy, which
Temperature
Unit of energy in the atomic units system
computational chemistry: for experimental measurements at the atomic scale, the electronvolt (eV) or the reciprocal centimetre (cm−1) are much more widely used. E
Hartree
Hypothetical invisible cosmic material
achieved sensitivity to the plausible DFSZ axion model in the micro-electronvolt range by the early 2020s. The prevailing view among cosmologists remains
Dark_matter
Units that are not part of a coherent system
common in particle physics to use eV/c2 as a unit of mass. Here, eV (electronvolt) is a unit of energy (the kinetic energy of an electron accelerated over
List of non-coherent units of measurement
List_of_non-coherent_units_of_measurement
SI unit of energy
sugar crystal (0.102 mg/crystal). zeptojoule 160 zeptojoules is about 1 electronvolt. The minimal energy needed to change a bit of data in computation at
Joule
Less harmful range of electromagnetic energy
photon energies less than 10 electronvolts (eV) be considered non-ionizing. Another suggested threshold is 33 electronvolts, which is the energy needed
Non-ionizing_radiation
Chemical element with atomic number 1 (H)
ground state energy level of the electron in a hydrogen atom is −13.6 electronvolts (eV), equivalent to an ultraviolet photon of roughly 91 nanometers wavelength
Hydrogen
Reference value of length
Stoney unit of length lS 1.381×10−35 Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) unit of length lQCD 2.103×10−16 Natural units based on the electronvolt 1 eV−1 1.97×10−7
Unit_of_length
Variant of the metric system
use where every quantity is expressed by only one unit of energy, the electronvolt, with lengths, times, and so on all converted into units of energy by
Centimetre–gram–second system of units
Centimetre–gram–second_system_of_units
Tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons
dissociation energies, Ed, of the A–B, A–A and B–B bonds are expressed in electronvolts, the factor (eV)−1⁄2 being included to ensure a dimensionless result
Electronegativity
Smallest unit of a chemical element
unbind the electron from the atom, and is usually given in units of electronvolts (eV). The lowest energy state of a bound electron is called the ground
Atom
Physical constant relating particle kinetic energy with temperature
discovered and named the constant Symbol: kB, k Value in joules per kelvin 1.380649×10−23 J⋅K−1 Value in electronvolts per kelvin 8.617333262×10−5 eV⋅K−1
Boltzmann_constant
Gamma ray burst from a neutron star merger outside their galaxy
to have a gamma ray fluence of 3×10−4 erg cm−2 in the 10 to 1000 KeV (electronvolt) range making it second only to GRB 221009A, which was an extremely bright
GRB_230307A
Topics referred to by the same term
Vermessungswesen, the Austrian agency for national mapping and metronomy Billion-electronvolt (BeV), equivalent to the SI term GeV (gigaelectronvolt) BEVS may stand
Bev
Amount of matter present in an object
units include: the tonne (t) (or "metric ton"), equal to 1000 kg the electronvolt (eV), a unit of energy, used to express mass in units of eV/c2 through
Mass
Class of units of measurement for explosive energy
thermal units 3.086×109 foot-pounds 1.162×103 kilowatt-hours 2.611×1028 electronvolts 4.655×10−8 kilograms mass equivalent The relative effectiveness factor
TNT_equivalent
SI derived unit of voltage
joules per coulomb (energy per charge), which is also equivalent to electronvolts per elementary charge: V = A ⋅ Ω = Wb s = W A = J C = eV e . {\displaystyle
Volt
Obsolete metric unit prefix for 10^-14
surface energy of molecules in surface chemistry. It saw limited use. One electronvolt is about 160 micriergs. In 1991, the micrierg was officially designated
Micri-
Semiconductor materials with a larger band gap
semiconductors like silicon and selenium have a bandgap in the range of 0.7 – 1.5 electronvolt (eV), whereas wide-bandgap materials have bandgaps in the range above
Wide-bandgap_semiconductor
Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray
observatory in Utah, United States. It had an energy exceeding 240 exa-electronvolts (EeV) and was inferred through the two dozen particles it sent toward
Amaterasu_particle
Thermally induced flow of charge carriers from a surface
characteristic of the material and for most metals is on the order of several electronvolts (eV). Thermionic currents can be increased by decreasing the work function
Thermionic_emission
Device for trapping charged particles
atom traps, ion traps have deeper trapping potentials (up to several electronvolts) that are agnostic to the internal structure of the ions. The two most
Ion_trap
State of matter
elementary charge). Plasma temperature, commonly measured in kelvin or electronvolts, is a measure of the thermal kinetic energy per particle. High temperatures
Plasma_(physics)
Electricity generation by nuclear fusion
energy ions leaving at tens to hundreds of electronvolts. Alpha particles leaving at millions of electronvolts. Electrons leaving at high energy. Light
Fusion_power
ions). When the ion energy is in the range of a few tens of keV (kilo-electronvolt) these microprobes are usually called FIB (Focused ion beam). An FIB
Microprobe
Topics referred to by the same term
internal combustion engine Electric car, a type of electric vehicle Electronvolt (eV), in physics, a unit of energy Enterovirus, a genus of viruses Epidermodysplasia
EV
Camera developed by the European Space Agency
event is proportional to the photon energy and amounts to ~18,000 per electronvolt. As a result, if the device is operated in single-photon count mode the
Superconducting_camera
Cosmic-ray particle with a kinetic energy above 1 EeV
ray (UHECR) is a cosmic ray with an energy greater than 1 EeV (1018 electronvolts, approximately 0.16 joules), far beyond both the rest mass and energies
Ultra-high-energy_cosmic_ray
Hypothesis about sapient life and the universe
calculated the energy of this undiscovered resonance to be 7.6 million electronvolts. Willie Fowler's research group soon found this resonance, and its measured
Anthropic_principle
Comparison of a wide range of masses
grain. For subatomic particles, physicists use the mass-equivalent of an electronvolt (eV). At the atomic level, chemists use the mass of one-twelfth of a
Orders_of_magnitude_(mass)
Penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation
for X-ray and gamma ray photons with energies below 50 keV (thousand electronvolts), but it is much less important at higher energies. Compton scattering:
Gamma_ray
Elementary particle with extremely low mass
Collaboration) (February 2022). "Direct neutrino-mass measurement with sub-electronvolt sensitivity". Nature Physics. 18 (2): 160–166. arXiv:2105.08533. Bibcode:2022NatPh
Neutrino
Heuristic used in simulations of ions passing through solids
defect production by energetic ions (with kinetic energies in the kilo-electronvolt (keV) range or higher) in solids. In the method, the ion is approximated
Binary collision approximation
Binary_collision_approximation
Elementary particle with negative charge
over 10 billion kelvins and photons had mean energies over a million electronvolts. These photons were sufficiently energetic that they could react with
Electron
Quantity standard
released by detonating one million tons of trinitrotoluene, TNT) and the electronvolt. To reduce the incidence of retail fraud, many national statutes have
Unit_of_measurement
_{0}} , and c {\displaystyle c} is the speed of light. The units are electronvolts (eV), watts (W), centimeters (cm) and micrometers (μm). In atomic units
Ponderomotive_energy
wide range of neutron energies, from as low as a few hundredths of an electronvolt to as high as tens of megaelectronvolts. Much current research focuses
Neutron_spectroscopy
2006 fatal poisoning of Russian defector
detected, but a small gamma ray spike was noticed at an energy of 803 kilo-electronvolts (keV), barely visible above the background. The BBC reported that by
Poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko
Poisoning_of_Alexander_Litvinenko
Energy range in a solid where no electron states exist
solids, the band gap refers to the energy difference (often expressed in electronvolts) between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction
Band_gap
Charge carried by one proton or electron
and the unit of charge e lost its name. However, the unit of energy electronvolt (eV) is a remnant of the fact that the elementary charge was once called
Elementary_charge
Unit of energy
285067×10−3 British thermal units 0.3240483 calories 8.462350×1018 electronvolts = 8.462350×109 gigaelectronvolts 1 foot pound-force per second is equivalent
Foot-pound_(energy)
pulses (~10−14 s) of coherent radiation in the energy range from 10 eV (electronvolt) to 300 eV. It started operation for external users in the year 2005
FLASH
shares some basic principles with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). electronvolt (eV) A unit of energy equal to approximately 1.6×10−19 joule. By definition
Glossary_of_physics
Chemical element with atomic number 108 (Hs)
(quantitatively, spin–orbit splitting in expressed in energy units, such as electronvolts). These relativistic effects are responsible for the expected increase
Hassium
Spatially localized group of electrically charged particles travelling in same direction
atomic nuclei the mean energy of the particles, often expressed in electronvolts (typically keV to GeV) the (average) particle current, often expressed
Charged_particle_beam
Energy needed to remove an electron
energy. In physics, ionization energy (IE) is usually expressed in electronvolts (eV) or joules (J). In chemistry, it is expressed as the energy to ionize
Ionization_energy
Imaging and diffraction using electrons that pass through samples
at atomic scales. (Even for electrons with a kinetic energy of just 1 electronvolt the wavelength is already as short as 1.18 nm.) In April 1932, Ruska
Transmission electron microscopy
Transmission_electron_microscopy
2015 Japanese space observatory
extremely high energy region of teraelectronvolts (TeV, one trillion electronvolts). These measurements are recorded on the space station and sent to a
Calorimetric Electron Telescope
Calorimetric_Electron_Telescope
poles of 0.4 keV = 400 eV corresponds to approximately 4640000 K (see Electronvolt#Temperature) Hypothetical Planet Nine may be challenged by the discovery
List_of_exoplanet_extremes
German physicist
resonance, which enables single-atom measurements on spins with nano-electronvolt precision REF1, REF2. In 2022 his team demonstrated the extension of
Andreas_J._Heinrich
Magnetic confinement device used to produce thermonuclear fusion power
occurred at a lower energy than other reactions, peaking at about 100,000 electronvolts (100 keV). Accelerator-based fusion is not practical because the reactor
Tokamak
Criterion for igniting a nuclear fusion chain reaction
{\displaystyle W=3nT} where T {\displaystyle T} is the temperature in electronvolt (eV) and n {\displaystyle n} is the particle density. The volume rate
Lawson_criterion
Change in energies of a thermodynamic system with respect to particle number
mole, and the energy per particle is conventionally given in units of electronvolt (eV). Chemical potential plays an especially important role in solid-state
Chemical_potential
Plasma device using external magnets to confine plasma
occurred at a lower energy than any other fuel, peaking at about 100,000 electronvolts (100 keV). 100 keV corresponds to a temperature of about one billion
Stellarator
Energy change of a nucleus after radioactive decay
usually quoted in terms of the energy units MeV (million electronvolts) or keV (thousand electronvolts): Q [MeV] = − 931.5 Δ M [Da] , ( where Δ M =
Decay_energy
Experiment for measuring antineutrino mass
The KATRIN Collaboration. "Direct neutrino-mass measurement with sub-electronvolt sensitivity", Nat. Phys. 18, 160–166 (2022). doi:10.1038/s41567-021-01463-1
KATRIN
Spectroscopic technique
below. Although these energy shifts are tiny (often less than a micro-electronvolt), the extremely narrow spectral linewidths of gamma rays for some radionuclides
Mössbauer_spectroscopy
Scientific facility in Oxfordshire, England
Equivalent to accelerating them through a voltage of 3 billion volts; 1 electronvolt is the energy an electron gains when accelerated by a potential difference
Diamond_Light_Source
Highest particle energy in a Fermi gas at absolute zero
This number density produces a Fermi energy of the order of 2 to 10 electronvolts. Stars known as white dwarfs have mass comparable to the Sun, but have
Fermi_energy
Characteristic values of a plasma
{\displaystyle E} and temperature T {\displaystyle T} which are in electronvolts. For the sake of simplicity, a single ionic species is assumed. The
Plasma_parameters
Luminescence induced by sound waves
excitation energy of dioxygenyl cations, which they observed, is 18 electronvolts (2.9×10−18 J). From this observation, they conclude the core temperatures
Sonoluminescence
Instrument on the Parker Solar Probe
designed to detect from about 20 keV per nucleon up to 15 MeV (mega electronvolts) total energy, and for electrons from about 25 keV up to 1000 keV. EPI-Hi
Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun
Integrated_Science_Investigation_of_the_Sun
Gamma radiation with photon energies between 100GeV and 100TeV
(gigaelectronvolt) to 100 TeV (teraelectronvolt), i.e., 1011 to 1014 electronvolts. This is approximately equal to wavelengths between 10−17 and 10−20
Very-high-energy_gamma_ray
Topics referred to by the same term
European embedded value, a type of embedded value in finance EeV (1018 electronvolts), a unit of energy EEVBlog (Electronics Engineering Video Blog), a blog
EEV
Lighthouse in Tasmania, Australia
Focal height 85 metres (279 ft) Light source 1,000 watts (1.3 hp) 120 electronvolts (19 aJ) Tungsten Halogen Lamp Intensity 550,000 cd Range 24 nautical
Cape_Wickham_Lighthouse
Theory of fundamental physics
interstellar vacuum acquires a tiny mass which is estimated to be about 10−35 electronvolt. One can also derive an effective potential for the Higgs sector which
Superfluid_vacuum_theory
Record-breaking gamma-ray burst
they probably would have reached energies of 1 ZeV or greater (1021 electronvolts), almost an order of magnitude more energetic than the Oh-My-God particle
GRB_221009A
Planned class of destroyers, for the Kriegsmarine
diesel generators, for a total output of 520 kilowatts (700 hp) at 220 electronvolts (35 aJ). They were to have 70,000 shaft horsepower (52,000 kW) at 390
Type_1936C_destroyer
Universe's background particle radiation composed of neutrinos
average neutrino mass. Since this mass is tiny, of the order of a few electronvolts or less, such a detector must have an excellent energy resolution in
Cosmic_neutrino_background
Comparison of a large range of energies
a neutrino in particle physics (0.28 eV) 10−19 1.602176634×10−19 J 1 electronvolt (eV) by definition. This value is exact as a result of the 2019 revision
Orders_of_magnitude_(energy)
Analytical method
dependent upon the electron energy applied to the system, typically 70 eV (electronvolts). The use of 70 eV facilitates comparison of generated spectra with
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Gas_chromatography–mass_spectrometry
Lighthouse in New South Wales, Australia
light was electrified and automated. The current light source is a 120-electronvolt (19 aJ) 1,000-watt (1.3 hp), quartz halogen lamp and the power source
Nobbys_Head_Light
Space telescope for gamma-ray astronomy launched in 2008
detects photons with energy from about 20 million to about 300 billion electronvolts (20 MeV to 300 GeV), with a field of view of about 20% of the sky; it
Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Fermi_Gamma-ray_Space_Telescope
Theorem in classical statistical mechanics
valence electrons in a metal can have a mean kinetic energy of a few electronvolts, which would normally correspond to a temperature of tens of thousands
Equipartition_theorem
Concept in theoretical physics
value is the scale of the strong interactions, μ = ΛQCD (~200 mega-electronvolts). Conversely, the coupling becomes weak at very high energies (asymptotic
Renormalization_group
Satellite X-ray telescope
assembly was sensitive to X-rays between 0.1 and 2 keV (one thousand Electronvolt). In addition, a British-supplied extreme ultraviolet (XUV) telescope
ROSAT
Proposed aircraft stealth technology
particle per cubic metre. Electron temperature is usually expressed as electronvolt (eV), and 1 eV is equivalent to 11,604 K. Common plasmas temperature
Plasma_stealth
Particle accelerator designed to produce intense x-ray beams
to tune an intense beam of light at a desired energy/wavelength (sub-electronvolt up to the megaelectronvolt range) Pulsed light emission (pulse durations
Synchrotron_light_source
British physicist (1897–1967)
thought. In fact, he calculated that protons with energy of just 300,000 electronvolts would be able to penetrate a boron nucleus. Cockcroft and Walton worked
John_Cockcroft
Difference between actual mass and mass number for nuclei
reaction kinematics are customarily performed in units involving the electronvolt, which derives from accelerator technology. The combination of this practical
Mass_excess
Measurement of kinetic energy spectra
core electrons, and at the time had an energy resolution of about 1 eV (electronvolt). The ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) was pioneered by Feodor
Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
Ultraviolet_photoelectron_spectroscopy
1914 confirmation of the atom's quantum nature
collision, the electron inside occupies a higher energy level with 4.9 electronvolts (eV) more energy. This means that the electron is more loosely bound
Franck–Hertz_experiment
Overview of and topical guide to energy
energy, although in scientific fields one commonly uses joule (~1.356 J). Electronvolt (eV) – the amount of energy gained by a single unbound electron when
Outline_of_energy
One of the world's most powerful linear accelerators
diverse forefront basic and applied research. Since 1972, the 800-million-electronvolt (MeV) accelerator and its attendant facilities at Technical Area 53 of
Los Alamos Neutron Science Center
Los_Alamos_Neutron_Science_Center
Model of electrons within a metallic solid
temperature. For metals the Fermi energy is in the order of units of electronvolts above the free electron band minimum energy. The 3D density of states
Free_electron_model
8879346 g dram (avoirdupois) dr av ≡ 27+11⁄32 gr = 1.7718451953125 g electronvolt mass-equivalent eV/c2 ≡ 1 eV / c2 = 1.78266184(45)×10−36 kg gamma γ ≡
List_of_conversion_factors
ELECTRONVOLT
ELECTRONVOLT
ELECTRONVOLT
ELECTRONVOLT
Surname or Lastname
English (West Midlands)
English (West Midlands) : habitational name from some minor place, such as Lockleywood in Hinstock, Shropshire, which is named from Old English loc(a) ‘enclosure’ + lēah ‘wood’, ‘glade’.
Boy/Male
Sikh
Lion
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
One Absorbed in Divine Light and Knowledge
Boy/Male
Indian
Ocean
Girl/Female
Celtic American English French German Shakespearean Teutonic
noble.
Girl/Female
American, Christian, Gujarati, Hebrew, Indian, Sikh
An Ewe; A Little Lamb; Sister of Guru Nanak
Surname or Lastname
English and South German
English and South German : occupational name for a shoemaker or cobbler (rarely a tailor), from Middle English suter, souter, Middle High German sūter, sūtære (from Latin sutor, an agent derivative of suere ‘to sew’).
Male
Egyptian
, a son of Her-hor-si-amen.
Girl/Female
Indian
Generous, Loyal, Close, Intimate, Friendly
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Hatcher.
ELECTRONVOLT
ELECTRONVOLT
ELECTRONVOLT
ELECTRONVOLT
ELECTRONVOLT