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Propagating atomic wave
An atom laser is a coherent state of propagating atoms. They are created out of a Bose–Einstein condensate of atoms that are output coupled using various
Atom_laser
Cooling technique in atomic physics
Laser cooling includes several techniques where atoms, molecules, and small mechanical systems are cooled with laser light. The directed energy of lasers
Laser_cooling
Device that emits light via optical amplification
naturally occurring coherent emissions, as in astrophysical maser and atom laser. A laser that produces light by itself is technically an optical oscillator
Laser
Model of a quantum/optical system
dissipation in the operation of a laser or other CQED device; dissipation is the means by which the system (coupled atom/cavity) interacts with its environment
Maxwell–Bloch_equations
German physicist (born 1957)
an "atom laser", the atomic analogue of an optical laser. In addition to ongoing investigations of Bose–Einstein condensates in ultracold atoms, his
Wolfgang_Ketterle
laser producing a coherent x-ray or EUV beam Atom laser producing a coherent beam of atoms Gravity laser, a hypothetical concept of producing coherent
List_of_laser_types
Laser-ranging Operation Arago spot Argon fluoride laser Argus laser Asterix IV laser Astrophysical maser Atmospheric-pressure laser ionization Atom interferometer
List_of_laser_articles
Artificial star image used by telescopes
to energize atoms in the sodium layer of the mesosphere at an altitude of around 90 km (56 mi). The sodium atoms then re-emit the laser light, producing
Laser_guide_star
Process by which atoms or molecules acquire charge by gaining or losing electrons
acceptably accurate results. However, when the laser intensity is sufficiently high, the detailed structure of the atom or molecule can be ignored and an analytic
Ionization
Atoms kept at temperatures close to absolute zero
of several techniques typically has to be used. First, atoms are trapped and pre-cooled via laser cooling in a magneto-optical trap. To reach the lowest
Ultracold_atom
Difference between a laser's optical frequency and quantum resonant frequency
atoms towards the center of the trap. The detuning of the laser in a MOT ensures that the momentum kick on the atoms is only imparted upon the atoms moving
Laser_detuning
Laser technique cooling atoms to temperatures lower than a magneto-optical trap
Optical molasses (OM) is a laser cooling configuration that can produce extremely cold ensembles of neutral atoms. The temperatures can reach as low as
Optical_molasses
Topics referred to by the same term
(antiquity), an extinct plant which produced the resin laser Atom laser All pages with titles containing Laser Lazar (disambiguation) Lazer (disambiguation) Lase
Laser_(disambiguation)
State of matter
powered by Bose–Einstein condensate-based quantum computers. Physics portal Atom laser Bose–Einstein correlations Bose–Einstein condensation: a network theory
Bose–Einstein_condensate
Use of magnetic fields to isolate particles or atoms
recoils an atom receives from single photons. Achieving BEC requires cooling the atoms beyond the limits of laser cooling, which means the lasers used in
Magnetic_trap_(atoms)
American physicist (1949–2024)
Zeilinger), quantum logic gate, and the development of the first single atom laser. According to Elizabeth Rogan, OSA CEO, "Jeff has led a revolution in
H._Jeff_Kimble
When a system has more excited-state members than ground-state
useful to consider a very simple assembly of atoms forming a laser medium. Assume there is a group of N atoms, each of which is capable of being in one of
Population_inversion
Exotic particle made of an antiproton and positron
antihydrogen atoms to a laser source tuned 200 kilohertz below the two resonance frequencies for 300 seconds each, No-laser: confining the antihydrogen atoms without
Antihydrogen
American physicist
spontaneous emission, and the experimental demonstration of the first single-atom laser. In the later part of his career, he turned his attention to the field
Michael_Stephen_Feld
Smallest unit of a chemical element
Atoms are the basic particles of the chemical elements and the fundamental building blocks of matter. An atom consists of a nucleus of protons and generally
Atom
Scientific instruments
instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to hold and move microscopic and sub-microscopic objects like atoms, nanoparticles and droplets, in a manner
Optical_tweezers
Classical adage
has been applied to the Strong Confinement Limit, which is a mode of an atom laser in which the frequency of emission of the Bose–Einstein condensate is
Festina_lente
Forms which matter can take
(20 November 2002). "Nobel lecture: When atoms behave as waves: Bose-Einstein condensation and the atom laser". Reviews of Modern Physics. 74 (4): 1131–1151
State_of_matter
Type of laser cooling
specially selected laser light, hitting atoms from various angles to both cool and trap them in a potential well, effectively rolling the atom down a hill of
Sisyphus_cooling
Form of gas laser
molecules. In sealed lasers, this takes place as the helium atoms strike the walls of the laser discharge tube. In flow-through lasers, a continuous stream
Carbon-dioxide_laser
Field ion microscope coupled with a mass spectrometer
information. Optionally, an atom probe may also include laser-optical systems for laser beam targeting and pulsing, if using laser-evaporation methods. In-situ
Atom_probe
Type of gas laser
Without helium, the neon atoms would be excited mostly to lower excited states, responsible for non-laser lines. A neon laser with no helium can be constructed
Helium–neon_laser
Excited atomic quantum state with high principal quantum number (n)
means that the laser light only interacts with a specific subset of atoms in a particular state, exciting to the chosen final state. An atom in a Rydberg
Rydberg_atom
Apparatus for trapping and cooling neutral atoms
apparatus which uses laser cooling and a spatially varying magnetic field to create a trap which can produce samples of cold neutral atoms. Temperatures achieved
Magneto-optical_trap
Chemical element with atomic number 54 (Xe)
adverse effects. The xenon chloride excimer laser has certain dermatological uses. Because of the xenon atom's large, flexible outer electron shell, the
Xenon
Device for producing coherent EM waves in the sub-visible spectrum
the precursor to the laser, inspiring theoretical work by Townes and Arthur Leonard Schawlow that led to the invention of the laser in 1960 by Theodore
Maser
Interferometer which uses the wave-like nature of atoms
compared to the laser based interferometers, i.e. the beam splitter and mirrors are lasers while the source emits matter waves (the atoms) rather than light
Atom_interferometer
Measurement of atomic transition frequency
overlapped laser beams are sent through a sample of atomic gas. One of the beams stimulates photon emission in excited atoms or molecules when the laser's frequency
Saturated absorption spectroscopy
Saturated_absorption_spectroscopy
Type of quantum computer built out of Rydberg atoms
fluorescence of the atoms. Neutral atom quantum computing makes use of several technological advancements in the field of laser cooling, magneto-optical
Neutral_atom_quantum_computer
the strong confinement limit, or "festina lente" limit, is a mode of an atom laser in which the frequency of emission of the Bose–Einstein condensate is
Strong_confinement_limit
Laser cooling technique
Resolved sideband cooling is a laser cooling technique allowing cooling of tightly bound atoms and ions beyond the Doppler cooling limit, potentially
Resolved_sideband_cooling
Laser cooling technique
trap and slow the motion of atoms to cool a substance. The term is sometimes used synonymously with laser cooling, though laser cooling includes other techniques
Doppler_cooling
Research center at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Ketterle, Wolfgang (September 2002). "When atoms behave as waves: Bose-Einstein condensation and the atom laser". ChemPhysChem. 3 (9). doi:10
Research Laboratory of Electronics
Research_Laboratory_of_Electronics
Laser cooling technique
gradient cooling (PG cooling), or Sisyphus cooling, is a technique in laser cooling of atoms by dampening the motion of the trapped particles via photon momentum
Polarization_gradient_cooling
Process that removes material from an object by heating it with a laser
irradiating it with a laser beam. At low laser flux, the material is heated by the absorbed laser energy and evaporates or sublimates. At high laser flux, the material
Laser_ablation
Study involving matter and electromagnetic radiation
dual laser technique to remove the Doppler profiles from spectroscopic signals of hot atoms. It does so by measuring the spectral signal of atoms moving
Spectroscopy
Journal of Applied Cryptography His seminal work about one-atom lasers (single atom laser) was experimentally realized by H. Jeff Kimble. His work on
Yi_Mu_(academic)
Exotic matter with an antiproton in place of an electron
experiments, the atoms are first produced by stopping a beam of antiprotons in helium gas. The atoms are then irradiated by powerful laser beams, which cause
Antiprotonic_helium
Research apparatus for particle physics
investigate nuclear structure, accelerators were commonly referred to as atom smashers in the 20th century. The term persists despite the fact that many
Particle_accelerator
Experimental instrument on board the ISS
physics, and supports the development of techniques for atom-wave interferometry and atom lasers. Physics portal Bose–Einstein correlations Bose–Einstein
Cold_Atom_Laboratory
Quantum effect in physics
1×104 THz. The ionization rate of a hydrogen atom in an alternating electric field, like that of a laser, can be treated, in the appropriate limit, as
Tunnel_ionization
laser beams. When an atom moves in the presence of the laser beams, it experiences a varying light shift due to the intensity gradient of the laser light
Optical_manipulation_of_atoms
Laser in which electricity is discharged through gas
A gas laser is a laser in which an electric current is discharged through a gas to produce coherent light. The gas laser was the first continuous-light
Gas_laser
Atoms composed of exotic particles
An exotic atom is an otherwise normal atom in which one or more subatomic particles have been replaced by other particles. For example, electrons may be
Exotic_atom
German physicist (born 1941)
Physics (1983) Otto-Klung Prize (1980) Atom laser Beam expander Dye laser Doppler cooling Gray molasses Tunable laser Vernier spectroscopy Nobel Foundation
Theodor_W._Hänsch
French physicist (born 1947)
Introduction aux lasers et à l'optique quantique (with G. Grynberg & C. Fabre), Paris, ed. Ellipses, 1997 Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers (collectif
Alain_Aspect
Field used in the dynamics of ultracold quantum gases
force) or by imprinting a spatially varying geometric phase through an atom-laser interaction scheme. Recently, some attention has turned toward the possibility
Synthetic_gauge_field
Vaporizing laser beam in a vacuum chamber
of the target material upon laser irradiation and the creation of plasma are very complex processes. The removal of atoms from the bulk material is done
Pulsed_laser_deposition
Directed-energy weapon using lasers
A laser weapon is a type of directed-energy weapon (DEW) that uses lasers to inflict damage. Laser weapons are of two types: low-power laser dazzlers that
Laser_weapon
Use of light to raise electrons to higher energy states
lower energy level in an atom or molecule to a higher one. It is commonly used in laser construction to pump the active laser medium so as to achieve population
Optical_pumping
technique that has recent success is laser cooling. This involves atom trapping, a method where a number of atoms are confined in a specially shaped arrangement
List_of_laser_applications
Russian physicist (born 1947)
contributions are in the field of atom optics. He and his associates first demonstrated laser cooling of neutral atoms in 1981. Balykin was born on January
Victor_Balykin
Clock that monitors the resonant frequency of atoms
work by laser-cooling a cloud of caesium atoms to a microkelvin in a magneto-optic trap. These cold atoms are then launched vertically by laser light.
Atomic_clock
Method of spatial measurement using laser
or laser imaging, detection, and ranging, often stylized LiDAR) is a method for determining ranges by targeting an object or a surface with a laser and
Lidar
Method of sub-Doppler laser cooling of atoms
Gray molasses is a method of sub-Doppler laser cooling of atoms. It employs principles from Sisyphus cooling in conjunction with a so-called "dark" state
Gray_molasses
American physicist (1922–2020)
condensation in atomic vapors at submillikelvin temperatures, demonstration of atom lasers, and detailed measurements on individual motor molecules. Ashkin's work
Arthur_Ashkin
German physicist
subrecoil laser cooling and optical lattices. He then built up his own group in Hänsch's lab and conducted pioneering work on atom lasers, observed long-range
Tilman_Esslinger
Trace analysis method
Atom Trap Trace Analysis (ATTA) is an extremely sensitive trace analysis method developed by Argonne National Lab (ANL). ATTA is used on long-lived, stable
Atomic_trap_trace_analysis
motion. Wolfgang Ketterle: German-American physicist who developed an "atom laser", amongst other breakthroughs. Nobel laureate 2001. Erhard Kietz: Pioneer
List of German inventors and discoverers
List_of_German_inventors_and_discoverers
Device reflecting neutral atoms
suitable for reflection of atoms. Atomic interferometry Quantum reflection Ridged mirror Zeno effect Atomic nanoscope Atom laser H. Merimeche (2006). "Atomic
Atomic_mirror
Powering mechanism for lasers
helium–neon laser the electrons from the discharge collide with the helium atoms, exciting them. The excited helium atoms then collide with neon atoms, transferring
Laser_pumping
Instrument for slowing and cooling a beam of hot atoms
an atom modelled as a two-level atom can be cooled using a laser. If it moves in a specific direction and encounters a counter-propagating laser beam
Zeeman_slower
Uranium processed to increase the percentage of uranium-235
Molecular laser isotope separation uses an infrared laser directed at UF6, exciting molecules that contain a 235U atom. A second laser frees a fluorine atom, leaving
Enriched_uranium
Laser pumped with the energy of fission fragments
National Laboratory, that “pumping a 10-keV (0.12-nm) laser would require around a watt per atom” in a pulse that was “10−15 seconds x the square of the
Nuclear_pumped_laser
Laser which emits light with blue wavelengths
or more) layers of atoms are placed to form the active part of the laser that generates photons from quantum wells. Infrared lasers built on gallium arsenide
Blue_laser
Substance added to material to alter its properties
used to produce the active medium for solid-state lasers. It is in the electrons of the dopant atoms that a population inversion can be produced, and this
Dopant
Quantum Computing company
manipulating the atoms in a vacuum chamber with laser beams, quantum information can be written into the nuclear spin of the atoms to perform gate operations
Atom_Computing
Atomic physics technique to achieve high phase space densities
common method for evaporatively cooling atoms in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). Consider trapped atoms laser cooled on a |F=0⟩ → |F=1⟩ transition. The
Evaporative cooling (atomic physics)
Evaporative_cooling_(atomic_physics)
Synthetic crystalline material
about 50% of the yttrium atoms are replaced. The Er:YAG laser wavelength couples well into water and body fluids, making this laser especially useful for
Yttrium_aluminium_garnet
Estimation of an atom's position
fundamental importance to the areas of atom optics, and laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms. Extending the atom localization schemes to two dimensions
Atom_localization
French physicist (born 1933)
Chu and William Daniel Phillips for research in methods of laser cooling and trapping atoms. Cohen-Tannoudji was born in Constantine, French Algeria, to
Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji
Type of atomic clock
of laser light, one can measure time to within one such interval. The laser light is stabilized by the atomic transition; the trapped atom or atoms are
Optical_clock
Branch of fusion energy research
typically containing deuterium (2H) and tritium (3H). Typically, short pulse lasers deposit energy on a hohlraum. Its inner surface vaporizes, releasing X-rays
Inertial_confinement_fusion
Chemical element with atomic number 70 (Yb)
made of laser light. Another laser that "ticks" 518 trillion times per second (518 THz) provokes a transition between two energy levels in the atoms. The
Ytterbium
Cage-like allotrope of carbon
fullerenes are usually synthesized by doping in the metal atoms in an arc reactor or by laser evaporation. These methods gives low yields of endohedral
Buckminsterfullerene
Indian physicist, educator and administrator
Mandal, A; Manson, S T (July 2021). "Eisenbud–Wigner–Smith time delay in atom–laser interactions". The European Physical Journal Special Topics. 230 (23):
Pranawachandra_Deshmukh
Ion formation via a photon interacting with a molecule or atom
ionize an atom. This probability decreases rapidly with the number of photons required, but the development of very intense, pulsed lasers still makes
Photoionization
Laser cooling technique
physics, sub-Doppler cooling is a class of laser cooling techniques that reduce the temperature of atoms and molecules below the Doppler cooling limit
Sub-Doppler_cooling
US near-infrared chemical laser
The excited iodine atoms 2P1/2 then undergoes stimulated emission and lases at 1.315 μm in the optical resonator region of the laser. ( the upper and lower
Chemical_oxygen_iodine_laser
Atomic-scale structure formed through the Stark shift by opposing beams of light
counter-propagating laser beams, creating a spatially periodic intensity pattern. The resulting periodic potential may trap neutral atoms via the Stark shift. Atoms are
Optical_lattice
Antimatter gravitation experiment
creates antimatter atoms with kinetic energies too large to be trapped. Moreover, to do laser spectroscopy on these antimatter atoms, they need to be in
ALPHA_experiment
Study of physics on quintillionth-second timescales
approximation". arXiv:0912.4966 [physics.atom-ph]. Brabec T, Krausz F (2000-04-01). "Intense few-cycle laser fields: Frontiers of nonlinear optics". Reviews
Attosecond_physics
Type of atomic clock
type of atomic clock that uses neutral atoms confined in an optical lattice, which is a periodic array of laser light, as its timekeeping reference. In
Optical_lattice_clock
Study of matter-light interactions at small scales
electromagnetic radiation (light) from excited atoms and molecules, analysis of spectroscopy, generation of lasers and masers, and the optical properties of
Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
Atomic,_molecular,_and_optical_physics
Crystal used as a lasing medium for solid-state lasers
laser and the demonstration of its usefulness as a practical solid state laser source". Nd:YAG lasers are optically pumped using a flashtube or laser
Nd:YAG_laser
Spectroscopy with lasers with very short pulses
propagation, and recombination). Ionization: The intense laser field modifies the Coulomb potential of the atom, electron tunnels through the barrier and ionize
Ultrafast_laser_spectroscopy
Concentrating specific isotopes of a chemical element
infrared laser is directed at uranium hexafluoride gas (if enrichment of uranium is desired), exciting molecules that contain a U-235 atom. A second laser, either
Isotope_separation
State of an atom or molecule
into a state that is not coupled to any other level by the laser light, preventing the atom from absorbing or emitting light from that state. A dark state
Dark_state
Academic journal
includes laser physics, optical & laser materials, linear optics, nonlinear optics, quantum optics, and photonic devices. Interest also includes laser spectroscopy
Applied_Physics_B
Topics referred to by the same term
Laser isotope separation, or laser enrichment, is a technology of isotope separation using selective ionization of atoms or molecules by the means of precisely
Laser_isotope_separation
Method of separating isotopes of uranium
transitions. A similar technology, using molecules instead of atoms, is molecular laser isotope separation (MLIS). Natural uranium consists of a large
Atomic vapor laser isotope separation
Atomic_vapor_laser_isotope_separation
Injection of EM radiation into a solid, resulting in bond breakage
Coulombic repulsion between its constituent atoms. Coulombic explosions are a prominent technique in laser-based machining, and appear naturally in certain
Coulomb_explosion
Type of gas laser
A nitrogen laser is a gas laser operating in the ultraviolet range (typically 337.1 nm) using molecular nitrogen as its gain medium, pumped by an electrical
Nitrogen_laser
SI unit of time
by laser-cooling a cloud of caesium atoms to one microkelvin (10−6 K) in a magneto-optic trap. These cold atoms are then launched vertically by laser light
Second
Spectroscopic method
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) or laser-stimulated fluorescence (LSF) is a spectroscopic method in which an atom or molecule is excited to a higher energy
Laser-induced_fluorescence
ATOM LASER
ATOM LASER
Girl/Female
Hindu
An atom
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Atom
Girl/Female
Hindu
An atom
Boy/Male
Tamil
Atom
Boy/Male
Hindu
An atom
Boy/Male
Tamil
An atom
Girl/Female
Tamil
An atom
Boy/Male
Hindu
Atom
Girl/Female
Hindu
Atom
Girl/Female
Tamil
Atom
Girl/Female
Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Traditional
Atom; Universe
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
An Atom
Boy/Male
Tamil
Atom
Male
English
Short form of English Thomas, TOM means "twin."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Atom
Boy/Male
Tamil
Atom
Girl/Female
Indian
Atom
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Atom
Girl/Female
Tamil
An atom
Girl/Female
Tamil
Anu Keerthi | அநà¯Â கிரதீ Â
Atom
ATOM LASER
ATOM LASER
Male
English
Old English Arthurian legend name of a Knight of the Round Table who was the illegitimate son and traitor of King Arthur, possibly MORDRED means "sea counsel." He was brother (or half-brother) to Agravain, Gaheris, Gareth, and Gawain, and noted for having crowned himself and married Guinevere while Arthur was waging war on Emperor Lucius of Rome. He was killed by Arthur at the Battle of Camlann.Â
Girl/Female
Muslim
Leadress. Matron.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Honest, Night
Girl/Female
Norse
An ogre.
Boy/Male
Indian
Friendship, Kindness
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Respect
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Aimery, AYMERY means "home-ruler."Â
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Highest Worship
Female
Danish
, peace ruler.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Reward
ATOM LASER
ATOM LASER
ATOM LASER
ATOM LASER
ATOM LASER
n.
The smallest particle of matter that can enter into combination; one of the elementary constituents of a molecule.
n.
One of a class of strongly basic substances derived from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by a basic atom or radical.
n.
Fragments; atoms; finders.
n.
An ultimate indivisible particle of matter.
a.
Denoting that series of hydrocarbons in which no carbon atom is united with more than two other carbon atoms; as, normal pentane, hexane, etc. Cf. Iso-.
n.
An atom; a mite; a pigmy.
n.
A particle or atom endowed with the vital principle.
n.
The quantity of the combining power of an atom, expressed in hydrogen units; the number of hydrogen atoms can combine with, or be exchanged for; valency. See Valence.
n.
The standard atmospheric pressure used in certain physical measurements calculations; conventionally, that pressure under which the barometer stands at 760 millimeters, at a temperature of 0¡ Centigrade, at the level of the sea, and in the latitude of Paris.
adv.
On or at the top.
n.
A constituent particle of matter, or a molecule supposed to be made up of subordinate particles.
n.
Anything extremely small; a particle; a whit.
a.
Containing two atoms.
n. pl.
Fragments; atoms; smithers.
n.
An ultimate particle of matter not necessarily indivisible; a molecule.
a.
Having more than one atom in the molecule; consisting of several atoms.
n.
A skeleton.
a.
Having a valence of one; capable of combining with, or of being substituted for, one atom of hydrogen; monovalent; -- said of certain atoms and radicals.
n.
A minute particle; an atom; a molecule.
v. t.
To reduce to atoms.