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Database encryption method
understand why column level encryption is different from other encryption methods like file level encryption, disk encryption, and database encryption, a basic
Column_level_encryption
Security and privacy measure
to encrypt individual columns allows for column-level encryption to be significantly more flexible when compared to encryption systems that encrypt an
Database_encryption
Database content encryption technology
to encrypt database files. TDE offers encryption at file level. TDE enables the encryption of data at rest, encrypting databases both on the hard drive
Transparent_data_encryption
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known by its original name Rijndael (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛindaːl], RAIN-dahl), is a specification for
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Transfer from the United States to another country of technology related to cryptography
for control are important: NS1 National Security Column 1 AT1 Anti-Terrorism Column 1 EI Encryption Items is currently same as NS1 For export purposes
Export of cryptography from the United States
Export_of_cryptography_from_the_United_States
Algorithm for public-key cryptography
is used in digital signature such as RSASSA-PSS or RSA-FDH, public-key encryption of very short messages (almost always a single-use symmetric key in a
RSA_cryptosystem
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
encryption and extensive defenses against even highly sophisticated quantum attacks, PQ3 is the first messaging protocol to reach what we call Level 3
Post-quantum_cryptography
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
American Mathematical recreations column Wayner, Peter (24 December 1997). "British Document Outlines Early Encryption Discovery". The New York Times. Archived
Cryptography
Early block substitution cipher
or Playfair square or Wheatstone–Playfair cipher is a manual symmetric encryption technique and was the first literal digram substitution cipher. The scheme
Playfair_cipher
Implementations of Advanced Encryption Standard
There are various implementations of the Advanced Encryption Standard, also known as Rijndael. Rijndael is free for any use public or private, commercial
AES_implementations
Stream ciphers
Odd round QR( 0, 4, 8, 12) // column 1 QR( 5, 9, 13, 1) // column 2 QR(10, 14, 2, 6) // column 3 QR(15, 3, 7, 11) // column 4 // Even round QR( 0, 1, 2
Salsa20
Type of cipher
authenticated via encryption. A block cipher uses blocks as an unvarying transformation. Even a secure block cipher is suitable for the encryption of only a single
Block_cipher
Instruction set extensions accelerating AES operations
Advanced Encryption Standard instruction set (AES instruction set) is a set of instructions that are specifically designed to perform AES encryption and decryption
AES_instruction_set
Computer network management and monitoring protocol
Security Model) provides authentication and privacy (encryption) functions and operates at the message level. VACM (View-based Access Control Model) determines
Simple Network Management Protocol
Simple_Network_Management_Protocol
Database software
compression of network communications, automatic log file rotation, blob encryption, etc. In 2024, Actian decided to withdraw the Actian X brand, making all
Ingres_(database)
Software system
advanced security option: FIPS encryption, Kerberos authentication, LDAP authentication, and Database column encryption. SAP IQ Security As part of ILM
SAP_IQ
the user's encryption key, ensuring privacy of the backup data. ^3Secure Key Management: If yes, the user holds and controls the encryption key. If no
Comparison of online backup services
Comparison_of_online_backup_services
Asymmetric encryption algorithm developed by Robert McEliece
asymmetric encryption algorithm developed in 1978 by Robert McEliece. It was the first such scheme to use randomization in the encryption process. The
McEliece_cryptosystem
Discrete, discontinuous representation of information
access controls such as usernames and password fail. Increasing encryption on multiple levels is recommended. Cryptography can be implemented on the database
Digital_data
Japanese diplomatic code named Purple by the US
"Type B Cipher Machine", codenamed Purple by the United States, was an encryption machine used by the Japanese Foreign Office from February 1939 to the
Type_B_Cipher_Machine
Portable web browser software
built-in wireless capability of the Nintendo DS. While WEP encryption is supported, WPA encryption is not. Nintendo has partnered with Internet security company
Nintendo_DS_Browser
Data protection process
whatever record is being masked. Encryption is often the most complex approach to solving the data masking problem. The encryption algorithm often requires that
Data_masking
Ability to deny responsibility
directions to end-to-end encryption: End-A-to-End-Z encryption must be rethought when it turns out to be an End-B-to-End-Z encryption. Since the key exchange
Plausible_deniability
Web browser
AJAX, DHTML Level 1, DOM Level 1, DOM Level 2, CSS Level 1, CSS Level 2, Frames, HTML 4.01, HTTP 1.0, HTTP 1.1, HTTPS 128-bit encryption, Feeds (RSS,
ThunderHawk
Keystroke logging software reportedly developed by the US FBI
messages, and Internet phone calls. It also matches files with captured encryption keys. The FBI intends to deploy Magic Lantern in the form of an e-mail
Magic_Lantern_(spyware)
Type of computer memory
to circumvent popular disk encryption systems, such as the open source TrueCrypt, Microsoft's BitLocker Drive Encryption, and Apple's FileVault. This
Dynamic_random-access_memory
Commercial service for proxied Internet access
Wi-Fi networks do not provide isolated encryption for each connected device, VPN services can provide a certain level of protection. When in use, potential
VPN_service
British paper cryptographic system
Battle Code, is a hand-held, paper-based encryption system used at a low, front line (platoon, troop and section) level in the British Army. It was introduced
BATCO
SQL relational database management system
with Bandwidth-Optimized Storage" and Sandor Héman: "Updating Compressed Column Stores", under supervision of another founder, professor Peter Boncz. The
Actian_Vector
and Windows Server 2003 is in fact a user-transparent filesystem-level encryption feature for NTFS. The file manager merely enables or disables it. Supported
Comparison_of_file_managers
Set of cryptographic hash functions
(yet) standardized by NIST, including a stream cipher, an authenticated encryption system, a "tree" hashing scheme for faster hashing on certain architectures
SHA-3
Copy-on-write file system
checksummed and then deduplicated, in that order. The policy for encryption is set at the dataset level when datasets (file systems or ZVOLs) are created. The wrapping
ZFS
Cloud storage and file synchronization service
and enabled encryption for data in transit between its data centers in November. However, Google Drive did not provide client-side encryption until 2021
Google_Drive
Relational model database server
directory services and network-based authentication and encryption using SSL and Kerberos. Encrypted Columns - Increases security parameters and allows for addition
Adaptive_Server_Enterprise
Study of analyzing information systems in order to discover their hidden aspects
problems in pure mathematics, the best-known being integer factorization. In encryption, confidential information (called the "plaintext") is sent securely to
Cryptanalysis
(called the host) to behave like another computer system. encryption In cryptography, encryption is the process of encoding information. This process converts
Glossary_of_computer_science
ARM Cortex-M based Microcontrollers by STMicroelectronics
Delivery including physical layer (PHY) Securable memory area AES hardware encryption The STM32 H7-series is a group of high performance STM32 microcontrollers
STM32
Enterprise resource planning software
Follow, Energy Points, Google Contacts, PDF Encryption, Raw Printing, Web Form Refactor, Custom columns in report 13.0 2020 Custom Desk, SLA on custom
ERPNext
Free online crowdsourced encyclopedia
China since May 2015. This was done after Wikipedia started to use HTTPS encryption, which made selective censorship more difficult. In 2017–18, after a barrage
Wikipedia
Low-level programming language family
common example is the bitwise rotation instruction at the core of many encryption algorithms, as well as querying the parity of a byte or the 4-bit carry
Assembly_language
signatures can be recognizable when interpreted as text. In the table below, the column "ISO 8859-1" shows how the file signature appears when interpreted as text
List_of_file_signatures
Array of logic gates that are reprogrammable
solutions to designers, such as bitstream encryption and authentication. For example, Altera and Xilinx offer AES encryption (up to 256-bit) for bitstreams stored
Field-programmable_gate_array
state) features: Encryption with AES-128 or AES-256 at the database block level Authentication with HMAC-SHA256 at the block level Fast hashing of encrypted
InfinityDB
Framework for cryptographic protocols
have used implementations of the Noise Framework to ensure end-to-end encryption for user communications. The framework remains a topic of development
Noise_Protocol_Framework
Relational model database server
center of user's choice. Encryption: Db2 on Cloud complies with data protection laws and includes at-rest database encryption and SSL connections. The
IBM_Db2
Cloud-based spreadsheet software
highlighted the lack of end-to-end encryption, despite all Google data, including Sheets, using AES-256 encryption. A data study conducted by students
Google_Sheets
15th-century codex in an unknown script
latter device, known as a Cardan grille, was invented around 1550 as an encryption tool, more than 100 years after the estimated creation date of the Voynich
Voynich_manuscript
Improved version of the vi text editor
trans-session command, search and cursor position histories, multiple level and branching undo/redo history which can persist across editing sessions
Vim_(text_editor)
issues occur in ERP systems at different levels. Traffic interception and modification Absence of data encryption In 2011, Sensepost specialists analyzed
ERP_security
2013 Microsoft operating system version
Windows 8.1 also features a transparent "device encryption" system based on BitLocker. Encryption begins as soon as a user begins using the system;
Windows_8.1
1999 Microsoft operating system version
this introduced disk quotas (provided by QuotaAdvisor), file-system-level encryption, sparse files and reparse points. Sparse files allow for the efficient
Windows_2000
Data storage technologies that use magnetic tape
turning off hardware compression and using software compression (and encryption if desired) instead.[citation needed] Plain text, raw images, and database
Magnetic-tape_data_storage
Paper based encryption system, used in the American civil war
Slidex was a hand-held, paper-based encryption system used at a low, front line (platoon, troop and section) level in the British Army during the Second
Slidex
Type of machine learning model
Atomic Scientists. Retrieved 10 April 2025. Wang, Yongge (20 June 2024). "Encryption Based Covert Channel for Large Language Models" (PDF). IACR ePrint 2024/586
Large_language_model
Soviet cipher machine
unit. Each punched card has 30 holes, with exactly one hole per row and column pair, and thereby specifies a permutation of the 30 rotor contact lines
Fialka
Peer-to-peer file sharing protocol
these efforts. Protocol header encrypt (PHE) and Message stream encryption/Protocol encryption (MSE/PE) are features of some BitTorrent clients that attempt
BitTorrent
Set of cryptographic hash functions
the shadow file) which may or may not be trivial. Reversing password encryption (e.g., to obtain a password to try against a user's account elsewhere)
SHA-2
Operating system from NeXT Computer
first commercial software distribution catalog to collectively manage encryption and provide digital rights for application software and digital media
NeXTSTEP
American company
is an American networking hardware company. It sells network traffic encryption tools. Array Networks was founded in 2000 by Lawrence Lu and is based
Array_Networks
Access control paradigm
Access Control Systems". stackoverflow.com. Sanford, Jim (28 March 2019). "Encryption on Steroids – Attribute Based Access Control (ABAC)". Siemens. Retrieved
Attribute-based access control
Attribute-based_access_control
Series of ergonomic keyboards designed by Microsoft
proprietary USB dongle. The receiver and keyboard communicate using 128-bit AES encryption and are permanently paired at the factory. Because of this, the dongle
Microsoft_ergonomic_keyboards
Realization of a certain method or idea in order to demonstrate its feasibility
the vendor makes a best-possible effort. In both computer security and encryption, proof of concept refers to a demonstration that in principle shows how
Proof_of_concept
Array of numbers
other mathematical objects with elements or entries arranged in rows and columns, usually satisfying certain properties of addition and multiplication.
Matrix_(mathematics)
Dutch research institute
association with Google announced a successful collision attack on SHA 1 encryption algorithm. CWI was an early user of the Internet in Europe, in the form
Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica
Centrum_Wiskunde_&_Informatica
Collaborative software platform
client–server and server–server authentication and for encryption of data. Until US laws regulating encryption were changed in 2000, IBM and Lotus were prohibited
HCL_Notes
Relational database management system program
configurations. V7.1 , released in March 2017 introduced support for TLS encryption for client networking. V7.5 released July 28, 2017 introduced the kafkaloader
VoltDB
Spreadsheet editor by Microsoft
the original password. In Excel 2003/XP the encryption is slightly better – a user can choose any encryption algorithm that is available in the system (see
Microsoft_Excel
E-SECBHR app. The system used security measures including blockchain encryption, facial recognition, voter ID verification, and device restrictions. According
Elections_in_Bihar
Character(s) for specifying the boundary between regions of data
data, organized as rows and columns, is often delimited. A field delimiter separates the columns of a row, with each column corresponding to a field in
Delimiter
British politician (born 1965)
he is critical of Conservative proposals to weaken encryption because, according to Davey, encryption is important for individual security and helping businesses
Ed_Davey
Unsolved problem in computer science
over the Internet. Symmetric ciphers such as AES or 3DES, used for the encryption of communications data. Cryptographic hashing, which underlies blockchain
P_versus_NP_problem
Family of stream ciphers
general-purpose hardware-dedicated ciphers that support single pass authenticated encryption and can operate as collision-resistant hash functions designed by Sean
VEST
IBM business software
Sockets Layer (SSL 3.0 / TLS 1.2) for server authentication and data encryption. User authentication is ensured by providing every user a unique password
IBM_Blueworks_Live
American journalist (born 1973)
regularly to the Wired blog, Threat Level, which focused on digital security. From 2013 to 2014, she wrote a column, Notes on a Strange World, at Medium
Quinn_Norton
Exposing of scandalous activity
phone numbers and/or web or app-based solutions that apply asymmetrical encryption.[citation needed] Private-sector whistleblowing is arguably more prevalent
Whistleblowing
Cryptographic primitive
related encryptions (fixed points or key-collisions). The resulting hash size is big enough. According to the birthday attack a security level of 280 (generally
One-way_compression_function
2013 open and royalty-free video coding format
proposal for including VP9 video in an MP4 container with MPEG Common Encryption. In January 2016, Ittiam demonstrated an OpenCL based VP9 encoder. The
VP9
Mobile browser developed by Opera Software
between the mobile device and the Opera proxy server for security. The encryption key is obtained on the first start by requesting random keys a certain
Opera_Mini
Proprietary database management system
became generally available in Oracle Database 23ai. In-Memory Column Store maintains a column-oriented copy of selected tables in memory in addition to the
Oracle_Database
Organized collection of data in computing
comprise, concluding specific valid credit-card numbers; e.g., see data encryption). Change and access logging records who accessed which attributes, what
Database
Information about military opponents
cables have been tapped as well. More exotic secret information, such as encryption keys, diplomatic message traffic, policy and orders of battle are usually
Military_intelligence
gzip Compressed file G3FC – Zstd based file container with support for encryption and FEC JAR – A Java application in a ZIP file based format LAWRENCE –
List_of_file_formats
Arcade system by Data East
This was largely identical to the normal 6502 but included hardware encryption that worked with the cassettes. A second unmodified 6502 running at 500 kHz
DECO_Cassette_System
Alias of Mark Felt, Watergate scandal whistleblower
was true. On June 2, 2005, The Washington Post ran a lengthy front-page column by Woodward in which he detailed his friendship with Felt in the years before
Deep_Throat_(Watergate)
Details of the open standard for office documents
orientation, margins, border (and its line width), padding, shadow, background, columns, print page order, first page number, scale, table centering, maximum footnote
OpenDocument technical specification
OpenDocument_technical_specification
National census every five years
protected through a number of measures, including a secure login process and encryption between the user's browser and Statistics Canada's servers. Census data
Census_in_Canada
Cryptology method
key ("ABLABL") encrypted using the daily key settings and starting the encryption at the ground setting/Grundstellung "FOL". The recipient would decipher
Grill_(cryptology)
Database management system
applications. It supports symmetric multiprocessing (SMP), on-disk AES-256 encryption, SQL-92 compliance, and ACID properties, and is available on Windows,
Embedded_database
Blakey's scheme Shamir's secret sharing Symmetric (secret key) encryption: Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), winner of NIST competition, also known as Rijndael
List_of_algorithms
British signals intelligence agency
Assisted Products Service (CAPS). In 1970 the concept for public-key encryption (public key infrastructure) was developed and proven by GCHQ's James H
GCHQ
networks, even if they have advanced IT security, including passwords and encryption. In cyberpunk stories and thrillers, they are depicted as rebellious young
List_of_stock_characters
2015 Microsoft operating system version
February 2018. Credentials are stored locally and protected using asymmetric encryption. In 2017, researchers demonstrated that Windows Hello could be bypassed
Windows_10
Family of database software by Microsoft
supported by SQL Server, asynchronous operations, query notifications, encryption support, as well as receiving multiple result sets in a single database
Microsoft_SQL_Server
Decryption of the cipher of the Enigma machine
case Enigma; second, breaking the system by establishing exactly how encryption takes place, and third, solving, which involves finding the way that the
Cryptanalysis_of_the_Enigma
8-bit microprocessor
Data Encryption/Decryption Unit + 1 O/P Port. It encrypts and decrypts 64-bit blocks of data using the Federal Information Processing Data Encryption Standard
Intel_8085
Policymaking departments of East Germany
the Central Committee's telecommunications and telex centers as well as encryption and news operations service. The department answered to the head of the
Departments of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany
Departments_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_Socialist_Unity_Party_of_Germany
1916 major naval battle during World War I
Wireless telegraphy was in use, though security (radio direction finding), encryption, and the limitation of the radio sets made their extensive use more problematic
Battle_of_Jutland
Eight-bit character encoding system invented by IBM
Professor: "So the American government went to IBM to come up with an encryption standard, and they came up with—" Student: "EBCDIC!" References to the
EBCDIC
Apple's media library and media player software
than one million songs. Music purchased was protected by FairPlay, an encryption layer referred to as digital rights management (DRM). The use of DRM,
ITunes
News leak publishing organisation
involved in the 2008 Peru oil scandal. In February, WikiLeaks cracked the encryption to and published NATO's Master Narrative for Afghanistan and three other
WikiLeaks
COLUMN LEVEL-ENCRYPTION
COLUMN LEVEL-ENCRYPTION
Male
Yiddish
(לֶעמְל) Yiddish name LEMEL means "little lamb; meek."
Male
Scottish
Scottish form of Latin Columba, COLUMB means "dove."
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Column; Pillar
Male
Scottish
Scottish form of Latin Columba, CALUM means "dove."
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Lovell, LOVEL means "little wolf."
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Colin, COLLIN means "whelp; young pup."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a late Old English personal name Lēofweald, composed of the elements lēof ‘dear’, ‘beloved’ + weald ‘power’, ‘rule’.French : variant spelling of Level.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly a variant spelling of Colton.
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Colleen, COLLYN means "girl."
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Colton, COLTEN means "Cola's settlement."
Male
Irish
Irish form of Latin Columba, COLUM means "dove."
Male
English
English form of Irish Colmán, COLMAN means "dove."
Male
Irish
 Old Irish form of Latin Columba, COLM means "dove." Compare with another form of Colm.
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Colleen, COLEEN means "girl."Â
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
King Richard III' Lord Lovel.
Male
English
 Short form of English Malcolm, COLM means "devotee of St. Columb." Compare with another form of Colm.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Column; Pillar
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : probably a variant of Colin or Collin.Galician : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Collin, a pet form of Coll 1.
Male
English
Middle English contracted form of Latin Columbanus, COLEMAN means "dove."
COLUMN LEVEL-ENCRYPTION
COLUMN LEVEL-ENCRYPTION
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord of all gods
Boy/Male
Hindu
Spontaneous
Girl/Female
Biblical American Greek
Green herb.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Goddess Parvathi
Girl/Female
Hebrew American French
May Jehovah add/give increase.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
The God
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Lassiter (see Lester).
Boy/Male
American, British, English, Irish
Stranger; Variant of Dorran Stranger
Girl/Female
Dutch
Wise.
Girl/Female
Latin American
Victory; triumphant. Famous Bearer: Queen Victoria.
COLUMN LEVEL-ENCRYPTION
COLUMN LEVEL-ENCRYPTION
COLUMN LEVEL-ENCRYPTION
COLUMN LEVEL-ENCRYPTION
COLUMN LEVEL-ENCRYPTION
n.
A measurement of the difference of altitude of two points, by means of a level; as, to take a level.
v. t.
To make level; to make horizontal; to bring to the condition of a level line or surface; hence, to make flat or even; as, to level a road, a walk, or a garden.
a.
Coinciding or parallel with the plane of the horizon; horizontal; as, the telescope is now level.
n.
A horizontal line or plane; that is, a straight line or a plane which is tangent to a true level at a given point and hence parallel to the horizon at that point; -- this is the apparent level at the given point.
v. t.
Figuratively, to bring to a common level or plane, in respect of rank, condition, character, privilege, etc.; as, to level all the ranks and conditions of men.
v. t.
To bring to a lower level; to overthrow; to topple down; to reduce to a flat surface; to lower.
n.
Anything resembling, in form or position, a column in architecture; an upright body or mass; a shaft or obelisk; as, a column of air, of water, of mercury, etc.; the Column Vendome; the spinal column.
n.
An approximately horizontal line or surface at a certain degree of altitude, or distance from the center of the earth; as, to climb from the level of the coast to the level of the plateau and then descend to the level of the valley or of the sea.
a.
Even; flat; having no part higher than another; having, or conforming to, the curvature which belongs to the undisturbed liquid parts of the earth's surface; as, a level field; level ground; the level surface of a pond or lake.
a.
Formed in columns; having the form of a column or columns; like the shaft of a column.
v. i.
To be level; to be on a level with, or on an equality with, something; hence, to accord; to agree; to suit.
n.
A uniform or average height; a normal plane or altitude; a condition conformable to natural law or which will secure a level surface; as, moving fluids seek a level.
v. t.
To adjust or adapt to a certain level; as, to level remarks to the capacity of children.
a.
Well balanced; even; just; steady; impartial; as, a level head; a level understanding. [Colloq.]
n.
A perpendicular set of lines, not extending across the page, and separated from other matter by a rule or blank space; as, a column in a newspaper.
a.
Having columns.