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Optical component which splits light into several beams
In optics, a diffraction grating is a grating with a periodic structure of appropriate scale so as to diffract light, or another type of electromagnetic
Diffraction_grating
Type of diffraction grating
A blazed grating – also called echelette grating (from French échelle = ladder) – is a special type of diffraction grating. It is optimized to achieve
Blazed_grating
Framework of spaced bars that are parallel to or cross each other
visual performs a Fourier analysis on retinal images. Grating can also refer to a diffraction grating: a reflecting or transparent optical component on which
Grating
Physical law regarding scattering angles of radiation through a medium
plane Crystal lattice Diffraction Distributed Bragg reflector Fiber Bragg grating Dynamical theory of diffraction Electron diffraction Georg Wulff Henderson
Bragg's_law
Interference phenomenon of waves
(1638–1675) observed the diffraction patterns caused by a bird feather, which was effectively the first diffraction grating to be discovered. Thomas Young
Diffraction
Type of diffraction grating used in spectrometers
An echelle grating (from French échelle, meaning "ladder") is a type of diffraction grating characterised by a relatively low groove density, but a groove
Echelle_grating
Optical device for selecting part of a spectrum
phenomenon of optical dispersion in a prism, or that of diffraction using a diffraction grating, to spatially separate the colors of light. It usually
Monochromator
Lines radiating from bright light sources in photographs
how fine these support rods are, they diffract the incoming light from a subject star. This appears as diffraction spikes, which are the Fourier transform
Diffraction_spike
Dispersive optical device
Echelle grating, since it also uses high diffraction orders. To overcome this disadvantage, the VIPA can be combined with a diffraction grating. The VIPA
Virtually_imaged_phased_array
Type of distributed Bragg reflector constructed in a short segment of optical fiber
Dielectric mirror Diffraction Diffraction grating Distributed temperature sensing by fiber optics Hydrogen sensor Long-period fiber grating PHOSFOS project
Fiber_Bragg_grating
Optical phenomenon
thin film is typically not individual wavelengths as produced by a diffraction grating or prism, but rather are a mixture of various wavelengths. Therefore
Thin-film_interference
Colour in living creatures caused by interference effects
interference is created by a range of photonic mechanisms, including diffraction gratings, selective mirrors, photonic crystals, crystal fibres, matrices of
Structural_coloration
Type of gunsight
light to land on the holographic grating. The holographic grating is a blazed diffraction grating designed to diffract only the particular required wavelength
Holographic_weapon_sight
Physics experiment
in gold foil. In 1999, a quantum interference experiment (using a diffraction grating, rather than two slits) was successfully performed with buckyball
Double-slit_experiment
Near-field diffraction effect
effect is a diffraction effect first observed in 1836 by Henry Fox Talbot. When a plane wave is incident upon a periodic diffraction grating, the image
Talbot_effect
German physicist (1787–1826)
glass, an achromatic telescope, and objective lenses. He developed diffraction gratings and also invented the spectroscope. In 1814, he discovered and studied
Joseph_von_Fraunhofer
Far-field diffraction
Fraunhofer diffraction equation is used to model the diffraction of waves when plane waves are incident on a diffracting object, and the diffraction pattern
Fraunhofer_diffraction
Elastic interaction of x-rays with electrons
sources. Similar diffraction patterns can be produced by related scattering techniques such as electron diffraction or neutron diffraction. If single crystals
X-ray_diffraction
Technique to characterize materials using X-ray radiation
painstakingly produced numerous diamond-ruled glass diffraction gratings for their spectrometers. The law of diffraction of a crystal is called Bragg's law in their
X-ray_spectroscopy
second diffraction grating to compensate time delays introduced to the pulse by the first grating and other dispersive optical elements. Diffraction gratings
Ultrafast_monochromator
Device used to disperse light
generally disperse light over a much larger frequency bandwidth than diffraction gratings, making them useful for broad-spectrum spectroscopy. Furthermore
Dispersive_prism
Optical system setup in photolithography
pitch of the grating is decreasing. (In other words, the light of a non-zero diffraction order propagates from the diffraction grating at a larger angle
Off-axis_illumination
Photodetector sensitive to infrared radiation
the total optical input power couples to the detector. A metallic diffraction grating is patterned on top of the device to couple the impinging light to
Quantum_cascade_detector
Phenomenon in optics
extracted by the introduction of a phase-matching element, such as a diffraction grating or prism. Such guided modes are also called "leaky modes", as they
Guided-mode_resonance
Earth shield to reduce sunlight
large diffraction grating (thin wire mesh) in space, perhaps at the L1 point between the Earth and the Sun. A proposal for a 3,000 ton diffraction mesh
Space_sunshade
Study involving matter and electromagnetic radiation
Rather, spectroscopy involves the splitting of light by a prism, diffraction grating, or similar instrument, to display a particular discrete line pattern
Spectroscopy
Equipment using an organic dye to emit coherent light
triplet absorption and to decrease degradation of the dye. A prism or diffraction grating is usually mounted in the beam path, to allow tuning of the beam
Dye_laser
Optical property
can also generate a diffraction grating, but the iridescence is not visible to humans and flower-visiting insects as the diffraction signal is masked by
Iridescence
Anomalous diffraction at metallic gratings
refers to the rapid variation of light intensity at diffracted spectral orders in metallic gratings. It was first observed by American physicist Robert
Wood's_anomaly
Type of laser diode
structured element or diffraction grating. The structure builds a one-dimensional interference grating (Bragg scattering), and the grating provides optical
Distributed-feedback_laser
Instrument to measure the properties of visible light
marking wavelengths of light. Modern spectroscopes generally use a diffraction grating, a movable slit, and some kind of photodetector, all automated and
Optical_spectrometer
Concept in wave optics
{\displaystyle l} is the length of the cavity. The free spectral range of a diffraction grating is the largest wavelength range for a given order that does not overlap
Free_spectral_range
Phenomenon resulting from the superposition of two waves
This is the principle behind, for example, 3-phase power and the diffraction grating. In both of these cases, the result is achieved by uniform spacing
Wave_interference
Transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that refract light
types of compound prisms Féry prism Grism, a dispersive prism with a diffraction grating on its surface Littrow prism with mirror on its rear facet Pellin–Broca
Prism_(optics)
Type of light sensor
diffraction and analyzer gratings line up, while at other incident angles light passed by the diffraction grating is blocked by the analyzer grating.
Angle-sensitive_pixel
Diffraction grating produced by interfering ultrasonic waves
An ultrasonic grating is a type of diffraction grating produced by the interference of ultrasonic waves in a medium, which alters the physical properties
Ultrasonic_grating
Technique to analyze the infrared spectrum of matter
Measurements in the far infrared needed the development of accurately ruled diffraction gratings to replace the prisms as dispersing elements, since salt crystals
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
Fourier-transform_infrared_spectroscopy
Optical component
A Ronchi ruling, Ronchi grating, or Ronchi mask, named after the Italian physicist Vasco Ronchi, is a constant-interval bar and space square-wave optical
Ronchi_ruling
Micro projection technology
The grating light valve (GLV) is a "micro projection" technology that operates using a dynamically adjustable diffraction grating. It competes with other
Grating_light_valve
Form of gas laser
the frequency tuning element is almost always a diffraction grating. By rotating the diffraction grating, a particular rotational line of the vibrational
Carbon-dioxide_laser
Experimental method in X-ray diffraction
Powder diffraction is a scientific technique using X-ray, neutron, or electron diffraction on powder or microcrystalline samples for structural characterization
Powder_diffraction
Semiconductor laser
wavelength-selective mirror is a periodically structured diffraction grating with high reflectivity. The diffraction grating is within a non-pumped, or passive, region
Laser_diode
Recording to reproduce a three-dimensional light field
pattern is a diffraction grating. When it is illuminated by only one of the waves used to create it, it can be shown that one of the diffracted waves emerges
Holography
Imaging systems using changes in phase
different diffraction orders are separated at the camera. There exists a pair of diffracted beams that co-propagate from the third grating to the camera
Phase-contrast_X-ray_imaging
Type of angular momentum in light
the phase of the light is with a diffraction grating. For an l = 0 {\displaystyle l=0} state, the diffraction grating would consist of parallel lines.
Orbital angular momentum of light
Orbital_angular_momentum_of_light
Difference between a measured value of a quantity and its true value
already known quantities. For example, a spectrometer fitted with a diffraction grating may be checked by using it to measure the wavelength of the D-lines
Observational_error
European optical space observatory for astrometry
measurements than an equivalent visible-light mission due to the broader diffraction pattern at longer wavelengths. It would at the same time improve the
Gaia_(spacecraft)
Diffraction of matter by light
consisting of the diffraction of matter by a standing wave of light, in complete analogy to the diffraction of light by a periodic grating, but with the role
Kapitsa–Dirac_effect
Mathematical explanation of far field diffraction
Fraunhofer diffraction equation is used to model the diffraction of waves when the diffraction pattern is viewed at a long distance from the diffracting object
Fraunhofer diffraction equation
Fraunhofer_diffraction_equation
Overview article
to understand interference and diffraction. Interference occurs when one or more wavefronts are superimposed. Diffraction occurs when a wavefront encounters
Physics_of_optical_holography
Fraction of optical power diffracted by an optical element
In optics, diffraction efficiency is the performance of diffractive optical elements – especially diffraction gratings – in terms of power throughput
Diffraction_efficiency
Range of spectroscopic analysis
spectrophotometer are a light source, a holder for the sample, a diffraction grating or a prism as a monochromator to separate the different wavelengths
Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy
Ultraviolet–visible_spectroscopy
Frequencies of light emitted by atoms or chemical compounds
discovered the principles of diffraction grating and American astronomer David Rittenhouse made the first engineered diffraction grating. In 1821 Joseph von Fraunhofer
Emission_spectrum
American astronomer (1732–1796)
American to sight Uranus. In 1785, Rittenhouse made perhaps the first diffraction grating using 50 hairs between two finely threaded screws, with an approximate
David_Rittenhouse
Wave phenomenon
the diffracting object. When the diffracting object has a periodic structure, for example in a diffraction grating, the features generally become sharper
Diffraction_from_slits
Type of optical diffraction grating
In optics, a holographic grating is a type of diffraction grating formed by an interference-fringe field of two laser beams whose standing-wave pattern
Holographic_grating
Study of classical optics using Fourier transforms
non-uniform patterns on reticles, a simple diffraction grating analysis may not provide the details of how light is diffracted from each reticle. Light can be described
Fourier_optics
Optical element that reflects and diffracts light
portmanteau of grating-prism. Diffraction grating Echelle grating Slitless spectroscopy Palmer, C., & Loewen, E. G. (2005). Diffraction Grating Handbook Newport
Grism
Non-diffractive wave
axisymmetric diffraction gratings, or by placing a narrow annular aperture in the far field. High order Bessel beams can be generated by spiral diffraction gratings
Bessel_beam
Image artifact in a lens system
appears. This artifact is formed by internal diffraction on the image sensor, which acts like a diffraction grating. Unlike true lens flare, this artifact is
Lens_flare
Filter that rejects signals inside a certain range
detector. They rely on scattering or destructive interference. A diffraction grating or a dispersive prism may be used to selectively redirect selected
Band-stop_filter
Interaction of light with material waves in a medium
energy) in preferential directions, as if by diffraction caused by an oscillating 3-dimensional diffraction grating. If the medium is a solid crystal, a macromolecular
Brillouin_scattering
Precursor of the free-electron laser
electrons very closely parallel to the surface of a ruled optical diffraction grating, and thereby generated visible light. Smith showed there was negligible
Smith–Purcell_effect
Branch of physics that studies light
situations such as diffraction through a single gap, diffraction through multiple slits, or diffraction through a diffraction grating that contains a large
Optics
Degree to which a process minimizes waste of resources
a photosensitive device Grating efficiency, a generalization of the reflectance of a mirror, extended to a diffraction grating Productivity improving technologies
Efficiency
Classification of stars based on spectral properties
radiation from the star is analyzed by splitting it with a prism or diffraction grating into a spectrum exhibiting the rainbow of colors interspersed with
Stellar_classification
Crystallographic electron diffraction technique
times larger, the electrons are diffracted on the crystal lattice, acting as a diffraction grating. Due to the diffraction, part of the electrons is scattered
Selected_area_diffraction
Ways in which length, distance or range can be measured
measuring long distances. For tiny objects such as crystals and diffraction gratings, diffraction is used with X-ray light, or even electron beams. Measurement
Length_measurement
Type of common-path interferometer
a diffraction grating interferometer by Kwon and the Phase-Shifting Point Diffraction Interferometer. Gary Sommargren proposed a point diffraction interferometer
Point diffraction interferometer
Point_diffraction_interferometer
Device used to focus light using diffraction
open-source zone-plate image generator is available. Arago spot Diffraction grating Fresnel imager Fresnel lens Fresnel number Fresnel zone antenna Photon
Zone_plate
Branch of spectroscopy
spectrophotometers use a monochromator containing a diffraction grating to produce the analytical spectrum. The grating can either be movable or fixed. If a single
Spectrophotometry
Optical device
Multiple-prism grating laser oscillators, or MPG laser oscillators, use multiple-prism beam expansion to illuminate a diffraction grating mounted either
Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator
Multiple-prism_grating_laser_oscillator
Technology for creating optical illusions
Han-O-Disc record with diffraction grating 'Rainbow' film (outside ring), color shifting Rowlux (middle ring) and "silver balls" Rowlux film (center of
Lenticular_printing
Function for integral Fourier-like transform
registering surface. Multiple, closely spaced openings (e.g., a diffraction grating), can result in a complex pattern of varying intensity. The word
Wavelet
British physicist
collector. He is particularly noted for his work on spectroscopy and diffraction gratings. Born in Wimbledon, Surrey, Thomas Ralph Merton was the only son
Thomas_Ralph_Merton
Instrument installed on the Hubble Space Telescope
single holographically ruled aspheric concave diffraction grating simultaneously focuses and diffracts the incoming light and corrects both for the HST
Cosmic_Origins_Spectrograph
Type of electromagnetic spectroscopy
common type of monochromator utilizes a diffraction grating, that is, collimated light illuminates a grating and exits with a different angle depending
Fluorescence_spectroscopy
Family of birds
acting as a diffraction grating. Iridescent hummingbird colors result from a combination of refraction and pigmentation, since the diffraction structures
Hummingbird
Diamond created by controlled processes
perfection of single-crystalline diamond enough to replace silicon as a diffraction grating and window material in high-power radiation sources, such as synchrotrons
Synthetic_diamond
Scottish mathematician and astronomer
James Gregory discovered the diffraction grating by passing sunlight through a bird feather and observing the diffraction pattern produced. In particular
James_Gregory_(mathematician)
Equation
Kirchhoff's diffraction formula. Beam expander Dirac's notation Fraunhofer diffraction (mathematics) Free-space optical communications Grating equation Laser
N-slit interferometric equation
N-slit_interferometric_equation
Technique used for determining crystal structures and identifying mineral compounds
beam of incident X-rays to diffract in specific directions. By measuring the angles and intensities of the X-ray diffraction, a crystallographer can produce
X-ray_crystallography
Used to measure spectral components of light
wavelengths of light are separated by refraction in a prism or by diffraction by a diffraction grating. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy is an example. These spectrometers
Spectrometer
Non-destructive chromatography detector measuring UV or visible light absorption
these detectors have a light source, a dispersion element that is a diffraction grating or prism, a flow cell, to where the sample arrives directly from
UV_detectors
Electric light bulb with a resistively heated wire filament
light bulb in the world. Various lighting spectra as viewed in a diffraction grating. Upper left: fluorescent lamp, upper right: incandescent bulb, lower
Incandescent_light_bulb
in interference lithography and diffraction grating fabrication. It has fabricated the high energy transmission gratings for one of NASA's Great Observatories
Space Nanotechnology Laboratory
Space_Nanotechnology_Laboratory
Chemical element with atomic number 76 (Os)
Retrieved June 4, 2009. Torr, Marsha R. (1985). "Osmium coated diffraction grating in the Space Shuttle environment: performance". Applied Optics. 24
Osmium
Measurement method using interference of waves
interferometer include the Fresnel biprism, the Billet Bi-Lens, diffraction-grating Michelson interferometer, and the Rayleigh interferometer. In 1803
Interferometry
Emission of secondary X-rays from a material excited by high-energy X-rays
emitted by the sample are directed into a diffraction grating-based monochromator. The diffraction grating used is usually a single crystal. By varying
X-ray_fluorescence
Optical multiplexer component
Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) are commonly used as optical (de)multiplexers in wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) systems. These devices are capable
Arrayed_waveguide_grating
Spatial frequency of a wave
and the physics of wave scattering, such as X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, electron diffraction, and elementary particle physics. For quantum mechanical
Wavenumber
Study of interactions between sound and light
light waves, especially the diffraction of laser light by ultrasound (or sound in general) through an ultrasonic grating. In general, acousto-optic effects
Acousto-optics
001712. Diffraction grating Liquid crystal Nersisyan, S. R.; Tabiryan, N. V.; Steeves, D. M.; Kimball, B. R. (March 2009). "Optical Axis Gratings in Liquid
Optical_axis_grating
Species of spider
specialized abdominal scales that contain three dimensional reflective diffraction grating structures. They can reflect light in both the visible and the ultraviolet
Maratus_volans
Measurement technique
of different interferometer techniques, three are most prevalent: diffraction grating interferometers. vertical scanning or coherence probe interferometers
White_light_interferometry
induced grating (EIG) is an optical interference phenomenon where an interference pattern is used to build a dynamic spatial diffraction grating in matter
Electromagnetically induced grating
Electromagnetically_induced_grating
spectrograph. Replacing the prism with a diffraction grating would result in a grating spectrometer. Optical gratings are less expensive, provide much higher
Prism_spectrometer
Optical devices treating collimated light
intracavity beam expansion usually illuminates the whole width of a diffraction grating. Thus beam expansion reduces the beam divergence and enables the
Beam_expander
wavelength used for recording. In this case diffraction of light from the hologram is possible only as Bragg diffraction, i.e., the light has to have the right
Volume_hologram
Type of solar sail
A diffractive solar sail, or diffractive lightsail, is a type of solar sail which relies on diffraction instead of reflection for its propulsion. Current
Diffractive_solar_sail
DIFFRACTION GRATING
DIFFRACTION GRATING
DIFFRACTION GRATING
DIFFRACTION GRATING
Female
Hungarian
 Feminine form of Hungarian Vilmos, VILMA means "will-helmet." Compare with another form of Vilma.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Dawn; Morning
Boy/Male
Indian, Modern, Tamil
Winning Person
Male
Hebrew
(עוּלָ×) Variant spelling of Hebrew unisex Ulla, ULA means "yoke." Compare with strictly feminine forms of Ula.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Iranian, Muslim, Parsi
Fortunate; Prosperous; Happy
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Writer; Scribe
Girl/Female
Latin American
Named for Latium.
Female
Scottish
Scottish Gaelic form of Scandinavian Ragnhild, RAGHNAID means "battle counsel."
Girl/Female
Irish
maol + Iosa “follower of Jesus.†A name first used by clerics as early as the tenth century. It is used for boys and girls.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Another name of Lord mailar lingappa
DIFFRACTION GRATING
DIFFRACTION GRATING
DIFFRACTION GRATING
DIFFRACTION GRATING
DIFFRACTION GRATING
n.
Confusion of affairs; tumult; disorder; as, political distractions.
n.
Agitation from violent emotions; perturbation of mind; despair.
superl.
Proceeding from, or indicating, madness; expressing distraction; prompted by infatuation, fury, or extreme rashness.
n.
Derangement of the mind; madness.
n.
Same as Diffraction.
n.
Any violent agitation of the mind approaching to distraction; violent and temporary derangement of the mental faculties; madness; rage.
n.
That which diverts attention; a diversion.
n.
A diversity of direction; detachment.
a.
That produces diffraction.
n.
A state of being distracted; distraction.
n.
A blowing apart or away.
n.
One of a number of light or dark bands, produced by the interference of light; a diffraction band; -- called also interference fringe.
n.
Violent distraction of mind; violent emotion; excessive grief of anxiety; insanity; madness.
n.
The act of infracting or breaking; breach; violation; nonobservance; infringement; as, an infraction of a treaty, compact, rule, or law.
n.
A deviation of the rays of light toward the surface of an opaque body; inflection; diffraction.
n.
The deflection and decomposition of light in passing by the edges of opaque bodies or through narrow slits, causing the appearance of parallel bands or fringes of prismatic colors, as by the action of a grating of fine lines or bars.
n.
State in which the attention is called in different ways; confusion; perplexity.
n.
A system of close equidistant and parallel lines lines or bars, especially lines ruled on a polished surface, used for producing spectra by diffraction; -- called also diffraction grating.
n.
The act of distracting; a drawing apart; separation.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Diffract