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Religious discipline of systematic defence of a position
Apologetics (from Ancient Greek ἀπολογία (apología) 'speech in defense') is the defense of religious doctrines through systematic argumentation and discourse
Apologetics
Christian theology that defends Christianity against objections
Christian apologetics (Ancient Greek: ἀπολογία, "verbal defense, speech in defense") is a branch of Christian theology that defends Christianity. It is
Christian_apologetics
American evangelical apologist (born 1976)
philosopher, and YouTube personality, who is the head of the Acts 17 Apologetics ministry, which he co-founded with Nabeel Qureshi. He also runs Foundation
David Wood (Christian apologist)
David_Wood_(Christian_apologist)
School of Christian apologetics
Presuppositional apologetics, shortened to presuppositionalism, is an epistemological school of Christian apologetics that examines the presuppositions
Presuppositional_apologetics
School of Christian apologetics
Evidential apologetics or evidentialism is an approach to Christian apologetics emphasizing the use of evidence to demonstrate that God exists. The evidence
Evidential_apologetics
Topics referred to by the same term
apologist, apologetics, or apologetic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Apology, The Apology, apologies, apologize/apologise, apologist, apologetics, or apologetic
Apology
Christian existential apologetics differs from traditional approaches to Christian apologetics by basing arguments for Christian theism on the satisfaction
Christian existential apologetics
Christian_existential_apologetics
American Catholic apologist (born 1985)
Catholic apologist, writer, and academic. He is best known for his work in apologetics and his role as a speaker and educator on various aspects of Catholic
Trent_Horn
American author and journalist
television program called Faith Under Fire on PAX TV and runs a video apologetics web site. Strobel was born in Arlington Heights, Illinois. He received
Lee_Strobel
American professor of philosophy (born 1937)
the author of over eighty books on Christian philosophy, theology and apologetics. He also formulated, together with Ronald K. Tacelli, Twenty Arguments
Peter_Kreeft
Canadian Christian apologist and theologian
University of Toronto. He has been recognized for his work in Christian apologetics and cultural engagement. Huff was born in Multan, Pakistan and spent
Wesley_Huff
American Protestant organization
The Christian Apologetics and Research Ministry (CARM) is a nonprofit, nondenominational Protestant apologetics ministry with an internet and radio outreach
Christian Apologetics and Research Ministry
Christian_Apologetics_and_Research_Ministry
American evangelical scholar
Jones (born January 16, 1973) is an American evangelical scholar of apologetics and family ministry. He serves as the C. Edwin Gheens Professor of Christian
Timothy_Paul_Jones
Ecumenical apologetics is "an explanation (defense) of the Christian Faith, in an ecumenical fashion"; presenting a defense of one's own faith while advocating
Ecumenical_apologetics
Refutation of religious apologetics
Within criticism of religion, counter-apologetics is a field of thought that criticizes religious apologetics. Every religious apologist criticizes the
Counter-apologetics
American evangelist (born 1953)
Theological Seminary in apologetics. He has also earned an MA in Islamics from the Fuller Theological Seminary, and a PhD in apologetics and polemics from the
Jay Smith (Christian apologist)
Jay_Smith_(Christian_apologist)
American theologian and philosopher (1948–1995)
(SCCCS). He is also considered a contributor to the field of Christian apologetics, as he popularized the presuppositional method of Cornelius Van Til.
Greg_Bahnsen
American Christian apologist and pastor (born 1954)
Christian apologist and Protestant pastor. Known as the founder of public apologetics ministry Give Me an Answer, he is the senior pastor of Grace Community
Cliffe_Knechtle
American scientist
Douglas Charles Youvan (born January 29, 1955) is an American biophysicist and mathematician. Youvan received an associate degree in electronics and a
Douglas_Youvan
1994 book by William Lane Craig
Truth and Apologetics is a 1994 book by the philosopher William Lane Craig. It began as a set of lectures for Craig's own class on apologetics. In 2008
Reasonable_Faith_(book)
Christian apologist and author (born 1961)
author. He is best known as the founder and president of the Christian apologetics ministry CrossExamined.org. Turek has co-authored two books (Legislating
Frank_Turek
Pakistani-American author (1983–2017)
president of the Pre-Medical Honor Society. He also studied Islamic apologetics and engaged Christians in religious discussions. After one such discussion
Nabeel_Qureshi_(writer)
The Baháʼí Faith is a relatively new religion that teaches the essential worth of all religions and the unity of all people. The criticisms the religion
Criticism_of_the_Baháʼí_Faith
Organization of apologetics of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
(FAIR), is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization that specializes in Mormon apologetics and responds to criticism of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
FAIR (Mormon apologetics organization)
FAIR_(Mormon_apologetics_organization)
Jewish polemics and apologetics in the Middle Ages were texts written to protect and dissuade Jewish communities from conversion to Christianity, or more
Jewish polemics and apologetics in the Middle Ages
Jewish_polemics_and_apologetics_in_the_Middle_Ages
British mathematician, philosopher of science, and theologian (born 1943)
adjunct lecturer at Wycliffe Hall and at the Oxford Centre for Christian Apologetics. He is also an Associate Fellow of the Saïd Business School and a Senior
John_Lennox
Dutch-American philosopher and theologian (1895–1987)
who is credited as being the originator of modern presuppositional apologetics. Van Til was born in Groningen, Netherlands, and moved to the United
Cornelius_Van_Til
American evangelical philosopher (1932–2019)
made scholarly contributions to the subjects of classical Christian apologetics, systematic theology, the history of philosophy, philosophy of religion
Norman_Geisler
Early members of the Latter Day Saint movement
The Book of Mormon witnesses were a group of contemporaries of Joseph Smith who claimed to have seen the golden plates from which Smith translated the
Book_of_Mormon_witnesses
American theologian and Christian apologist
Retrieved January 24, 2026. Voigt, Andrew (March 1, 2025). "Roman Catholic Apologetics Is Surging Online. Intended Audience? Protestants". The Gospel Coalition
Mike_Winger
Christian polemics and apologetics in Europe during the Middle Ages were primarily directed inwards, either against "heretics," such as the Cathars, or
Christian polemics and apologetics in the Middle Ages
Christian_polemics_and_apologetics_in_the_Middle_Ages
First-century Jewish preacher and religious leader
Prophets Creed New Covenant Theology God Trinity Father Son Holy Spirit Apologetics Baptism Christology History of theology Salvation Stewardship Universalism
Jesus
British writer, lay theologian, and scholar (1898–1963)
Screwtape Letters and The Space Trilogy, and for his non-fiction Christian apologetics, including Mere Christianity, Miracles and The Problem of Pain. Lewis
C._S._Lewis
American Christian philosopher (born 1957)
August 2024, he joined Cornerstone as the Distinguished Professor of Apologetics and Christian Worldview. He was educated at the University of Wisconsin–Madison
Douglas_Groothuis
Founder of Islam (c. 570–632)
Roggema, Barbara (2008). The Legend of Sergius Baḥīrā: Eastern Christian Apologetics and Apocalyptic in Response to Islam. Brill. ISBN 978-90-474-4195-3.
Muhammad
Evangelical Christian ministry
The Christian Research Institute (CRI) is an evangelical Christian apologetics ministry. It was established in October 1960 in the state of New Jersey
Christian_Research_Institute
American professor of Islamic Studies and Arabic at Brigham Young University
about Mormonism where he discusses the Latter-day Saint faith and its apologetics. One of his projects has been the development of a website featuring
Daniel_C._Peterson
Texts regarded as part of the Bible
Prophets Creed New Covenant Theology God Trinity Father Son Holy Spirit Apologetics Baptism Christology History of theology Salvation Stewardship Universalism
Biblical_canon
American pastor, author and educator (1969–2025)
Story in a New Way (Crossway, 2013) ISBN 978-1-4335-2374-8 Expository Apologetics: Answering Objections with the Power of the Word (Crossway, 2015)
Voddie_Baucham
Foundational tenets in Catholicism
today indiscriminately" with the term foundational theology. Unlike apologetics, fundamental theology does not directly work towards evangelization,
Fundamental_theology
Early Christian and Jewish religious systems
Asian American Philosophical theology Christian philosophy Christian apologetics Persecution and tolerance Historical theology History of Catholic theology
Gnosticism
American Christian apologist and theologian
speaker. He is the director of Alpha and Omega Ministries, a Christian apologetics organization based in Phoenix, Arizona. He is a Christian scholar and
James_White_(theologian)
Book of Christian apologetics by Paul E. Little
Know Why You Believe is a book of Christian apologetics written by Paul E. Little. It was first published by Scripture Press Publications in 1967, and
Know_Why_You_Believe
Canadian philosopher and professor
areas of Christian Apologetics, Ethics and Philosophy of Religion, and is also the Director of TWU's Institute of Christian Apologetics. Chamberlain was
Paul_Chamberlain
American author and radio host (born 1960)
Things I Learned in My First 50 Years (Ignatius Press), and How to Do Apologetics (Our Sunday Visitor). His books have sold over one million copies, including
Patrick_Madrid
1925 book by G. K. Chesterton
The Everlasting Man is a Christian apologetics book written by G. K. Chesterton, published in 1925. It is, to some extent, a deliberate rebuttal of H
The_Everlasting_Man
American theologian and academic (born 1939)
theologian especially noted for his work in epistemology and presuppositional apologetics, systematic theology, and ethics. He is one of the foremost interpreters
John_Frame_(theologian)
American author, theologian and former pastor
Teaching Fellow and associate professor of theology, philosophy, and apologetics at Ligonier Academy in both the Bible college and D.Min. programs. In
R._C._Sproul_Jr.
Study of Islamic doctrines
Musta'li Hafizi Tayyibi Istihsan al-Khawd fi 'Ilm al-Kalam Al-Fiqh al-Akbar Apologetics Jewish Kalam Kalam cosmological argument Logic in Islamic philosophy
Kalam
American homicide detective and Christian apologist
the Colson Center for Christian Worldview and an adjunct professor of Apologetics at Talbot School of Theology (Biola University) in La Mirada, California
J._Warner_Wallace
American manosphere podcast
chauvinist content toward explicit antisemitism, Holocaust denial, and Nazi apologetics, arguing that the podcast has functioned as a bridge between mainstream
Fresh_and_Fit_Podcast
American minister, author (1928–1989)
clearing-house of information in both general Christian apologetics and in countercult apologetics. As the author of the influential The Kingdom of the Cults
Walter_Ralston_Martin
Guyanese politician, diplomat and lawyer
Word of God. He also co-wrote an apologetics-based novel, The Silent Witness. Luckhoo's contributions to apologetics identify him with both the evidentialist
Lionel_Luckhoo
English philosopher and Christian apologist (born 1934)
Wynn Main interests Philosophy of religion Philosophical theology Philosophy of science Christian apologetics Notable ideas Theistic Bayesian arguments
Richard_Swinburne
American public speaker and author
American public speaker, author, educator, and advocate for Christian apologetics. In the Alex McFarland Speaker Series, Alex McFarland hosted Charlie
Alex_McFarland
American Traditionalist Catholic and proponent of geocentrism
became a Traditionalist Catholic. He wrote Not By Faith Alone, a book of apologetics, explaining his view of the Catholic Church's doctrine of justification
Robert_Sungenis
American evangelist and author (born 1939)
apologetics falls under what Protestant theologians classify as "classical" and "evidential." In either of these approaches to Christian apologetics,
Josh_McDowell
Social movement opposing certain religious sects
by Robert and Gretchen Passantino; Apologetics Index; Apologetics Resource Center, led by Craig Branch; Apologetics Press, led by Dave Miller; Apprising
Christian countercult movement
Christian_countercult_movement
English author and Christian apologist (1874–1936)
Chesterton created the fictional priest-detective Father Brown, and wrote on apologetics, such as his works Orthodoxy and The Everlasting Man. Chesterton routinely
G._K._Chesterton
Apologetic argument for the divinity of Jesus
in the 1940s. The argument has played an important part in Christian apologetics. Criticisms of the argument have included that it assumes that Jesus
Lewis's_trilemma
Academic study of Mormonism
theories. While their position within Mormon studies is debated, Mormon apologetics have a tradition dating back to Parley P. Pratt's response to an anti-Mormon
Mormon_studies
Abrahamic monotheistic religion
Bang model is evidence for the existence of God. Creationist apologetics are apologetics that aim to defend creationism. Outline of Christianity Christian
Christianity
Argument for the existence of God
have been developed within the framework of Christian presuppositional apologetics and the likes of Cornelius Van Til and Greg Bahnsen. "Transcendental"
Transcendental argument for the existence of God
Transcendental_argument_for_the_existence_of_God
The Báb's trial in Tabríz took place in 1848. The Báb was put on trial in summer 1848 in the city of Tabriz. There, he was interrogated by the local Islamic
Báb's_trial_in_Tabriz
Catholic activist (born 1950)
founded and presided over Catholic Answers, a lay apostolate of Catholic apologetics and evangelization. Keating's book Catholicism and Fundamentalism was
Karl_Keating
American author of young adult fiction (born 1978)
author of young adult fiction, children's literature, and Christian apologetics. He is best known for his fantasy series, including the 100 Cupboards
N._D._Wilson
American writer (1951–2003)
American author and journalist who wrote on subjects related to Christian apologetics, philosophy, and the Christian countercult movement. Passantino lived
Robert_Passantino
Evangelical Christian University
the objective to introduce Christian leaders into classical Christian apologetics, the seminary expanded degree programs, including archaeology, Biblical
Veritas International University
Veritas_International_University
American theologian and Christian apologist (1939–2017)
Lindsley, another of Gerstner's students, co-authored the book Classical Apologetics in 1984. Sproul's ministry, Ligonier Ministries, made recordings of Gerstner
R._C._Sproul
1908 book by G. K. Chesterton
as a "spiritual autobiography". It has become a classic of Christian apologetics. Chesterton considered this book a companion to his other work, Heretics
Orthodoxy_(book)
French Dominican theologian (1859–1931)
credibility as the aptitude of a proposition to be believed and argues that apologetics establishes the rational conditions under which assent to revelation
Ambroise_Gardeil
Absence of espoused belief in a God or gods
skepticism, and transtheism. It is in use in the fields of Christian apologetics and general liberal theology. An early usage of the hyphenated term non-theism
Nontheism
Aspect of Buddhist ethics, story-telling traditions, apologetics and history
aspect of Buddhist ethics since early Buddhism, and was essential in the apologetics and texts of Chinese Buddhism. In the Early Buddhist Texts such as the
Filial_piety_in_Buddhism
Indian Astronomer and Astrologer (jyotisha)(19th-century)
Young (1981). Resistant Hinduism: Sanskrit Sources on Anti-Christian Apologetics in Early Nineteenth-century India. De Nobili Research Library. ISBN 9783900271091
Subaji_Bapu
Filipino aesthetic medicine doctor and media personality
Fellowship. Kho attended the Oxford Centre for Christian Apologetics to study Christian apologetics, where he was tutored by Os Guinness, John Lennox, Alister
Hayden_Kho
American theologian
American Evangelical Christian theologian specializing in the study of apologetics. Bowman received the M.A. in Biblical Studies and Theology from Fuller
Robert_M._Bowman_Jr.
British theologian, Anglican priest, Christian apologist and author (1930-2019)
1996, he became a Senior Research Fellow and Head of Evangelism and Apologetics at Wycliffe Hall, Oxford in 1997. He lived in the town of Abingdon near
Michael_Green_(theologian)
1846 Christian apologetic work by Simon Greenleaf
school of thought and use the terms "juridical apologetics", "jural apologetics" and "legal apologetics". These writers point to the Seventeenth century
Testimony_of_the_Evangelists
American creationist apologetics organization
The Institute for Creation Research (ICR) is a creationist apologetics institute in Dallas, Texas, that specializes in media promotion of pseudoscientific
Institute for Creation Research
Institute_for_Creation_Research
Bishop of Bangor; Bishop of Salisbury; Bishop of London
also noted in church history as an important contributor to Christian apologetics. Born in London, he was the son of the Very Reverend William Sherlock
Thomas_Sherlock
Epistemological theory that faith is independent of reason
only be gained by rejecting reason. Presuppositional apologetics is a Christian system of apologetics associated mainly with Calvinist Protestantism; it
Fideism
2008 book by Tim Keller
Age of Skepticism, published in 2008, is a book and DVD on Christian apologetics by Timothy J. Keller, a scholar and founding pastor of Redeemer Presbyterian
The_Reason_for_God
Orderly, rational, and coherent account of the doctrines of the Christian faith
other disciplines such as constructive theology, dogmatics, ethics, apologetics, and philosophy of religion. With a methodological tradition that differs
Systematic_theology
Irish Catholic priest (1868–1943)
Dominican priest based in London who was active in evangelisation and apologetics. Joseph McNabb was born in Portaferry, County Down, Ireland, the tenth
Vincent_McNabb
American missionary, theologian, and academic
Wilmington, North Carolina) is an American apologist and was professor of apologetics at Westminster Theological Seminary. He has been called by Charles Colson
William_Edgar_(apologist)
American author
is a Catholic author, apologist, and lecturer. He is the Director of Apologetics and Evangelization at Catholic Answers. In Surprised by Truth in a chapter
Tim_Staples
Nonprofit organization promoting young Earth creationism
Answers in Genesis (AiG) is an American fundamentalist Christian apologetics parachurch organization. It advocates the pseudoscience of young Earth creationism
Answers_in_Genesis
Academic association
study of philosophy, philosophy of religion, philosophical theology, apologetics, and ethics from an evangelical perspective. Membership is open to professional
Evangelical Philosophical Society
Evangelical_Philosophical_Society
Islamic apologetic works Christian apologetics Biblical apologetics Avery Cardinal Dulles, A History of Apologetics, Ignatius Press, 2nd ed., 2005, ISBN 0-89870-933-4
List of Christian apologetic works
List_of_Christian_apologetic_works
Literary technique used to persuade
Persuasion Ethos Pathos Logos Situation Style Grand Sotto voce Topos Genres Apologetics Debate Declamation Controversia Deliberative Demagogy Dialectic Socratic
Literary_device
Young (1981). Resistant Hinduism: Sanskrit Sources on Anti-Christian Apologetics in Early Nineteenth-century India. De Nobili Research Library. ISBN 9783900271091
Śāstra-tattva-vinirṇaya
French theologian
Alfred Firmin Loisy (French: [lwazi]) (28 February 1857 – 1 June 1940) was a French Catholic priest, theologian, and academic, generally regarded as one
Alfred_Loisy
Apostle of Jesus
Ryland, Tim (ed.). "Quick Questions". Catholic Answers: The Magazine of Apologetics and Evangelization. 33 (3): 44–45. Matthew 16:18 "Strong's Greek: 2786
Saint_Peter
American theologian (1912–1984)
historic Protestant faith and a presuppositional approach to Christian apologetics, which he believed would answer the questions of the age. Born in Germantown
Francis_Schaeffer
Phrenology has been a cultural factor in the Latter Day Saint movement (informally Mormons) since around the time of its founding in 1830. Phrenology is
Phrenology and the Latter Day Saint movement
Phrenology_and_the_Latter_Day_Saint_movement
American theologian and academic (born 1964)
scholar. He is the J. Gresham Machen Professor of Systematic Theology and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary California. Horton has written and edited more
Michael_Horton_(theologian)
the argument to make sense. A variety of Christian apologetics, called presuppositional apologetics, argues that the existence or non-existence of God
Presupposition_(philosophy)
This is a list of works about Islamic apologetics (Kalam) . Zafar, Harris. Demystifying Islam: Tackling the Tough Questions. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield
List of Islamic apologetic works
List_of_Islamic_apologetic_works
British author and pastor
2025. Reviews of If God, Then What?: Baker, David (1 December 2012). "Apologetics which are intellectually sharp and LOL". Evangelicals Now. Retrieved
Andrew_Wilson_(pastor)
1952 theological book by C. S. Lewis
Mere Christianity is a Christian apologetics book by the British author C. S. Lewis. It was adapted from a series of BBC radio talks made between 1941
Mere_Christianity
APOLOGETICS
APOLOGETICS
APOLOGETICS
APOLOGETICS
Girl/Female
Welsh
Young warrior. Also can be a Well-born.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Calm; Intelligence; Always Energetic; Intelligent
Girl/Female
Tamil
Thennavani | டேநà¯à®¨à®¾à®µà®¾à®¨à¯€
Goddess
Girl/Female
Muslim
Pure, Chaste
Female
Norwegian
Variant form of Norwegian Bergit, BERIT means "exalted one."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish
English and Irish : variant spelling of Farren.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Hem means gold
Boy/Male
English American Welsh
Wise friend. From the Old English Aetheiwine, and also Aefwine, both meaning noble friend....
Boy/Male
Hindu
A deity, One with pale white complexion, Lord Vishnu
APOLOGETICS
APOLOGETICS
APOLOGETICS
APOLOGETICS
APOLOGETICS
n.
That branch of theology which defends the Holy Scriptures, and sets forth the evidence of their divine authority.