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Early type of portable toilet
A close stool was an early type of portable toilet, made in the shape of a cabinet or box at sitting height with an opening in the top. The external structure
Close_stool
English monarch courtier
The Groom of the Stool (formally styled: "Groom of the King's Close Stool") was the most intimate of an English monarch's courtiers, initially responsible
Groom_of_the_Stool
Type of furniture (or toilet)
historic equivalent is the close stool, hence the coveted and prestigious position Groom of the Stool for a courtier close to the monarch.) This piece
Commode
YouTube web series by Alexey Gerasimov
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Skibidi_Toilet
Toilet that is easily moved around
Canada. The velvet upholstered close stool used by William III is on display at Hampton Court Palace; see Groom of the Stool. Early versions of the "Elsan
Portable_toilet
for the Duke of Queensbury included the modern convenience of "a lead close stool in a wainscot box with a lead pipe for the water to come in and a large
Domestic furnishing in early modern Scotland
Domestic_furnishing_in_early_modern_Scotland
Portable toilet
young children. A chamber pot might be disguised in a sort of chair (a close stool). It might be stored in a cabinet with doors to hide it; this sort of
Chamber_pot
Person who dug out and removed human excrement from privies and cesspits
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Gong_farmer
Type of chair
flip-back armrests. Historically, similar pieces of equipment were the close stool and the chamber pot. The commode chair evolved from these in the 18th
Commode_chair
Privy in medieval buildings
garderobe is also used to refer to a medieval or Renaissance toilet or a close stool. In a medieval castle, a garderobe was usually a simple hole discharging
Garderobe
Humour dealing with defecation, urination and flatulence
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Toilet_humour
George II of Great Britain 76 Collapsed shortly after attending to his close stool, possibly died of an aortic aneurysm. 1892 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
List of people who have died while on the toilet
List_of_people_who_have_died_while_on_the_toilet
King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1727 to 1760
rose as usual at 6:00 am, drank a cup of hot chocolate, and went to his close stool alone. After a few minutes, his valet heard a loud crash and entered
George_II_of_Great_Britain
Toilet-themed restaurant chain in Taiwan
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Modern_Toilet_Restaurant
Training an infant or toddler to use the toilet
toilet training techniques. These include: Using a toilet seat adapter, foot stool, or potty chair to ensure easy access for the child Encouraging and praising
Toilet_training
Toilet for young children
urinate and defecate ("go potty"). Potty chairs are a variant of the close stool, which were commonly used by adults before the widespread adoption of
Potty_chair
1532–1564 novels by François Rabelais
depicted King Louis Philippe as Gargantua, sitting on his throne (a close stool), consuming a continuous diet of tribute fed to him by various bureaucrats
Gargantua_and_Pantagruel
Release of urine from the urinary bladder
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Urination
Structure that provides screening of urinals
Arnhem, Netherlands, 1923 Pissoir, Hütteldorf, Vienna, 1936 A pissoir close to the royal castle in Gamla Stan, Stockholm, Sweden Pissoir in Lisbon Historic
Pissoir
Metabolic waste of the human digestive system
(British English), commonly and in medical literature more often called stool,, commonly referred to as poo or poop, are the solid or semisolid remains
Human_feces
English soldier and courtier (1482–1528)
Groom of the Stool, the man who was in closest contact with the young king. The Groom waited on the king while he used the latrine or close stool, and was
William_Compton_(courtier)
Diaper made to be worn on a body larger than that of an infant or toddler
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Adult_diaper
Type of toilet
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Telescopic_toilet
Hinged attachment to toilet bowl, round and open
chair in the toilet room for aesthetic purposes. Some studies show that closing the lid prevents the spread of aerosols on flushing ("toilet plume"), which
Toilet_seat
Manual emptying of human waste from prison cells
original on 13 April 2008. Retrieved 3 April 2008. "Notorious Peterhead prison closes its doors". scotsman.com. The Scotsman. 6 December 2013. Retrieved 16 November
Slopping_out
Pit for human feces
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Cathole
Method of woodland management
competing stems grow out from the stool in the early stages of the cycle, then up towards the sky as the canopy closes.[citation needed] The curve may allow
Coppicing
Vehicle carrying human excreta
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Honeywagon_(vehicle)
Bottle for urination used in health care
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Urinal_(health_care)
Public area, usually adjacent to limited-access highway, used for rest from travel
miles" or "Next Rest Stop 10 km". However, some rest areas are located close to or in cities, to serve motorists passing through that municipality without
Rest_area
Medical condition of blood in the feces
Blood in stool looks different depending on how early it enters the digestive tract—and thus how much digestive action it has been exposed to—and how
Blood_in_stool
Toilet that uses water to convey human waste down a pipe
of the design is that users will not get splashed from below. Taking of stool samples is also simplified. Washout toilets have a shallow pool of water
Flush_toilet
Cancer of the colon or rectum
to other parts of the body. Signs and symptoms may include blood in the stool, a change in bowel movements, weight loss, abdominal pain and fatigue. Most
Colorectal_cancer
Benedictine monastery in England
public. until 1511: Hugh Denys of Osterley(d.1511), Groom to the King's Close Stool of Henry VII. from 1511: William Gower, Groom of the Chamber to Henry
Bury_St_Edmunds_Abbey
Absorbent undergarment used to manage urinary incontinence
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Incontinence_pad
1759 pamphlet by Laurence Sterne
obsequiously curries favour with the new parson by carrying the pan for a close stool (a portable toilet) on his head through the town. Others involve bawdy
A_Political_Romance
Country house in Dorset, England
the smell - one of Clavell's neighbours compared it to a "close stool". In order to be closer to — but upwind of — these works Sir William set about building
Smedmore_House
French artist (1808–1879)
there he made the acquaintance of Charles Baudelaire, who soon became a close friend and advocate of his work. Baudelaire contributed to a set of essays
Honoré_Daumier
Assisting a person with urination or defecation
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Toileting
Toilet system
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Privy_midden
Country house near Towcester, Northamptonshire, England
tidy them away in small rooms, sometimes containing their employer's close-stool. However, these small rooms still had to be within calling distance.
Easton_Neston_house
Personal care for the female reproductive system
Retrieved 2 May 2018. Nosheena Mobarik (3 October 2018). "Mobarik: UK one step closer to ending the tampon tax". Conservatives in the European Parliament. Archived
Feminine_hygiene
Short stool
A cuttie-stool, or cutty-stool (also -stuil), was a type of three-legged chair used in Scotland. It was a short stool, often having a round seat on the
Cuttie-stool
Japanese way of sitting
Osgood-Schlatter disease.[citation needed] Special seiza stools are available in Japan. They are folding stools, small enough to be carried in a handbag, which
Seiza
English politician (1501 – 1549)
Sir Anthony Denny (16 January 1501 – 10 September 1549) was Groom of the Stool to King Henry VIII of England, thus his closest courtier and confidant.
Anthony_Denny
Process of transplantation of fecal bacteria from a healthy individual into a recipient
Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT), also known as a stool transplant, is the process of transferring fecal bacteria and other microbes from a healthy individual
Fecal_microbiota_transplant
Courtier to Henry VII and Henry VIII of England
courtier of Kings Henry VII and of the young Henry VIII. As Groom of the Stool to Henry VII, he was one of the King's closest courtiers, his role developing
Hugh_Denys
Female trader in silk and other fine fabrics
forwarded to her. Mistress Vaughan supplied crimson silk fringes for a close stool and tawny satin and ribbon to line a coffer made for the Lady Mary by
Silkwoman
1761 coronation in Great Britain
Duke of Newcastle, prime minister, who was making use of the queen's close stool. When the king complained to Effingham about these problems, he admitted
Coronation of George III and Charlotte
Coronation_of_George_III_and_Charlotte
American company in Madison, Wisconsin
detection and prevention of colorectal cancer, including Cologuard, the first stool DNA test for colorectal cancer, along with additional screening and precision
Exact_Sciences_Corporation
Master of University College, Oxford for only two years, dying on his close-stool. Farrer studied at the University of St Andrews, Trinity College, Cambridge
Edward_Farrer
Test for the presence for occult blood
The stool guaiac test or guaiac fecal occult blood test (gFOBT) is one of several methods that detects the presence of fecal occult blood (blood invisible
Stool_guaiac_test
Architectural style
Garderobes fell out of fashion in the Tudor period, as chamber pots and close stools became more widely used. Construction materials, even in the grandest
Tudor_architecture
18th-century American pewtersmith
quart and pint bowls, wash-hand basons, funnels, large chamber pots, close-stool and bed pans, measures from one gallon to half a gill, dram cups, round
William_Kirby_(pewtersmith)
Inability to refrain from defecation
leading to involuntary loss of bowel contents—including flatus (gas), liquid stool elements and mucus, or solid feces. FI is a sign or a symptom, not a diagnosis
Fecal_incontinence
Village in Cornwall, England
Priory in 1509 by Hugh Denys of Osterley (died 1511), Groom of the King's Close Stool to Henry VII. On the death of Denys, Henry VIII transferred the corrody
Tywardreath
Ghanaian tradition of Akans
and economic questions in his area. When he is installed, he receives a stool name. Usually, all chiefs who belong to a reigning lineage have the same
Akan_chieftaincy
English silkwoman to the Tudor court (died 1544)
forwarded to her. Mistress Vaughan supplied crimson silk fringes for a close stool, and tawny satin and ribbon to line a coffer made for the Lady Mary by
Margery_Guinet
Music museum in London
Window Curtains & Rods a Stove Tongs & Poker. 6 Old Matted Chairs a Round Close Stool & white pann a Wicker Fire Screen a Glass in Wall'd frame — An Inventory
Handel_Hendrix_House
18th-century archduchess of Austria
Isabella wrote short notes to Marie during mass. They gifted each other close stools, and Isabella commented that she hoped Marie would think of her each
Princess_Isabella_of_Parma
Gerardine's estate has been bequeathed to Maria. A standing cup and close-stool (both phallic-shaped objects) have been bequeathed to Mrs. Purge. As
The_Family_of_Love_(play)
Squatting or sitting to defecate
constipation symptoms such as incomplete evacuation of stool, irregular bowel movements, hard stools and the need for excessive straining. Compared to the
Defecation_postures
Rules for the use of toilets in settings such as schools, workplaces and hospitals
restroom Historical terms Aphedron Chamber pot Close stool Dansker Garderobe Gong farmer Groom of the Stool Night soil Pail closet Pecunia non olet Privy
Bathroom_privileges
Medical condition caused by receiving too little or too many nutrients
preparations. Reduced-osmolarity ORS has the added benefit of reducing stool volume and vomiting while simultaneously preventing dehydration. Packets
Malnutrition
Ukrainian boxer (born 1976)
83–88, & 82–89) but was declared the winner after Vitali retired on his stool between 9th and 10th rounds due to shoulder injury. Byrd's title defence
Wladimir_Klitschko
Genus of viruses
symptoms include headache, lower back pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloody stool, the appearance of spots on the skin (petechiae), and hemorrhaging in the
Hantavirus
President of the United States from 1861 to 1865
political opinions from contentious factions during the war effort. He closely supervised the Union's strategy and tactics, including the selection of
Abraham_Lincoln
President of the United States from 1981 to 1989
open. It's international waters. No country there has a right to try and close it off and take it for itself. And the villain in the piece really is Iran
Ronald_Reagan
Common human disease caused by a group of viruses
Diagnosis can often be made based on symptoms. Occasionally, a throat or stool sample may be tested for the virus. Most people with hand, foot, and mouth
Hand,_foot,_and_mouth_disease
English courtier
was an English courtier who was Groom of the Stool in the privy chamber of King Henry VIII. While a close servant of the King, he also supported the faction
Henry_Norris_(courtier)
American and Canadian actress (born 1947)
that aims to raise money for impoverished children in Armenia. Martin is a close friend of Tina Fey, citing an Armenian-Greek kinship that she felt on the
Andrea_Martin
carrying chair Seat, place (st) ws (in wsjr, “Osiris”) 𓊪 Q3 U+132AA stool Base, mat, stool (p) Buto (p) p Uniliteral p. 𓊫 Q4 U+132AB headrest Headrest (wrs)
List_of_Egyptian_hieroglyphs
2011 concert tour by Janet Jackson
and sat on a stool in center stage to perform several unplugged ballads. The set began with "Nothing" and "Come Back to Me" before closing with "Let's
Number Ones, Up Close and Personal
Number_Ones,_Up_Close_and_Personal
President of the United States from 2001 to 2009
which created Medicare Part D. In 2004, Bush was re-elected president in a close race, beating Democratic opponent John Kerry and winning the popular vote
George_W._Bush
Parts of a drum kit
an X-hat adaptor. The drum stool is a three or four-legged padded seat or stool the drummer sits on while playing. The stool may be shaped like round cushions
Drum_hardware
American organized crime groups in the 1930s and 1940s
death after Strauss claimed he had obtained information that Rudnick was a "stool pigeon for the police." Reles also testified that he waited outside the
Murder,_Inc.
Small domesticated carnivorous mammal
intolerant; the sugar in milk is not easily digested and may cause soft stools or diarrhea. Some also develop odd eating habits and like to eat or chew
Cat
Japanese biological and chemical warfare unit (1936–1945)
case, fluid from blisters was injected into other subjects, and blood and stool were analyzed. Five prisoners were forced to drink yperite–lewisite solutions
Unit_731
British boxer (born 1988)
his mental health problems. Fury won the fight after Seferi quit on his stool after round 4. The opening couple of rounds had little to no action as Fury
Tyson_Fury
Type of viruses that cause gastroenteritis
Elementary School in November 1968. In 1972, electron microscopy on stored human stool samples identified a virus, which was given the name "Norwalk virus". Numerous
Norovirus
Part of the female reproductive tract
mother. When this occurs, fecal incontinence develops and stool can leave through the vagina. Close to 85% of spontaneous vaginal births develop some form
Vagina
Ladyfold: A member of Super-Duper whose powers are related to her periods. Stool Shadow: A member of Super-Duper who assumes that she can go intangible,
List_of_The_Boys_characters
Painting by Henri Matisse
palette, the work relates closely to Paul Cézanne and Cubism. List of works by Henri Matisse Henri Matisse, Woman on a High Stool (Germaine Raynal), Online
Woman_on_a_High_Stool
French artist (??–1579)
papers in. Guillebault upholstered chairs, stools, and a close stool in October 1566, and covered stools and chairs with "peaux de marroquy", Morocco
Andrew_Mansioun
Metabolic disorders in which porphyrins build up in the body
bone marrow is affected. Diagnosis is typically made by blood, urine, and stool tests. Genetic testing may be done to determine the specific mutation. Hepatic
Porphyria
rather than being an organ-specific tumor marker such as PSA. Increased stool (fecal) levels are being investigated as a method of screening for colorectal
Tumor_M2-PK
American actress (1920–2006)
borrowed her for Cry of the City (1948). Winters was second-billed in Johnny Stool Pigeon (1949) with Howard Duff, and Take One False Step (1949) with William
Shelley_Winters
Former Akan empire centred on present-day Ghana
his adviser Okomfo Anokye established the Asante Kingdom, with the Golden Stool of Asante as a sole unifying symbol. Osei Tutu oversaw a massive Asante
Asante_Empire
Political party in the United States
the European far right, which it is increasingly allied with. Trump is close to Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orbán and Britain's head of the nativist
Republican Party (United States)
Republican_Party_(United_States)
King of the Ashanti (Asantehene)
succeeding his cousin Otumfuo Opoku Ware II, and is the custodian of the Golden Stool, the sacred symbol of Asante unity and authority. He was educated at Sefwi-Wiawso
Otumfuo_Nana_Osei_Tutu_II
Group of clinically similar illnesses caused by species of hantaviruses
symptoms include headache, lower back pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloody stool, the appearance of spots on the skin, bleeding in the respiratory tract
Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Hantavirus_hemorrhagic_fever_with_renal_syndrome
American singer-songwriter
and has co-penned songs including Parmalee's "Close Your Eyes", Jason Aldean's "Church Pew or Bar Stool", Dustin Lynch's "World to Me", and Love and Theft's
Adam_Craig_(singer)
Vice President of the United States since 2025
November 8, 2025. Todisco, Eric (October 14, 2020). "Amy Adams and Glenn Close Are Unrecognizable in Thrilling First Trailer for Netflix's Hillbilly Elegy"
JD_Vance
Restaurant chain
decided to open his own hamburger stand named White Tavern Shop. The five-stool restaurant opened in 1929, in Shelbyville, Kentucky. White Tavern expanded
Jerry's_Restaurants
Artifacts excavated from royal burial mounds
fine wooden artifacts, including tables, a bed, a throne, serving stands, stools, footstools, plates, spoons, boxes, a parasol, and 12 carved wooden animals
Gordion Furniture and Wooden Artifacts
Gordion_Furniture_and_Wooden_Artifacts
rotter, a disliked person stool pigeon 1. Informer; see canary 2. A planted informer; a gambling den decoy stoolie Stool-pigeon; criminal informer stork
Glossary of early twentieth century slang in the United States
Glossary_of_early_twentieth_century_slang_in_the_United_States
Digestive disease of the large intestine
There may also be nausea, diarrhea or constipation. Fever or blood in the stool suggests a complication. People may experience a single attack, repeated
Diverticulitis
Functional gastrointestinal disorder
include onset at greater than 50 years of age, weight loss, blood in the stool, or a family history of inflammatory bowel disease. Other conditions that
Irritable_bowel_syndrome
Ukrainian boxer (born 1988)
Walters visibly shaken. Lomachenko won the fight after Walters retired on his stool at the end of the seventh round. Upon returning to his corner, Walters got
Vasiliy_Lomachenko
Human disease caused by parasitic worms called schistosomes
tract or the intestines. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, or blood in the urine. Those who have been infected for a long time may
Schistosomiasis
CLOSE STOOL
CLOSE STOOL
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by an enclosure of some sort, such as a courtyard set back from the main street or a farmyard, from Middle English clos(e) (Old French clos, from Late Latin clausum, past participle of claudere ‘to close’).English : from Middle English clos(e) ‘secret’, applied as a nickname for a reserved or secretive person.Dutch : variant of Claeys.Altered spelling of German Klose.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Near; Close
Girl/Female
Muslim
Close friend
Boy/Male
Tamil
Close
Girl/Female
Indian
Near, Close
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Danish, French, Greek
Young Green Shoot
Surname or Lastname
English
English : Devon variant of Clough.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Close
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Close; Devotion
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Close Friend
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Near, Close
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Close; Near
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Close 1.German : variant of Kloss.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling Clow.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Close Friend
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Close; Clove
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Close
Boy/Male
Egyptian
Close.
Girl/Female
Indian
Close Friend
CLOSE STOOL
CLOSE STOOL
Boy/Male
Indian
Modesty, Decency
Biblical
appearance, or force, of waters
Boy/Male
American, British, English, French, Greek, Hebrew, Swedish
Variant of John or Abbreviation of Jonathan Jehovah has been Gracious; Has Shown Favor; The Lord is Gracious; God has Given; Gift of God
Girl/Female
American, Australian, French
Merciful
Boy/Male
American, British, English, German
Climber
Girl/Female
Biblical
A vessel, pitcher, spark.
Boy/Male
Scandinavian English
From the farm by the spring.
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Indian, Kannada, Telugu
Goddess of Sraswati
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English, French, German, Swedish
Strength of the Spear; Spear Maiden; Diminutive of Gertrude
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Christian, Dutch, English, French, German, Jamaican, Latin, Swedish
Lame; Female Version of Claude; Preserving; Disabled; Limping
CLOSE STOOL
CLOSE STOOL
CLOSE STOOL
CLOSE STOOL
CLOSE STOOL
v. t.
Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; as, a close vote.
v. t.
Strictly confined; carefully quarded; as, a close prisoner.
v. t.
Concise; to the point; as, close reasoning.
a.
Firmly barred or closed.
v. t.
Shut fast; closed; tight; as, a close box.
n.
To stop, or fill up, as an opening; to shut; as, to close the eyes; to close a door.
adv.
In a close manner.
n.
To bring together the parts of; to consolidate; as, to close the ranks of an army; -- often used with up.
imp. & p. p.
of Close
n.
One who, or that which, closes; specifically, a boot closer. See under Boot.
v. t.
Short; as, to cut grass or hair close.
pl.
of Couple-close
v. i.
To end, terminate, or come to a period; as, the debate closed at six o'clock.
v. t.
Narrow; confined; as, a close alley; close quarters.
v. t.
Accurate; careful; precise; also, attentive; undeviating; strict; not wandering; as, a close observer.
n.
To bring to an end or period; to conclude; to complete; to finish; to end; to consummate; as, to close a bargain; to close a course of instruction.
v. t.
Difficult to obtain; as, money is close.
a.
Fitting the body exactly; setting close, as a garment.
v. t.
Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact; strict; as, a close translation.
v. t.
To make close.