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Navigational instrument
The backstaff is a navigational instrument that was used to measure the altitude of a celestial body, in particular the Sun or Moon. When observing the
Backstaff
Measurement tool
the cross-staff could not compete with the backstaff in many countries. In terms of handling, the backstaff was found to be easier to use. However, it
Jacob's_staff
Tool for angle measurement
Also, unlike the backstaff, the sextant allows direct observations of stars. This permits the use of the sextant at night when a backstaff is difficult to
Sextant
English polymath (1642–1727)
Catalogue of the Mariner's Quadrants, Mariner's Astrolabes, Cross-staffs, Backstaffs, Octants, Sextants, Quintants, Reflecting Circles and Artificial Horizons
Isaac_Newton
Francisco Albo's logbook of the Magellan-Elcano expedition (1519-1522). The backstaff, which measures the length of a shadow, was used from the 16th century
History_of_latitude
Island subdistrict in Surat Thani, Thailand
maps. Seventeenth century marine navigation and cartography used the "backstaff" which, in this area, was accurate to one degree of longitude, or around
Ko_Tao
Retrieved 13 June 2017. "Backstaff - Ages of Exploration". The Mariners' Museum & Park. Retrieved 5 August 2025. "Backstaff | Collections". Sea Museum
Timeline of historic inventions
Timeline_of_historic_inventions
Process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle
the invention of the backstaff in 1595 by John Davis. Widespread open-seas navigation using the astrolabe, quadrant, backstaff and the compass started
Navigation
Navigation instrument
back observation quadrant. This instrument was used in the manner of a backstaff to measure the elevation of the sun by observing the position of a shadow
Quadrant_(instrument)
English explorer and navigator (c. 1550 – 1605)
by Michelborne on his return to England in 1606. His invention of the backstaff and double quadrant (called the Davis quadrant after him) remained popular
John_Davis_(explorer)
Time-telling device
equivalent type of sundial using a vertical rod of fixed length is known as a backstaff dial. A shepherd's dial – also known as a shepherd's column dial, pillar
Sundial
Measuring instrument used primarily in navigation; type of reflecting instrument
instrument to have an apparent accuracy of only two minutes of arc while the backstaff appeared to be accurate to one minute. The use of the vernier scale allowed
Octant_(instrument)
Celestial navigation device that determines latitude
devices based on the same principle were used, notably the cross-staff and backstaff. The kamal is still a tool recommended for use in sea kayaking. In such
Kamal_(navigation)
English instrument maker and inventor
conditions were poor, and was clearly an improvement over the cross-staff and backstaff. Joan Gideon Loten, an amateur scientist, owned an octant made by Sisson
Jonathan_Sisson
at the top spans 60° as did the arc on the backstaff. The main graduated arc subtends 30° as in the backstaff. The 30° arc is graduated in degrees and sixths
Elton's_quadrant
English mathematician and physician (1556–1620)
the arithmetic of Christian Wursteisen (1596) Work on surveying (1598). Backstaff Sector (instrument) Kanas, Nick (2007). Star Maps: History, Artistry,
Thomas_Hood_(mathematician)
Topics referred to by the same term
asterism in the constellation of Ursa Major Plough (instrument), a type of backstaff, a device used for celestial navigation Plough (unit), or carucate, a
Plough_(disambiguation)
the North Atlantic in 1495. Davis also gave the world a version of the backstaff, the Davis quadrant, which became one of the dominant instruments from
History_of_navigation
Type of hourglass used at sea
used, alongside determination of latitude using the quadrant (see also backstaff, astrolabe, and octant); this was the only system available to mariners
Marine_sandglass
Circle on the celestial sphere parallel to the horizon
pear tree or boxwood, with an arch of 15° to 30°, it is an example of a backstaff. The sun casts that shadow of a vane (B in the adjacent image) on a horizon
Almucantar
angle of the Sun or a star above the horizon with an instrument such as a backstaff or quadrant. Longitude was more difficult to measure accurately because
Major explorations after the Age of Discovery
Major_explorations_after_the_Age_of_Discovery
British archaeologist
ISBN 0070439516 Muckelroy, Keith, 1977: A Possible Seventeenth-Century Dutch Backstaff. The Mariner's Mirror Vol. 63, London, pp 213-214, ill. A find from the
Keith_Muckelroy
Type of quadrant used by medieval Arabic astronomers
surface (such as the user's finger or the screen plate of a mariner's backstaff). The apertures are not viewing holes for sighting the Sun with the naked
Sine_quadrant
Catalogue of the Mariner's Quadrants, Mariner's Astrolabes, Cross-staffs, Backstaffs, Octants, Sextants, Quintants, Reflecting Circles and Artificial Horizons
Regiment_of_the_North_Pole
British historical society
Catalogue of the Mariner's Quadrants, Mariner's Astrolabes, Cross-staffs, Backstaffs, Octants, Sextants, Quintants, Reflecting Circles and Artificial Horizons
Society_for_Nautical_Research
treatise on navigation, The Seamans Secrets, and invents a version of the backstaff. Robert Hues publishes a practical treatise on the use of terrestrial
1594_in_science
British naval historian (1875–1946)
Catalogue of the Mariner's Quadrants, Mariner's Astrolabes Cross-staffs, Backstaffs, Octants, Sextants, Quintants, Reflecting Circles and Artificial Horizons
Geoffrey_Callender
Dutch historian of navigational science
Catalogue of the Mariner's Quadrants, Mariner's Astrolabes, Cross-staffs, Backstaffs, Octants, Sextants, Quintants, Reflecting Circles and Artificial Horizons
Willem_F._J._Mörzer_Bruyns
BACKSTAFF
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Male
Thai/Siamese
Thai name NIRAN means "eternal."
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Indian
Lightning
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dharm Dutt | தரà¯à®®Â தà¯à®¤à¯à®¤Â
Gift of the God of religion
Girl/Female
Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Traditional
Cold; Very Cool
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Hosanna, HOSANNAH means "deliver us."
Girl/Female
Indian
Destiny, Fate
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, German
Famous Ruler; Variant of Roderick Famous Ruler
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Skilled in War
Girl/Female
Indian
Girl/Female
Tamil
Longing, Affection
BACKSTAFF
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BACKSTAFF
BACKSTAFF
BACKSTAFF
n.
An instrument formerly used for taking the altitude of the heavenly bodies, but now superseded by the quadrant and sextant; -- so called because the observer turned his back to the body observed.